This paper discusses the innovative methods of school-enterprise cooperation education mode in computer applied talent training.An innovative training model based on school-enterprise cooperation is proposed to promot...This paper discusses the innovative methods of school-enterprise cooperation education mode in computer applied talent training.An innovative training model based on school-enterprise cooperation is proposed to promote the cultivation of students’practical and innovative skills,so as to better adapt to the needs of society.By analyzing the key links and influencing factors of the training mode,this paper puts forward some concrete suggestions and measures to provide guidelines for universities and enterprises in personnel training.展开更多
This paper takes the school-enterprise cooperation between the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)and Baidu(China)Co.,Ltd.as an example to build the Paddle Paddle(Sichuan)AI Education Innov...This paper takes the school-enterprise cooperation between the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)and Baidu(China)Co.,Ltd.as an example to build the Paddle Paddle(Sichuan)AI Education Innovation Center by enjoying the best of both UESTC and Baidu(China),and cooperating with 16 universities in Sichuan Province.With the support of this center,both the school and the enterprise successfully built a school-enterprise collaborative AI innovative talent training model,which mainly serves the universities,industries,and districts.Furthermore,this training model is able to facilitate the update of the industrial intelligence and the regional economic development in southwest China,and also provide a reference for deep integration of school-enterprise collaboration and the cultivation of innovative talents in electronic information fields.展开更多
Background: Fractures of humeral shaft in adults are common injuries. Humeral shafts non-union either from late presentation after initial treatment by traditional bone setters or failed non-operative orthodox care is...Background: Fractures of humeral shaft in adults are common injuries. Humeral shafts non-union either from late presentation after initial treatment by traditional bone setters or failed non-operative orthodox care is a major problem in this part of the world. This non-union is a major treatment challenge with increased cost of care and morbidity in this part of the world. Humeral shaft non-union can be treated with locked intra-medullary nailing (LIMN) or dynamic compression plating (DCP). Study on comparison of these methods of fixation in this part of the world is scarce in literature search, hence the reason for this study. Objective: The objectives of this study are: (1) to compare early clinical outcome following fixation of humeral shaft fracture nonunion with DCP versus LIMN;(2) to compare the time of radiologic fracture union of DCP with LIMN;(3) to compare complications following fixation of humeral shaft fracture nonunion with DCP versus LIMN. Patients and Methods: This was a randomized control study done for 2 years in which fifty adult patients with humeral shaft non-union were recruited. The patients were grouped into 2 (P = DCP & N = LIMN). Forty five of the patients completed the follow up periods of the study and then analyzed. The P group had ORIF with DCP while the N group had ORIF with LIMN. Both groups had grafting with cancellous bones. Each patient was followed up for a period of 6 months at the time which radiographic union is expected. Any patient without clinical and/or radiographic evidence of union after six months of surgery was diagnosed as having recurrent non-union. The data generated was analyzed using SPSS Version 23. The results were presented in charts and tables. The paired t-test was used while considering p value Result: Forty five patients completed follow up. There was a male preponderance (4:1), right humerus predominated (3:2). Motor vehicular accidents were the commonest cause of the fractures (62%). Most non-union fractures occurred at the level of the middle 3<sup>rd</sup> of the humeral shaft (60%). Failed TBS treatment was the commonest indication for the osteosynthesis (71%). More patients had plating (53%) compared to 47% who had LIMN. Most patients (93.4%) had union between 3 to 6 months irrespective of fixation type with no significant statistical difference between the union rate of DCP and LIMN (p value 0.06) with similar functional outcome and complication rates irrespective of the type of fixation. Conclusion: This study showed that the success rates in term of fracture union, outcome functional grades and complication rates were not directly dependent on the types of the fixation: plating or locked intra-medullary nailing.展开更多
In view of the difficulties about school-enterprise cooperation on food safety testing laboratory reform,the current training program,teaching methods and teaching forms are not suitable for the new platform.This pape...In view of the difficulties about school-enterprise cooperation on food safety testing laboratory reform,the current training program,teaching methods and teaching forms are not suitable for the new platform.This paper provides new ideas and modes to solve these problems,such as integrating the resource elements between school and enterprise,establishing new platforms with the help of external force and innovating the cooperation modes to improve the laboratory,which can fully serve teaching,scientific research and enterprise production.展开更多
School of Information and Software Engineering at University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(abbreviated hereafter as "SISE") joined Excellent Engineer Education and Training Program launched b...School of Information and Software Engineering at University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(abbreviated hereafter as "SISE") joined Excellent Engineer Education and Training Program launched by Ministry of Education of China in 2011. This paper discussed nine models of school-enterprise cooperation practiced at SISE since 2011. The school-enterprise cooperation model effectively broadens the students' horizons and improves the students' practical ability and has been recognized by academic circles.展开更多
In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation ofschool-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison,...In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation ofschool-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison, the mode of school-enterprise cooperationsuitable for higher vocational education in China was explored to promote the development of higher vocational education inChina. The current situation and existing problems of work-study integration in higher vocational education in China wereanalyzed, and different modes of work-study combination in foreign higher vocational education were compared. Under thecurrent situation, earnestly studying and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign developed countries is of greatsignificance to the continuing development of school-enterprise cooperation and the talent training mode of work-studycombination in national model colleges and key universities.展开更多
In order to meet the needs of enterprises,adapt to the development of the social era,and cultivate practical talents in line with the market,adopting and promoting the school-enterprise cooperation mode have become im...In order to meet the needs of enterprises,adapt to the development of the social era,and cultivate practical talents in line with the market,adopting and promoting the school-enterprise cooperation mode have become important reform measures of higher education for music professionals in universities.In the context of the continuous optimization and development of national higher education,clarifying the significance of deepening the reform,exploring the drawbacks of the current mode and the areas that can be developed,seeking an effective way to combine music education with social needs,tapping the unlimited potential of professionals,and guiding the training of professionals are all constructive guarantees for ensuring sufficient national human resources in the future.展开更多
This paper mainly studies cooperative education problems of tourism management professional school-enterprise cooperation. Since the 1990s, many universities have begun to explore the issue of school-enterprise cooper...This paper mainly studies cooperative education problems of tourism management professional school-enterprise cooperation. Since the 1990s, many universities have begun to explore the issue of school-enterprise cooperation in running schools, and tourism management major is one of the popular professional cooperative education, there has been various forms of cooperative education, both success and failure cases. Many scholars take in-depth research of the issues and come up with many innovative ideas. Currently, much tourism management major of higher colleges gradually embarked on the road of school-enterprise cooperation. This study is under the background of the booming Chinese tourism higher education, school-enterprises cooperation have continued deepen, from both theoretical and practical aspects have a deep thinking in tourism management professional school-enterprise cooperative education issues systems.展开更多
In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation of school-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison...In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation of school-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison, the mode of school-enterprise cooperation suitable for higher vocational education in China was explored to promote the development of higher vocational education in China. The current situation and existing problems of work-study integration in higher vocational education in China were analyzed, and different modes of work-study combination in foreign higher vocational education were compared. Under the current situation, earnestly studying and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign developed countries is of great significance to the continuing development of school-enterprise cooperation and the talent training mode of work-study combination in national model colleges and key universities.展开更多
With the use of the MIntemet+" thinking, vigorously carry out the innovation of the school-enterprise cooperation mode, and improve and promote the quality of the school-enterprise cooperation, which is a major t...With the use of the MIntemet+" thinking, vigorously carry out the innovation of the school-enterprise cooperation mode, and improve and promote the quality of the school-enterprise cooperation, which is a major task faced by all kinds of the private colleges and universities. The school-enterprise cooperation, as a personnel training mode adapting to the development of the times, makes ftill use of the resources of universities and enterprises, which is of great significance to strengthen the mutually beneficial cooperation between schools and enterprises and to train the practical talents. However, problems such as the imperfect equipment of private colleges and universities, the inactive participation of the enterprises in the cooperation, and the lack of communication and exchange between the two sides, still exist. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for the development of the national education and the social progress to put forward the improvement measures and accelerate the development of the efficient and mutually beneficial mode of the school-enterprise cooperation.展开更多
With the vibrant growth of IT and strong encouragement from the "Internet Plus" policy, China's craving for high-end IT talents has been aroused to another high level. With norms in IT talents requiremen...With the vibrant growth of IT and strong encouragement from the "Internet Plus" policy, China's craving for high-end IT talents has been aroused to another high level. With norms in IT talents requirement become more diverse and demanding, IT talents are pushed to embody both solid theoretical software knowledge and high capability in practice. All of these make it an extremely urgent task for strengthening applied talents with their practice capability in commercial projects. This paper, based on cultivating applied talents and by exemplifying the applied IT major in one university in H province, reinforced educational and cultivating reform, explored the undertaking of commercial projects in school-enterprise cooperation and contemplated the mode construction of applied talents cultivation to raise the cultivation quality and employment of applied talents in universities, effectively enhance the commercial value of education as well as its capability in serving local economy and finally achieve the goal of intensifying the link of talents cultivation through practice.展开更多
The University of Cincinnati is the birthplace of the global paid internship program and has the most professional paid internship instructors in the United States.The University of Cincinnati has the most professiona...The University of Cincinnati is the birthplace of the global paid internship program and has the most professional paid internship instructors in the United States.The University of Cincinnati has the most professional paid internship instructors in the United States.However,China's higher education institutions started their internship programs late,and instructors lack special training,which prevents them from playing their role fully.By analyzing the type of full-time mentor teachers,job content and legal functions of the University of Cincinnati,we will provide reference for the working model of new internship mentor teachers in China.展开更多
With the rapid development of the world,the needs of society and enterprises for all kinds of talents are also increasing.Of course,the cultivation of application-oriented talents is the demand for the survival and de...With the rapid development of the world,the needs of society and enterprises for all kinds of talents are also increasing.Of course,the cultivation of application-oriented talents is the demand for the survival and development of students,as well as the training goals of major schools.Through schoolenterprise cooperation,the employment rate of students can be effectively improved.However,due to the limitations of many conditions,the current diversified school-enterprise cooperation model also faces some problems.This article provides some measures for the problems that exist on the way and how to construct them.展开更多
The effective operation of school-enterprise cooperation is of great strategic significance to promote college students to achieve employment of high-quality.Therefore,this paper will make a detailed discussion on the...The effective operation of school-enterprise cooperation is of great strategic significance to promote college students to achieve employment of high-quality.Therefore,this paper will make a detailed discussion on the effect that school-enterprise cooperation accelerates college students to achieve employment in good quality,hoping that it can provide the necessary guidance information to the researchers in this field.展开更多
In the European Union(EU),the revised Payment Services Directive(PSD2)aims to provide more convenient and customized financial products through open banking(OB)platforms.However,little attention has been paid to the r...In the European Union(EU),the revised Payment Services Directive(PSD2)aims to provide more convenient and customized financial products through open banking(OB)platforms.However,little attention has been paid to the role of OB in improving the financial well-being of the growing number of the EU’s underserved groups,which currently constitute approximately a quarter of its population.This study examines how the PSD2 and OB impact inclusive finance in the EU based on the perspectives of the Netherlands’ecosystem,one of the leaders in the EU’s financial technology(FinTech)landscape.A fundamental distinction can be drawn between the OB users and the ecosystem’s players.Regarding the impact of financial services on the users’inclusivity,while the PSD2 strengthens the infrastructure necessary for financial inclusion,many challenges remain,mainly because it was not designed for this purpose.This study identifies several areas of improvement that include adjustments to the know your customer and anti-money laundering processes for underserved customers,innovative ways to communicate the PSD2’s potential,and the regulation of technology providers’activities to build trust.Meanwhile,from the ecosystem’s position,there is a need to strengthen and improve microfinance regulation according to the opportunities provided by the PSD2 to support microfinance institutions(MFIs)in scaling up and reaching underserved clients across borders with innovative services.OB improvements can also be achieved by organizations formed by MFIs and FinTechs in collaboration with banks.Such hybrid institutions will combine the best features of each of them:knowledge of the needs of local underserved clients from MFIs,technological innovations from FinTechs,and large and trusted customer bases,infrastructures,and access to institutional investments and governments from banks.Finally,an EU inclusive OB sector depends on the centrality of trusted regulators as coordination bodies.The PSD2 requires adjustments for underserved populations’specific needs.OB improvements can be achieved by organizations formed by MFIs and Fin-Techs in collaboration with banks.Regulated technical service providers(TSPs)are crucial to building trust and customer adoption in OB.The European Banking Authority(EBA)may function as coordination body to design inclusive rules by engaging with OB stakeholders.As inclusive finance moves into open-finance and data eras,an increasing regulatory complexity and scope will require networks of innovative and trusted regulators.展开更多
Peking Union Medical College was founded in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.Since then,society and politics have been rapidly changing,and its architectural aesthetics reflect the idea of advocat...Peking Union Medical College was founded in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.Since then,society and politics have been rapidly changing,and its architectural aesthetics reflect the idea of advocating the West and inheriting tradition.Through research and actual investigation,this paper summarizes the current status of its building from two aspects,interior decoration art and interior decoration technology,analyzes the interior decoration characteristics of Peking Union Medical College Phase I Project,and records the archives of Peking Union Medical College’s decoration technology.展开更多
Objective To study the regulatory framework of advanced therapies in the European Union and the United States,and to provide reference for the regulation of cell-and gene-based therapeutic products in China.Methods Th...Objective To study the regulatory framework of advanced therapies in the European Union and the United States,and to provide reference for the regulation of cell-and gene-based therapeutic products in China.Methods The legal and regulatory documents,annual reports,work information and related literature published on the websites of the FDA and European Medicines Agency(EMA)were reviewed to analyze the regulatory models of advanced therapies in the European Union and the United States.Results and Conclusion the United States and the European Union have carried out a lot of work in the classification standards of advanced therapies,policy formulation and accelerated listing procedures.Therefore,they have established a relatively mature regulatory system.China can learn from their experience and continuously improve the regulatory system to help the sustainable development of gene and cell therapy industry.展开更多
文摘This paper discusses the innovative methods of school-enterprise cooperation education mode in computer applied talent training.An innovative training model based on school-enterprise cooperation is proposed to promote the cultivation of students’practical and innovative skills,so as to better adapt to the needs of society.By analyzing the key links and influencing factors of the training mode,this paper puts forward some concrete suggestions and measures to provide guidelines for universities and enterprises in personnel training.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education’s 2022 Second Batch of Industry-university Cooperation Collaborative Education Project"PaddlePaddle Artificial Intelligence Education Innovation Center Practice Base"(Grant No.220700001065953,220700001121532)the Ministry of Education’s Second Batch of Supply-demand Docking Employment Education Project"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China-Baidu Online Network Technology(Beijing)AI Technology Talent Training Project"(Grant No.20230103592)。
文摘This paper takes the school-enterprise cooperation between the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)and Baidu(China)Co.,Ltd.as an example to build the Paddle Paddle(Sichuan)AI Education Innovation Center by enjoying the best of both UESTC and Baidu(China),and cooperating with 16 universities in Sichuan Province.With the support of this center,both the school and the enterprise successfully built a school-enterprise collaborative AI innovative talent training model,which mainly serves the universities,industries,and districts.Furthermore,this training model is able to facilitate the update of the industrial intelligence and the regional economic development in southwest China,and also provide a reference for deep integration of school-enterprise collaboration and the cultivation of innovative talents in electronic information fields.
文摘Background: Fractures of humeral shaft in adults are common injuries. Humeral shafts non-union either from late presentation after initial treatment by traditional bone setters or failed non-operative orthodox care is a major problem in this part of the world. This non-union is a major treatment challenge with increased cost of care and morbidity in this part of the world. Humeral shaft non-union can be treated with locked intra-medullary nailing (LIMN) or dynamic compression plating (DCP). Study on comparison of these methods of fixation in this part of the world is scarce in literature search, hence the reason for this study. Objective: The objectives of this study are: (1) to compare early clinical outcome following fixation of humeral shaft fracture nonunion with DCP versus LIMN;(2) to compare the time of radiologic fracture union of DCP with LIMN;(3) to compare complications following fixation of humeral shaft fracture nonunion with DCP versus LIMN. Patients and Methods: This was a randomized control study done for 2 years in which fifty adult patients with humeral shaft non-union were recruited. The patients were grouped into 2 (P = DCP & N = LIMN). Forty five of the patients completed the follow up periods of the study and then analyzed. The P group had ORIF with DCP while the N group had ORIF with LIMN. Both groups had grafting with cancellous bones. Each patient was followed up for a period of 6 months at the time which radiographic union is expected. Any patient without clinical and/or radiographic evidence of union after six months of surgery was diagnosed as having recurrent non-union. The data generated was analyzed using SPSS Version 23. The results were presented in charts and tables. The paired t-test was used while considering p value Result: Forty five patients completed follow up. There was a male preponderance (4:1), right humerus predominated (3:2). Motor vehicular accidents were the commonest cause of the fractures (62%). Most non-union fractures occurred at the level of the middle 3<sup>rd</sup> of the humeral shaft (60%). Failed TBS treatment was the commonest indication for the osteosynthesis (71%). More patients had plating (53%) compared to 47% who had LIMN. Most patients (93.4%) had union between 3 to 6 months irrespective of fixation type with no significant statistical difference between the union rate of DCP and LIMN (p value 0.06) with similar functional outcome and complication rates irrespective of the type of fixation. Conclusion: This study showed that the success rates in term of fracture union, outcome functional grades and complication rates were not directly dependent on the types of the fixation: plating or locked intra-medullary nailing.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2018PC010)Teaching and Research Project of Binzhou University(BZXYSYXM201810).
文摘In view of the difficulties about school-enterprise cooperation on food safety testing laboratory reform,the current training program,teaching methods and teaching forms are not suitable for the new platform.This paper provides new ideas and modes to solve these problems,such as integrating the resource elements between school and enterprise,establishing new platforms with the help of external force and innovating the cooperation modes to improve the laboratory,which can fully serve teaching,scientific research and enterprise production.
文摘School of Information and Software Engineering at University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(abbreviated hereafter as "SISE") joined Excellent Engineer Education and Training Program launched by Ministry of Education of China in 2011. This paper discussed nine models of school-enterprise cooperation practiced at SISE since 2011. The school-enterprise cooperation model effectively broadens the students' horizons and improves the students' practical ability and has been recognized by academic circles.
文摘In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation ofschool-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison, the mode of school-enterprise cooperationsuitable for higher vocational education in China was explored to promote the development of higher vocational education inChina. The current situation and existing problems of work-study integration in higher vocational education in China wereanalyzed, and different modes of work-study combination in foreign higher vocational education were compared. Under thecurrent situation, earnestly studying and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign developed countries is of greatsignificance to the continuing development of school-enterprise cooperation and the talent training mode of work-studycombination in national model colleges and key universities.
基金the project supported by the Education Department of Hainan Province(Project number:Hnjg2020-96)the 2021 Education and Teaching Reform Project of Hainan Tropical Ocean University(No.RHYjg2021-07)the 2019 Education and Teaching Reform Project of Hainan Tropical Ocean University(No.RHYJG2019-20).
文摘In order to meet the needs of enterprises,adapt to the development of the social era,and cultivate practical talents in line with the market,adopting and promoting the school-enterprise cooperation mode have become important reform measures of higher education for music professionals in universities.In the context of the continuous optimization and development of national higher education,clarifying the significance of deepening the reform,exploring the drawbacks of the current mode and the areas that can be developed,seeking an effective way to combine music education with social needs,tapping the unlimited potential of professionals,and guiding the training of professionals are all constructive guarantees for ensuring sufficient national human resources in the future.
文摘This paper mainly studies cooperative education problems of tourism management professional school-enterprise cooperation. Since the 1990s, many universities have begun to explore the issue of school-enterprise cooperation in running schools, and tourism management major is one of the popular professional cooperative education, there has been various forms of cooperative education, both success and failure cases. Many scholars take in-depth research of the issues and come up with many innovative ideas. Currently, much tourism management major of higher colleges gradually embarked on the road of school-enterprise cooperation. This study is under the background of the booming Chinese tourism higher education, school-enterprises cooperation have continued deepen, from both theoretical and practical aspects have a deep thinking in tourism management professional school-enterprise cooperative education issues systems.
文摘In this paper, based on the experience and practice of school-enterprise cooperation in developed countries, the current situation of school-enterprise cooperation in China was studied. Through analysis and comparison, the mode of school-enterprise cooperation suitable for higher vocational education in China was explored to promote the development of higher vocational education in China. The current situation and existing problems of work-study integration in higher vocational education in China were analyzed, and different modes of work-study combination in foreign higher vocational education were compared. Under the current situation, earnestly studying and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign developed countries is of great significance to the continuing development of school-enterprise cooperation and the talent training mode of work-study combination in national model colleges and key universities.
文摘With the use of the MIntemet+" thinking, vigorously carry out the innovation of the school-enterprise cooperation mode, and improve and promote the quality of the school-enterprise cooperation, which is a major task faced by all kinds of the private colleges and universities. The school-enterprise cooperation, as a personnel training mode adapting to the development of the times, makes ftill use of the resources of universities and enterprises, which is of great significance to strengthen the mutually beneficial cooperation between schools and enterprises and to train the practical talents. However, problems such as the imperfect equipment of private colleges and universities, the inactive participation of the enterprises in the cooperation, and the lack of communication and exchange between the two sides, still exist. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for the development of the national education and the social progress to put forward the improvement measures and accelerate the development of the efficient and mutually beneficial mode of the school-enterprise cooperation.
文摘With the vibrant growth of IT and strong encouragement from the "Internet Plus" policy, China's craving for high-end IT talents has been aroused to another high level. With norms in IT talents requirement become more diverse and demanding, IT talents are pushed to embody both solid theoretical software knowledge and high capability in practice. All of these make it an extremely urgent task for strengthening applied talents with their practice capability in commercial projects. This paper, based on cultivating applied talents and by exemplifying the applied IT major in one university in H province, reinforced educational and cultivating reform, explored the undertaking of commercial projects in school-enterprise cooperation and contemplated the mode construction of applied talents cultivation to raise the cultivation quality and employment of applied talents in universities, effectively enhance the commercial value of education as well as its capability in serving local economy and finally achieve the goal of intensifying the link of talents cultivation through practice.
基金China Scholarship Council Program(CSC),Project number:201808455061。
文摘The University of Cincinnati is the birthplace of the global paid internship program and has the most professional paid internship instructors in the United States.The University of Cincinnati has the most professional paid internship instructors in the United States.However,China's higher education institutions started their internship programs late,and instructors lack special training,which prevents them from playing their role fully.By analyzing the type of full-time mentor teachers,job content and legal functions of the University of Cincinnati,we will provide reference for the working model of new internship mentor teachers in China.
文摘With the rapid development of the world,the needs of society and enterprises for all kinds of talents are also increasing.Of course,the cultivation of application-oriented talents is the demand for the survival and development of students,as well as the training goals of major schools.Through schoolenterprise cooperation,the employment rate of students can be effectively improved.However,due to the limitations of many conditions,the current diversified school-enterprise cooperation model also faces some problems.This article provides some measures for the problems that exist on the way and how to construct them.
文摘The effective operation of school-enterprise cooperation is of great strategic significance to promote college students to achieve employment of high-quality.Therefore,this paper will make a detailed discussion on the effect that school-enterprise cooperation accelerates college students to achieve employment in good quality,hoping that it can provide the necessary guidance information to the researchers in this field.
基金Financial Inclusion through Digitalisation in Europe]research project.SFIDE is funded by The European Investment Bank Institute,EIBURS research grant(2020-22)on the theme“Building the future of inclusive finance:the role of FinTechs and digitalisation”.The funding body had no role in the design of the study,collection,analysis,and interpretation of data,as well as in writing or revising the manuscript.
文摘In the European Union(EU),the revised Payment Services Directive(PSD2)aims to provide more convenient and customized financial products through open banking(OB)platforms.However,little attention has been paid to the role of OB in improving the financial well-being of the growing number of the EU’s underserved groups,which currently constitute approximately a quarter of its population.This study examines how the PSD2 and OB impact inclusive finance in the EU based on the perspectives of the Netherlands’ecosystem,one of the leaders in the EU’s financial technology(FinTech)landscape.A fundamental distinction can be drawn between the OB users and the ecosystem’s players.Regarding the impact of financial services on the users’inclusivity,while the PSD2 strengthens the infrastructure necessary for financial inclusion,many challenges remain,mainly because it was not designed for this purpose.This study identifies several areas of improvement that include adjustments to the know your customer and anti-money laundering processes for underserved customers,innovative ways to communicate the PSD2’s potential,and the regulation of technology providers’activities to build trust.Meanwhile,from the ecosystem’s position,there is a need to strengthen and improve microfinance regulation according to the opportunities provided by the PSD2 to support microfinance institutions(MFIs)in scaling up and reaching underserved clients across borders with innovative services.OB improvements can also be achieved by organizations formed by MFIs and FinTechs in collaboration with banks.Such hybrid institutions will combine the best features of each of them:knowledge of the needs of local underserved clients from MFIs,technological innovations from FinTechs,and large and trusted customer bases,infrastructures,and access to institutional investments and governments from banks.Finally,an EU inclusive OB sector depends on the centrality of trusted regulators as coordination bodies.The PSD2 requires adjustments for underserved populations’specific needs.OB improvements can be achieved by organizations formed by MFIs and Fin-Techs in collaboration with banks.Regulated technical service providers(TSPs)are crucial to building trust and customer adoption in OB.The European Banking Authority(EBA)may function as coordination body to design inclusive rules by engaging with OB stakeholders.As inclusive finance moves into open-finance and data eras,an increasing regulatory complexity and scope will require networks of innovative and trusted regulators.
基金National Key R&D Program“Science and Technology Winter Olympics”(Grant Number:2020YFF0304900).
文摘Peking Union Medical College was founded in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.Since then,society and politics have been rapidly changing,and its architectural aesthetics reflect the idea of advocating the West and inheriting tradition.Through research and actual investigation,this paper summarizes the current status of its building from two aspects,interior decoration art and interior decoration technology,analyzes the interior decoration characteristics of Peking Union Medical College Phase I Project,and records the archives of Peking Union Medical College’s decoration technology.
文摘Objective To study the regulatory framework of advanced therapies in the European Union and the United States,and to provide reference for the regulation of cell-and gene-based therapeutic products in China.Methods The legal and regulatory documents,annual reports,work information and related literature published on the websites of the FDA and European Medicines Agency(EMA)were reviewed to analyze the regulatory models of advanced therapies in the European Union and the United States.Results and Conclusion the United States and the European Union have carried out a lot of work in the classification standards of advanced therapies,policy formulation and accelerated listing procedures.Therefore,they have established a relatively mature regulatory system.China can learn from their experience and continuously improve the regulatory system to help the sustainable development of gene and cell therapy industry.