Cultivate Talents with Both Noble Qualities and Knowledge of Chinese and Western Culture——Exclusive Interview with Professor Yin Meiqun, Dean of the Business School of Beijing International Studies University

Although it was frigid outside mid-winter, classrooms in the Business School of Beijing International Studies University are still as warm as spring,because of the passionate teachers and students. Professors were conducting lectures in English, as the students listen carefully and occasionally answered the questions posed in fluent English.If hearing their voices only, audiences might easily mistake that they were in a university in an English-speaking country.'

MADE IN HONG KONG: A CULTURAL PEARL PURSUING FOR QUALITY

Managing quality has become a serious endeavor for many Hong Kong companies. Many forward looking chief executives recognize that effective quality management is of strategic importance to competing, winning and retaining markets. In this respect, they have established their quality culture in order to unify the workforce and the management for better quality performance. This paper is to study the styles of quality culture in some best companies in Hong Kong.

Translation, Cultural Adaption and Validation of Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture in Kosovo

Background: An essential condition to improve patient safety is considered to ensure a supportive patient safety culture. Measuring the culture of patient safety in all health care institutions may be a first step to target improvements. Creating a culture of safety requires eliminating the culture of blame. In order to formulate actions for improvement, it is important for hospitals to assess their baseline scores for the existing safety culture and to determine the areas of priority. Aim: The aim of this study was first to measure the use, translation in Albanian and adaptation of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) assessment as a tool for improving patient safety in Kosovo Hospitals. The second aim was to measure the level of patient safety culture in Kosovo, in seven hospitals and one University Clinical Center (hospitals with over 50 beds, including psychiatric hospitals). Method: The questionnaire (HSOPSC) was translated into Albanian for use in the Kosovo. It was used forward-backward translation: the questions were translated into Albanian by one translator and then translated back into English by an independent translator who was blinded to the original questionnaire. Results: In the eight-factor model, the internal consistency of the factors and the construct validity of the HSOPSC questionnaire were mostly satisfactory. The construct validity was sufficient for all subscales, except for the 4 other subscale regarding intention to report incidents which correlated poorly with other subscales. In total, HSOPSC has 12 dimensions. Cronbach’s α showed that in Kosovarian society, we could use only 8 dimensions model. Conclusion: The hypothesis that HSOPSC would be a suitable instrument to provide important indicators for the improvement of patient safety culture was tested and it was confirmed, that HSOPSC could be used as 8 dimension model. HSOPSC is suitable to improve patient safety culture and provide each hospital with a basic profile on patient safety culture and recommendations for an oriented intervention plan.

The Basic Role of Cultural Knowledge of Both the Source and Target Culture in Translation

Cultural knowledge of both the source and target culture plays a significant role in the translation. For the reason that translation is an activity of cross-cultural communication, cultural knowledge can bring the important impact on translation, including facilitating the quality of translation, overcoming cultural barriers and equipping translators as qualified intercultural communicators. From above aspects, cultural knowledge is taking up a dominant position in translation and influencing translation effectively.

A Study of the Cultivation of English Cultural Awareness in High School——Based on the Core Competencies and Values of English

Cultural awareness is the basis of communication,and it includes our own cultural values,beliefs and the ability to perceive the world.When students learn English and communicate with people from English culture,cultural awareness becomes very important.Meanwhile,National English Curriculum Standards for General High School puts cultural awareness in the key position of the Core Competencies and Values of English subjects.At present,the academic research and analysis on the Core Competencies and Values of English mainly focus on the language ability,learning ability and students’learning motivation.This paper intends to explore the cultivation of high school students’English cultural awareness through qualitative research and literature collation and there are 5 parts totally in this paper.The first part is the introduction,introducing the background of cultural consciousness and the significance of research.The second part is a literature review,analyzing the previous opinions both domestically and internationally.The third part is a review of cultural consciousness,summarizing the theory,historical development and main genres of cultural consciousness.The fourth part is the exploration of the cultivation of cultural awareness,including the requirements,the problems and methods of the cultivation of cultural awareness in high school English teaching.The fifth part is the conclusion,which advocates the cultivation of cultural consciousness and the development of English subject through the summary and reflection.The significance of this paper lies in the majority of teachers to create a harmonious teaching environment,facilitate the students’cultural awareness,improve high school students’cultural understanding and cultural awareness,as well as improve high school students’English discipline Core Competencies and Values so that it could benefit the development of English in our country.

On the Whole-Process People’s Democracy and the Construction of Citizens’ Cultural Quality

The Whole-Process People’s Democracy has become an important proposition of the socialist modernization democratic theory with Chinese characteristics,and has important value for the development of the new form of human civilization.The Whole-Process People’s Democracy is not only a“democracy”system,its focus is to achieve“people’s democracy”,its unique feature is to surpass“non process”democracy with the“Whole-Process”,and create a new governance path of a new form of human civilization.Of course,the emphasis of people’s democracy on the consciousness of people’s subjective participation in the whole process also puts forward corresponding requirements for the cultural quality construction of Chinese social citizens in the new era,so it is also of great significance to pay attention to the cultivation of citizens’public spirit.

A Study on the Path of Promoting External Dissemination of Regional Culture with Translation Technology under the Background of New Quality Productivity

With the introduction of the concept of new quality productivity characterized by high technology,efficiency,and quality,various industries in China have ignited a high spirit of innovation and development.Against this background,this article analyzes the significance and current situation of the external dissemination of regional culture and combines the application of translation technology empowered by new quality productivity to explore a path suitable for the wider,more effective,and higher-quality external dissemination of regional culture.The aim is to provide practical experience for promoting the effective dissemination of regional culture in China to the world and better build a cultural power.

Effect of exogenous GA3 on flowering quality, endogenous hormones, and hormone-and flowering-associated gene expression in forcing-cultured tree peony（Paeonia suffruticosa）

Gibberellins(GAs)promote flowering in the forcing-cultured tree peony(Paeonia suffruticosa),however,the mechanism of regulating flowering is not fully understood.In this study,exogenous GA3 was applied to five-year-old Luoyang Hong plants to explore responses in terms of endogenous hormones,flowering quality,and the hormone-and flowering-associated gene expression.Exogenous GA3 application significantly promoted flower bud development and new branch growth,as well as improved flowering quality.Exogenous GA3 application also stimulated the synthesis of endogenous GA3 and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)but reduced abscisic acid(ABA)levels.To further elucidate the regulatory mechanism,eight genes for GA biosynthesis and signaling,including PsCPS,PsKS,PsGA3ox,PsGA2ox,PsGID1b,PsGID1c,PsDELLA,and PsGID2 were cloned for the first time,and sequence analysis was also performed.The results suggested that all the cloned genes have conserved structure as each homologous gene reported in the other species.Phylogenetic trees constructed by the each cloned gene showed that the phylogenetic evolutionary relationship of P.suffruticosa was closely related to Vitis vinifera.The expression patterns of the above genes,and genes for ABA and IAA biosynthetic and signaling,and the flowering time were also investigated.Most of the above genes showed higher expression in the control buds than those in the GA3 treated buds at six developmental stages,whereas the expression levels of PsSOC1 and PsSPL9 were up-regulated by GA3 treatment.The results also showed that the GA-biosynthetic and signaling pathways are conserved in tree peony,and the PsCPS,PsGA3ox,PsGA2ox,PsGID1,PsDELLA,and PsGID2 genes are necessary for feedback regulation of GAs.Furthermore,hormone changes promoted PsSOC1 and PsSPL9 expression,and repressed PsSVP expression,which contributed to the improvement flowering quality in tree peony of forcing culture.

A Comparison Study on Flesh Quality of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys croceus) Cultured with Three Different Modes

To compare the flesh quality of large yellow croaker cultured with three different modes, enclosure culture(EC), cage culture with feeding trash fish(CCF) and cage culture with feeding formula diet(CCD), thirty six fish individuals of EC(484.6 ± 79.8 g), CCF(432.7 ± 87.9 g) and CCD(416.9 ± 49.5 g) were sampled to measure body color, flesh water holding capacity, flesh proximate composition, amino acids and fatty acids composition, and collagen and inosinic acid contents. The analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the yellowness of skin and the contents of crude protein and inosinic acid between CCD and EC(P > 0.05), and the two modes showed higher values than CCF(P < 0.05). Most of the amino acids(AA) in flesh were higher in EC than in CCF(P < 0.05), but CCD showed no difference in AA composition from the other two modes(P > 0.05). EC and CCD had higher contents of collagen, free AA and lower drip loss than CC(P < 0.05). In polyunsaturated fatty acids, EC showed significantly higher levels of C20:5 n-3 and C22:6 n-3 than CCF and CCD(P < 0.05), but CCD had significantly higher C18:2 n-6 than CCF and EC(P < 0.05). In conclusion, the flesh quality of CCD fish is similar to EC fish, and these two modes have better flesh quality than CCF.

Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast Starter Cultures on the Soaking Time and Quality of “Ofada” Rice

Freshly harvested paddy rice was randomly obtained from three different farms in “Ofada” town, Ogun State, Nigeria and processed according to the traditional parboiling method. The rice was inoculated singly with cultures of Lactobacillus amylophilus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Saccharomyces uvarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae which were isolated from the soak-water. In order to assess the effect of starter cultures on the soaking time of the rice, the pH and titratable acidity were determined at 12 h interval. The chemical composition and the sensory quality of the rice were also determined at the end of the soaking period while uninoculated rice served as control. The chemical composition of the rice as well as the pH and TTA of the soak-water were significantly (p < 0.05) different from the control while the processing time was shortened to 48 h. The rice inoculated with Saccharomyces uvarum and Saccharomyces cerevisae had the highest protein content and best sensory attributes.

Effects of light-emitting diodes on tissue culture plantlets and seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Light-emitting diodes(L EDs)are a new light source with low energy consumption and high photoelectric conversion efficiency,and they can satisfy the energy-saving needs of plant culture systems.However,the effects of LED light sources on rice tissue culture and rice seedling cultivation are poorly understood.This study aimed to evaluate the effects of LEDs on the growth of tissue culture plantlets and seedlings of the rice(Oryza sativa L.)cultivar Nipponbare.The best light source for rice tissue culture was different from that for rice seedling cultivation.Blue(B)LED light was the most appropriate light for rice tissue culture.Under a B LED light,the time required for callus proliferation,differentiation and regeneration was the shortest,and the frequency of plantlet ititin,dfferetiation and regeneration was the highest.Ablue:red(B:R)=1:1LED light facilitated the growth of rice seedlings and produced the highest chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and photosynthetic rates in the rice seedlings.Abundant photosynthetic products were more effectively generated in the rice seedlings under the B:R=1:1 LED and R LED lights than under the B LED light.B LED light is the most appropriate light for rice tissue culture plantlets and can be used as an alternative light source for rice tissue culture,and B:R=1:1 LED light facilitated the cultivation of robust rice seedlings and can be used as the primary light source for rice factory seedling cultivation.

Rice-duck co-culture benefits grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline accumulation and quality and yield enhancement of fragrant rice

Rice-duck co-culture is an integrated farming technology that benefits rice production, grain quality, and ecological sustainability in paddy fields. However, little is known about the effects of rice-duck co-culture on enzyme activity involved in the biosynthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP), the volatile that gives fragrant rice its' distinctive and sought-after aroma. The present study aimed to examine the influence of rice-duck co-culture on the photosynthesis, yield, grain quality, rice aroma, and the enzymes involved in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis in the cultivar Meixiangzhan 2 during the early and late rice growing seasons of 2016 in Guangzhou, China. We compared the rice grown in paddy fields with and without ducks. We found that rice-duck co-culture not only improved the yield and quality of fragrant rice grain, but also promoted the precursors of 2-AP biosynthesis formation and 2-AP accumulation in the grain. Grain 2-AP content in rice-duck co-culture was noticeably increased with 9.60% and 20.81% in early and late seasons, respectively. Proline and pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid (P5C) (precursors of 2-AP biosynthesis) and the activity of enzymes such as proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) and Δ1 pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthetase (P5CS) were all improved by 10.15%–12.99%, 32.91%–47.75%, 17.81%–26.71%, 6.25%–21.78%, and 10.58%–38.87% under rice-duck co-culture in both seasons, respectively. Overall, our results suggest that rice-duck co-culture is an environmentally-friendly and sustainable approach to improving rice aroma and grain quality of fragrant rice.

Optimal Culture Capacity of White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Razor Clam (Sinonovacula constricta) in a New Series-Connection Culture Model

To construct an effective circular mix-culture model and investigate its culture capacity,we established one small and one large systems,with white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)and razor clam(Sinonovacula constricta)cultured in separate ponds.The culture water from the L.vannamei was pumped to the S.constricta,and the culture water from the S.constricta overflowed back into the L.vannamei via gravity.In trial I,we tested four culture densities(groups 1–4),and monitored water quality,growth indices,and digestive and immune enzyme activities.From the results,the nitrogen and phosphorus levels generally increased then declined after 56 days,and were lower in groups 1 and 2.The specific growth rate of group 2 was the highest.After 56 days,activities of four digestive enzymes were increased in group 2,and lysozyme activity was significantly decreased in S.constricta in groups 1–4;Alkaline phosphatase activity of L.vannamei was increased in group 3,but decreased in S.constricta in groups 2–4;Acid phosphatase activity was significantly higher in groups 1–3(P<0.05),while SOD and CAT activities were significantly elevated in group 2(P<0.05).Thus,we applied group 2 density for trial II.In trial II,nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations declined significantly during the latter stages,and growth indices were higher than the control(P<0.05).The yields of L.vannamei and S.constricta were significantly higher than the control(P<0.05).The results revealed a good circular mix-culture system with the optimal culture capacity for L.vannamei(40 ind m^(−2))and S.constricta(300 ind m^(−2)),which provided a reference for the future culture of them.

AN ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE FOR QUALITY THROUGH EMPOWERMENT MANAGEMENT

Total quality management (TQM) is of strategic significance in winning the required edge for manufacturers in Hong Kong to survive in the ever increasingly competitive market. Mere capitalization on the cheap availability of labour and land in the China's Mainland for competitiveness is no longer viable because of the emergence of new competitors in particular those in Asia countries. TQM aiming for continuous improvements is the key for profitability growth and long run competitiveness. Over emphasis in the “hardware” for quality improvement without the complementation of it with the cultivation of the “software” for its implementation will not only delay the real implementation of real TQM but may also result in catastrophic failure of the organization in the face of rapid changes in demand and expectations of customers. An organizational culture for quality improvement through management empowerment is believed to be fruitful in helping the Hong Kong manufacturers to win the uphill battle for their well being and even survival in the world competition.

The Effect of Three Culture Methods on Intensive Culture System of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Different culture methods may affect the intensive culture system of Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) regarding water quality and growth and economic performance.This study evaluated the potential effects of three culture methods through cultivation of juvenile shrimps under consistent tank management conditions for 84 d.The three methods involved shrimp cultivation in different tanks,i.e.,outdoor tanks with cement bottom(mode-C),greenhouse tanks with cement bottom(mode-G) and outdoor tanks with mud-substrate(mode-M).Results showed that water temperature was significantly higher in mode-G than that in mode-C(P < 0.05).In contrast to the other two treatments,mode-M had stable pH after 50 d cultivation of shrimps.In the mid-late period,the average concentrations of TAN,NO2-N,DIP and COD were significantly lower in mode-M and mode-G compared with those in mode-C(P < 0.05).Despite lack of differences in the final shrimp weight among different treatments(P > 0.05),mode-M had significantly higher shrimp yield,survival rate and feed conversion rate(P < 0.05) than other modes.There were significant differences in revenue and net return among different treatments(P < 0.05).These demonstrated that the treatments of mode-G and mode-M were conductive to the intensive culture system of L.vannamei.

Evaluation of Nutrient Components and Nutritive Quality of Larimichthys crocea(Big Yellow Croaker)in Different Aquaculture Models

To ascertain the nutrient components and nutritive quality of the flesh of big yellow croaker in three culture conditions （ traditional cage, offshore cage and cage-free）, basic nutritional components,amino acid,fatty acid and mineral elements were determined. The results indicated that crude protein in flesh of the big yellow croaker in cage-free culture was higher than that in offshore cage and much higher than that in traditional cage （ P 〈0.05）. Crude fat of the croaker cul- tured in the traditional cage was twice as high as that in cage-free culture, while that in the offshore cage was in the middle. Proline content in the cage-free culture was much higher than that in the offshore cage, and also than that in the traditional cage （P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no significant difference in the content of alanine, methionine and tryptophan （ P 〈 0.05）. Contents of other amino acids had no significant difference between the cage-free culture and offshore cage, but were much lower in the traditional cage （P 〈 0.05 ）. Top six fatty acids were 9-Hexadecenoic acid, palmitic acid,9-Octadecenoic acid, Octadecauoic acid, DHA and EPA. The palmitic acid content was the highest in cage-free culture and in traditional cage, 9-Octadeeenoic acid content was the highest in offshore cage. Content of unsaturat- ed fatty acids in cage-free culture, offshore cage and traditional cage was 63.60,66.32,57.67, respectively, and polyunsaturated fatty acid was 29.10, 28.57, and 24.40. Content of DHA in cage-free culture was significantly higher than that in the offshore and traditional cage. Content of zinc had no significant difference in three culture models. Content of phosphorus had no significant difference between that in cage-free culture and offshore cage, was lower in the traditional cage. The cage-free cultured croakers had the highest content of calcium and phosphorus. Content of selenium was about the same between the offshore cage and the traditional cage stocking, higher in the cage-free culture. This research has considerable application value for identifying quality and sources of the big yellow croakers.

Assessment of Water Quality in Shrimp Culture Areas of the Mekong Delta

Water quality was investigated in shrimp culture areas in Cau Ngang, Tra Vinh where three culture systems were found in the same area to assess the impact of intensification of shrimp culture on the surrounding environment. Three culture systems were selected including intensive, semi-intensive and rice-shrimp alternated culture for the study. Monthly assessment of physical and chemical parameters of water and biotic parameters were done for a period of one year from March, 2009 to February, 2010 in the canals surrounding the culture systems. The physical chemical parameters of water recorded include temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand （COD）, total suspended solids （TSS）, total ammonium （TAN）, nitrite （N-NO2）, nitrate （N-NO3） and total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP） in both water and sediment. Zooplankton and zoobenthos were determined quantitatively and qualitatively using zooplankton nets and Petersen grabs, respectively. The results indicated that most of water parameters were not significantly different between culture systems and were in suitable ranges for aquatic life within the national standard criteria except DO, TSS and TP at some periods. DO concentration in rice-shrimp system was significantly lower than that in other systems. TSS and TP concentrations both in water and sediment were high exceeding the limit ranges （〉 100 mg/L）. The occurrence of some zooplankton and zoobenthos species indicated that all systems were polluted at 13 level （mesosaprobic） in which the rice-shrimp alternated culture system subjected to more environmental fluctuation not only by shrimp culture but also rice cultivation and salinity variation between dry and rainy seasons.

DISTRIBUTION OF BACTERIA IN SHELLFISH CULTURE AREA AROUND QINGDAO

Bacteria numbers in water of coastal shellfish culture area around Qingdao were examined in April, August and October 1998 respectively. The results showed that the total numbers of heterotrophic and coliform bacteria in waters of the area and the specific geographical area varied with seasons. The highest populations were recorded during summer, i.e. 1 0×10 4～4 5×10 6cell/ml and 3 0×10 0～2 4×10 3cell/100ml, and with average values of 1 61×10 5cell/ml and 1 24×10 2cell/100ml respectively. The second highest populations occurred in autumn, and the lowest were in spring. The numbers of coliform bacteria were relatively low in waters near the mouths of bays and open part of the shellfish culture area, while those in waters near the estuaries of big rivers, wharves, navigation routes or the area in front of downtown areas were much higher than other areas. Single index assessment of the environment quality of shellfish culture was made to indicate that the water sanitary quality in most of these areas are very good, however, some parts were serious polluted by the faeces of warm blood animals. These results provided theoretical reference for the programming and organizing of shellfish culture.

Repetitive administration of cultured human CD34+cells improve adenine-induced kidney injury in mice

BACKGROUND There is no established treatment to impede the progression or restore kidney function in human chronic kidney disease(CKD).AIM To examine the efficacy of cultured human CD34+cells with enhanced proliferating potential in kidney injury in mice.METHODS Human umbilical cord blood(UCB)-derived CD34+cells were incubated for one week in vasculogenic conditioning medium.Vasculogenic culture significantly increased the number of CD34+cells and their ability to form endothelial progenitor cell colony-forming units.Adenineinduced tubulointerstitial injury of the kidney was induced in immunodeficient non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice,and cultured human UCB-CD34+cells were administered at a dose of 1×106/mouse on days 7,14,and 21 after the start of adenine diet.RESULTS Repetitive administration of cultured UCB-CD34+cells significantly improved the time-course of kidney dysfunction in the cell therapy group compared with that in the control group.Both interstitial fibrosis and tubular damage were significantly reduced in the cell therapy group compared with those in the control group(P<0.01).Microvasculature integrity was significantly preserved(P<0.01)and macrophage infiltration into kidney tissue was dramatically decreased in the cell therapy group compared with those in the control group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Early intervention using human cultured CD34+cells significantly improved the progression of tubulointerstitial kidney injury.Repetitive administration of cultured human UCB-CD34+cells significantly improved tubulointerstitial damage in adenine-induced kidney injury in mice via vasculoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.