Practice and Reflection on the Science and Technology Propaganda Work of Agricultural Research Institutes in the New Era : A Case Study of Changli Pomology Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences

Taking Changli Fruit Tree Research Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences as an example,starting from the importance of strengthening scientific and technological propaganda work in agricultural research institutes,the current situation of scientific and technological propaganda work in agricultural research institutes is analyzed in this paper.In response to the problems of lack of targeted evaluation mechanism,lack of distinctive publicity forms,and weak news sensitivity of science and technology propaganda workers in agricultural research institutions,strategies such as establishing a scientific and standardized evaluation system,improving incentive policies,deeply exploring propaganda content,leveraging the joint advantages of new and traditional media,and cultivating and training science and technology propaganda teams are proposed.

Research Progress on the Development of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Park

This paper summarizes the typical models,construction theory and development status of modern agricultural science and technology parks at home and abroad,in order to provide a reference for the sustainable development of modern agricultural science and technology parks in China.It is found that at present,the agricultural science and technology park in China is in the stage of quantitative development,neglecting the qualitative construction of the park.This paper points out that the balanced relationship among ecology,economy and society should be adjusted to promote the sustainable development of the park.

On the Experience, Problems in Science and Technology Services of Basic Scientific Research Institutes and Suggestions——Taking Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Areas of Jiangsu as an Example

Taking the Jiangsu Province as Zhenjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Areas of an example, the paper elaborated the advanced practices of agricultural research institutes in agricultural science and technology services and analyzed the difficulties and solutions in the services. process of science and technologyservices.

Meru University of Science and Technology Research Ethics Review System: A SWOT Analysis

The objectives of this article are as follows: 1) to propose a university research ethics system framework, 2) to provide a brief anatomy of the Meru University of Science and Technology (MUST) Institutional Research Ethics Review Committee (MIRERC), 3) to perform a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis of MIRERC, and 4) to make recommendations for improving its performance. The 13-member multi-disciplinary MIRERC was established in April 2017 to provide effective ethical oversight of research undertaken by the University’s scholarly community. Strengths of the MUST research ethics review system include a functional MIRERC, a pertinent national law and ethical guidelines, an Innovation and Enterprise Centre that could house a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, and a supportive University Management Board. The weaknesses include lack of graduate schools to assure scientific rigor of proposals before submission to the MIRERC, lack of research ethics training in most school’s curricula, absence of a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, undergraduate research proposals being not ethically reviewed, dearth of faculty trained in research ethics, and lack of an operating budget for MIRERC work. The opportunities include existence of about 22 accredited Institutional Research Ethics Review Committees (IRERC) in Kenya, existence of international standards and operational guidance for ethics review, availability of guidelines and codes of best ethical practices in research, existence of a free automated platform called Research for Health Innovation Organizer (RHInnO) Ethics for managing the ethics review process, and availability of external resources for strengthening IRERCs. In order to improve the performance and sustainability of the MUST research ethics system, there is need to include research ethics training in all undergraduate and post-graduate curricula, create a dynamic database of potential research ethics reviewers, allocate a percentage of the annual MUST research budget for MIRERC operations, charge a graduated fee for proposal ethics review, require all students’ and faculties’ internal and external research proposals be cleared by the MIRERC, and use the RHInnO Ethics platform to manage the ethics review process.

Present Situation and Thinking of the Evaluation and Management of Biomedical Projects in Shenzhen Industrial Park of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Cooperation Zone

Objective To put forward some suggestions for the improvement of the evaluation system of Shenzhen Industrial Park of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Innovation Cooperation Zone by studying the scientific research project evaluation and management system of Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development(AMED).Methods Through literature review,lessons were drawn from the review and management policies and methods of biomedical projects implemented by Japan AMED.Then some reference was provided to the review and management of the projects in Shenzhen Industrial Park.Results and Conclusion A basic review framework has been set up in Shenzhen Industrial Park,which consists of scientific research management institution of Shenzhen Industrial Park,Third-Party Review Institution and Science Committee.However,there are three problems in this system:unclear selection criteria of review experts,insufficient supervision and lack of project evaluation standards.These problems can be solved by establishing an expert think tank,setting up graded project supervisors to have the dynamic monitoring,and developing a general evaluation scale for evaluating scientific research projects in Shenzhen Industrial Park.

Thoughts on the Professional Training of Scientific and Technological Management Team of High-level Talents in Provincial Agricultural Research Institutes

From two aspects:the composition of scientific research management institutions and the tasks undertaken by scientific research management departments,the present situation of scientific and technological management team in agricultural research institutes is expounded.Some problems existed in the scientific and technological management team of provincial agricultural research institutes are analyzed,such as uneven knowledge structure of scientific research management personnel,low degree of specialization,poor stability,lack of professional and systematic job training,etc.Professional development countermeasures are proposed,such as optimizing the structure of scientific research management team,establishing a professional management system with the characteristics of agricultural scientific research institutions,formulating corresponding evaluation mechanism for scientific research management personnel,and strengthening the training of agricultural scientific research management personnel.

HOW TO PUSH FORWARD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA—ABOUT RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION

It is out of question that China has achieved considerable advancements in science and technology. The worldwide spread of ＂Made in China＂ that gets on the western countries＇ nerves is a good illustration. However, although comparatively better than some other developing countries, we have to face the situation that science and technology in such a great nation as China is still seriously lagged behind, lacking great breakthroughs and top-ranking masters and leaders. That＇s why we feel uneasy in front of international colleagues.

农业科研院所科技成果转化路径探索——以新疆农业科学院为例

农业科研院所作为农业科技成果的摇篮,其科技成果转化情况关系着区域农业经济的高质量发展。文章以新疆农业科学院为例,分析了当前农业科技成果产出和转化情况,找出影响农业科技成果转化发展的关键问题,从成果源头创新、政策体系建设、专项资金支持、转化平台建设、专业队伍建设和丰富转化方式六个方面提出了农业科研院所“六强化、六保障”的科技成果转化路径,以期加快推进农业科技成果转化。

科技金融对企业科技创新的影响——以东北地区为例

科技创新是经济增长的第一生产力,科技金融能够有效推动企业创新与科技研发,是经济发展的重要基石。以东北地区为例,分析科技金融对企业创新的影响机制,绘制散点图,发现科技金融能够通过优化企业资本结构,提高科技创新研发投入,分散企业风险,降低金融交易成本,营造良好创业环境,提高企业创新效率,推动企业科技创新发展。完善科技创新配套财政支持,强化高新技术产业建设,健全科技金融融资体系,提升科技金融服务与创新能力等能有效助力东北地区的科技创新与经济发展。

辽宁省科技成果转化存在的问题及对策研究

在国家创新驱动的发展国策下,科技成果转化日益成为促进区域经济发展的重要引擎,党和国家的政策也明确指出了科技创新和经济相结合的发展方向,因此,科技成果转化作为两者的结合点被提上了日程,成为制约区域经济发展的重要环节。然而,辽宁在科技资源分配及产学研协调沟通机制上存在不足,导致辽宁科技创新成果的本地转化率并不高,这在一定程度上限制了辽宁经济的增长。基于此,本文通过梳理科技创新价值链和科技成果转化过程研究,剖析辽宁省科技成果转化存在的问题,并根据辽宁的实际情况和区域特色,构建具有辽宁地方特色的科技成果转化模式,期望能够引领地区产业发展,提高区域科技创新能力,有效促进科技成果本地转化。

“十三五”国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项科技布局及评述

本文旨在介绍和评估国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项在渔业领域科技创新方面的实施情况,并展望我国渔业发展的未来趋势。通过对重点专项的任务布局、项目经费概况、项目分布情况、承担与参与单位(人员)情况进行详细梳理和分析,概括和评述专项实施特点和项目成效。分析显示,该专项具有系统性布局、重点领域突破、产业链协同创新、产业环节差异性布局等特点。在种质创制、健康养殖、资源养护、友好捕捞、流通加工等五大产业需求上取得了系列重要成果,显著提高了我国渔业科技创新水平。基于“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项的实施成效,我国渔业科技创新在“十四五”期间及以后将更加注重拓展水产养殖新空间,发展生态健康养殖模式和智慧渔业,提高养殖设施和装备水平,提升加工综合水平,加快冷链物流建设,高标准建设现代化海洋牧场等领域。这将有助于进一步优化优质蛋白食品产业结构,合理开发和综合利用淡水和海洋资源,推动我国渔业持续健康发展。

聚焦产业科技创新 支撑区域农业高质量发展

省级农业科研院所是我国农业科技创新体系的重要组成部分,在支撑区域农业高质量发展中发挥着不可替代的作用。在新的历史时期,如何进一步明晰发展定位,持续提升服务区域社会经济发展能力是摆在省级农业科研院所面前的一个重要课题。文章以河南省农业科学院为例,系统梳理了支撑区域农业发展的成效、创新做法等,剖析了现阶段省级农业科研院所面临的主要困难,进一步提出推动省级农业科研院所可持续发展,加快构建“梯次分明、分工协作、适度竞争”的农业科技创新体系的政策建议。

新时代背景下新疆农业科研院校科技成果转化管理运行体制机制研究

高效的管理运行体制机制是保障和助推科技成果转化的关键。文章在进行典型农业科研院校调研的基础上,分析了当前新疆农业科研院校科技成果转化管理运行体制机制现状,查找出其在运行中存在的问题,结合国内外经验和做法,对新疆农业科研院校科技成果转化管理运行体制机制进行优化,形成以市场需求为导向的科技成果创新机制、以企业发展需求为导向的协同转化机制、以知识价值为导向的成果转化激励机制、以风险防范为导向的政策服务保障机制和以成果转化为目标的人才队伍建设机制等,以进一步完善新疆农业科研院校科技成果转化管理运行体系,为农业新质生产力推动农业产业发展提供保障。

农业科研院所科技服务体系创新发展路径--以江苏省农业科学院亚夫科技服务体系为例

农业科技服务是推动农业科技成果转化运用,促进农业农村科技水平提升的有效途径。文章介绍了江苏省农业科学院“亚夫科技服务体系”有关机制,从以支持鼓励为动力建立农业科技服务激励机制、以产业需求为导向构建农业科技转化服务平台和以农民增收为核心设立农业科技服务评价体系等方面提出了农业科研院所科技服务体系创新发展路径,以期为科教单位开展农业科技服务及有关管理工作提供借鉴。

依托一流工程学科建设高校科技智库的难点、路径和策略

科技智库是支撑国家科技决策的重要力量,近年来科技智库的建设在全球范围内得到越来越多的重视和加强,其中依托高校成立的科技智库占据重要地位。全球高校科技智库越来越聚焦专业技术领域政策研究,理工类学科在科技智库建设和发展中发挥的作用愈加凸显。高水平研究型大学是国家科技创新体系中的重要力量,依托高校建设科技智库既是国家加强高端智库建设的需要,也应成为高校服务国家战略的自觉追求。本研究基于国外高校科技智库发展趋势,针对我国目前依托高校一流工程学科建设科技智库的难点,深入阐述破解发展难题的路径和策略。

创新链视角下地方公益农业类科研机构创新效率测度研究

文章基于创新链理论,将公益农业类科研机构划分为科技研发阶段和成果转化阶段,采用DEA-Malquist指数法测算2011—2020年21家福建省属公益农业类科研机构不同阶段科技创新效率。结果表明:10年间,科技研发阶段和成果转化阶段的创新效率均表现为退步状态,科技研发阶段创新效率下降5.10%,成果转化阶段下降3.20%,可见两阶段均有较大提升空间;21家机构不同阶段创新效率差距明显,47.62%的机构科技研发效率处于退步状态,创新指数最大差距达0.756,38.10%的机构成果转化效率处于退步状态,创新指数最大差距达0.919;机构创新发展模式差距大,23.81%为集约型,9.52%为粗放型,28.57%为研发高效-转化低效型,38.10%为研发低效-转化高效型。在此基础上,结合加快推进科技政策创新、科技体制改革等外部因素,引导机构形成学科布局、技术积累与产业经济发展格局相适应科研组织模式等内部因素,分类提出有针对性的对策建议。

日本国立丰桥技术科学大学有组织科研的发展动因、平台构建与运行策略

为更好地解决经济社会发展面临的现实问题、满足紧迫需求,高职院校推进有组织科研刻不容缓。在日本,以丰桥技术科学大学为代表的职业本科大学通过跨学科科研平台的实践探索,在有组织科研方面取得了显著成绩。为应对日本社会和人才需求、国家战略定位等外部环境的变化,丰桥技术科学大学以技术科学与创新研究院(RITI)为主体构建了综合性的跨学科科研平台,围绕跨学科科研平台的目标确立、内部协作、外部支持、科研成果管理等方面形成了相对完善的运行保障体系。借鉴丰桥技术科学大学跨学科组织实践的成功经验,我国高职院校推进有组织科研应以服务区域产业发展为目标,明晰高职院校有组织科研功能定位;以组织机构建设为基础,搭建高职院校有组织科研创新平台;以参与主体内部协同为关键,创设高职院校有组织科研创新场域;以配套制度改革为牵引,夯实高职院校有组织科研保障体系。

黑龙江省省属科研院所在区域创新体系中的作用

随着我国经济社会发展进入新阶段,作为区域创新体系的重要组成部分,地方科研院所的发展定位、发展方式、发展路径也应有所调整。从产业共性技术研究的角度出发,对处于新发展阶段的省属科研院所的发展前景进行准确定义,同时结合相关研究客观分析省属科研院所的优劣势,为省属科研院所未来发展规划了三条可行的发展路径。

论水利科技的法律规制

从法律规制的角度看,水利科技研究目的可以概括为合法合理合规治水用水,维护国家水安全,促进国家可持续发展。水利科技研发机构具有研究课题自主选择权、依法提供技术服务、获得捐赠奖励、有偿转让水利科技成果、特别豁免权等主要法律权利,同时赋有积极促进科技成果转化、提供公共科技供给和应急科技支撑、开展水利科普活动、建立健全水利科技资源开放共享机制、保存管理科技档案、加强水利科技保密工作的法律义务。水利科技人员具备署名权、登记申请权、收益分配权、兼职权、特别豁免权等法律权利,应当履行弘扬科学家精神、恪守科研诚信原则、遵守学术规范、履行竞业禁止的义务。水利科技违法行为将会导致行政法律责任、民事法律责任和刑事法律责任。

中央苏区农业科技的研究与推广

发展农业生产不仅需要开展土地革命来激发苏区群众的积极性,还需要以农业科技的研究与推广来提高农业生产力水平。在中央苏区,中国共产党和苏维埃政府创办农事试验场、农业学校和农产品展览所,研究农业科学技术,在选育优良品种、改良土壤、防治病虫害、兴修水利、改良农具、植树造林等方面积极推广新技术和新经验,取得了很好的成效。农业科技的研究与推广,在解决中央苏区粮食安全等方面发挥了重要作用,这是中国共产党领导农业科技事业的开端。