Analysis software for upper atmospheric data developed by the IUGONET project and its application to polar science

To comprehensively understand the Arctic and Antarctic upper atmosphere, it is often crucial to analyze various data that are obtained from many regions. Infrastructure that promotes such interdisciplinary studies on the upper atmosphere has been developed by a Japanese inter-university project called the Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global Observation Network （1UGONET）. The objective of this paper is to describe the infrastructure and tools developed by IUGONET. We focus on the data analysis software. It is written in Interactive Data Language （IDL） and is a plug-in for the THEMIS Data Analysis Software suite （TDAS）, which is a set of IDL libraries used to visualize and analyze satellite- and ground-based data. We present plots of upper atmospheric data provided by IUGONET as examples of applications, and verify the usefulness of the software in the study of polar science. We discuss IUGONET＇s new and unique developments, i.e., an executable file of TDAS that can run on the IDL Virtual Machine, IDL routines to retrieve metadata from the IUGONET database, and an archive of 3-D simulation data that uses the Common Data Format so that it can easily be used with TDAS.

THE BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF CHANGCHUN JINGYUETAN OPEN REMOTE SENSING STUDY AND TEST SITE OF THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

In 1979, the Changchun Jingyuetan Remote Sensing Study and Test Site (RSSTS)began its work, and it was formally established in 1985. The RSSTS is subordinated the Changchun Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences and is supported by the Changchun Institute of Geography and Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Machnics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is under the management of the Resource & Environment Bureau of Chinese Academy of Sciences and it is the study base of remote sensing basis and application tests in China. The RSSTS is situated in the Jingyuetan scenic spot of the suburbs of Changchun City, Jilin Province. It is located at 43°40′—43°50′N and 125°18′-125°18′E.

Foreign Exchange and Cooperation in Human Rights Education——A Case Study of the China University of Political Science and Law

Exchange and cooperation in the field of human rights education, between higher education and research institutions in the Chinese mainland and foreign human rights institutions and relevant international organizations, are an important aspect of human rights exchange and cooperation between the Chinese mainland and foreign countries. The China University of Political Science and Law is the first university in the mainland to establish the human rights law discipline and one of the first national human rights education and training bases, playing an exemplary and leading role in the field of human rights education and foreign exchange and cooperation. Summaries and analyses of the background, objectives,

Double-row repair of rotator cuff tears: Comparing tendon contact area between techniques

BACKGROUND In rotator cuff repair surgery,the double-row technique is widely performed.Studies have shown that with increased contact area and pressure between tendon and bone interface,better healing is promoted.AIM To assess the different suture configurations with the double-row technique and how this influences the contact area of the rotator cuff tendon to bone.METHODS This was a controlled laboratory study where identical tears were created in 24 fresh porcine shoulders over a 1.5 cm×2.5 cm infraspinatus insertion footprint.Double-row repair techniques,with 3 to 4-suture anchors in different configurations(2 medial,2 lateral vs 2 medial,1 lateral vs 1 medial,2 lateral),were employed for three control groups.Each group consisted of eight shoulders with identical repair configurations.Footprint contact areas of the repaired tendon against the tuberosity were determined using pressure sensitive Fujifilm placed between the tendon and tuberosity.RESULTS The mean contact area between tendon and insertion footprint from the imprinted Fujifilm was obtained using computer software.The contact area measured from a standard 4-suture anchor double row repair was 75.1±9.3 mm2,whereas areas obtained for the 2 lateral-1 medial and 2 medial-1 lateral anchor configurations were 72.9±5.2 mm2 and 75.0±4.9 mm2 respectively.No statistical significance was noted between the three groups.CONCLUSION In the technique of double-row repair,using a 3-suture anchor configuration may offer a non-inferior alternative to the standard 4-anchor construct in terms of efficacy.This may also result in overall cost reduction and shorter surgical time.

Effect of dexamethasone on intelligence and hearing in preterm infants: a meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE： A meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials investigating the long- term effect of dexamethasone on the nervous system of preterm infants. DATA SOURCES： Online literature retrieval was conducted using The Cochrane Library （from January 1993 to June 2013）, EMBASE （from January 1980 to June 2013）, MEDLINE （from Janu- ary 1963 to June 2013）, OVID （from January 1993 to June 2013）, Springer （from January 1994 to June 2013） and Chinese Academic Journal Full-text Database （from January 1994 to June 2013）. Key words were preterm infants and dexamethasone in English and Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： Selected studies were randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of intravenous dexamethasone in preterm infants. The quality of the included papers was evaluated and those without the development of the nervous system and animal experiments were exclud- ed. Quality assessment was performed through bias risk evaluation in accordance with Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 software in the Cochrane Collaboration. The homogeneous studies were analyzed and compared using Revman 5.2.6 software, and then effect model was selected and analyzed. Those papers failed to be included in the meta-analysis were subjected to descriptive analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Nervous system injury in preterm infants. RESULTS： Ten randomized controlled trials were screened, involving 1,038 subjects. Among them 512 cases received dexamethasone treatment while 526 cases served as placebo control group and blank control group. Meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of cerebral palsy, visual im- pairment and hearing loss in preterm infants after dexamethasone treatment within 7 days after birth was similar to that in the control group （RR = 1.47, 95%CI： 0.97-2.21; RR = 1.46, 95%CI： 0.97-2.20; RR = 0.80, 95%CI： 0.54-1.18; P 〉 0.05）, but intelligence quotient was significantly de- creased compared with the control group （MD = -3.55, 95%CI： -6.59 to -0.51; P = 0.02）. Prete rm infants treated with dexamethasone 7 days after birth demonstrated an incidence of cerebral palsy and visual impairment, and changes in intelligence quotient similar to those in the control group （RR = 1.26, 95%CI： 0.89-1.79; RR = 1.37, 95%CI： 0.73-2.59; RR = 0.53, 95%CI： 0.32-0.89; RR = 1.66, 95%CI： -4.7 to 8.01; P 〉 0.05）. However, the incidence of hearing loss was significantly increased compared with that in the control group （RR = 0.53, 95%CI： 0.32-0.89; P = 0.02）. CONCLUSION： Dexamethasone may affect the intelligence of preterm infants in the early stages after birth, but may lead to hearing impairment at later stages after birth. More reliable conclusions should be made through large-size, multi-center, well-designed randomized controlled trials.

Sialic acid accelerates the electrophoretic velocity of injured dorsal root ganglion neurons

Peripheral nerve injury has been shown to result in ectopic spontaneous discharges on soma and injured sites of sensory neurons, thereby inducing neuropathic pain. With the increase of membrane proteins on soma and injured site neurons, the negatively charged sialic acids bind to the external domains of membrane proteins, resulting in an increase of this charge. We therefore speculate that the electrophoretic velocity of injured neurons may be faster than non-injured neurons. The present study established rat models of neuropathic pain via chronic constriction injury. Results of the cell electrophoresis test revealed that the electrophoretic velocity of injured neuronal cells was faster than that of non-injured （control） cells. We then treated cells with divalent cations of Ca2＋ and organic compounds with positive charges, polylysine to counteract the negatively charged sialic acids, or neuraminidase to specifically remove sialic acids from the membrane surface of injured neurons. All three treatments significantly reduced the electrophoretic velocity of injured neuronal cells. These findings suggest that enhanced sialic acids on injured neurons may accelerate the electrophoretic velocity of injured neurons.

Public Reaction to Scientific Research via Twitter Sentiment Prediction

Purpose:Social media users share their ideas,thoughts,and emotions with other users.However,it is not clear how online users would respond to new re search outcomes.This study aims to predict the nature of the emotions expressed by Twitter users toward scientific publications.Additionally,we investigate what features of the research articles help in such prediction.Identifying the sentiments of research articles on social media will help scientists gauge a new societal impact of their research articles.Design/methodology/appro ach:Several tools are used for sentiment analysis,so we applied five sentiment analysis tools to check which are suitable for capturing a tweet’s sentiment value and decided to use NLTK VADER and TextBlob.We segregated the sentiment value into negative,positive,and neutral.We measure the mean and median of tweets’sentiment value for research articles with more than one tweet.We next built machine learning models to predict the sentiments of tweets related to scientific publications and investigated the essential features that controlled the prediction models.Findings:We found that the most important feature in all the models was the sentiment of the research article title followed by the author count.We observed that the tree-based models performed better than other classification models,with Random Forest achieving 89%accuracy for binary clas sification and 73%accuracy for three-label clas sification.Research limitations:In this research,we used state-of-the-art sentiment analysis libraries.However,these libraries might vary at times in their sentiment prediction behavior.Tweet sentiment may be influenced by a multitude of circumstances and is not always immediately tied to the paper’s details.In the future,we intend to broaden the scope of our research by employing word2 vec models.Practical implications:Many studies have focused on understanding the impact of science on scientists or how science communicators can improve their outcomes.Research in this area has relied on fewer and more limited measures,such as citations and user studies with small datasets.There is currently a critical need to find novel methods to quantify and evaluate the broader impact of research.This study will help scientists better comprehend the emotional impact of their work.Additionally,the value of understanding the public’s interest and reactions helps science communicators identify effective ways to engage with the public and build positive connections between scientific communities and the public.Originality/value:This study will extend work on public engagement with science,sociology of science,and computational social science.It will enable researchers to identify areas in which there is a gap between public and expert understanding and provide strategies by which this gap can be bridged.

Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science

重点词汇1.cook n.厨师v.烹饪;煮The onions made the cook’s eyes water.洋葱头刺激得厨师两眼流泪。He cooked lunch for me.他给我做的午餐。拓展(1)cooking n.烹饪;烹调(2)cooker n.厨灶,炉具2.violinist n.小提琴手Rose’s father is a violinist.罗斯的父亲是一位小提琴手。-ist:表示人的名词后缀,如:pianist n.钢琴家scientist n.科学家3.driver n.驾驶员;司机She climbed into the driver’s seat.她爬上了驾驶座。加-er,-or后缀可表示人,如:doctor n.医生actor n.演员engineer n.工程师worker n.

《I am going to study computer science.》教学设计

1教学内容人教版初中八年级上Unit 6《I am going to study computer science.》第一课时2教学目标2.1讨论自己理想的职业并掌握本课的重要单词:computer programmer,engineer,doctor,pilot,cook,scientist,actor,basketball player,teacher,driver,pianist,violinist,2.2掌握本课的重要短语:grow up,take acting lessons,study computer science,study math really hard,practice basketball…2.