Ecological Environment Monitoring Station of Yanshan Branch,Wenshan Prefecture Ecological Environment Bureau,Yunnan Province,Yanshan 663100,China

How ecological environmental monitoring provides scientific and technological strength for ecological environmental management was studied.In recent years,the Ecological Environment Monitoring Station of Yanshan Branch,Wenshan Prefecture Ecological Environment Bureau,Yunnan Province has developed into a provincial environmental education base,a provincial science education base,and a national environmental protection facility open to the public by relying on monitoring equipment and facilities,personnel training,monitoring and law enforcement interaction,analysis of abnormal data,and countermeasures and suggestions were put forward for the problems in the development.

《Agricultural Science & Technology》综合影响力分析

从引证指标、网络传播情况以及作者构成等方面阐述《Agricultural Science & Technology》改革后的综合影响力。

On the Experience, Problems in Science and Technology Services of Basic Scientific Research Institutes and Suggestions——Taking Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Areas of Jiangsu as an Example

Taking the Jiangsu Province as Zhenjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Areas of an example, the paper elaborated the advanced practices of agricultural research institutes in agricultural science and technology services and analyzed the difficulties and solutions in the services. process of science and technologyservices.

数字化转型下医工交叉型工程技术研究中心科研管理实践

聚焦“以数字技术为支撑”的医工交叉型工程技术研究中心,以“上海结构性心脏病虚拟现实工程技术研究中心”为例,从“组织结构、合作模式、成果转化、管理成效”等方面探讨数字化转型下其科研管理的实践。研究表明,优化组织结构、深化合作模式、完善成果转化机制,有助于提升医工交叉型工程技术研究中心科研管理效能、强化科研综合水平。

Patent Citations Analysis and Its Value in Research Evaluation： A Review and a New Approach to Map Technology-relevant Research

Purpose： First, to review the state-of-the-art in patent citation analysis, particularly characteristics of patent citations to scientific literature （scientific non-patent references, SNPRs）. Second, to present a novel mapping approach to identify technology-relevant research based on the papers cited by and referring to the SNPRs. Design/methodology/approach： In the review part we discuss the context of SNPRs such as the time lags between scientific achievements and inventions. Also patent-to-patent citation is addressed particularly because this type of patent citation analysis is a major element in the assessment of the economic value of patents. We also review the research on the role of universities and researchers in technological development, with important issues such as universities as sources of technological knowledge and inventor-author relations. We conclude the review part of this paper with an overview of recent research on mapping and network analysis of the science and technology interface and of technological progress in interaction with science. In the second part we apply new techniques for the direct visualization of the cited and citing relations of SNPRs, the mapping of the landscape around SNPRs by bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis, and the mapping of the conceptual environment of SNPRs by keyword co-occurrence analysis. Findings： We discuss several properties of SNPRs. Only a small minority of publications covered by the Web of Science or Scopus are cited by patents, about 3%-4%. However, for publications based on university-industry collaboration the number of SNPRs is considerably higher, around 15%. The proposed mapping methodology based on a ＂second order SNPR approach＂ enables a better assessment of the technological relevance of research. Research limitations： The main limitation is that a more advanced merging of patent and publication data, in particular unification of author and inventor names, in still a necessity. Practical implications： The proposed mapping methodology enables the creation of a database of technology-relevant papers （TRPs）. In a bibliometric assessment the publications of research groups, research programs or institutes can be matched with the TRPs and thus the extent to which the work of groups, programs or institutes are relevant for technological development can be measured. Originality/value： The review part examines a wide range of findings in the research of patent citation analysis. The mapping approach to identify a broad range of technologyrelevant papers is novel and offers new opportunities in research evaluation practices.

Application of unmanned underwater vehicles in polar research

The importance of polar ice as vital components of the global ocean-climate system is widely recognized.In this paper,we demonstrate the importance and urgency of polar research,describe the primary characteristics of sea ice and ice shelves,and outline the current status and difficulties associated with sub-ice research.We highlight the importance of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles(UUVs)as important tools for oceanographic research.We present recent progress in UUV deployment in sub-ice research in the Arctic and the Antarctic,and review the latest international developments in UUV structure,navigation,payload,and field operation.Moreover,Chinese polar UUVs and their deployments in the polar regions are presented in detail.Key technologies and solutions regarding polar application of UUVs(e.g.,sub-ice navigation and positioning,energy supply and data transmission,and sub-ice guidance and recovery)are discussed.Given the current worldwide attention on polar science,the potential future directions of UUV-related polar research(e.g.,observations under Antarctic ice shelves,long-range surveys beneath Arctic sea ice and application of intelligent technology)are discussed.

The pulsed high magnetic field facility and scientific research at Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center

Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center(WHMFC)at Huazhong University of Science and Technology is one of the top-class research centers in the world,which can offer pulsed fields up to 90.6 T with different field waveforms for scientific research and has passed the final evaluation of the Chinese government in 2014.This paper will give a brief introduction of the facility and the development status of pulsed magnetic fields research at WHMFC.In addition,it will describe the application development of pulsed magnetic fields in both scientific and industrial research.

Comprehensive Assessment of Urbanization Coordination:A Case Study of Jiangxi Province, China

In order to make assessment on urbanization coordination, we developed a comprehensive model by integrating entropy weight method(EWM), coupling degree model(CDM), coupling coordination degree model(CCDM), multi-index grading method(MIGM) and Remote Sensing & Geographic Information System(RS & GIS) technology. Then we applied this integrated model to a case study in Jiangxi Province, China. Our study finds that: 1) EWM, CDM and CCDM can evaluate the temporal dynamic of urbanization. Urbanization process of Jiangxi Province can be divided into three periods, the stable development period(1990–2001), the accelerated development period(2002–2009) and the rapid development period(2010–2015). Coordinated development of urbanization in Jiangxi Province can be divided into two phases, an increasingly coordinated phase(1990–2003) and an increasingly incongruous phase(2003–2015). The state transition was due to low development rate of population urbanization. 2) RS & GIS technology is an effective tool for detecting urban growth. Urban construction land area of Jiangxi Province increased from 615.8 km^2 in 1990 to 2896.8 km^2 in2015, and the per capita urban construction land area(PCUCLA) reached 122.9 m^2, with the maximum value of 343 m^2 in Gongqingcheng City. 3) MIGM and RS & GIS technology can analyze spatial difference of urbanization. There is a significant spatial difference in socioeconomic development at county scale, with the maximum value six times the minimum value for both PCUCLA and per capita GDP in 2015. Population urbanization lag and excessive land use are the main reasons for uncoordinated urbanization. There were 15 counties with a lag in demographic urbanization and 33 counties where PCUCLA exceeded the national standard in 2015, among which 20 exceeded the national standard of PCUCLA by 50%(≥165 m^2). Since there are significant spatio-temporal differences in urbanization, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive assessment to facilitate differential urbanization strategy making.

Scientific Drilling-to Construct the Telescopes that Inserting to the Earth Interior

Mankind live in the earth for countless years, but until now;people do not really understand the connotation of the Earth. We know that the earth composition including the lithosphere, the asthenosphere, mantle and core. Of course, the lithosphere supports all the life on Earth. For a long time, geoscientists trying to use all kind of methods such as geological, geophysical and geochemical methods to detect and study the earth, but the knowledge about earth are mostly indirect. Through the direct observation to the lithosphere, people can understand and recognize the plate movement of ocean and the mainland, crustal stress, earthquakes, volcanic processes, deep resources, the origins of life, global climate change and biodiversity. They are all the basis of a series of geosciences problems(Su and Yang, 2010). Geological specimens, especially the true samples from deep of the Earth, are the most directly study subjects for geologists. But the only way to access the true samples from deep of the earth is drilling. The most directly relevant evidence always originated from the deep of the earth, such as core, cuttings, fluid samples and other physical samples. Continental scientific drilling has been demonstrated which is an efficient technique for directly obtaining information from the Earth’s surface to the deep crust, and is acknowledged as ―to build a telescope inserting to the interior of the Earth‖, as well as ―a key for opening the door of the Earth‖. Over the last four decades, continental scientific drilling has achieved great success in enhancing our knowledge of the Earth, and in providing information on mineral resources, large engineering projects and global change. SinoProbe-05 is a new scientific drilling venture,which builds on the success of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project(CCSD), and is similar to the current major scientific drilling project on the Wenchuan earthquake fault. SinoProbe-05 will focus on 6 critical tectonic and mineral resource regions, including the Jinchuan Cu-Ni sulphide deposits in Gansu, the Luobusa chromite deposits in Tibet, the Tengchong volcano-thermal tectonic zone in Yunnan, the Yudu-Ganxian polymetallic deposits in South China, the Tongling polymetallic deposit and the Luzong volcanic basin and mineral deposit district in Anhui. As of the end of 2013, all of these pilot holes have been completed, all of them have achieved the desired scientific objectives. The construction of another ICDP project, Songke No.2 well, has come to an end. Current well depth is 5929 m. Drilling throughout the Cretaceous strata is just around the corner(The design well depth is 6400 m.). This will be the first complete Cretaceous stratigraphic profile in the world. The deep exploration project which will be stared soon will build a large number of different depths of scientific drilling holes. The deepest hole depth will reach to 13000 m. We believe that the construction of these scientific coring drilling holes will provide geologists with a lot of real core samples. These cores can meet the needs for different geoscience research areas. No doubt, the research results based on these cores will promote China’s geological science research to a new height, of course;will also contribute to the progress of the world’s earth science. This is also a good opportunity to promote China’s drilling technology. So, we know that no advanced drilling technology, no enough high quality samples from the deep of the Earth, the in-depth studies for geosciences will be restricted of course(Zhang et al., 2013).

Review on the Collation of Premodern Chinese Sources on Science and Technology

As a long-standing ancient civilization with a history of several thousand years,China has contributed a large number of technological inventions and scientific discoveries to human culture.Among the vast number of printed books and other documents handed down to the present-day in China,there are many on science and technology.It is an essential task to collate these works,and thus lay a foundation for historical research into them,as well as make them more readily available to the outside world.

作价入股推进医院科技成果转化的探讨

以上海的医院为例,通过梳理医院科技成果转化作价入股的政策和现状,剖析当前实施中存在的主要困难,并提出相应的应对策略,以期打通医院作价入股实施科技成果转化的链路,助力实现创新驱动发展战略的实行。

A Decade of Scien tific and Tech no logical Inno vati on at Chin ese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College:Retrospect and Prospect

Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and optimizing the ecosystem of science and technology innovation,this article summarizes the highlights of CAMS & PUMC’s efforts in safeguarding people’ s health and promoting the Healthy China 2030 strategy through scientific and technological innovation in the fields including basic research,disease prevention and treatment,and medical technology in the past ten years.These achievements embody the endeavors and responsibility of CAMS& PUMC in realizing self-reliance and self-improvement of Chinese medical science and technology and highlight its contributions to the development of medical science and technology of China.

Industrialized Development Models of Agricultural Scientific and Technological Achievements

Industrialization of agricultural scientific and technological achievements has become an extremely important part in agricultural structural adjustment and agricultural economic development. Basic models for industrialization of China's agricultural scientific and technological achievements should be:( i) integrating scientific and technological development and production relying on large enterprises;( ii) integrating scientific research and development with agricultural scientific and technological achievements and scientific research institutions as support;( iii) spindle type transformation;( vi) agricultural scientific and technological demonstration area;( v) technology extension network.

Risks in the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements concerning Tropical Agriculture

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture has the characteristics of high risk and high return. Based on the characteristics of transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture,this paper analyzes the risk factors during the transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture. In accordance with the current situation of low transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture in China,this paper proposes the measures to avoid the risks in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture and enhance the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture.

Ecological Risk Assessment of Shan Xin Mining Area Based on Remote Sensing and Geography Information System Technology

In this paper, introducing new remote sensing and geographic information technology to solve the problem of data collection and analysis, this makes the study of ecological risk assessment very quick and accurate. Taking the Shan Xin mining area of the tin mine in Lengshuijiang of Hunan Province as the research object, using the remote sensing image data of three periods in 2005, 2010 and 2015, the remote sensing image is classified carefully and the landscape classification map of the mining area is obtained. The ecological risk index is introduced and the ecological risk values are sampled and interpolated on the ArcGIS platform. The ecological risk spatial distribution map based on the landscape pattern index was obtained. The ecological risk was divided into 5 levels by using the Jenks natural classification method, and each ecological risk grade area was counted. The research results show that: from year 2005 to year 2010, landscape ecological risk trend of the mining area is growing up;the trend rising area of landscape ecological risk is mainly in the southwest and northeast of the Shan Xin mining field;the area of higher and high ecological risk is increasing year by year;and the trend of dispersed development in space is obvious;the development trend of ecological risk in the mining area is rapidly increasing;in 2010 - 2015, the higher and high ecological risk area decrease slightly with the increasing of area of grassland and residential low vulnerability of landscape types;the ecological risk area showed a slow decreasing trend. The research results provide an objective reference for decision making of ecological environment governance.

An empowerment evaluation framework for national scientific and technical information governance

‘Empowerment’is the result of pursuing special capabilities under a specific value orientation.The changes in related object capabilities triggered by scientific and technical information activities in the new environment are important to the national scientific and technical(S&T)information governance.Based on the empowerment theories and evaluation practices,this study attempts to construct an empowerment evaluation framework for national S&T information governance and takes the participatory technology assessment and Altmetrics methods as examples to demonstrate its advantages:1)The capability changes and development potential are regarded as important basis for evaluation;2)The multi-person participation and multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method is conducive to the democratic and objective nature of science and technology information governance policy formulation.

科学与技术耦合效果评价——科技互补效应和成本效应分析

考虑到当前创新环境日益复杂化,科学与技术耦合系统已成为一个受系统内外因共同影响而发生演化的开放系统。在为耦合系统构建状态空间模型的基础上,通过求解该模型,刻画科学技术化强度和技术科学化强度,据此分析科学与技术互动产生的互补效应和成本效应,评价29个省份的科学与技术耦合效果,并测度地区科技发展所属耦合路径类型。研究表明,不同省份推进科学技术化进程和技术科学化进程的差异性显著;科学与技术耦合效果最佳并不能说明地区科技发展速度最快;绝大多数省份的科技耦合路径表现为科技中立路径,占比最小的路径为技术强势路径。基于不同省份的耦合情况差异,提出针对性建议。

Progress of Deep Geological Survey Project under the China Geological Survey

Serving as a way to understand the material composition,structure,and dynamic process of the Earth's interior,deep earth exploration is driven by not only mankind's pursuit of natural mysteries but also mankind's basic need to obtain resources and guarantee economic and social development.The first phase of deep earth exploration of China(SinoProbe)was carried out from 2008 to 2016 and tremendous results were achieved.In 2016,the China Geological Survey launched a Deep Geological Survey Project(also referred to as the Project)to continuously explore the deep Earth.Focusing on the national energy resources strategy,the Belt and Road Initiative,and major basic issues of the geological survey,the Project was carried out in Songliao Basin(an important energy base in China)and major geological boundaries and tectonic units including Qilian Mountains-Tianshan Mountains and Qinzhou-Hangzhou juncture belt.The purpose of it is to reveal the process,structure,and forming patterns of the deep ore deposits and petroleum reservoirs,clarify the evolutionary pattern and controlling factors of Mesozoic environmental climate,and discover deep fine structures of key orogens,basins,and mountains by comprehensive geophysical exploration and scientific drilling.Great achievements have been obtained after more than three years of efforts,including a cumulative 1552 km of deep seismic reflection profiles and magnetotelluric profiles,an ultra-deep continental scientific crilling well,a scientific drilling pilot hole,and a magnetotelluric array and a portable broadband seismic array,both of which cover South China.Moreover,significant progress has been made in ultra-deep drilling technology,deep oil and gas discovery in Songliao Basin,and basic geological issues of Qilian Orogen and Qinzhou-Hangzhou juncture belt in South China,greatly accelerating the deep earth exploration in China and further consolidating China's position as a power in deep earth exploration.

China＇s S＆T Reform and TFP over Past Four Decades of Reform and Opening-Up

After 40 years of relentless efforts, China＇s reform of the S＆T system has achieved great progress and has invigorated the vibrancy of innovation. As noted in the Report of the 19th CPC National Congress, China should continue reforming its S＆T system, create a market-based innovation system with companies as the backbone and production-education-research integration, support the innovation of SMEs and promote S＆T commercialization. S＆T innovation has yet to play a greater role in supporting economic development. After taking stock of the achievements and challenges of China＇s S＆T reform, this paper puts forward policy recommendations on deepening S＆T reform and implementing an innovation-driven development strategy. Based on China＇s aggregate data of economic development during 1979-2015, this paper employs growth accounting method to estimate the TFP index denoted by the Solow residual. Our research found that since reform and opening up in 1978, China＇s TFP experienced ups and downs and TFP improvement spurred rapid economic development, while capital input remains the primary source of China＇s economic growth. During 2008- 2015, China＇s TFP growth slowed and high capital input coexisted with low productivity and high economic growth.

Design Index and Empirical Analysis of the Evaluation Index System for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Universities in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei

Promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of universities and colleges in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei is an important measure to enhance the level of scientific and technological development in universities, enhance the scientific and technological synergy of Beijing-Tianjiii-Hebei urban agglomeration, practice the coordinated development strategy of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and promote the construction of Xiong'an New District. Based on the scientific and technological input of colleges and universities, the development of science and technology and the output of science and technology, this paper uses Delphi and AHP to construct a Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei University Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Performance Evaluation System from the perspectives of transformation potentials, scientific research activities and achievements transformation of university scientific and technological achievements. An empirical analysis was carried out to provide reference for the government's efficient decision-making and improvement of strategies for transforming scientific and technological achievements in universities.