Objective:To explore the influence of physical exercise,psychological resilience,and peer influence on subjective well-being,and then build a model of moderated mediation.Methods:Physical Activity Rating,Connor Davisi...Objective:To explore the influence of physical exercise,psychological resilience,and peer influence on subjective well-being,and then build a model of moderated mediation.Methods:Physical Activity Rating,Connor Davision Resilience Scale,Peer Influence Scale,and Index of Well-Being were used.This paper investigated 790 undergraduates.Results:(1)Physical exercise has a significant positive predictive effect on subjective well-being(β=0.43,P<0.001);(2)Psychological resilience plays a part in mediating the relationship between physical exercise and subjective well-being.The mediating effect value is 0.18;(3)The relationship between physical exercise and psychological resilience moderated by the peer influence.Compared with the low peer influence(β simple=0.01,t=0.06,P>0.05),physical exercise has a stronger positive predictive effect on psychological resilience in college students with high peer influence(β simple=0.87,t=2.07,P<0.05).Conclusion:Physical exercise affects college students'subjective well-being through psychological resilience,and peer influence moderates the mediating effect of psychological resilience.展开更多
Background: Health promotion for the elderly mainly targets improvements in physical function, and a lack of strengthening of subjective well-being as well as the creation of interaction-providing opportunities for ac...Background: Health promotion for the elderly mainly targets improvements in physical function, and a lack of strengthening of subjective well-being as well as the creation of interaction-providing opportunities for activity and participation has been reported. Evaluations of positive and negative aspects for subjective well-being are needed. Elderly subjects were intervened through a 6-month complex-type program combining amusement and exercise and its influences on subjective well-being and physical and physiological functions were investigated. Methods: Subjects in this survey were 37 healthy elderly females living in M city, Hiroshima Prefecture (age: 69.7 ± 5.9 years old), and the survey was performed between September 2016 and March 2017. The complex-type program comprised amusement and exercise programs. The survey was performed at 4 time points during the intervention period: before the intervention and 1, 3, and 6 months during the intervention. Subjective well-being (Japanese version of the Subjective Well-being Inventory (SUBI): Mental health scores, Mental fatigue scores), salivary amylase levels, and the locomotive syndrome risk test (two-step test, stand-up test, and 25-question risk assessment) were surveyed at each time point. Regarding the duration of the intervention as a factor, changes in salivary amylase levels were analyzed using repeated measures one-way ANOVA and SUBI was tested using the Friedman test (EZR Ver 1.32). In addition, the relationship between the locomotive syndrome risk level and duration of the intervention was examined using Fisher’s test. Results: SUBI and the locomotive syndrome risk level significantly differed with time during the intervention. Slight changes were observed in salivary amylase levels during the intervention. Conclusion: The present results suggest that the complex-type program promoted interactions among community-dwelling elderly subjects and positively influenced the maintenance of and improvements in physical and physiological functions. These changes may be associated with favorable influences on the positive and negative aspects of subjective well-being.展开更多
Aim: To compare diets between obese and non-obese in healthy older subjects. Methods: Forty-five obese and eighty-seven non-obese older subjects were recruited and their habitual factors that may contribute to obesity...Aim: To compare diets between obese and non-obese in healthy older subjects. Methods: Forty-five obese and eighty-seven non-obese older subjects were recruited and their habitual factors that may contribute to obesity were assessed. Intakes of food by food-group in the obesity and non-obesity groups were checked using a visual type presentation of model nutriational balance chart (MNBC). Results: Average intake ratio of food relative to ideal food intake was significantly higher in the obesity group than the non-obesity group. The relationship of obesity and exercise or habitual activities was not significant. Conclusion: Food intake is a primary factor of obesity but regular exercise or habitual activities is not a key factor for obesity in older subjects. Since exercise habit is difficult to achieve in older subjects, particularly those who are obese, food control using the present visualtype MNBC would be one strategy forthe management of obesity.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Facial isometric exercise is a static contraction of facial muscles without any visible movement in the angle of the joints. To examine the effects of facial isometric exercise...<strong>Background:</strong> Facial isometric exercise is a static contraction of facial muscles without any visible movement in the angle of the joints. To examine the effects of facial isometric exercise on subjective stress and oxidative stress/antioxidant capacity. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this study, we included 13 participants (6 males, 7 females;average age, 44.8 ± 19.6 years;age range: 20 - 74 years) who were exposed to constant temperature and humidity in a room. Fifteen minutes after entering the room, the force was measured before and after facial isometric exercise of the target muscles: upper lip levator, small zygomatic, large zygomatic, levator animus, laughing, buccal, muzzle, mental, temporal, masseter, and cervical muscles), and further evaluated by comparing the facial isometric exercise group and control (non-facial isometric exercise) group (crossover test). <strong>Results:</strong> Subjective stress significantly improved by 8.7 ± 16.3 in the facial isometric exercise group, and no significant difference in oxidative stress level was observed in both the groups. However, the antioxidant capacity significantly increased by 126.8 ± 168.1 μmol/l in the facial isometric exercise group. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results of this study suggest that facial isometric exercise is an exercise therapy that can provide mental stability and antiaging effects due to improvement in subjective stress and biological antioxidant potential.展开更多
目的:对妇科癌症幸存者体力活动的相关干预研究进行范围综述,为妇科癌症幸存者体力活动干预方案的构建提供参考。方法:以澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute, JBI)发布的证据整合手册为方法学指导框架,检索PubMed、E...目的:对妇科癌症幸存者体力活动的相关干预研究进行范围综述,为妇科癌症幸存者体力活动干预方案的构建提供参考。方法:以澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute, JBI)发布的证据整合手册为方法学指导框架,检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库(SinoMed)、中国知网、万方及维普等中英文数据库,检索时限为从建库至2023年2月,对纳入文献进行汇总分析。结果:共纳入26篇文献,妇科癌症幸存者体力活动的干预形式以家庭个性化、标准化运动干预结合远程运动指导为主。干预时长多为10~12周或6个月。干预内容以有氧运动、抗阻运动为主。干预结局指标包括病人对干预措施的依从性、病人肌肉力量或体质指数的变化、病人癌因性疲乏程度、病人步行距离以及健康相关生活质量。结论:以家庭为基础的运动干预结合远程辅导,可消除地域限制,提供个性化指导,改善病人预后。未来制订运动方案时需延长干预后随访时间、评估干预效果是否持续以及病人对干预方案的依从性;同时注重增强病人自我效能,提高病人体力活动积极性。展开更多
目的对乳腺癌超重、肥胖患者运动疗法进行范围审查,归纳总结其运动疗法的方案以及应用效果。方法以Arksey等提出的范围综述框架为指导,检索Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、中国生物医学文献服务网、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库,检...目的对乳腺癌超重、肥胖患者运动疗法进行范围审查,归纳总结其运动疗法的方案以及应用效果。方法以Arksey等提出的范围综述框架为指导,检索Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、中国生物医学文献服务网、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库,检索时间为建库至2023年8月5日。对检索文献进行筛选、汇总及分析。结果共纳入18篇文献,分析了乳腺癌超重、肥胖患者运动疗法的干预措施,包括运动的方式、强度、频率、时间及运动的评估、监测、运动的依从性及安全性;结局指标包括活动能力、身体成分、体重、腰围、骨密度、肌肉强度、心肺适应性、生活质量、心理状态等。结论运动疗法对乳腺癌超重、肥胖患者具有良好的应用效果,运动结合营养的跨学科合作具有更好的临床结局。乳腺癌超重、肥胖患者运动安全性及依从性水平有待提高,运动方案缺乏多样化及中国特色;今后临床工作者应注重运动前身体评估,重点制定出一套针对中国乳腺癌超重、肥胖人群的最佳运动干预方案。展开更多
目的探索以执业能力为导向的导师负责制在骨科实习生培养中的应用效果。方法选取2021年9月—2023年6月2021和2022学年“5+3”一体化的60名本科实习生作为研究对象,将2021学年的实习生作为对照组,2022学年的实习生作为研究组,每组30名。...目的探索以执业能力为导向的导师负责制在骨科实习生培养中的应用效果。方法选取2021年9月—2023年6月2021和2022学年“5+3”一体化的60名本科实习生作为研究对象,将2021学年的实习生作为对照组,2022学年的实习生作为研究组,每组30名。对照组采用标准教学模式培养,研究组采用以执业能力为导向的导师负责制模式培养,培养时间为1个月。比较2组实习生的理论和临床考核成绩、迷你临床演练评估量表(mini-clinical evaluation exercise,Mini-CEX)评分、主观-客观-评价-计划(subject-objective-assessmentplan,SOAP)评分、医患沟通技能评价量表(set elicit give understand end framework,SEGUE)评分。结果2组实习生的客观题和临床技能考核成绩比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组实习生的病例分析题成绩、Mini-CEX评分、SOAP评分和SEGUE评分([41.3±3.5)分、(47.9±7.0)分、(74.4±7.7)分、(20.5±3.2)分]高于对照组[(36.8±6.1)分、(36.0±7.0)分、(62.0±7.1)分、(18.1±3.0)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以执业能力为导向的导师负责制能够明显提高骨科实习生的临床诊疗水平,有助于培养出更优秀的医学人才。展开更多
文摘Objective:To explore the influence of physical exercise,psychological resilience,and peer influence on subjective well-being,and then build a model of moderated mediation.Methods:Physical Activity Rating,Connor Davision Resilience Scale,Peer Influence Scale,and Index of Well-Being were used.This paper investigated 790 undergraduates.Results:(1)Physical exercise has a significant positive predictive effect on subjective well-being(β=0.43,P<0.001);(2)Psychological resilience plays a part in mediating the relationship between physical exercise and subjective well-being.The mediating effect value is 0.18;(3)The relationship between physical exercise and psychological resilience moderated by the peer influence.Compared with the low peer influence(β simple=0.01,t=0.06,P>0.05),physical exercise has a stronger positive predictive effect on psychological resilience in college students with high peer influence(β simple=0.87,t=2.07,P<0.05).Conclusion:Physical exercise affects college students'subjective well-being through psychological resilience,and peer influence moderates the mediating effect of psychological resilience.
文摘Background: Health promotion for the elderly mainly targets improvements in physical function, and a lack of strengthening of subjective well-being as well as the creation of interaction-providing opportunities for activity and participation has been reported. Evaluations of positive and negative aspects for subjective well-being are needed. Elderly subjects were intervened through a 6-month complex-type program combining amusement and exercise and its influences on subjective well-being and physical and physiological functions were investigated. Methods: Subjects in this survey were 37 healthy elderly females living in M city, Hiroshima Prefecture (age: 69.7 ± 5.9 years old), and the survey was performed between September 2016 and March 2017. The complex-type program comprised amusement and exercise programs. The survey was performed at 4 time points during the intervention period: before the intervention and 1, 3, and 6 months during the intervention. Subjective well-being (Japanese version of the Subjective Well-being Inventory (SUBI): Mental health scores, Mental fatigue scores), salivary amylase levels, and the locomotive syndrome risk test (two-step test, stand-up test, and 25-question risk assessment) were surveyed at each time point. Regarding the duration of the intervention as a factor, changes in salivary amylase levels were analyzed using repeated measures one-way ANOVA and SUBI was tested using the Friedman test (EZR Ver 1.32). In addition, the relationship between the locomotive syndrome risk level and duration of the intervention was examined using Fisher’s test. Results: SUBI and the locomotive syndrome risk level significantly differed with time during the intervention. Slight changes were observed in salivary amylase levels during the intervention. Conclusion: The present results suggest that the complex-type program promoted interactions among community-dwelling elderly subjects and positively influenced the maintenance of and improvements in physical and physiological functions. These changes may be associated with favorable influences on the positive and negative aspects of subjective well-being.
文摘Aim: To compare diets between obese and non-obese in healthy older subjects. Methods: Forty-five obese and eighty-seven non-obese older subjects were recruited and their habitual factors that may contribute to obesity were assessed. Intakes of food by food-group in the obesity and non-obesity groups were checked using a visual type presentation of model nutriational balance chart (MNBC). Results: Average intake ratio of food relative to ideal food intake was significantly higher in the obesity group than the non-obesity group. The relationship of obesity and exercise or habitual activities was not significant. Conclusion: Food intake is a primary factor of obesity but regular exercise or habitual activities is not a key factor for obesity in older subjects. Since exercise habit is difficult to achieve in older subjects, particularly those who are obese, food control using the present visualtype MNBC would be one strategy forthe management of obesity.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Facial isometric exercise is a static contraction of facial muscles without any visible movement in the angle of the joints. To examine the effects of facial isometric exercise on subjective stress and oxidative stress/antioxidant capacity. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this study, we included 13 participants (6 males, 7 females;average age, 44.8 ± 19.6 years;age range: 20 - 74 years) who were exposed to constant temperature and humidity in a room. Fifteen minutes after entering the room, the force was measured before and after facial isometric exercise of the target muscles: upper lip levator, small zygomatic, large zygomatic, levator animus, laughing, buccal, muzzle, mental, temporal, masseter, and cervical muscles), and further evaluated by comparing the facial isometric exercise group and control (non-facial isometric exercise) group (crossover test). <strong>Results:</strong> Subjective stress significantly improved by 8.7 ± 16.3 in the facial isometric exercise group, and no significant difference in oxidative stress level was observed in both the groups. However, the antioxidant capacity significantly increased by 126.8 ± 168.1 μmol/l in the facial isometric exercise group. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results of this study suggest that facial isometric exercise is an exercise therapy that can provide mental stability and antiaging effects due to improvement in subjective stress and biological antioxidant potential.
文摘目的:对妇科癌症幸存者体力活动的相关干预研究进行范围综述,为妇科癌症幸存者体力活动干预方案的构建提供参考。方法:以澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute, JBI)发布的证据整合手册为方法学指导框架,检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库(SinoMed)、中国知网、万方及维普等中英文数据库,检索时限为从建库至2023年2月,对纳入文献进行汇总分析。结果:共纳入26篇文献,妇科癌症幸存者体力活动的干预形式以家庭个性化、标准化运动干预结合远程运动指导为主。干预时长多为10~12周或6个月。干预内容以有氧运动、抗阻运动为主。干预结局指标包括病人对干预措施的依从性、病人肌肉力量或体质指数的变化、病人癌因性疲乏程度、病人步行距离以及健康相关生活质量。结论:以家庭为基础的运动干预结合远程辅导,可消除地域限制,提供个性化指导,改善病人预后。未来制订运动方案时需延长干预后随访时间、评估干预效果是否持续以及病人对干预方案的依从性;同时注重增强病人自我效能,提高病人体力活动积极性。
文摘目的对乳腺癌超重、肥胖患者运动疗法进行范围审查,归纳总结其运动疗法的方案以及应用效果。方法以Arksey等提出的范围综述框架为指导,检索Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、中国生物医学文献服务网、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库,检索时间为建库至2023年8月5日。对检索文献进行筛选、汇总及分析。结果共纳入18篇文献,分析了乳腺癌超重、肥胖患者运动疗法的干预措施,包括运动的方式、强度、频率、时间及运动的评估、监测、运动的依从性及安全性;结局指标包括活动能力、身体成分、体重、腰围、骨密度、肌肉强度、心肺适应性、生活质量、心理状态等。结论运动疗法对乳腺癌超重、肥胖患者具有良好的应用效果,运动结合营养的跨学科合作具有更好的临床结局。乳腺癌超重、肥胖患者运动安全性及依从性水平有待提高,运动方案缺乏多样化及中国特色;今后临床工作者应注重运动前身体评估,重点制定出一套针对中国乳腺癌超重、肥胖人群的最佳运动干预方案。
文摘目的探索以执业能力为导向的导师负责制在骨科实习生培养中的应用效果。方法选取2021年9月—2023年6月2021和2022学年“5+3”一体化的60名本科实习生作为研究对象,将2021学年的实习生作为对照组,2022学年的实习生作为研究组,每组30名。对照组采用标准教学模式培养,研究组采用以执业能力为导向的导师负责制模式培养,培养时间为1个月。比较2组实习生的理论和临床考核成绩、迷你临床演练评估量表(mini-clinical evaluation exercise,Mini-CEX)评分、主观-客观-评价-计划(subject-objective-assessmentplan,SOAP)评分、医患沟通技能评价量表(set elicit give understand end framework,SEGUE)评分。结果2组实习生的客观题和临床技能考核成绩比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组实习生的病例分析题成绩、Mini-CEX评分、SOAP评分和SEGUE评分([41.3±3.5)分、(47.9±7.0)分、(74.4±7.7)分、(20.5±3.2)分]高于对照组[(36.8±6.1)分、(36.0±7.0)分、(62.0±7.1)分、(18.1±3.0)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以执业能力为导向的导师负责制能够明显提高骨科实习生的临床诊疗水平,有助于培养出更优秀的医学人才。
