An assessment of staffing and training needs for effective delivery of extension services in mainstreaming sustainable land management (SLM) practices in Kilimanjaro Region was conducted in June/July 2013. Data collec...An assessment of staffing and training needs for effective delivery of extension services in mainstreaming sustainable land management (SLM) practices in Kilimanjaro Region was conducted in June/July 2013. Data collection methods included discussions with key informants at the regional and district levels, consultations with village level stakeholders and potential collaborators, review of human resources data both at regional, district and ward levels and collection of individual staff bio-data including capacity deficiencies. The staffing situation at the regional and district levels was considered to be adequate for effective mainstreaming of SLM interventions in the region. Staffing at ward and village levels was very poor and largely inadequate for sustainable execution of extension services. It is optimistically estimated that on average the staffing at ward level needs to be increased by at least 50%. In some districts the deficiency of extension staff at ward level was as high as 80%. Training needs exist at all levels from the region down to community level. At the regional and district levels both long and short term training programs were required. At the community level required training is more practical and purely focused in mainstreaming SLM interventions at individual households and community lands. Potential collaborators with local government were identified in four main categories namely, NGOs/CBOs, private sector, government departments and faith-based organizations. The study recommends a capacity building program on specific knowledge gaps identified at regional, district, ward and village levels. The study further recommends that immediate measures need to be taken by the district authorities to address the staffing problem at ward level including recruitment of volunteers and developing collaboration framework with identified potential partners.展开更多
With constant deepening of development outlook of urban and rural integration,education circle starts to attach great importance to reform of personnel training program.Since scarcity of land resource and key role of ...With constant deepening of development outlook of urban and rural integration,education circle starts to attach great importance to reform of personnel training program.Since scarcity of land resource and key role of land management in urban and rural integration,it is urgent to optimize the personnel training program for land resource management major.From aspects of optimum objectives,principles,program and implementation effect,this paper discusses training program for land resource management major under the background of urban and rural integration.It is expected to provide reference for cultivating land resource management personnel suitable for development of urban and rural integration.展开更多
With the development of the society,the undergraduates training modes of land resources management major have diversified developed.The land resources management majors in universities with different background have v...With the development of the society,the undergraduates training modes of land resources management major have diversified developed.The land resources management majors in universities with different background have various features in China.Chongqing Technology and Business University was taken as a typical finance and economics university in this study.And the features,including training mode,feature training scheme and training effect of land resources management major,were discussed systematically.The results provide reference for the building of land resources management major in other colleges.展开更多
Based on field survey,an empirical analysis was made on the correlation between employment quality and skill training of landexpropriated farmers. The analysis indicated that there are differences in employment opport...Based on field survey,an empirical analysis was made on the correlation between employment quality and skill training of landexpropriated farmers. The analysis indicated that there are differences in employment opportunity,employment sector,employment ability,wage income and employment stability between land-expropriated farmers. Besides,though skill training,it is feasible to effectively improve employment quality of land-expropriated farmers. The skill training exerts a significant effect on employment and urban adaptation of land-expropriated farmers. The mode of skill training promoting employment quality was proposed. Skill training can raise human resource level of land-expropriated farmers,and increase their labor and employment skills,to help them realize regular employment and smoothly become citizens. For fund sources for skill training,government and land expropriation unit should bring into play active role. And skill training should be undertaken under the guidance of government and support of land expropriation unit.展开更多
There has been a significant increase in the availability of global high-resolution land cover(HRLC)datasets due to growing demand and favorable technological advancements.However,this has brought forth the challenge ...There has been a significant increase in the availability of global high-resolution land cover(HRLC)datasets due to growing demand and favorable technological advancements.However,this has brought forth the challenge of collecting reference data with a high level of detail for global extents.While photo-interpretation is considered optimal for collecting quality training data for global HRLC mapping,some producers of existing HRLCs use less trustworthy sources,such as existing land cover at a lower resolution,to reduce costs.This work proposes a methodology to extract the most accurate parts of existing HRLCs in response to the challenge of providing reliable reference data at a low cost.The methodology combines existing HRLCs by intersection,and the output represents a Map Of Land Cover Agreement(MOLCA)that can be utilized for selecting training samples.MOLCA’s effectiveness was demonstrated through HRLC map production in Africa,in which it generated 48,000 samples.The best classification test had an overall accuracy of 78%.This level of accuracy is comparable to or better than the accuracy of existing HRLCs obtained from more expensive sources of training data,such as photo-interpretation,highlighting the cost-effectiveness and reliability potential of the developed methodology in supporting global HRLC production.展开更多
To reveal the historical urban development in large areas using satellite data such as Landsat MSS still need to overcome many challenges.One of them is the need for high-quality training samples.This study tested the...To reveal the historical urban development in large areas using satellite data such as Landsat MSS still need to overcome many challenges.One of them is the need for high-quality training samples.This study tested the feasibility of migrating training samples collected from Landsat MSS data across time and space.We migrated training samples collected for Washington,D.C.in 1979 to classify the city’s land covers in 1982 and 1984.The classifier trained with Washington,D.C.’s samples were used in classifying Boston’s and Tokyo’s land covers.The results showed that the overall accuracies achieved using migrated samples in 1982(66.67%)and 1984(65.67%)for Washington,D.C.were comparable to that of 1979(68.67%)using a random forest classifier.Migration of training samples between cities in the same urban ecoregion,i.e.Washington,D.C.,and Boston,achieved higher overall accuracy(59.33%)than cities in the different ecoregions(Tokyo,50.33%).We concluded that migrating training samples across time and space in the same urban ecoregion are feasible.Ourfindings can contribute to using Landsat MSS data to reveal the historical urbanization pattern on a global scale.展开更多
文摘An assessment of staffing and training needs for effective delivery of extension services in mainstreaming sustainable land management (SLM) practices in Kilimanjaro Region was conducted in June/July 2013. Data collection methods included discussions with key informants at the regional and district levels, consultations with village level stakeholders and potential collaborators, review of human resources data both at regional, district and ward levels and collection of individual staff bio-data including capacity deficiencies. The staffing situation at the regional and district levels was considered to be adequate for effective mainstreaming of SLM interventions in the region. Staffing at ward and village levels was very poor and largely inadequate for sustainable execution of extension services. It is optimistically estimated that on average the staffing at ward level needs to be increased by at least 50%. In some districts the deficiency of extension staff at ward level was as high as 80%. Training needs exist at all levels from the region down to community level. At the regional and district levels both long and short term training programs were required. At the community level required training is more practical and purely focused in mainstreaming SLM interventions at individual households and community lands. Potential collaborators with local government were identified in four main categories namely, NGOs/CBOs, private sector, government departments and faith-based organizations. The study recommends a capacity building program on specific knowledge gaps identified at regional, district, ward and village levels. The study further recommends that immediate measures need to be taken by the district authorities to address the staffing problem at ward level including recruitment of volunteers and developing collaboration framework with identified potential partners.
基金Supported by Educational Reform Project of Chongqing Technology and Business University in 2011(11411)Project of National Natural Science Foundation in 2011(41101503)
文摘With constant deepening of development outlook of urban and rural integration,education circle starts to attach great importance to reform of personnel training program.Since scarcity of land resource and key role of land management in urban and rural integration,it is urgent to optimize the personnel training program for land resource management major.From aspects of optimum objectives,principles,program and implementation effect,this paper discusses training program for land resource management major under the background of urban and rural integration.It is expected to provide reference for cultivating land resource management personnel suitable for development of urban and rural integration.
文摘With the development of the society,the undergraduates training modes of land resources management major have diversified developed.The land resources management majors in universities with different background have various features in China.Chongqing Technology and Business University was taken as a typical finance and economics university in this study.And the features,including training mode,feature training scheme and training effect of land resources management major,were discussed systematically.The results provide reference for the building of land resources management major in other colleges.
基金Supported by Henan Province Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of 2015(2015BJJ051)Henan Province Soft Science Project of 2016(162400410041)+3 种基金the Project of Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Henan Provincial Department of Education(2014-qn-036)Fundamental Research Funds for Universities in Henan Province(2014YWQN10)High Level Talent Foundation Project of Henan University of Technology(2013BS058)Philosophy and Social Science Prosperity Foundation of Henan University of Technology(2013FRJH05)
文摘Based on field survey,an empirical analysis was made on the correlation between employment quality and skill training of landexpropriated farmers. The analysis indicated that there are differences in employment opportunity,employment sector,employment ability,wage income and employment stability between land-expropriated farmers. Besides,though skill training,it is feasible to effectively improve employment quality of land-expropriated farmers. The skill training exerts a significant effect on employment and urban adaptation of land-expropriated farmers. The mode of skill training promoting employment quality was proposed. Skill training can raise human resource level of land-expropriated farmers,and increase their labor and employment skills,to help them realize regular employment and smoothly become citizens. For fund sources for skill training,government and land expropriation unit should bring into play active role. And skill training should be undertaken under the guidance of government and support of land expropriation unit.
文摘There has been a significant increase in the availability of global high-resolution land cover(HRLC)datasets due to growing demand and favorable technological advancements.However,this has brought forth the challenge of collecting reference data with a high level of detail for global extents.While photo-interpretation is considered optimal for collecting quality training data for global HRLC mapping,some producers of existing HRLCs use less trustworthy sources,such as existing land cover at a lower resolution,to reduce costs.This work proposes a methodology to extract the most accurate parts of existing HRLCs in response to the challenge of providing reliable reference data at a low cost.The methodology combines existing HRLCs by intersection,and the output represents a Map Of Land Cover Agreement(MOLCA)that can be utilized for selecting training samples.MOLCA’s effectiveness was demonstrated through HRLC map production in Africa,in which it generated 48,000 samples.The best classification test had an overall accuracy of 78%.This level of accuracy is comparable to or better than the accuracy of existing HRLCs obtained from more expensive sources of training data,such as photo-interpretation,highlighting the cost-effectiveness and reliability potential of the developed methodology in supporting global HRLC production.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant number 2019YFA0607201].
文摘To reveal the historical urban development in large areas using satellite data such as Landsat MSS still need to overcome many challenges.One of them is the need for high-quality training samples.This study tested the feasibility of migrating training samples collected from Landsat MSS data across time and space.We migrated training samples collected for Washington,D.C.in 1979 to classify the city’s land covers in 1982 and 1984.The classifier trained with Washington,D.C.’s samples were used in classifying Boston’s and Tokyo’s land covers.The results showed that the overall accuracies achieved using migrated samples in 1982(66.67%)and 1984(65.67%)for Washington,D.C.were comparable to that of 1979(68.67%)using a random forest classifier.Migration of training samples between cities in the same urban ecoregion,i.e.Washington,D.C.,and Boston,achieved higher overall accuracy(59.33%)than cities in the different ecoregions(Tokyo,50.33%).We concluded that migrating training samples across time and space in the same urban ecoregion are feasible.Ourfindings can contribute to using Landsat MSS data to reveal the historical urbanization pattern on a global scale.
