Extreme seasonal water level fluctuations characterize natural floodplain lakes in monsoon regions, which are crucial for ensuring lake water security, including flood prevention water supply and health of aquatic eco...Extreme seasonal water level fluctuations characterize natural floodplain lakes in monsoon regions, which are crucial for ensuring lake water security, including flood prevention water supply and health of aquatic ecosystem. In order to achieve this goal, we established a hydrological regime assessment method based on a set of hydrological indicators for lakes with heavy seasonal water level fluctuations. The results suggest that time-sensitive hydrological indicators and specific time scales for various water security aspects must be considered. We discovered that it is more practical and meaningful to combine the water level classification derived from statistical analyses with characteristic hydrological values linked to water security. The case study of Poyang Lake results show that there are no discernable trends of Poyang Lake water regime status over the last 35 years, and the two periods of poor status are in accordance with climate variation in the lake basin area. Scholars and policy makers should focus on both floods and droughts, which are the main water security problems for Poyang Lake. It is hoped that this multi-scale and multi-element hydrological regime assessment method will provide new guidelines and methods for other international scholars of river and lake water assessment.展开更多
Urmia Lake in northwest of Iran, through the recent years has been extremely faced with the water crisis. Climate variations and anthropogenic impacts could be two main affiliated factors in this regard. We considered...Urmia Lake in northwest of Iran, through the recent years has been extremely faced with the water crisis. Climate variations and anthropogenic impacts could be two main affiliated factors in this regard. We considered the long term data series of precipitation, temperature and evaporation in monthly and yearly scales in order to compare to water-level values of Urmia Lake. The statistics approaches such as: standard deviation, trend analysis, T test, Pearson and Spearman correlations, liner regression are used to analyze all variables. The results released that the water-level of Urmia Lake along with the precipitation and temperature of the lake’s basin have experienced the periodic changes through 1961 to 2010, as there are some gradual dryness trends on the study area according to precipitation and temperature variations. Urmia Lake periodic water-level fluctuations show more significant correlation to temperature than the precipitation. Whiles, the water-level’s decreasing behavior especially through 1998 to 2010 is more harsh and different than the rate that is considered for precipitation’s decrease and temperature’s increase. Thus, there could be some anthropogenic factors in the basin which produced some supplementary causes to shrink Urmia Lake. Extracting the double precipitation over the basin through introducing and categorizing of atmospheric synoptic systems in order to cloud seeding operation could be one of urgent and innovative solutions to mitigate water crisis in the basin.展开更多
Water level fluctuations (WLF) are natural patterns that are necessary for the survival of various plants,and WLF guarantee both the productivity and the biodiversity of wetlands.However,the underlying mechanisms of h...Water level fluctuations (WLF) are natural patterns that are necessary for the survival of various plants,and WLF guarantee both the productivity and the biodiversity of wetlands.However,the underlying mechanisms of how changes in vegetation are linked to seasonal WLF remain unclear.Using vegetation and hydrological data from 1989 to 2009,we identified the key seasonal fluctuations and their impacts on vegetation in the Poyang Lake wetland by utilizing a tree-based hierarchical model.According to our results: 1) WLF in summer had significant impacts on both sedges and reeds.The severe summer floods promoted the expansion of sedges,while they inhibited the expansion of reeds;2) WLF in autumn also greatly impacted sedges,while reeds were severely affected in spring.Specifically,we found that low water levels in autumn led to the expansion of sedges,and low water levels in spring led to the expansion of reeds.The results were well corroborated through comparisons of the vegetation distribution patterns over the last two decades (i.e.,the 1990s and 2000s),which may shed light on corresponding water resource and wetland management.展开更多
Phytoplankton cell density, biomass, chl-a concentration and their seasonal fluctuations at five stations in the channel between Dongting Lake and the Changjiang (Yangtze) River were studied from May 1995 to December ...Phytoplankton cell density, biomass, chl-a concentration and their seasonal fluctuations at five stations in the channel between Dongting Lake and the Changjiang (Yangtze) River were studied from May 1995 to December 1997. The seasonal fluctuations had two peaks in a year in general. The an- nual patterns of total cell density and biomass indicated that diatoms contributed more than 70 percent of the total biomass (except from June to October) during the investigation period. Twenty-one dominant species contributed about 60–80 percent of the biomass in various months. The cell density, biomass and seasonal fluctuation were similar at Stations 1–4, but at Station 5 connected directly with the Changjiang River, the annual mean values (127.34×104 cells/L and 0.46 mg/L in 1996, 41.98×104 cells/L and 0.2 mg/L in 1997 respectively) were lower than those (195.92×104 cells/L and 0.5 mg/L in 1996, 132.96×104 cells/L and 0.57 mg/L in 1997 respectively) at Station 1–4; and the curve of the seasonal fluctuation sometimes did not coincide with those at Stations 1–4. Based on criteria for evaluating trophic status, the dominant species, annual average cell density values of 114.86×104 –179.57×104 cells/L, biomass of 0.48–0.5 mg/L, chl-a concentration of 0.42–0.51 μg/L respectively recorded at five stations in 1996 and 1997, and values associated with the physico-chemical properties of the waterbody indicated that the water in the channel could be characterized as oligo-mesotrophic.展开更多
For compilation and comparison of desmids flora, the authors restudied the species composition, cell density and biomass of phytoplankton desmids collected at six stations in Donghu Lake at intervals of three months m...For compilation and comparison of desmids flora, the authors restudied the species composition, cell density and biomass of phytoplankton desmids collected at six stations in Donghu Lake at intervals of three months monitored from March of 1956 to February of 1957. A total of 122 taxa belonging to 16 genera were identified from qualitative and quantitative samples. Species of Cosmarium were the most popular ones occupy- ing about 41 % of the total species. Based on the observations, the annual mean values of the cell density and biomass were 132.11×102 cells/L and 0.09 mg/L. Cosmarium, Staurastrum, Staurodesmus and Closterium dominated and contributed more than 70 % of the total cell density and biomass at six stations in four seasons. The maximum species number, cell density and biomass in autumn revealed that the highest variety (64 taxa, 1296×102 cells/L and 0.889 mg/L respectively) occurred at Station 3 located in the southern part of Donghu Lake. From then on to the mid 1990s the desmids community decreased sharply in Donghu Lake, resulted clearly from eutrophication in the lake.展开更多
Seasonal water-level fluctuations （WLF） play a dominate role in lacustrine ecosys- tems. River-lake interaction is a direct factor in changes of seasonal lake WLF, especially for those lakes naturally connected to u...Seasonal water-level fluctuations （WLF） play a dominate role in lacustrine ecosys- tems. River-lake interaction is a direct factor in changes of seasonal lake WLF, especially for those lakes naturally connected to upstream and downstream rivers. During the past decade, the modification of WLF in the Poyang Lake （the largest freshwater lake in China） has caused intensified flood and irrigation crises, reduced water availability, compromised water quality and extensive degradation of the lake ecosystem. There has been a conjecture as to whether the modification was caused by its interactions with Yangtze River. In this study, we investi- gated the variations of seasonal WLF in China＇s Poyang Lake by comparing the water levels during the four distinct seasons （the dry season, the rising season, the flood season, and the retreating season） before and after 2003 when the Three Gorge Dam operated. The Water Surface Slope （WSS） was used as a representative parameter to measure the changes in river-lake interaction and its impacts on seasonal WLF. The results showed that the magni- tude of seasonal WLF has changed considerably since 2003; the seasonal WLF of the Poy- ang Lake have been significantly altered by the fact that the water levels both rise and retreat earlier in the season and lowered water levels in general. The fluctuations of river-lake in- teractions, in particular the changes during the retreating season, are mainly responsible for these variations in magnitude of seasonal WLF. This study demonstrates that WSS is a rep- resentative parameter to denote river-lake interactions, and the results indicate that more emphasis should be placed on the decrease of the Poyang Lake caused by the lowered water levels of the Yangtze River, especially in the retreating season.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KFZD-SW-318)National Science Foundation of China(No.41571107)National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB417006)
文摘Extreme seasonal water level fluctuations characterize natural floodplain lakes in monsoon regions, which are crucial for ensuring lake water security, including flood prevention water supply and health of aquatic ecosystem. In order to achieve this goal, we established a hydrological regime assessment method based on a set of hydrological indicators for lakes with heavy seasonal water level fluctuations. The results suggest that time-sensitive hydrological indicators and specific time scales for various water security aspects must be considered. We discovered that it is more practical and meaningful to combine the water level classification derived from statistical analyses with characteristic hydrological values linked to water security. The case study of Poyang Lake results show that there are no discernable trends of Poyang Lake water regime status over the last 35 years, and the two periods of poor status are in accordance with climate variation in the lake basin area. Scholars and policy makers should focus on both floods and droughts, which are the main water security problems for Poyang Lake. It is hoped that this multi-scale and multi-element hydrological regime assessment method will provide new guidelines and methods for other international scholars of river and lake water assessment.
文摘Urmia Lake in northwest of Iran, through the recent years has been extremely faced with the water crisis. Climate variations and anthropogenic impacts could be two main affiliated factors in this regard. We considered the long term data series of precipitation, temperature and evaporation in monthly and yearly scales in order to compare to water-level values of Urmia Lake. The statistics approaches such as: standard deviation, trend analysis, T test, Pearson and Spearman correlations, liner regression are used to analyze all variables. The results released that the water-level of Urmia Lake along with the precipitation and temperature of the lake’s basin have experienced the periodic changes through 1961 to 2010, as there are some gradual dryness trends on the study area according to precipitation and temperature variations. Urmia Lake periodic water-level fluctuations show more significant correlation to temperature than the precipitation. Whiles, the water-level’s decreasing behavior especially through 1998 to 2010 is more harsh and different than the rate that is considered for precipitation’s decrease and temperature’s increase. Thus, there could be some anthropogenic factors in the basin which produced some supplementary causes to shrink Urmia Lake. Extracting the double precipitation over the basin through introducing and categorizing of atmospheric synoptic systems in order to cloud seeding operation could be one of urgent and innovative solutions to mitigate water crisis in the basin.
基金the National Key Research and Development Project of China (No.2016YFC0402204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.41571107)+1 种基金the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.KFZD-SW-318)the Key Project of Water Resources Department of Jiangxi Province (No.KT201503).
文摘Water level fluctuations (WLF) are natural patterns that are necessary for the survival of various plants,and WLF guarantee both the productivity and the biodiversity of wetlands.However,the underlying mechanisms of how changes in vegetation are linked to seasonal WLF remain unclear.Using vegetation and hydrological data from 1989 to 2009,we identified the key seasonal fluctuations and their impacts on vegetation in the Poyang Lake wetland by utilizing a tree-based hierarchical model.According to our results: 1) WLF in summer had significant impacts on both sedges and reeds.The severe summer floods promoted the expansion of sedges,while they inhibited the expansion of reeds;2) WLF in autumn also greatly impacted sedges,while reeds were severely affected in spring.Specifically,we found that low water levels in autumn led to the expansion of sedges,and low water levels in spring led to the expansion of reeds.The results were well corroborated through comparisons of the vegetation distribution patterns over the last two decades (i.e.,the 1990s and 2000s),which may shed light on corresponding water resource and wetland management.
基金Project 39670155 and 39430101 supported by NSFC.
文摘Phytoplankton cell density, biomass, chl-a concentration and their seasonal fluctuations at five stations in the channel between Dongting Lake and the Changjiang (Yangtze) River were studied from May 1995 to December 1997. The seasonal fluctuations had two peaks in a year in general. The an- nual patterns of total cell density and biomass indicated that diatoms contributed more than 70 percent of the total biomass (except from June to October) during the investigation period. Twenty-one dominant species contributed about 60–80 percent of the biomass in various months. The cell density, biomass and seasonal fluctuation were similar at Stations 1–4, but at Station 5 connected directly with the Changjiang River, the annual mean values (127.34×104 cells/L and 0.46 mg/L in 1996, 41.98×104 cells/L and 0.2 mg/L in 1997 respectively) were lower than those (195.92×104 cells/L and 0.5 mg/L in 1996, 132.96×104 cells/L and 0.57 mg/L in 1997 respectively) at Station 1–4; and the curve of the seasonal fluctuation sometimes did not coincide with those at Stations 1–4. Based on criteria for evaluating trophic status, the dominant species, annual average cell density values of 114.86×104 –179.57×104 cells/L, biomass of 0.48–0.5 mg/L, chl-a concentration of 0.42–0.51 μg/L respectively recorded at five stations in 1996 and 1997, and values associated with the physico-chemical properties of the waterbody indicated that the water in the channel could be characterized as oligo-mesotrophic.
文摘For compilation and comparison of desmids flora, the authors restudied the species composition, cell density and biomass of phytoplankton desmids collected at six stations in Donghu Lake at intervals of three months monitored from March of 1956 to February of 1957. A total of 122 taxa belonging to 16 genera were identified from qualitative and quantitative samples. Species of Cosmarium were the most popular ones occupy- ing about 41 % of the total species. Based on the observations, the annual mean values of the cell density and biomass were 132.11×102 cells/L and 0.09 mg/L. Cosmarium, Staurastrum, Staurodesmus and Closterium dominated and contributed more than 70 % of the total cell density and biomass at six stations in four seasons. The maximum species number, cell density and biomass in autumn revealed that the highest variety (64 taxa, 1296×102 cells/L and 0.889 mg/L respectively) occurred at Station 3 located in the southern part of Donghu Lake. From then on to the mid 1990s the desmids community decreased sharply in Donghu Lake, resulted clearly from eutrophication in the lake.
基金National Basic Research Program of China （＂973＂ Program）, No.2012CB417006 National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41171024 No.41271500
文摘Seasonal water-level fluctuations （WLF） play a dominate role in lacustrine ecosys- tems. River-lake interaction is a direct factor in changes of seasonal lake WLF, especially for those lakes naturally connected to upstream and downstream rivers. During the past decade, the modification of WLF in the Poyang Lake （the largest freshwater lake in China） has caused intensified flood and irrigation crises, reduced water availability, compromised water quality and extensive degradation of the lake ecosystem. There has been a conjecture as to whether the modification was caused by its interactions with Yangtze River. In this study, we investi- gated the variations of seasonal WLF in China＇s Poyang Lake by comparing the water levels during the four distinct seasons （the dry season, the rising season, the flood season, and the retreating season） before and after 2003 when the Three Gorge Dam operated. The Water Surface Slope （WSS） was used as a representative parameter to measure the changes in river-lake interaction and its impacts on seasonal WLF. The results showed that the magni- tude of seasonal WLF has changed considerably since 2003; the seasonal WLF of the Poy- ang Lake have been significantly altered by the fact that the water levels both rise and retreat earlier in the season and lowered water levels in general. The fluctuations of river-lake in- teractions, in particular the changes during the retreating season, are mainly responsible for these variations in magnitude of seasonal WLF. This study demonstrates that WSS is a rep- resentative parameter to denote river-lake interactions, and the results indicate that more emphasis should be placed on the decrease of the Poyang Lake caused by the lowered water levels of the Yangtze River, especially in the retreating season.
