Concentrations and carbon isotopic(14C,13C) compositions of black carbon(BC) were measured for three sediment cores collected from the Changjiang River estuary and the shelf of the East China Sea. BC concentrations ra...Concentrations and carbon isotopic(14C,13C) compositions of black carbon(BC) were measured for three sediment cores collected from the Changjiang River estuary and the shelf of the East China Sea. BC concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 0.14 mg/g(dry weight) ,and accounted for 5% to 26% of the sedimentary total organic carbon(TOC) pool. Among the three sediment cores collected at each site,sediment from the Changjiang River estuary had relatively high BC contents compared with the sedi-ments from the East China Sea shelf,suggesting that the Changjiang River discharge played an im-portant role in the delivery of BC to the coastal region. Radiocarbon measurements indicate that the ages of BC are in the range of 6910 to 12250 years old B.P.(before present) ,that is in general,3700 to 9000 years older than the 14C ages of TOC in the sediments. These variable radiocarbon ages suggest that the BC preserved in the sediments was derived from the products of both biomass fire and fossil fuel combustion,as well as from ancient rock weathering. Based on an isotopic mass balance model,we calculated that fossil fuel combustion contributed most(60%―80%) of the BC preserved in these sediments and varied with depth and locations. The deposition and burial of this "slow-cycling" BC in the sediments of the East China Sea shelf represent a significant pool of carbon sink and could greatly influence carbon cycling in the region.展开更多
三角洲岸线的变迁是研究地貌冲淤最直接的要素。黄河三角洲是世界上发育最快的三角洲,研究其海岸线变化规律和演化趋势对地区生态环境保护、海洋资源开发、基础设施建设等至关重要。本文在前人研究的基础上,采用修正归一化水体指数(Modi...三角洲岸线的变迁是研究地貌冲淤最直接的要素。黄河三角洲是世界上发育最快的三角洲,研究其海岸线变化规律和演化趋势对地区生态环境保护、海洋资源开发、基础设施建设等至关重要。本文在前人研究的基础上,采用修正归一化水体指数(Modified Normalized Difference WaterIndex,MND-WI)与多年水频率指数(Multi-year Water Frequency Index,MWFI)相结合的方法对1976–2021年期间典型年份的207幅遥感影像进行岸线提取,使获取到的海岸线更具科学性和代表性,并在此基础上通过定量计算分析了海岸线的时空演变及其稳定性特征,以此探讨黄河清水沟亚三角洲海岸线自1976年以来的演化机制。研究结果表明:(1)总体上,清水沟亚三角洲海岸线演化呈现先快速向海淤积后波动稳定的趋势,以1996年和2002年为节点划分为“快速发育”“缓慢发育”“动态平衡”3个阶段;(2)45年来,研究区海岸线稳定性持续增强,其中孤东海堤段岸线与黄河清水沟亚三角洲南部岸线保持相对稳定,而清8汊河口段岸线与清水沟废弃河口段岸线较为活跃,其岸线稳定性指数基本低于0.5;(3)陆上三角洲淤积、侵蚀中心的迁移同河口位置变动相对应,尤其是淤积中心的迁移与河口位置变动之间在经度向存在明显的正向关系,R^(2)=0.6904;(4)黄河入海泥沙减少、河口位置迁移以及人类活动对三角洲海岸线的发育演化影响显著。从长远来看,在黄河入海泥沙持续减少的背景下,三角洲的未来仍面临侵蚀的威胁。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40576039)
文摘Concentrations and carbon isotopic(14C,13C) compositions of black carbon(BC) were measured for three sediment cores collected from the Changjiang River estuary and the shelf of the East China Sea. BC concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 0.14 mg/g(dry weight) ,and accounted for 5% to 26% of the sedimentary total organic carbon(TOC) pool. Among the three sediment cores collected at each site,sediment from the Changjiang River estuary had relatively high BC contents compared with the sedi-ments from the East China Sea shelf,suggesting that the Changjiang River discharge played an im-portant role in the delivery of BC to the coastal region. Radiocarbon measurements indicate that the ages of BC are in the range of 6910 to 12250 years old B.P.(before present) ,that is in general,3700 to 9000 years older than the 14C ages of TOC in the sediments. These variable radiocarbon ages suggest that the BC preserved in the sediments was derived from the products of both biomass fire and fossil fuel combustion,as well as from ancient rock weathering. Based on an isotopic mass balance model,we calculated that fossil fuel combustion contributed most(60%―80%) of the BC preserved in these sediments and varied with depth and locations. The deposition and burial of this "slow-cycling" BC in the sediments of the East China Sea shelf represent a significant pool of carbon sink and could greatly influence carbon cycling in the region.
文摘三角洲岸线的变迁是研究地貌冲淤最直接的要素。黄河三角洲是世界上发育最快的三角洲,研究其海岸线变化规律和演化趋势对地区生态环境保护、海洋资源开发、基础设施建设等至关重要。本文在前人研究的基础上,采用修正归一化水体指数(Modified Normalized Difference WaterIndex,MND-WI)与多年水频率指数(Multi-year Water Frequency Index,MWFI)相结合的方法对1976–2021年期间典型年份的207幅遥感影像进行岸线提取,使获取到的海岸线更具科学性和代表性,并在此基础上通过定量计算分析了海岸线的时空演变及其稳定性特征,以此探讨黄河清水沟亚三角洲海岸线自1976年以来的演化机制。研究结果表明:(1)总体上,清水沟亚三角洲海岸线演化呈现先快速向海淤积后波动稳定的趋势,以1996年和2002年为节点划分为“快速发育”“缓慢发育”“动态平衡”3个阶段;(2)45年来,研究区海岸线稳定性持续增强,其中孤东海堤段岸线与黄河清水沟亚三角洲南部岸线保持相对稳定,而清8汊河口段岸线与清水沟废弃河口段岸线较为活跃,其岸线稳定性指数基本低于0.5;(3)陆上三角洲淤积、侵蚀中心的迁移同河口位置变动相对应,尤其是淤积中心的迁移与河口位置变动之间在经度向存在明显的正向关系,R^(2)=0.6904;(4)黄河入海泥沙减少、河口位置迁移以及人类活动对三角洲海岸线的发育演化影响显著。从长远来看,在黄河入海泥沙持续减少的背景下,三角洲的未来仍面临侵蚀的威胁。
