Evaluation of seed vigor in soybean germplasms from different eco-regions

Seed vigor plays an essential role in soybean production.Soybean seed is sensitive to environment and easy to get seed deterioration.Generally soybean seed vigor can be maintained for less than one year and have to be multiplied every year.Varieties with good seed vigor are essential for maintaining planting population and stable yield.In this research,419 germplasms from three eco-regions,South China,Huanghuai region and Northeast China,were evaluated for seed vigor by assessing germination ratio,germination potential and germination index.About 34.8%of tested germplasm had germination ratio equal or more than 85%,suggested by the national soybean seed quality standard of China.Only 9 from 82 tested cultivars met the seed standard.Seed germination ratio distribution had obvious regional feature.Landraces performed better seed vigor than cultivars.Germplasms from South China had stronger seed vigor compared to those from Huanghuai and Northeast regions.Seed vigor has no significant relationship with maturity and 100-seed weight.Totally 21 germplasms with strong seed vigor,favor maturation and seed size were identified and can be used in future breeding program.

Advances on Seed Vigor Physiological and Genetic Mechanisms

Seed vigor is a more promising seed quality character reflecting potential seed germination, field emergence and seed storage ability under different conditions than standard germination. Standard germination is influenced by genetic background and environmental effects during seed development and storage conditions. The latest research on physiological mechanism in seed vigor showed that at the late stage of seed development, the development of seed vigor involves some stress-resistant substances including late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein, oligosaccharides and abscisic acid (ABA). Whereas the loss of seed vigor, or seed aging and deterioration, could be attributed to lipid peroxidation, chromosome deformation and genes aberrance, and embryo protein degradation, etc. Seed vigor is a quantitative character controlled by multi-genes. Genetic and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses on seed-vigor trait in model plants, such as Arabidopsis and rice, are mostly concentrated on related morphology traits, whereas few physiological traits have been researched. It was concluded that, all of the QTL genetic characteristics of seed vigor-including QTL quantities, its locus on chromosome, genetic effects, and interaction effects between genetic and environment, differed with plant species and used seed-vigor traits.

Improving the assessment method of seed vigor in Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana based on oxygen sensing technology

Oxygen sensing technology was employed to study the rapid methods for seed vigor assessment of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and Masson pine (Pinus massoniana). Firstly, seeds of five lots were performed using accelerated aging (AA) into three vigor levels. Then, four oxygen sensing indices, including increased metabolism time (IMT), oxygen metabolism rate (OMR), critical oxygen pressure (COP), relative germination time (RGT) and the control indices such as laboratory germination indices, dehydrogenase activity (DA), and electrical conductivity (EC) were analyzed by the tests of 15 samples. The results of correlation analysis between these indices and field emergence performances based on two-year and two-spot data showed that RGT and OMR should be indicated as the optimal oxygen sensing indices to rap- idly and automatically evaluate seed vigor of Chinese fir and Masson pine, respectively. On the basis, one-variable linear regression equations were built to forecast their field emergence performances by the two oxygen sensing indices.

Effects of Seed Maturity of Turf-Type Tall Fescue on the Seed Vigor and the Optimal Harvesting Time

By assay of accelerated aging germination, germination index, vigor index, seedling length,seedling weight, electric conductivity, dehydrogenase activity, ATP content and acid phosphoesterase activityduring seed development of turf-type tall fescue, the seed vigor of tall fescue were studied. Combining withseed moisture content and yield, the optimal harvesting time of tall fescue was determined. The results indica-ted that the seed vigor increased continuously along with seed maturity, and the higher seed vigor was achievedat 19th day after perk anthesis and maintained continuously until 31st day after peak anthesis. At 25th day af-ter peak anthesis, the highest yield of 3 533 kg ha-1 and the good quality of seeds of tall fescue were harvestedwith 32.19% moisture content. From 22nd to 31st day after peak anthesis, the seed yield of 3 300 kg ha-1 andthe good quality seeds of tall fescue were harvested with 40 -12.43% moisture content, and the span was theoptimal harvesting time.

Effects of Pb Pollution on Seed Vigor of Three Rice Cultivars

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of different Pb concentrations on rice seed germination and seedling growth in three cultivars (Jiayu 293, Jiayu 948 and Xieyou 963). The method of qualitative traits combining with quantitative traits by orthogonal polynomials was applied to analyze rice seed vigor by regression model. The seeds from different rice cultivars had different sensitivity to Pb poison. In the Pb concentration of 100-700 mg/L, Pb significantly decreased root length and shoot height, and the degree of the restraint would aggravate with the increasing of Pb concentration. However, Pb did not reduce root dry weight and shoot dry weight, which indicated that different physiological characteristics had different sensitive reactions to Pb. The predicting equations of regression were developed, which could be used to predict the effects of different Pb concentrations on rice seed vigor.

Mapping of QTLs Associated with Seed Vigor to Artificial Aging Using Two RIL Populations in Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.)

Improvement in seed vigor under adverse condition is an important object in maize breeding nowadays. Because the higher sowing quality of seeds is necessary for the development of the agriculture production and better able to resist all kinds of adversity in the seeds storage. So it is helpful for long-term preservation of germplasm resource. In our study, two connected recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations, which derived from the crosses Yu82 × Shen137 and Yu537A × Shen137 respectively, were evaluated for four related traits of seed vigor under three aging treatments. Meta-analysis was used to integrate genetic maps and detected QTL across two populations. In total, 74 QTL and 20 meta-QTL (mQTL) were detected. All QTLs with contributions (R2) over 10% were consistently detected in at least one of aging treatments and integrated in mQTL. Four key mQTLs (mQTL2-2, mQTL5-3, mQTL6 and mQTL8) with R2 of some initial QTLs > 10% included 5-9 initial QTLs associated with 2-4 traits. Therefore, the chromosome regions for four mQTLs with high QTL co-localization might be hot spots of the important QTLs for the associated traits. Twenty-two key candidate genes regulating four related traits of seed vigor mapped in 14 corresponding mQTLs. In particular, At5g67360, 45238345/At1g70730/At1g09640 and 298201206 were mapped within the important mQTL5-3, mQTL6 and mQTL8 regions, respectively. Fine mapping or construction of single chromosome segment lines for genetic regions of the three mQTLs is worth further study and could be put to use molecular marker-assisted breeding and pyramiding QTLs in maize.

Effects of Artificial Aging on Physiological Characteristics and Seed Vigor of Medicago ruthenica Seeds

As shown by the changes in physiological characteristics and seed vigor of three Medicago ruthenica samples during artificial aging process, the germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vigor index and simple vigor index declined with the extension of aging time on the whole. After artificial aging for 6 min, the vigor was higher than that of the control. The conductivity, malondialdehyde content and soluble polysaccharide content of seed leachate increased with the aging time and negatively correlated (P<0.05) with the seed vigor indicators. The physiological indicators were very significantly correlated (P<0.01) with the vigor indicators in the Medicago ruthenica sample from Dorbod Qi, Ulanqab City(China).

Seed Vigor Variation of <i>Agave durangensis</i>Gentry (Agavaceae)

Agave durangensis propagates basically by seeds. This species is economically important because it supports a mescal industry in Durango, Mexico. At present, its exploitation is overall by collecting plants from the wild populations. In order to reduce the negative impact of the collection in the natural populations of A. durangensis and to improve the mescal industry, it is necessary to establish plantations with selected seeds for a high vigor. In this paper, the variation in morphological features, physiological behavior of germination, and biochemical indicators of seed vigor among three natural populations of A. durangensis was assessed. Variation was found in the seed weight (0.68 to 1.15 mg/seed), seed dimensions (3.51 × 5.29 to 4.62 × 5.92 mm), germinability reduction at 15°°C related to 25°C (4% to 51%), germination rate at 25°C (44.0 to 48.5 seeds/day) and at 15°C (5.17 to 6.77 seeds/day), development reduction at 15°C related to 25°C (86.66% to 91.99%), levels of seed accumulated phenols (71 to 85 μg/seed), antioxidant potential (42% to 50% reduction of DPPH*), seed alcohol dehydrogenase activity (ADH) (180 to 1100 μmol NAD+/mg protein/min), highest ADH activity after imbibitions at 25°C (310.24 to 520.2 μmol NAD+/mg protein/min), and highest ADH activity after imbibitions at 15°C (170.74 to 440.71 μmol NAD+/mg protein/min). The variation in the seed vigor was revealed by a principal component analysis (PCA) based on all the parameters evaluated. PCA clearly discriminated among the three populations.

Effect of Corona Treatment and Dielectric Separation on Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice

[Objectives] The aim was to investigate the effects of corona field and dielectric separation on the seed vigor of hybrid rice. [Methods] The seeds of6 hybrid rice varieties were processed with corona field,dielectric separation and corona field + dielectric separation. [Results] When the field intensity was200 km/m and the processing time was 4 min,the seed vigor was significantly increased. The seed vigor of Y Liangyou 9918( 2014) increased the most,and the germination potential and the germination rate increased by 17 and 12 percentage points respectively compared to the control. Corona field reduced seed conductivity,and for seedlings,it decreased their MDA content,increased proline content,improved peroxidase activity,and enhanced root activity. When the rotating speed of the drum was 30 r/min,the dielectric separation voltage of 4 500 V could achieve good separation effect,and the vitality of seeds at different grades was significantly different. Under the optimized corona field combined with optimized voltage processing of dielectric separation,the seed vigor at all grades from the separation was significantly higher than that of the dielectric separation processing alone. The combined separation processing separated no seeds with germination rate of higher than 80% from the hybrid rice seeds with germination rate of lower than 60%,yet it could effectively separate the seeds with germination rate of higher than 80%from the hybrid rice seeds with germination rate of 65%-70%. After the combined processing,the germination rates of separated Grade I seeds of Wangliangyou6( 2015),N Liangyouhuazhan( 2015),Wangliangyou 6( 2016) increased by 20,15,20 percentage points from the germination rates of the control,while the germination rates of N Liangyouhuazhan( 2016) and Y Liangyou 9918( 2016),which had the germination rates of higher than 80%,increased by 3 and 9 percentage points from the control,suggesting insignificant separation effect. [Conclusions] This study provided a new technical approach for the processing of hybrid rice seeds.

Hyperspectral imaging technology to detect the vigor of thermal-damaged Quercus variabilis seeds

This study investigated the feasibility of hyperspectral imaging techniques to estimate the vigor of heatdamaged Quercus variabilis seeds.Four thermal damage grades were classified according to heat treatment duration(0,2,5,and 10 h).After obtaining hyperspectral images with a 370–1042 nm hyperspectral imager that included visible and near infrared light,germination was tested to confirm estimates.The Savitzky–Golay(SG)second derivative was used to preprocess the spectrum to reduce any noise impact.The successive projections algorithm(SPA),principal component analysis,and local linear embedding algorithm were used to extract the characteristic spectral bands related to seed vigor.Finally,a model for seed vigor classifi-cation of Q.variabili s based on partial least squares support vector machine(LS-SVM)with different spectral data sets was developed.The results show that the spectrum after SG second derivative preprocessing was better for developing the model,and SPA performed the best among the three feature band selection methods.The combination SG second derivative-LS-SVM provided the best classification model for Q.variabilis seed vigor,with the prediction set reaching 98.81%.This study provides an important basis for rapid and nondestructive assessment of the vigor of heat-damaged seeds using hyperspectral imaging techniques.

Investigation of GhFAT Genes Related to Seed Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Gossypium hirsutum L.

Fatty Acyl-ACP thioesterase(FAT)is a key enzyme controlling oil biosynthesis in plant seeds.FATs can be divided into two subfamilies,FATA and FATB according to their amino acid sequences and substrate specificity.The Upland cotton genome contains 20 GhFAT genes,amongst which 6 genes were of the GhFATA subfamily and 14 of the GhFATB subfamily.The 20 GhFAT genes are unevenly distributed on 14 chromosomes.The GhFATA genes have 5 or 7 exons and the GhFATB genes have 6 or 7 exons.All GhFAT proteins have the conserved Acyl-ACP_TE domain and PLN02370 super family,the typical characteristics of plant thioesterases.Analyses of the expression level of GhFATs and the compositions of fatty acid in 5-60 days-post-anthesis seeds showed that the ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids was consistent with the expression profile of GhFATB12,GhFATB3,and GhFATB10;the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acid to polyunsaturated fatty acids was consistent with the expression profile of GhFATA3.The oil contents of mature cottonseeds were positively correlated with the contents of palmitic acid and linolenic acid as well as seed vigor.These results provide essential information for further exploring the role(s)of the specific GhFATs in determining oil biosynthesis and cottonseed compositions.

Effects of Different Seed Coating Agents on the Quality of"Grey-matter"Hybrid Rice Seeds

[Objectives]This study was conducted to select suitable mixed seed coating agents for improving the quality of"grey-matter"hybrid rice seeds.[Methods]Three different mixed seed coating agents(A,B,C)were used to coat the seeds of two varieties(Taiyou 390 and Zhenliangyou 8612)of hybrid rice with different"grey-matter"content(5%,15%,25%),and the results were investigated and compared.[Results]The combinations of treatment B(seed coating agent A+Linong)and treatment C(Manshijin+seed coating agent A)could significantly improve indexes including seed germination potential,germination rate,seed vigor,seedling height,fibrous roots and fresh weight of the two varieties with a"grey-matter"content greater than 15%,but had no significant effects on main root length,dry weight,leaf number and tiller number,and the effects of treatment B was better than those of treatment C.That is to say,mixed seed coating agent B(seed coating agent A+Linong)was suitable for use as a seed coating agent to improve the quality of"grey-matter"seeds.[Conclusions]This study provides a reference plan for the safe use of mixed seed batches with"grey-matter"deterioration.

Identification and fine mapping of quantitative trait loci for seed vigor in germination and seedling establishment in rice

Seed vigor is an index of seed quality that is used to describe the rapid and uniform germination and the establishment of strong seedlings in any environmental conditions.Strong seed vigor in low-temperature germination conditions is particularly important in direct-sowing rice production systems. However, seed vigor has not been selected as an important breeding trait in traditional breeding programs due to its quantitative inherence. In this study, we identified and mapped eight quantitative trait loci(QTLs) for seed vigor by using a recombinant inbred population from a cross between rice(Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) cultivars ZS97 and MH63.Conditional QTL analysis identified qSV-1, qSV-5b, qSV-6a, qSV-6b, and qSV-11 influenced seedling establishment and that qSV-5a, qSV-5c, and qSV-8 influenced only germination. Of these,qSV-1, qSV-5b, qSV-6a, qSV-6b, and qSV-8 were low-temperature-specific QTLs. Two major-effective QTLs, qSV-1, and qSV-5c were narrowed down to 1.13-Mbp and 400-kbp genomic regions, respectively. The results provide tightly linked DNA markers for the marker-assistant pyramiding of multiple positive alleles for increased seed vigor in both normal and low-temperature germination environments.

Regulation of Seed Vigor by Manipulation of Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides in Maize and Arabidopsis thaliana

棉白糖家庭 oligosaccharides (RFO ) 在许多植物种类在成熟干燥期间在种子积累。然而， RFO 是否在建立种子活力有一个角色，仍然保持不清楚。GALACTINOL SYNTHASE (GOLS ) ，棉白糖 SYNTHASE (RS ) ，和 STACHYOSE SYNTHASE (圣) 是为 RFO 负责的酶 ? 在植物的生合成。有趣地，仅仅棉白糖在玉米种子被检测，并且唯一的玉米 RS 基因(ZmRS ) 被识别。在这研究，我们发现二独立 mutator (亩) 打断了 zmrs 线，不包含棉白糖但是 hyperaccumulating galactinol， ? 显著地减少了种子活力，与空 segregant 控制相比。不同于玉米， Arabidopsis thaliana 种子包含几 RFO (棉白糖， stachyose，和 verbascose ) 。A 的操作。thaliana RFO ? 由 overexpressing ZmGOLS2， ZmRS，或 AtSTS 的内容表明了那 co-overexpression ZmGOLS2 和 ZmRS，或 ZmGOLS2 的 overexpression 独自一个，显著地增加了 RFO 的全部的内容并且提高了 Arabidopsis 种子活力。令人惊讶地，当 ZmRS 的 overexpression 增加了种子棉白糖内容时，它的 overexpression 戏剧性地减少了种子活力并且减少了 galactinol， stachyose，和 verbascose 的种子数量。相反， atrs5 异种种子类似于关于种子活力和 RFO 内容的野类型的那些，除了 stachyose 它在 atrs5 种子积累了。全部的 RFO， RFO/sucrose 比率，然而并非绝对单个 RFO ? 数量，断然与 A 相关。thaliana 种子活力， stachyose 和 verbascose 多于棉白糖作出贡献到。一起拿，这些结果提供新卓见进种子活力的规章的机制并且在 monocot 和 dicot 在 modulating 种子活力为 RFO 揭示不同要求。

Quantitative trait loci analysis for rice seed vigor during the germination stage

Seed vigor is an important characteristic of seed quality,and rice cultivars with strong seed vigor are desirable in direct-sowing rice production for optimum stand establishment.In the present study,the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of three traits for rice seed vigor during the germination stage,including germination rate,final germination percentage,and germination index,were investigated using one recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between japonica Daguandao and indica IR28,and using the multiple interval mapping (MIM) approach.The results show that indica rice presented stronger seed vigor during the germination stage than japonica rice.A total of ten QTLs,and at least five novel alleles,were detected to control rice seed vigor,and the amount of variation (R2) explained by an individual QTL ranged from 7.5% to 68.5%,with three major QTLs with R2>20%.Most of the QTLs detected here are likely to coincide with QTLs for seed weight,seed size,or seed dormancy,suggesting that the rice seed vigor might be correlated with seed weight,seed size,and seed dormancy.At least five QTLs are novel alleles with no previous reports of seed vigor genes in rice,and those major or minor QTLs could be used to significantly improve the seed vigor by marker-assisted selection (MAS) in rice.

Detection of rice seed vigor by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance

A new method to predict the seed vigor of rice was developed to control adulteration during the seed trading process and to address the deficiencies of traditional manual detection methods.Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance(LF-NMR)technique was used to detect the vigor of rice seeds.Four varieties(Beijing-1,Qianchonglang-2,Yanfeng-47 and Shennong-265)of rice seeds from the Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University were chosen for the experiment.The transverse relaxation time T_(2),T_(21) and T_(22) were observed in the experiment.The peak start time of free water(transverse relaxation time T_(22)),signal amplitude of bound water(transverse relaxation time T_(21)),and moisture content decreased with the decrease in the vigor of the seeds.There were no obvious trends observed for the top of the peak and the end point of the transverse relaxation time T_(22).In addition,the start,top,and end time of the peak(transverse relaxation time T_(21)),and the signal amplitude of bound water showed no consistent changes.The results indicated that LF-NMR could be used as a method to distinguish the vigor of rice seeds rapidly.This study provided theoretical basis and technical support for the rapid detection of rice seed vigor.

Possible Involvement of K^＋/Na^＋ in Assessing the Seed Vigor Index

More substances leaked from a higher-vigor seed sample than from a lower-vigor sample. This indicates that, in some cases, electric conductivity does not represent seed vigor level very well, especially for high-vigor seeds. Results from germination, germination index, leachate conductivity, and the ratio of K+/Na+ from three-seed lots of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis (Louv.) Rupr) showed that K+/Na+correlated well with germination and germination index. The ability of K+/Na+ to indicate well changes in vigor was further supported by investigation in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seeds and another cultivar of Chinese cabbage seeds. Thus, seed leakage of K+/Na+ can accurately indicate seed vigor, whereas the conductivity test failed to do so. Furthermore, K+/Na+ showed up bigger quantitative differences in vigor level than did the conductivity test. This findings provide a more sensitive and accurate index for the assessment of seed vigor. The mechanisms of Na+ and K+ ion transport are also discussed.

Effects of Seed Hydropriming on Germination and Seedling Vigor during Emergence of Rice under Different Soil Moisture Conditions

Seed priming is a physiological seed enhancement method. Hydro- or osmotic priming can advance germination under adequate moisture conditions. During direct seeding on well-drained paddy and upland fields, rice seeds occasionally encounter low soil moisture conditions. Under these conditions, rice seeds need to undergo rapid germination and secure emergence through improved water absorption capacity and seed bioactive. This study aims to clarify the effects of seed hydropriming on germination and seedling vigor in rice under different soil moisture conditions. The study employed three hydration conditions such as priming, soaking, and control. The seeds to be primed and soaked were submerged in tap water at 30℃ for 12 h. For priming, the seeds were subsequently dried to attain their initial seed weight, but the seeds for soaking were not dried before sowing, and the control seeds were untreated. In addition, different soil moisture conditions, such as 3%, 6%, 8%, 11%, 15%, and 20%, were set. Therefore, emergence time shortened with seed priming at 3%-11% soil moisture contents. In particular, at 8% soil moisture content, priming and soaking decreased emergence time by 26.8 h and 21.7 h, respectively compared with that of the control. At 8%-15% soil moisture contents, shoot elongation rate obtained with the priming seeds increased >1.2 times compared with that obtained with the control and soaking seeds. At >8% soil moisture content, shoot dry weight obtained with the priming seeds increased >1.3 times compared with that obtained with the soaking seeds. Furthermore, at declining soil moisture conditions, the increase in root dry weight is promoted by seed priming compared with that in the control seeds. These results suggest that increased root growth affects plant water absorption under low soil moisture conditions due to priming. This study demonstrates that seed priming facilitates rapid emergence and seedling vigor, unless extremely dry or flooded soil moisture conditions are present at seeding.

不同成熟期对花椰菜种子活力及相关生理生化指标的影响

花椰菜种子收获时常依据经验进行,易导致采收时期不当,对种子质量造成较大的影响。为研究花椰菜杂交种子成熟期与种子活力的关系,确定适宜的种子收获期,本研究以花椰菜品种瓯松60天为材料,分析了授粉后40、45、50、55、60、65 d不同成熟期种子物理性状、种子活力和抗氧化酶活性等指标变化。结果表明,随着种子成熟期延长,种子含水量、鲜种子千粒重呈降低趋势,种子浸泡液电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量先降低后趋于稳定,规定水分千粒重、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、发芽率、发芽势、活力指数、苗高、根长先增加后趋于稳定。不同授粉后天数之间比较结果表明,授粉后55、60、65 d,活力指数、苗高和根长差异不显著,但均显著高于50 d;规定水分千粒重、SOD活性、POD活性、MDA含量、电导率在授粉后55 d趋于稳定。回归分析结果表明,活力指数与鲜种子千粒重、种子含水量、MDA含量、电导率显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)线性负相关,与SOD和POD活性极显著线性正相关(P<0.01)。活力指数、SOD活性、POD活性、MDA含量、电导率与种子发育天数符合二项式函数变化:y_(活力指数)=-0.131x2+16.957x-344.480,y_(SOD活性)=-0.020x2+2.668x-10.420,y_(POD活性)=-0.112x2+14.417x-368.610,y_(MDA含量)=0.113x2-13.771x+433.780,y_(电导率)=0.088x2-10.319x+338.680,达显著或极显著水平,可用来预测不同发育天数种子的活力、保护酶清除活性氧自由基能力和细胞膜结构的完整性。综上,授粉后55 d,瓯松60天种子已达可采收程度,发芽率98%,规定水分千粒重4.364 g,种子活力和种子生理也趋于稳定,且对幼苗生长没有影响,还可降低种子易落粒损失风险。本研究结果为花椰菜杂交种子适时采收提供了理论依据。

基于Seed Identification软件的棉籽机器视觉快速精选

为了研究Seed Identification软件在棉花种子加工工艺和精选参数选择上应用的可行性,以鲁棉28酸脱绒棉籽为材料,通过扫描仪获取400粒棉籽的PNG图像,利用Seed Identification软件快速提取图像中棉籽的RGB、Lab、HSB、灰度、长度、宽度和投影面积等物理指标,通过卷纸发芽获得每颗幼苗鲜质量作为种子的活力指标,种子物理指标与种子活力的相关性分析表明:幼苗鲜质量与R、S、B(HSB)、b、宽度、长度、投影面积的相关系数均达到0.05显著水平。按R<90、S≤18、B(HSB)≤36、b≤4、宽度>4 mm、长度>7.2 mm、投影面积≥25 mm2对种子进行精选,发芽率可由原来的89%分别提高到96.1%、95.1%、95.1%、95.3%、93.1%、93.5%、94.4%,获选率分别为96.6%、99.2%、98.9%、97.8%、98.6%、97%、94.7%。验证试验将种子按以上指标精选后,发芽率分别为95.1%、95.1%、94.8%、94.8%、94.4%、94.4%、94.8%。该研究为基于机器视觉技术对脱绒棉种实施快速、有效精选提供了理论依据。