Two new species of Eurytoma,E.truncatumi Yang,Liu&Cao,sp.nov.and E.acutibialis Yang,Liu&Cao,sp.nov.,are described and illustrated,as the solitary larval and pupal ectoparasitoid of Bradybatus sp.(Coleoptera:Cu...Two new species of Eurytoma,E.truncatumi Yang,Liu&Cao,sp.nov.and E.acutibialis Yang,Liu&Cao,sp.nov.,are described and illustrated,as the solitary larval and pupal ectoparasitoid of Bradybatus sp.(Coleoptera:Curculionidae),a serious pest of purpleblow maple,Acer truncatum Bunge(Aceraceae).Photographs of the characters of the new species were provided.Typical materials were deposited in Insect Museum,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing.The biological characters observed and their biocontrol potential were also discussed.展开更多
By tracking the fate of individual seeds from 6 frugivore-dispersed plants with contrasting seed traits in a fragmented subtropical forest in Southwest China,we explored how rodent seed predation and hoarding we...By tracking the fate of individual seeds from 6 frugivore-dispersed plants with contrasting seed traits in a fragmented subtropical forest in Southwest China,we explored how rodent seed predation and hoarding were influenced by seed traits such as seed size,seed coat hardness and seed profitability.Post-dispersal seed fates varied significantly among the 6 seed species and 3 patterns were witnessed:large-seeded species with a hard seed coat(i.e.Choerospoadias axillaries and Diospyros kaki var.silvestris)had more seeds removed,cached and then surviving at caches,and they also had fewer seeds predated but a higher proportion of seeds surviving at the source;medium-sized species with higher profitability and thinner seed coat(i.e.Phoebe zhennan and Padus braohypoda)were first harvested and had the lowest probability of seeds surviving either at the source or at caches due to higher predation before or after removal;and small-seeded species with lower profitability(i.e.Elaeocarpus japonicas and Cornus controversa)had the highest probability of seeds surviving at the source but the lowest probability of seeds surviving at caches due to lower predation at the source and lower hoarding at caches.Our study indicates that patterns of seed predation,dispersal and survival among frugivore-dispersed plants are highly determined by seed traits such as seed size,seed defense and seed profitability due to selective predation and hoarding by seed-eating rodents.Therefore,trait-mediated seed predation,dispersal and survival via seed-eating rodents can largely affect population and community dynamics of frugivore-dispersed plants in fragmented forests.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Key Project of the Fundamental Fund of the Chinese Academy of Forestry(CAFYBB2020ZB005)。
文摘Two new species of Eurytoma,E.truncatumi Yang,Liu&Cao,sp.nov.and E.acutibialis Yang,Liu&Cao,sp.nov.,are described and illustrated,as the solitary larval and pupal ectoparasitoid of Bradybatus sp.(Coleoptera:Curculionidae),a serious pest of purpleblow maple,Acer truncatum Bunge(Aceraceae).Photographs of the characters of the new species were provided.Typical materials were deposited in Insect Museum,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing.The biological characters observed and their biocontrol potential were also discussed.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31071929,31240470)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-EW-N-05).
文摘By tracking the fate of individual seeds from 6 frugivore-dispersed plants with contrasting seed traits in a fragmented subtropical forest in Southwest China,we explored how rodent seed predation and hoarding were influenced by seed traits such as seed size,seed coat hardness and seed profitability.Post-dispersal seed fates varied significantly among the 6 seed species and 3 patterns were witnessed:large-seeded species with a hard seed coat(i.e.Choerospoadias axillaries and Diospyros kaki var.silvestris)had more seeds removed,cached and then surviving at caches,and they also had fewer seeds predated but a higher proportion of seeds surviving at the source;medium-sized species with higher profitability and thinner seed coat(i.e.Phoebe zhennan and Padus braohypoda)were first harvested and had the lowest probability of seeds surviving either at the source or at caches due to higher predation before or after removal;and small-seeded species with lower profitability(i.e.Elaeocarpus japonicas and Cornus controversa)had the highest probability of seeds surviving at the source but the lowest probability of seeds surviving at caches due to lower predation at the source and lower hoarding at caches.Our study indicates that patterns of seed predation,dispersal and survival among frugivore-dispersed plants are highly determined by seed traits such as seed size,seed defense and seed profitability due to selective predation and hoarding by seed-eating rodents.Therefore,trait-mediated seed predation,dispersal and survival via seed-eating rodents can largely affect population and community dynamics of frugivore-dispersed plants in fragmented forests.
