Seismic fine imaging and its significance for natural gas hydrate exploration in the Shenhu Test Area, South China Sea

Shenhu area in South China Sea includes extensive collapse and diapir structures,forming high-angle faults and vertical fracture system,which functions as a fluid migration channel for gas hydrate formation.In order to improve the imaging precision of natural gas hydrate in this area,especially for fault and fracture structures,the present work propose a velocity stitching technique that accelerates effectively the convergence of the shallow seafloor,indicating seafloor horizon interpretation and the initial interval velocity for model building.In the depth domain,pre-stack depth migration and residual curvature are built into the model based on high-precision grid-tomography velocity inversion,after several rounds of tomographic iterations,as the residual velocity field converges gradually.Test results of the Shenhu area show that the imaging precision of the fault zone is obviously improved,the fracture structures appear more clearly,the wave group characteristics significantly change for the better and the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution are improved.These improvements provide the necessary basis for the new reservoir model and field drilling risk tips,help optimize the favorable drilling target,and are crucial for the natural gas resource potential evaluation.

Deep structural research of the South China Sea: Progresses and directions

The South China Sea(SCS)is the hotspot of geological scientific research and nature resource exploration and development due to the potential for enormous hydrocarbon resource development and a complex formation and evolution process.The SCS has experienced complex geological processes including continental lithospheric breakup,seafloor spreading and oceanic crust subduction,which leads debates for decades.However,there are still no clear answers regarding to the following aspects:the crustal and Moho structure,the structure of the continent-ocean transition zone,the formation and evolution process and geodynamic mechanism,and deep processes and their coupling relationships with the petroliferous basins in the SCS.Under the guidance of the“Deep-Earth”science and technology innovation strategy of the Ministry of Natural Resources,deep structural and comprehensive geological research are carried out in the SCS.Geophysical investigations such as long array-large volume deep reflection seismic,gravity,magnetism and ocean bottom seismometer are carried out.The authors proposed that joint gravitymagnetic-seismic inversion should be used to obtain deep crustal information in the SCS and construct high resolution deep structural sections in different regions of the SCS.This paper systematically interpreted the formation and evolution of the SCS and explored the coupling relationship between deep structure and evolution of Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins in the SCS.It is of great significance for promoting the geosystem scientific research and resource exploration of the SCS.

漠河冻土带天然气水合物地震采集关键技术

由于陆域常年冻土带天然气水合物巨大的潜在资源价值,冻土带天然气水合物的勘探研究引起了人们的极大关注。不同于海域天然气水合物地震勘探技术渐趋于成熟,陆域冻土带天然气水合物地震勘探技术仍处于研究阶段,其在数据采集、处理、解释等各方面仍存在许多问题。文中针对中国陆域冻土带天然气水合物开展地震勘探采集技术研究;结合漠河冻土带特征,建立研究区地质模型,针对冻土层较薄以及区内深部构造复杂等勘探难点,利用基于波动方程的正演模拟方法进行观测系统参数论证,并通过对采集数据分析对比,提出了小道距、小炮距以及浅井炮、小炮、中炮交替激发以实现同时获取浅中深部信息的数据采集技术,并取得了进行储层预测和构造探测的高信噪比地震反射数据。