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Countermeasures for and Experiences in Seismic Hazard Mitigation in Uganda
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作者 I.Tumwikirize 《Earthquake Research in China》 1999年第1期87-94,共8页
For earthquake-prone countries of the world, it is crucial to develop countermeasures and to share experiences in seismic hazard mitigation. The measures for seismic hazard mitigation are related to many factors, e.g.... For earthquake-prone countries of the world, it is crucial to develop countermeasures and to share experiences in seismic hazard mitigation. The measures for seismic hazard mitigation are related to many factors, e.g., social, economic, and political. Research focused on modern science and technology paves the way for a better understanding of the earthquake phenomenon and helps to plan against its effects in seismically active areas.In this paper, we consider some of the events that occurred in earthquake-prone countries, both developing and developed, which caused devastation to the society and economy. These are mainly major events that have affected a considerable portion of the gross domestic product of these economies.Measures to mitigate seismic hazard are stressed and suggested. In addition, experiences in seismic hazard mitigation in Uganda and the rest of the world are discussed in general terms. Attention is given to geotectonic settings as well as the work of seismic hazard and disaster 展开更多
关键词 COUNTERMEASURES seismic HAZARD mitigation Uganda.
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Seismic pattern treatment method through calculation of seismic density at grid nodes 被引量:3
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作者 WANG Jian 《Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition)》 EI CSCD 2001年第3期274-279,共6页
Analysis of seismic data and seismicity characteristics in China, we gave a method to deal with seismic patterns by calculating density at grid nodes. Number of earthquakes and epicenter distribution are considered co... Analysis of seismic data and seismicity characteristics in China, we gave a method to deal with seismic patterns by calculating density at grid nodes. Number of earthquakes and epicenter distribution are considered comprehensively in this method. Effect of datum accuracy is stressed on parameter confirmation. Seismic patterns from this method are stable and can reflect seismic characteristics reliably. These seismic patterns are the base of quantitative analysis of seismicity. It can be applied in seismic tendency analysis and medium-long term earthquake prediction, earthquake countermeasure and risk mitigation. 展开更多
关键词 seismicITY seismic tendency analysis medium-long term earthquake prediction earthquake countermeasure and risk mitigation
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Seismic performance of two-story subway station structures with different isolating systems 被引量:1
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作者 Haiyang Zhuang Wei Wang +2 位作者 Liguo Jin Sheng Li Guoxing Chen 《Earthquake Research Advances》 CSCD 2022年第4期60-71,共12页
When the sliding bearing is fixed only at the top of the middle column of the underground structure,the cracks at the side end of the middle plate should be aggravated while the seismic damage of the mid-column should... When the sliding bearing is fixed only at the top of the middle column of the underground structure,the cracks at the side end of the middle plate should be aggravated while the seismic damage of the mid-column should be alleviated.To enhance the seismic performance of the mid-plate,a new isolation design method has been mentioned while the elastic sliding bearings are set at the top of the mid-columns and between the side end of the mid-plate and the side wall at the same time.By establishing a nonlinear finite element analysis model for the static-dynamic coupling interaction system,the seismic response characteristics of the cast-in-place station structure without a sliding bearing have been analyzed and compared with those of the station structure with the sliding bearing fixed only at the top of the middle columns,and those of the station structure with sliding bearing be fixed between the mid-plate and the sidewall at the same time.The results show that the new isolation station structures suffer fewer earthquake damages at the mid-plate and mid-columns at the same time,which can improve the overall seismic performance of the subway station structure. 展开更多
关键词 Subway station structure seismic performance Elastic sliding bearing seismic mitigation effect Numerical modelling
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A Study on the Seismic Isolation Systems of Bridges with Lead Rubber Bearings 被引量:1
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作者 Woo-Suk Kim Dong-Joon Ahn Jong-Kook Lee 《Open Journal of Civil Engineering》 2014年第4期361-372,共12页
This study consists of the development and presentation of example of seismic isolation system analysis and design for a continuous, 3-span, cast-in-place concrete box girder bridge. It is expected that example is dev... This study consists of the development and presentation of example of seismic isolation system analysis and design for a continuous, 3-span, cast-in-place concrete box girder bridge. It is expected that example is developed for all Lead-Rubber Bearing (LRB) seismic isolation system on piers and abutments which placed in between super-structure and sub-structure. Design forces, displacements, and drifts are given distinctive consideration in accordance with Caltrans Seismic Design Criteria (2004). Most of all, total displacement on design for all LRBs case is reduced comparing with combined lead-rubber and elastomeric bearing system . Therefore, this represents substantial reduction in cost because of reduction of expansion joint. This presents a summary of analysis and design of seismic isolation system by energy mitigation with LRB on bridges. 展开更多
关键词 seismic ISOLATION System Bridge Lead Rubber BEARING (LRB) Energy mitigation
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Large, moderate, small earthquakes and seismic fortification criterion
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作者 SHEN Jian-wen(沈建文) +1 位作者 SHI Shu-zhong(石树中) 《Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition)》 CSCD 2004年第5期589-595,共7页
This paper discusses the relation between two-step seismic design and the standard of probability of exceedance, and the relation of three-levels seismic ground motion parameters given by probability method and compre... This paper discusses the relation between two-step seismic design and the standard of probability of exceedance, and the relation of three-levels seismic ground motion parameters given by probability method and comprehensive probability method. The relative size relations of the ground motions with 2%, 10%, 63% probability of exceedance in 50 years, namely large earthquake, moderate earthquake, and small earthquake, are discussed through a practical example of seismic hazard analysis. The methods to determine seismic fortification criterion are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 seismic safety evaluation seismic fortification criterion earthquake resistance and disaster mitigation
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Reducing seismic risk by understanding its cultural roots: Inference from an Italian case history
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作者 Francesco Stoppa Chiara Berti 《Natural Science》 2013年第8期78-91,共14页
The paper discusses how to approach the problem of the social mitigation of seismic risk, in order to reduce damage and grief consequent to earthquakes. An alert protocol, intended as a working hypothesis, is proposed... The paper discusses how to approach the problem of the social mitigation of seismic risk, in order to reduce damage and grief consequent to earthquakes. An alert protocol, intended as a working hypothesis, is proposed based on the experience gained from analysis of the behaviour and social response to the threat before and after the great disaster of the L’Aquila earthquake on 6th April 2009. Authors propose a protocol addressing four levels of increasing alert based on signs of earthquake preparation and social concerns. In this sense, it works as an intensity scale and does not strictly relate to earthquake size (magnitude) or seismic hazard. The proposed alert protocol provides sensible measures for reducing vulnerability, which is the only factor that can be more or less efficiently controlled, based on structural and behavioural adjustments. Factors indicating the difficult relationship between politicians, scientific community and citizens are considered: 1) a serious gap between researchers and citizens;2) measures adopted by local administrators and the National Civil Protection Service not agreed by the population;3) misunderstanding originated from a lack of clarity of communication about scientific terminology;and 4) the lack of an alert procedure protocol. In the current situation, all these problems are crucial and contribute to the unpreparedness to face a seismic event, and thus greatly increase the risk. The adoption and implementation of an alert procedure protocol requires a preliminary assessment of the context and should be adapted to the local sensibility and culture. The application of a protocol may reduce the contrasts between preventive measures and individual responsibilities, making mitigation measures more feasible and socially acceptable. In this paper, risk evaluation is not strictly related to probabilistic or deterministic predictions. In fact, this is a result of a project that comes from the general analysis of risk and is not intended to give an alternative hazard estimate method. This paper proposes an alert protocol addressing four levels of increasing alert based on signs of earthquake generating preparation and social concerns. Finally, there is a suggestion on how to gradually communicate the threat and get citizens involved in the risk mitigation process. 展开更多
关键词 seismic RISK RISK mitigation ALERT Communication Social REPRESENTATIONS 2009 L’Aquila Earthquake
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The Characteristics of Earthquake Disasters and Countermeasures for Their Mitigation in Metropolitans
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作者 Gao MengtanInstitute of Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau, Beijing 100081, China 《Earthquake Research in China》 2003年第4期297-304,共8页
Metropolitans are a result of fast economic development in China. Many metropolitans have emerged in the eastern part of China. Earthquake disasters in metropolitans are more complicated and serious than those in a sm... Metropolitans are a result of fast economic development in China. Many metropolitans have emerged in the eastern part of China. Earthquake disasters in metropolitans are more complicated and serious than those in a smaller city, and the impact of earthquake disaster on the economy and society is large. The characteristics of earthquake disasters and countermeasures to protect against and mitigate disaster in the metropolitan, as well as some key research fields in the earthquake disaster protection and mitigation, are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 METROPOLITAN Earthquake disaster seismic hazard Countermeasure of disaster mitigation
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Overview of Earthquake Preparedness and Disaster Mitigation in China1
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作者 Zhu ShilongDepartment of International Cooperation, China Seismological Bureau, Beijing 100036, China 《Earthquake Research in China》 2002年第3期210-216,共7页
As an earthquake-prone country, China has made sustained efforts in the study of earthquakes and disaster mitigation during the past several decades, with China Seismological Bureau (CSB) as the backbone of these effo... As an earthquake-prone country, China has made sustained efforts in the study of earthquakes and disaster mitigation during the past several decades, with China Seismological Bureau (CSB) as the backbone of these efforts. Working towards this purpose, a series of key projects were implemented in the “Ninth Five-Year Plan” (1995-2000) to upgrade earthquake monitoring systems and to improve the supporting infrastructure, significant results in earthquake science were achieved. In the new century, we have worked out a blueprint for earthquake preparedness and disaster mitigation in the “Tenth Five-Year Plan”, which emphases 3 systems (i.e. Seismic Monitoring & Prediction, Seismic Hazards Prevention, Emergency Response), and 10 key projects in earthquake science and technology. 展开更多
关键词 Earthquake preparedness Disaster mitigation Earthquake monitoring system seismic hazards prevention Emergency response
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长持时地震动对建筑结构抗震影响的研究进展 被引量:1
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作者 王维 李爱群 王星星 《工程力学》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第9期18-30,共13页
该文综述了长持时地震动作用下建筑结构抗震性能的研究进展。介绍了长持时地震动的定义和特性;梳理了长持时地震动作用下建筑结构数值模拟、试验研究和理论分析的研究进展;详细综述了长持时地震动作用下建筑结构的延性性能、耗能能力、... 该文综述了长持时地震动作用下建筑结构抗震性能的研究进展。介绍了长持时地震动的定义和特性;梳理了长持时地震动作用下建筑结构数值模拟、试验研究和理论分析的研究进展;详细综述了长持时地震动作用下建筑结构的延性性能、耗能能力、易损性和抗倒塌性能的研究进展。此外,介绍了考虑长持时地震作用影响的建筑结构抗震设计方法,梳理了国内外建筑结构抗震设计规范对长持时地震作用的考虑方法,并对长持时地震动作用下建筑结构抗震性能的研究进行了展望。建议关注长持时地震动作用下建筑结构的抗震性能,进一步研究长持时地震动的定义和特性,改进长持时地震动作用下建筑结构的数值模拟、理论分析和试验研究方法,深入探讨长持时地震动作用下各类建筑结构的地震响应、易损性和抗倒塌性能,为未来结构抗震设计及评估中考虑长持时地震作用的影响和规范修订提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 防灾减灾工程及防护工程 综述 长持时地震动 定义 建筑结构 抗震性能 设计方法
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大倾角钢箱提篮拱桥总体设计 被引量:2
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作者 陈楚龙 吴晓勤 +1 位作者 刘新华 朱玉 《世界桥梁》 北大核心 2024年第1期13-18,共6页
考虑施工技术、经济性和景观效果等方面,陕西蔡家坡渭河特大桥主桥采用(35+210+35) m大倾角钢箱提篮拱桥。该桥采用摩擦摆和环向钢丝绳阻尼支座综合减隔震约束体系,以降低结构的地震响应。拱肋为单室等宽钢箱截面,采用主、副拱肋2条悬链... 考虑施工技术、经济性和景观效果等方面,陕西蔡家坡渭河特大桥主桥采用(35+210+35) m大倾角钢箱提篮拱桥。该桥采用摩擦摆和环向钢丝绳阻尼支座综合减隔震约束体系,以降低结构的地震响应。拱肋为单室等宽钢箱截面,采用主、副拱肋2条悬链线,主、副拱肋共面,设计为横向内倾20°的大倾角,在提高桥梁景观效果的同时,又有效提高了结构的整体稳定性;拱肋设钢-混结合段连接拱脚与混凝土拱座。桥面系采用自重较轻的正交异性钢桥面板结构。吊杆采用抗拉强度1 860 MPa的环氧柔性钢绞线。基础采用Φ2.5 m的钻孔灌注群桩,以抵抗软弱地质条件下荷载的竖向及水平作用力。该桥总体采用先梁后拱的施工方案。整体及局部有限元分析结果表明,桥梁结构力学性能均满足规范要求,设计安全可靠。 展开更多
关键词 钢箱提篮拱桥 大倾角拱肋 减隔震约束体系 正交异性板 群桩基础 先梁后拱 桥梁设计
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减隔震技术对9度近断层区框架结构抗震性能影响与经济性分析
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作者 潘毅 晏方浩 +2 位作者 熊耀清 金杨颜 胡伟 《建筑结构》 北大核心 2024年第20期34-42,共9页
为研究减隔震技术对9度近断层区框架结构抗震性能影响及其经济性,以某多层框架结构为研究对象,在保证结构力学指标为85%的规范限值的原则下,对其分别进行抗震、减震、隔震设计,采用ETABS软件建立结构的抗震、减震、隔震模型并对其进行... 为研究减隔震技术对9度近断层区框架结构抗震性能影响及其经济性,以某多层框架结构为研究对象,在保证结构力学指标为85%的规范限值的原则下,对其分别进行抗震、减震、隔震设计,采用ETABS软件建立结构的抗震、减震、隔震模型并对其进行近断层和非近断层地震动作用下的抗震性能对比分析,以及工程量和经济性分析。结果表明,各模型在近断层地震动下的反应大于非近断层地震动下的。在近断层罕遇地震下,相较于抗震模型,隔震模型最大层间位移角减小6898%,楼面峰值加速度减小7677%,楼层剪力减小8367%;相较于抗震、减震模型,隔震模型在近断层多遇地震和设防地震下的响应及填充墙破坏程度最小,隔震结构抗震性能最优。相较于抗震模型,减震、隔震模型造价分别降低857%、554%,所以减震设计的工程造价最低。 展开更多
关键词 9度设防烈度 近断层地震动 框架结构 隔震设计 减震设计 抗震性能 经济性
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颗粒阻尼器对输电塔线系统减震性能研究
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作者 鲁正 沈也雷 +2 位作者 谭淇航 荣坤杰 田利 《工程力学》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第7期9-18,共10页
对输电塔线系统进行缩尺模型振动台实验,从时域和频域的角度,对比了调谐质量阻尼器和颗粒阻尼器对输电塔的减震效果。利用ABAQUS建立了颗粒阻尼器控制输电塔线系统的离散元-有限元高精度耦合数值模型,对比了实验和模拟结果,并对塔线系... 对输电塔线系统进行缩尺模型振动台实验,从时域和频域的角度,对比了调谐质量阻尼器和颗粒阻尼器对输电塔的减震效果。利用ABAQUS建立了颗粒阻尼器控制输电塔线系统的离散元-有限元高精度耦合数值模型,对比了实验和模拟结果,并对塔线系统的耗能情况及颗粒阻尼器内部颗粒运动碰撞情况进行分析。研究结果表明:在地震激励下,颗粒阻尼器的减震效果较调谐质量阻尼器有更好的鲁棒性;该文所建立的颗粒阻尼器控制输电塔线系统模型能够良好地反映试件的动力特性和地震响应;在颗粒阻尼器的控制下,塔线系统总能量降低24.12%。当颗粒之间的碰撞次数和颗粒与容器的碰撞次数满足一定比例关系时,颗粒阻尼器能实现更优的控制效果。 展开更多
关键词 输电塔线系统 颗粒阻尼器 离散单元法 减震性能 振动台实验
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框架-分布双段摇摆芯筒-核心筒体系调谐减震机理及性能研究
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作者 何浩祥 陈易飞 +1 位作者 程时涛 兰炳稷 《振动工程学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第9期1593-1605,共13页
为了减小传统框架-核心筒(FCT)结构体系筒体围合面积,进一步提高结构的经济性,提出框架-分布芯筒-核心筒(FDCT)高层结构体系;将分布芯筒与摇摆体系相结合形成框架-分布摇摆芯筒-核心筒(FDRCT)结构体系,旨在控制结构的变形模式。为了降... 为了减小传统框架-核心筒(FCT)结构体系筒体围合面积,进一步提高结构的经济性,提出框架-分布芯筒-核心筒(FDCT)高层结构体系;将分布芯筒与摇摆体系相结合形成框架-分布摇摆芯筒-核心筒(FDRCT)结构体系,旨在控制结构的变形模式。为了降低高阶振型对高层结构的不利影响,进一步提出具有调谐减震性能的框架-分布双段摇摆芯筒-核心筒(FDBRCT)结构体系。建立各结构的动力学模型和方程,并进行平稳随机振动分析,初步证明FDBRCT结构可以更为有效地降低结构的动力响应。对比FCT,FDCT,FDRCT以及FDBRCT结构的时程分析结果,FDCT结构由于刚度被削弱导致抗震能力下降,FDRCT改善了结构变形的不均匀程度,上部楼层加速度有所减小但顶层位移会增大。相较于FDRCT结构,FDBRCT结构的层间位移角最大值明显减小,变形更加均匀,适当降低了顶层位移响应以及内力需求,具备调谐能力的分布双段摇摆芯筒使FDBRCT结构在提高经济性的同时兼具更为优越的抗震、减震性能。 展开更多
关键词 框架-核心筒结构 分布摇摆芯筒 分布双段摇摆芯筒 高阶振型 调谐减震
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高烈度区长联PC连续梁桥减隔震措施分析
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作者 李杰 郝道洪 +2 位作者 耿玉鹏 祝闯 冯腾达 《中国科技论文》 CAS 2024年第5期575-582,共8页
为了明确高烈度区长联预应力混凝土(prestressed concrete,PC)连续梁桥滑动摩擦摆式支座的减隔震性能,针对设防烈度为9度的某长联PC连续梁桥,利用CSiBridge软件建立大桥空间梁单元非线性分析模型,以普通球型钢支座地震响应为基准,对比... 为了明确高烈度区长联预应力混凝土(prestressed concrete,PC)连续梁桥滑动摩擦摆式支座的减隔震性能,针对设防烈度为9度的某长联PC连续梁桥,利用CSiBridge软件建立大桥空间梁单元非线性分析模型,以普通球型钢支座地震响应为基准,对比分析铅芯橡胶支座与滑动摩擦摆式支座的减隔震性能,并对滑动摩擦摆式支座的摩擦系数和支座曲率进行参数分析。结果表明:在长联连续梁桥中,相比于铅芯橡胶支座,滑动摩擦摆式支座减隔震效果更好,固定墩内力与变形更小,全桥受力更加均匀合理;对于滑动摩擦摆式支座,摩擦系数越大,长联连续梁固定墩墩底弯矩与墩顶位移越大,摩擦系数变化20%,固定墩墩底弯矩最大值变化约1.67%,墩顶位移极值变化约1.45%;支座曲率半径对长联连续梁地震响应的减隔震性能影响较小,曲率半径增大1.5 m,固定墩墩底弯矩最大值增大约0.97%,固定墩墩顶位移增幅约为0.37%~1.39%。 展开更多
关键词 高烈度区 长联连续梁桥 减隔震 滑动摩擦摆式支座
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模块化混凝土结构抗震性能研究进展 被引量:1
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作者 杨浩文 薛伟辰 江佳斐 《施工技术(中英文)》 CAS 2024年第6期1-8,71,共9页
模块化混凝土结构是一类以工厂预制、现场组装的三维模块为基本单元的混凝土结构,具有装配率高、施工周期短、质量控制好等特点。按参与受力程度的不同,将模块化混凝土结构划分为模块完全参与受力、部分参与受力和不参与受力3类。对比... 模块化混凝土结构是一类以工厂预制、现场组装的三维模块为基本单元的混凝土结构,具有装配率高、施工周期短、质量控制好等特点。按参与受力程度的不同,将模块化混凝土结构划分为模块完全参与受力、部分参与受力和不参与受力3类。对比分析了3类模块化混凝土结构的特点及模块化混凝土结构中典型的节点连接方式,概述了国内外有关其抗震性能的研究现状,介绍了减隔震技术在模块化混凝土结构中的应用研究现状,并总结了相关技术标准与工程应用最新进展。最后,对模块化混凝土结构的研究方向进行了展望。 展开更多
关键词 模块化 混凝土结构 抗震性能 减隔震 节点连接
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济阳黄河公铁两用特大桥主桥设计关键技术 被引量:1
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作者 孙宗磊 冯亚成 张小坤 《桥梁建设》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期119-125,共7页
济阳黄河公铁两用特大桥主桥为四塔三主跨、非对称矮塔钢桁梁斜拉桥,孔跨布置为(84+144+228+240+300+120+60)m。桥塔采用扁钢箱形桥塔,主墩采用矩形截面实心门式墩,主墩基础采用直径2 m钻孔灌注桩,主梁采用双层板桁结合的钢桁梁。通过... 济阳黄河公铁两用特大桥主桥为四塔三主跨、非对称矮塔钢桁梁斜拉桥,孔跨布置为(84+144+228+240+300+120+60)m。桥塔采用扁钢箱形桥塔,主墩采用矩形截面实心门式墩,主墩基础采用直径2 m钻孔灌注桩,主梁采用双层板桁结合的钢桁梁。通过结构体系比选,主桥采用塔梁固结、塔墩分离的结构体系,可显著降低长联钢结构温度效应。主梁采用超宽双主桁直桁及铁路桥面非行车道区域镂空设计,构造简洁且能很好地与结构体系相适应。铁路桥面系顶板采用不锈钢复合板,提高了耐久性和经济性;公路桥面采用压重设计,解决了负反力问题。该桥桥塔采用了融入齐鲁文化的“齐鲁之魂”造型,使结构更好地融入周围环境。主梁节段模型和全桥气弹模型风洞试验表明,主梁的颤振性能、涡振性能及静风稳定性均满足抗风安全需求。通过阻尼器斜置的减隔震设计方案,解决了桥梁顺桥向及横桥向2个方向的抗震难题。应用钢结构桥梁参数化建模、智慧建造及健康监测技术,保障桥梁结构安全。 展开更多
关键词 公路铁路两用桥 矮塔斜拉桥 结构体系 钢桁梁 桥塔造型 抗风性能 减隔震技术 桥梁设计
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用于隧道减震的叠层剪切吸能结构剪切性能试验研究
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作者 曹安廷 张学朋 +5 位作者 蒋宇静 苏航 李宁博 何磊 薛娇 王荣超 《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期822-835,共14页
提出一种新型叠层剪切吸能(LSED)结构改变衬砌连接方式,能够保证隧道在轴向上具有良好的变形能力和在环向上具有较好的抵抗变形的刚性能力。基于LSED结构的竖向承载和剪切变形能力开展LSED结构的室内剪切试验和数值试验研究,利用变异系... 提出一种新型叠层剪切吸能(LSED)结构改变衬砌连接方式,能够保证隧道在轴向上具有良好的变形能力和在环向上具有较好的抵抗变形的刚性能力。基于LSED结构的竖向承载和剪切变形能力开展LSED结构的室内剪切试验和数值试验研究,利用变异系数法评价橡胶剪切模量、橡胶层单层厚度、橡胶层层数和结构有效直径等因素对LSED结构水平剪切性能影响的权重。最后,利用有限元软件ABAQUS建立LSED结构-隧道衬砌-围岩三维精细化工程模型,并采用动力时程分析方法对其地震响应进行分析。研究结果表明:在压剪状态下,结构整体位移由下到上逐渐增大,橡胶层的受拉区主要集中在外侧边缘,拉应力及其分布面积由两端向中间逐渐减小,上表面的最大名义主应变最大值由上到下逐渐减小;钢板层较大应力区域主要分布在靠近上下封板部位。设计因素中橡胶剪切模量和结构内部钢板直径对LSED结构的水平等效刚度的影响更为显著;LSED结构的设置能有效降低衬砌的地震响应,且减震率达到45%以上。 展开更多
关键词 隧道 叠层剪切吸能控制 剪切性能 相关性分析 减震效果
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摩擦摆支座在软弱夹层场地地下结构中的减震效果分析
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作者 许紫刚 李淳宇 +2 位作者 徐长节 庄海洋 张季 《科学技术与工程》 北大核心 2024年第17期7278-7287,共10页
较一般成层场地而言,软弱夹层场地中地下结构抗震与减震问题更为突出。以双层双跨矩形框架地铁车站结构为研究对象,基于有限元软件ABAQUS,建立土-结构体系的静动力耦合有限元分析模型,研究软弱夹层对地铁车站结构的地震响应规律的影响,... 较一般成层场地而言,软弱夹层场地中地下结构抗震与减震问题更为突出。以双层双跨矩形框架地铁车站结构为研究对象,基于有限元软件ABAQUS,建立土-结构体系的静动力耦合有限元分析模型,研究软弱夹层对地铁车站结构的地震响应规律的影响,并对比分析了设置摩擦摆支座的车站结构在均质场地和软弱夹层场地的减震效果。结果表明:软弱夹层穿越地铁车站结构时,结构的整体和中柱的变形以及中柱底部的内力会大幅度增加,且随着夹层厚度增加,结构变形和内力的增加幅度更为明显。在中柱顶部设置摩擦摆支座,中柱的最大位移以及内力值均减小,且软弱夹层场地中摩擦摆支座的减震效果要明显优于一般均质场地,建议在软弱夹层场地地下结构中采用摩擦摆支座进行减震设计。 展开更多
关键词 摩擦摆支座 软弱夹层 地铁车站 地震响应 减震
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软土场地三塔斜拉桥纵向减震体系研究
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作者 蒋湘平 张鹏辉 +2 位作者 王志平 刘振标 李建中 《铁道标准设计》 北大核心 2024年第9期95-103,共9页
为控制软土场地三塔斜拉桥在强震中的纵向位移,同时使上部结构惯性力在3个桥塔中均匀分配,以跨径435 m的双主跨三塔组合梁斜拉桥为背景,建立中塔设固定支座-边塔设阻尼器、三塔均设阻尼器、中塔弹性连接-边塔设阻尼器3种减震体系的有限... 为控制软土场地三塔斜拉桥在强震中的纵向位移,同时使上部结构惯性力在3个桥塔中均匀分配,以跨径435 m的双主跨三塔组合梁斜拉桥为背景,建立中塔设固定支座-边塔设阻尼器、三塔均设阻尼器、中塔弹性连接-边塔设阻尼器3种减震体系的有限元模型,采用非线性时程分析方法对每个体系进行阻尼器参数敏感性分析并拟定合理的参数。基于得到的最优阻尼器参数,对比3种减震体系的动力特性、位移/内力响应及阻尼器减震率,并分析各体系的中边塔内力差。研究表明:中塔弹性连接-边塔设阻尼器体系的弹性约束刚度宜为1.0×10^(4) kN/m;拟定3个体系的合理阻尼参数分别为α=0.1/C=8000,α=0.3/C=5000,α=0.3/C=7000;中塔设固定支座-边塔设阻尼器体系周期小、地震力大且边中塔的剪力与弯矩差率高达-57.9%、-45.1%,在设计中不宜选用此体系;其余两个体系具有较好的抗震性能,梁端位移减震率分别为47.44%与41.78%,边中塔弯矩差率均仅为18.6%,综合来看,三塔均设阻尼器体系的减震效果及三塔分配地震力的均衡性略优;进行同类桥梁抗震设计时,建议选用三塔均设阻尼器体系或中塔弹性连接-边塔设阻尼器体系。 展开更多
关键词 铁路桥 斜拉桥 软土场地 抗震性能 减震体系 阻尼器
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大跨超长联跨海连续梁桥纵向抗震体系研究
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作者 张景钰 何友娣 李龙安 《工程抗震与加固改造》 北大核心 2024年第4期41-49,共9页
为研究大跨超长联跨海连续梁桥的纵向抗震体系,以某长联连续梁桥[(60+22×80+60)m]为研究对象,采用传统隔震体系和减隔震体系进行抗震设计,采用Midas/Civil建立全桥有限元模型,比较采用不同抗震体系及其边界参数时桥墩在罕遇地震作... 为研究大跨超长联跨海连续梁桥的纵向抗震体系,以某长联连续梁桥[(60+22×80+60)m]为研究对象,采用传统隔震体系和减隔震体系进行抗震设计,采用Midas/Civil建立全桥有限元模型,比较采用不同抗震体系及其边界参数时桥墩在罕遇地震作用下的地震响应。计算结果表明:对于传统体系,设置多个固定墩,可以在一定程度上降低结构的内力响应和限制桥梁的纵向位移,但结构内力和位移仍处于较高的水平,因此设置多个固定墩并不是行之有效的抗震结构体系;对于延性设计,塑性铰的耗能特性可以有效降低结构内力响应,其塑性变形特性会增大位移响应,但对于位于水中的桥墩,鉴于震后构件修复的难易程度,当考虑采用延性设计体系时应当予以更多的关注;对于减隔震体系,摩擦摆支座可以有效降低结构内力和限制桥梁的纵向位移,具有良好的减隔震效果,结构的安全性得到了显著提高,结构内力和位移与减隔震支座的个数之间并非简单的线性关系,应通过对结构内力的详细计算后确定。 展开更多
关键词 大跨超长联 抗震体系 传统设计 减隔震设计 延性设计 抗震性能 连续梁桥
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