Seismic Performance of High-Strength Short Concrete Column with High-Strength Stirrups Constraints

The seismic performance of four short concrete columns was investigated under low cycle and repeated loads, including the failure characteristics, hysteretic behavior, rigidity degeneracy and steel-bar stress. The influences of reinforcement strength, stirrup ratio and shear span ratio were also compared. Test results reveal that the restriction effect of stirrups can improve the peak stress, so the bearing capacity of specimen can be improved; for the high-strength short concrete column with high-strength stirrups, it was more reasonable to use ultimate displacement angle to reflect the ductility of the specimen, and the yield strength of high-strength stirrups should be devalued when calculating the stirrup characteristic value; the seismic performance of short column would be improved with the increase of volume–stirrup ratio and shear span ratio; the high-strength stirrups and high-strength longitudinal reinforcements did not yield when the load acting on the specimen reached the peak value, which brought adequate safety stock to these short columns. © 2017, Tianjin University and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Experimental study on the seismic behavior of high strength concrete fi lled double-tube columns

To study the seismic behavior of high strength concrete fi lled double-tube(CFDT) columns,each consisting of an external square steel tube and an internal circular steel tube,quasi-static tests on eight CFDT column specimens were conducted.The test variables included the width-to-thickness ratio(β1) and the area ratio(β2) of the square steel tube,the wall thickness of the circular steel tube,and the axial force(or the axial force ratio) applied to the CFDT columns.The test results indicate that for CFDT columns with a square steel tube with β1 of 50.1 and 24.5,local buckling of the specimen was found at a drift ratio of 1/150 and 1/50,respectively.The lateral force-displacement hysteretic loops of all specimens were plump and stable.Reducing the width-to-thickness ratio of the square steel tube,increasing its area ratio,or increasing the wall thickness of the internal circular steel tube,led to an increased fl exural strength and deformation capacity of the specimens.Increasing the design value of the axial force ratio from 0.8 to 1.0 may increase the fl exural strength of the specimens,while it may also decrease the ultimate deformation capacity of the specimen with β1 of 50.1.

Seismic demand of plan-asymmetric structures:a revisit

In view of the recognition of the importance of the interdependent behavior of strength and stiffness of walltype structural elements,the seismic demand of plan-asymmetric systems is revisited.Useful strength distribution strategies,i.e.,＇Center of Strength-Center of Mass（CV-CM） coinciding＇ and ＇Balanced Center of Strength-Center of Resistance（CVCR）＇ are adopted.Design charts for the seismic demand of classical uni-directionally and bi-directionally asymmetric systems are developed in a simple unified format.A conceptual framework is also outlined to conveniently apply the design charts.Illustrations are included to explain the use of the current recommendations in practical design.The study also highlights the relative performance of ＇CV-CM coinciding＇ and ＇Balanced CV-CR＇ criteria.

Prediction for Potential Landslide Zones Using Seismic Amplitude in Liwan Gas Field, Northern South China Sea

The Liwan(Lw) gas field located in the northern slope of the South China Sea(SCS) is extremely complex for its seafloor topograghy, which is a huge challenge for the safety of subsea facilities. It is economically impractical to obtain parameters for risk assessment of slope stability through a large amount of sampling over the whole field. The linkage between soil shear strength and seabed peak amplitude derived from 2D/3D seismic data is helpful for understanding the regional slope-instability risk. In this paper, the relationships among seabed peak, acoustic impedance and shear strength of shallow soil in the study area were discussed based on statistical analysis results. We obtained a similar relationship to that obtained in other deep-water areas. There is a positive correlation between seabed peak amplitude and acoustic impedance and an exponential relationship between acoustic impedance and shear strength of sediment. The acoustic impedance is the key factor linking the seismic amplitude and shear strength. Infinite slope stability analysis results indicate the areas have a high potential of shallow landslide on slopes exceeding 15? when the thickness of loose sediments exceeds 8 m in the Lw gas field. Our prediction shows that they are mainly located in the heads and walls of submarine canyons.

Seismic vulnerability evaluation of axially loaded steel built-up laced members II:evaluations

The test results described in Part 1 of this paper （Lee and Bruneau, 2008） on twelve steel built-up laced members （BLMs） subjected to quasi-static loading are analyzed to provide better knowledge on their seismic behavior. Strength capacity of the BLM specimens is correlated with the strength predicted by the AISC LRFD Specifications. Assessments of hysteretic properties such as ductility capacity, energy dissipation capacity, and strength degradation after buckling of the specimen are performed. The compressive strength of BLMs is found to be relatively well predicted by the AISC LRFD Specifications. BLMs with smaller kl/r were ductile but failed to reach the target ductility of 3.0 before starting to fracture, while those with larger kl/r could meet the ductility demand in most cases. The normalized energy dissipation ratio, EC/ET and the normalized compressive strength degradation, Cr″/Cr of BLMs typically decrease as normalized displacements δ/δb,exp increase, and the ratios for specimens with larger kl/r dropped more rapidly than for specimens with smaller kl/r; similar trends were observed for the monolithic braces. The BLMs with a smaller slenderness ratio, kl/r, and width-to-thickness ratio, b/t, experienced a larger number of inelastic cycles than those with larger ratios.

Seismic response of high-rise steel framed buildings with Chevron-braced designed according to Venezuelan codes

The object of this study is to determine the seismic response of regular high-rise steel buildings with chevron-braced frames. Mechanics models of three buildings of 14, 18 and 20 stories are studied, all of them with similar geometric characteristics in plant and elevation. These models are realized using prescriptions and parameters from venezuelan design codes. The seismic action is carry on through varius synthetic design spectrum compatible accelerograms defined by the seismic codes in this study, with three levels of intensity corresponding to three specific Limit States. Dynamic analysis is used to compute parameters of ductility, over strength and maximum displacements. From these results it can be concluded that chevron-braced frames presented a good overall performance and non V-braced frames show greater damage due to dynamic actions, validating non linear dynamic analysis as a very powerful tool to seismic-resistance design and chevron-braced frames as a very useful choice in improving the response of tall steel structures. since this lateral bracing system is absent from Venezuelan seismic codes.

Experimental research on behavior of 460 MPa high strength steel I-section columns under cyclic loading

To investigate the seismic behavior of I-section columns made of 460 MPa high strength steel （HSS）, six specimens were tested under constant axial load and cyclic horizontal load. The specimens were designed with different width-to-thickness ratios and loaded under different axial load ratios. For each specimen, the failure mode was observed and hysteretic curve was measured. Comparison of different specimens on hysteretic characteristic, energy dissipation capacity and deformation capacity were further investigated. Test results showed that the degradation of bearing capacity was due to local buckling of flange and web. Under the same axial load ratio, as width-to-thickness ratio increased, the deformation area of local buckling became smaller. And also, displacement level at both peak load and failure load became smaller. In addition, the full extent of hysteretic curve, energy dissipation capacity, ultimate story drift angle decreased, and capacity degradation occurred more rapidly with the increase of width-to-thickness ratio or axial load ratio. Based on the capacity of story drift angle, limiting values which shall not be exceeded are suggested respectively for flange and web plate of 460 MPa HSS I-section columns when used in SMFs and in IMFs in the case of axial load ratio no more than 0.2. Such values should be smaller when the axial load ratio increases.

Pseudo-dynamic test and numerical simulation of high-strength concrete frame structure reinforced with high-strength rebars

This paper describes an investigation of a high-strength concrete frame reinforced with high-strength rebars that was tested in the structure engineering laboratory at Shenyang Jianzhu University. The frame specimen was pseudo- dynamically loaded to indicate three earthquake ground motions of different hazard levels, after which the test specimen was subjected to a pseudo-static loading. This paper focuses on the design, construction and experiment of the test frame and validation of the simulation models. Research shows that a high-strength concrete frame reinforced with high-strength rebars is more efficient and economical than a traditional reinforced concrete frame structure. In addition to the economies achieved by effective use of materials, research shows that the frame can provide enough strength to exceed conventional reinforced concrete frames and provide acceptable ductility. The test study provides evidence to validate the performance of a high- strength concrete frame designed according to current seismic code provisions. Based on previous test research, a nonlinear FEM analysis is completcd by using OpenSees software, The dynamic responses of the frame structure are numerically analyzed, The results of the numerical simulation show that the model can calculate the seismic responses of the frame by OpenSees. At the same time, the test provides additional opportunities to validate the performance of the simulation models.

不同性能水平下600 MPa级高强钢筋混凝土柱位移角限值研究

基于性能抗震设计思想的600 MPa级高强钢筋混凝土柱位移角限值研究,对于推广高强钢筋混凝土柱的应用至关重要。通过17根HTRB630高强钢筋混凝土柱试件和3根HRB400钢筋混凝土柱试件的拟静力试验研究了其抗震性能。与HRB400钢筋混凝土柱相比,HTRB630高强钢筋混凝土柱的滞回曲线的形状没有发生明显改变,试件具有较好的承载能力和延性。将基于Kunnath损伤模型计算的损伤指数与试验中测量的损伤指数范围进行了比较,结果表明,Kunnath损伤模型可以准确计算HTRB630高强钢筋混凝土柱的损伤指标。根据HTRB630高强钢筋混凝土柱的破坏特点,以屈服点、峰值点和极限点作为高强钢筋混凝土柱的性能水平控制点。基于性能抗震设计的思想,将600 MPa级高强钢筋混凝土柱的性能水平划分为5个性能水平,即正常使用、暂时使用、修复后使用、生命安全和接近倒塌性能水平。结合参考文献中600 MPa级高强钢筋混凝土柱的试验数据,对65个600 MPa级高强钢筋混凝土柱各特征点的位移角进行了相对频率统计分析,得到了600 MPa级高强钢筋混凝土柱在暂时使用、修复后使用和接近倒塌3个性能水平下具有超过90%安全保证率的位移角限值分别为1/150、1/80和1/60。

循环荷载下渭北地区黄土动力特性分析

为研究渭北地区的黄土动力学特性分析,通过TYS-20型土动三轴试验机,研究不同围压下黄土的动本构关系以及动骨干曲线,分析黄土的动剪模量比和阻尼比的关系,提出动剪切模量衰减模型和阻尼增长模型;研究不同围压对黄土动强度和残余应变的影响,从理论上解释黄土动力特性变化的原因,从而更好地保证黄土震陷对地下空间影响最小化;最后对比黄土震前震后微结构,并进行机理分析对该地区地下空间发展提供理论意义.研究结果显示:黄土的动本构关系符合双曲线模型;动剪模量比随动剪应变呈负指数衰减关系,而阻尼比随动剪应变呈对数关系增长;动强度和动强度指标受试验条件的影响较大,其中动强度随围压的增大而增大,表明动强度分析能较好地说明黄土的动力特性变化规律;根据电子显微镜对比土体震前震后微结构,并进行机理分析,为该地区地下空间发展提供理论支持.通过研究表明,渭北地区黄土在循环荷载作用下不易产生振动变形,属于轻微震陷区.

地震映像法在探明隧道底部隐伏岩溶中的研究

研究目的:在建高速铁路岩溶隧道的施工,要探明隧道底部影响隧道安全的隐伏岩溶进行工程整治,确定采用何种方法才能快速探明其岩溶的深度、性质和范围,由此提出采用地震映像法,本文对其展开研究。研究结论:(1)采用地震映像法的偏移距、同相轴断裂宽度特征,与相邻测线斜向近距离同特征的平面物理连通,以及正验计算统计其岩溶波速,反验解释其岩溶形态并钻孔验证,达到快速探明隧道底部影响隧道安全的隐伏岩溶的深度、性质和范围可行;(2)能探明隧道底部多条测线下最大深度达30 m内不同深度的岩溶较发育和岩溶发育、充填黏土溶洞、空腔溶洞、残留洞渣,进行工程整治,整治要确定最佳有效方案,其分别对应于水泥注浆、高压旋喷桩、桩板结构或砌石支墩、清除残留洞渣,以及整治后的隧道底部强度稳定,不下沉不上拱,并确保岩溶水排泄畅通,就能确保隧道安全;(3)要重视隧道底部仰拱二次填充层施工质量的力棒敲击检测,振声均达质量完整的实响声;(4)本研究成果可为铁路、公路岩溶隧道等领域快速探明隧道底部影响隧道安全的隐伏岩溶的深度、性质和范围,确定最佳有效整治方案提供参考。

大型空泡水洞试验设施结构有限元分析

大型空泡水洞试验设施是目前中国规模最大的水洞系统,为评估其整体结构强度和抗震设计安全性,对空泡水洞结构进行三维有限元数值分析,考虑正常工作工况和地震载荷作用极限工况下的结构刚强度,基于振型分解反应谱法计算了地震惯性加速度载荷,并对结构地震位移响应进行校核。结果表明:空泡水洞的结构变形在正常工作工况主要表现为水洞内壁的膨胀变形,在极限工况下主要表现为由地震载荷引起的水洞顶部水平位移;空泡水洞高应力区域主要位于结构角隅处的筒壁和加强筋。这对中国自主研发大型空泡水洞具有重要的借鉴意义。

双向近场地震下结构性软黏土震陷特性研究

软黏土的震陷效应与土体的结构性有着密切联系,但目前关于土体的结构强度对震陷影响的研究还较少。自然界中很难获取到物质成分相同而结构性质不同的土,为了对P波和S波耦合作用下结构性软黏土的震陷特性进行深入研究,人工制备了物质成分相近而结构强度不同的软黏土,通过开展两组动态围压下的动三轴试验,探讨结构强度、双向动荷载和P波与S波的相位差对其震陷特性的影响规律。试验结果表明:双向激振下,轴向动荷载与结构屈服应力比值越大,双向动荷载的耦合对轴向残余应变积累速度的加速作用越明显;相位差对轴向残余应变的影响则取决于土体结构强度,结构强度越小,影响越大。双向近场地震中,径向动荷载一般会加速震陷的发展,加速作用的大小与土体结构强度大小有关,结构强度越小,加速作用越明显,但轴向动荷载的剪切作用对结构性软黏土的残余应变积累仍起主导作用。研究结果可为软土地区综合防灾提供有益参考。

轴力对预应力高强混凝土管桩抗震性能的影响

目的研究轴力和往复荷载作用下预应力高强混凝土管桩的抗震性能,为预应力高强混凝土管桩的设计和实际工程应用提供参考依据。方法应用ABAQUS有限元软件对预应力高强混凝土管桩进行有限元模拟,并与已有试验结果对比,两者吻合良好,验证了模型的准确性。在此基础上,研究轴压比和有无普通钢筋及普通钢筋直径对预应力高强混凝土管桩滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化、延性及耗能能力的影响。结果配置普通钢筋可以提高预应力高强混凝土管桩的承载能力和延性,对刚度影响不大;随着轴压比的增加,预应力高强混凝土管桩的承载能力逐渐提高,但延性变差,轴压比为0.45时,预应力高强混凝土管桩发生脆性破坏。结论配置普通钢筋可以有效改善预应力高强混凝土管桩的抗震性能,预应力高强混凝土管桩的轴压比不宜超过0.3。

可恢复功能装配式高强再生混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为推动高强再生混凝土构件应用于可恢复功能建筑结构,提出一种边缘构件配置弱粘结超高强纵筋的装配式高强再生混凝土剪力墙。对4个剪跨比为2.2的装配式高强再生混凝土剪力墙进行低周反复荷载试验,分析了边缘配置弱粘结超高强纵筋、墙体有无钢纤维的装配式高强再生混凝土剪力墙的损伤破坏形态、滞回性能、刚度退化、残余变形、裂缝宽度等抗震与可恢复性能指标。结果表明:在大变形条件下,边缘配置弱粘结超高强纵筋的装配式高强再生混凝土剪力墙水平承载力持续增大,混凝土损伤程度较轻,抗侧刚度退化缓慢,残余变形与裂缝宽度较小。基于试验结果,建议了可恢复功能装配式高强再生混凝土剪力墙在1%位移角下的抗震承载力计算方法,其计算结果与试验结果符合较好。

基于性能的含可更换耗能梁段高强钢框筒结构抗震性能研究

含可更换耗能梁段的高强钢框筒结构(HSS-SFT-RSL)结合了耗能梁段耗能强、钢框筒抗侧刚度大、高强钢承载力高等优点,是一种抗震性能优良的结构体系.传统设计方法需要进行复杂的迭代和计算才能使结构达到预期性能目标,且无法较为准确地控制结构的塑性发展顺序和破坏模式,本文采用课题组提出的基于性能的塑性设计方法(PBPD)各设计一个30层HSS-SFT-RSL算例和含可更换剪切型耗能梁段的普通钢框筒结构(CS-SFT-RSL)算例,通过静力和动力弹塑性分析对比两算例的抗震性能.结果表明:采用PBPD法设计的两算例具有相似的顶点侧移角和破坏模式,HSS-SFT-RSL算例抗侧刚度略低,但极限承载力更高;在罕遇水准地震下,两算例各层耗能梁段均能参与耗能,层间侧移角沿结构高度分布均匀,避免了薄弱层,残余层间变形较小,有利于耗能梁段更换和结构震后功能的快速恢复.

钢管混凝土叠合柱-H型钢梁外套筒式连接节点抗震性能试验与有限元研究

以钢管混凝土叠合柱为研究对象,设计了一种高强对穿螺栓连接的外套筒式梁柱节点。为了研究该新型节点的抗震性能和破坏机理,对3个缩尺比为1∶2的节点进行了拟静力试验。观察节点损伤过程及破坏模式,分析了梁端荷载-位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线、节点延性及耗能能力,采用ABAQUS软件建立有限元模型,研究套筒宽厚比和加强肋板厚度对节点抗震性能影响。试验及有限元研究结果表明:节点滞回曲线饱满,延性系数介于3.13~4.19之间,等效黏滞阻尼系数介于0.211~0.296之间,节点域的变形较大且耗能能力较强;随着套筒厚度增大,核心区混凝土开裂减少,破坏位置由节点外移至梁端截面;减小套筒宽厚比和增大加强肋板厚度可以有效提高节点刚度。为保证外套筒式节点达到刚性节点要求,建议套筒宽厚比不大于25,加强肋板厚度不小于梁翼缘厚度。

地铁车站顶层高强钢筋节点抗震性能试验研究

研究目的:地铁车站顶板上方由于铺设管线需要,要求覆土较厚,造成顶板荷载较大,导致顶梁截面增大;由于城市路面宽度限制,需减小柱截面,以节约地下使用空间,形成“强梁弱柱”的结构形式,对结构抗震带来不利影响。为提高地铁车站顶节点抗震性能,本文以某地铁车站梁柱节点为研究对象,制作缩小尺寸(缩尺)模型试件,开展低周往复试验,研究柱中配置高强钢筋对顶节点破坏形态、承载能力、耗能能力等抗震性能指标的影响。研究结论:(1)柱中配置高强钢筋和普通钢筋的节点,均为强梁弱柱式的破坏形态,但配置高强纵筋能够减轻顶层梁节点处柱的破坏程度;(2)在柱中配置高强纵筋能够明显提升顶层梁柱节点的承载和变形能力,延缓刚度退化速率,提高耗能能力,从而改善节点抗震性能;(3)本研究成果可为以地铁为代表的复杂地下结构梁柱节点的设计优化提供一定的理论参考。

轻钢骨架水泥粉煤灰发泡墙板的抗震性能

针对轻钢轻混凝土组合墙板抗震性能的研究相对缺乏,同时为研究不同填料对轻钢骨架水泥粉煤灰发泡墙板抗震性能的影响规律,设计了3个不同填料的墙板进行低周往复水平荷载试验,探究了不同填料对墙板的抗震性能的影响。结果表明:不同填料配比墙板的破坏模式大致相同,墙板的整体性和抗震性能较好;在轻钢骨架水泥粉煤灰发泡墙板中掺入聚丙烯纤维和增加水泥用量可以有效地提高墙体的抗震性能和抗侧刚度,增强墙体的承载力和延性,同时还可以明显提高墙体的变形能力以及耗能能力。与对照组相比,掺加0.4%聚丙烯纤维或增加水泥用量至50.0%的墙板受剪承载力均提高了约54.0%,抗侧刚度分别提高了26.0%和15.0%,累计耗能分别提高了172.0%和86.0%。

塑性铰区加强方式对高强混凝土剪力墙抗震性能的影响

为研究塑性铰区加强方式对高强混凝土剪力墙抗震性能的影响,首先,开展4片高强钢筋高强混凝土剪力墙的低周反复荷载试验与ABAQUS有限元模拟;其次,分析塑性铰区采用添加钢纤维、加密箍筋、外包钢板3种加强方式对剪力墙破坏形态、滞回特性、承载力与变形能力、强度与刚度退化、耗能能力以及塑性铰发展长度等方面的影响机理;最后,提出适用于高强钢筋高强混凝土剪力墙的等效塑性铰长度与承载力计算方法。研究结果表明:3种加强方式均有利于减轻墙体损伤程度,降低剪切变形占比,提高变形与耗能能力;当3种方式加强段高度相同时,添加钢纤维的方式对墙体破坏形态作用最明显;墙底部外包合理厚度的钢板可以使墙体塑性铰充分发展,形成双塑性铰区,从而使试件峰值荷载提高17.7%、极限位移角提高75.0%。基于简化的曲率分布与塑性变形基本假定,考虑力的平衡关系、弯曲与剪切变形的协调关系,本文提出的等效塑性铰长度计算方法与水平承载力计算方法精度较高。