The Determinacy of Lexical Selectional Restriction and Its Basis for Existence

In this paper, the determinacy of regular lexical selectional restrictions is examined from both the internal structures of the single selectional restrictions (i.e.semantic selectional restrictions) and relationship between the structures of several selectional restrictions. Hence, our analysis and description are shifted from casual and indeterminate strings and markers on case basis to determined rules and circumspect dynamic systems, from lexical precepts to knowledge precepts, from the state of memory to rational deduction and rhetorical devices. Further studies indicate that selectional restrictions are intertwined structures, a feature that makes it possible to be one of the bases for lexical selectional restrictions to come into existence. Its related theories are the grarantee for scientific observations of selectional restriction structures.

Efficient Virtual Network Embedding Algorithm Based on Restrictive Selection and Optimization Theory Approach

Network virtualization(NV) is widely considered as a key component of the future network and promises to allow multiple virtual networks(VNs) with different protocols to coexist on a shared substrate network(SN). One main challenge in NV is virtual network embedding(VNE). VNE is a NPhard problem. Previous VNE algorithms in the literature are mostly heuristic, while the remaining algorithms are exact. Heuristic algorithms aim to find a feasible embedding of each VN, not optimal or sub-optimal, in polynomial time. Though presenting the optimal or sub-optimal embedding per VN, exact algorithms are too time-consuming in smallscaled networks, not to mention moderately sized networks. To make a trade-off between the heuristic and the exact, this paper presents an effective algorithm, labeled as VNE-RSOT(Restrictive Selection and Optimization Theory), to solve the VNE problem. The VNERSOT can embed virtual nodes and links per VN simultaneously. The restrictive selection contributes to selecting candidate substrate nodes and paths and largely cuts down on the number of integer variables, used in the following optimization theory approach. The VNE-RSOT fights to minimize substrate resource consumption and accommodates more VNs. To highlight the efficiency of VNERSOT, a simulation against typical and stateof-art heuristic algorithms and a pure exact algorithm is made. Numerical results reveal that virtual network request(VNR) acceptance ratio of VNE-RSOT is, at least, 10% higher than the best-behaved heuristic. Other metrics, such as the execution time, are also plotted to emphasize and highlight the efficiency of VNE-RSOT.

A PMU data recovering method based on preferred selection strategy

Nowadays, the technology of renewable sources grid-connection and DC transmission has a rapid development. And phasor measurement units(PMUs) become more notable in power grids, due to the necessary of real time monitoring and close-loop control applications. However, the PMUs data quality issue affects applications based on PMUs a lot. This paper proposes a simple yet effective method for recovering PMU data. To simply the issue, two different scenarios of PMUs data loss are first defined. Then a key combination of preferred selection strategies is introduced. And the missing data is recovered by the function of spline interpolation. This method has been tested by artificial data and field data obtained from on-site PMUs. The results demonstrate that the proposed method recovers the missing PMU data quickly and accurately. And it is much better than other methods when missing data are massive and continuous. This paper also presents the interesting direction for future work.

Agricultural Investment Project Decisions Based on an Interactive Preference Disaggregation Model Considering Inconsistency

Agricultural investment project selection is a complex multi-criteria decision-making problem,as agricultural projects are easily influenced by various risk factors,and the evaluation information provided by decisionmakers usually involves uncertainty and inconsistency.Existing literature primarily employed direct preference elicitation methods to address such issues,necessitating a great cognitive effort on the part of decision-makers during evaluation,specifically,determining the weights of criteria.In this study,we propose an indirect preference elicitation method,known as a preference disaggregation method,to learn decision-maker preference models fromdecision examples.To enhance evaluation ease,decision-makers merely need to compare pairs of alternatives with which they are familiar,also known as reference alternatives.Probabilistic linguistic preference relations are employed to account for the presence of incomplete and uncertain information in such pairwise comparisons.To address the inconsistency among a group of decision-makers,we develop a pair of 0-1mixed integer programming models that consider both the semantics of linguistic terms and the belief degrees of decision-makers.Finally,we conduct a case study and comparative analysis.Results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed model in solving agricultural investment project selection problems with uncertain and inconsistent decision information.

Dynamic programming methodology for multi-criteria group decision-making under ordinal preferences

A method of minimizing rankings inconsistency is proposed for a decision-making problem with rankings of alternatives given by multiple decision makers according to multiple criteria. For each criteria, at first, the total inconsistency between the rankings of all alternatives for the group and the ones for every decision maker is defined after the decision maker weights in respect to the criteria are considered. Similarly, the total inconsistency between their final rankings for the group and the ones under every criteria is determined after the criteria weights are taken into account. Then two nonlinear integer programming models minimizing respectively the two total inconsistencies above are developed and then transformed to two dynamic programming models to obtain separately the rankings of all alternatives for the group with respect to each criteria and their final rankings. A supplier selection case illustrated the proposed method, and some discussions on the results verified its effectiveness. This work develops a new measurement of ordinal preferences’ inconsistency in multi-criteria group decision-making （MCGDM） and extends the cook-seiford social selection function to MCGDM considering weights of criteria and decision makers and can obtain unique ranking result.

A Decision Support System for Selection of Solar Power Plant Locations by Applying Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS: An Empirical Study

The objective of this research is to propose a decision support system for avoiding flood on solar power plant site selection. Methodologically, the geographic information system (GIS) is used to determine the optimum site for a solar power plant. It is intended to integrate the qualitative and quantitative variables based upon the adoption of the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) model. These methods are employed to unite the environmental aspects and social needs for electrical power systematically. Regarding a case study of the choice of a solar power plant site in Thailand, it demonstrates that the quantitative and qualitative criteria should be realized prior to analysis in the Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS model. The fuzzy AHP is employed to determine the weights of qualitative and quantitative criteria that can affect the selection process. The adoption of the fuzzy AHP is aimed to model the linguistic unclear, ambiguous, and incomplete knowledge. Additionally, TOPSIS, which is a ranking multi-criteria decision making method, is employed to rank the alternative sites based upon overall efficiency. The contribution of this paper lies in the evolution of a new approach that is flexible and practical to the decision maker, in providing the guidelines for the solar power plant site choices under stakeholder needs: at the same time, the desirable functions are achieved, in avoiding flood, reducing cost, time and causing less environmental impact. The new approach is assessed in the empirical study during major flooding in Thailand during the fourth quarter of 2011 to 2012. The result analysis and sensitivity analysis are also presented.

Farmers'participatory selection of new rice varieties to boost production under temperate agro-ecosystems

In mountain agriculture, early maturity, high grain yield and high biomass are generally considered as farmer preferred traits in rice crop in addition to a multiple set of traits collectively responsible for variety adoption or rejection. The varieties tested only on station evaluation trials without taking the data from the farmers＇ fields by not including farmers as partners for variety evaluation are the reasons of low adoption of varieties. In this regard, a participatory methodology was followed by conducting a number of participatory trials in the farmers＇ fields during 2012-2014 in six districts of Kashmir Valley, India. The mother trials in the farmers＇ fields showed that the test variety SKUA-408 consistently and significantly out yielded Jhelum and farmers＇ variety followed by Shalimar rice 3 （SR3）. The other released varieties like SR1 and SR2 could not perform nicely in the farmers＇ fields because of late maturity. After making the t-test comparison of baby trials （paired plots）, the mean yield superiority of test varieties SKUA-408, SR3, and SKUA-403 over farmers＇ variety during 2013 was around 23, 25, and 22％, respectively, whereas in 2014 the respective yield advantage was recorded as 16.3, 17.7, and 16.2％. In all districts, SKUA-408 and SR3 were significantly preferred by farmers （P〈0.05 or 0.01） in terms of pre-harvest traits namely, tillering ability and general phenotypic acceptability, early maturity and biomass and for post-harvest traits such as general cooking quality besides, the intention to grow the variety for next year. Adoption and dissemination of SKUA-408 began in 2014 from the farm-saved seed in the form of farmer to farmer seed exchange. Farmers are the end users of a variety so the decision by the farmers while judging the variety should be taken into consideration to make the varietal choice more effective for its widespread adoption.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for gender selection: You don’t always get what you want

Parenting children of opposite genders is a powerful motive for parents to seek “sex-selection” services. Medical beneficence and patient autonomy support making these services available. Our goals in this study included data to permit proper patient education, assess outcome, and evaluation of potential biases in this technology. IVF/PGD cases from August 2004 to December 2009 were studied (n = 122). FISH was used to analyze nuclear DNA of biopsied embryos. The variables analyzed were patient age, Day 3 Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH), the number of fertilized embryos, the number of embryos biopsied, Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) results, the number of embryos transferred, and the fate of remaining embryos. Female embryos were sought in 84 cycles, and male embryos desired in 38 cycles. Couples seeking female offspring had a reduced likelihood of a female-only transfer vs. those seeking males (p < 0.001). No transfer was performed in 32 cases for lack of normal embryos of desired gender. Clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer was 30.4%. PGD success rates for gender variety were lower than expected comparative to traditional IVF. In this report we present our clinical experience with IVF/PGD for gender selection. We attempt to analyze which patients seek this specialized treatment and to provide direct clinical and laboratory outcome data from our completed cycles.

建设性冲突与破坏性冲突对联盟治理机制选择倾向性的非对称影响研究

伙伴间冲突普遍存在于战略联盟中,如何根据冲突的不同类型选取与之匹配的治理机制对联盟后续的运营与发展至关重要。本文结合交易成本理论与社会交换理论,探究不同类型的伙伴间冲突(建设性冲突与破坏性冲突)对联盟治理机制(契约治理机制与关系治理机制)选择倾向性的差异性影响,并进一步检验外部环境不确定性及伙伴行为不确定性对上述选择决策的权变作用。选取国内制造业企业联盟数据进行实证分析发现:当联盟面临建设性冲突时,合作伙伴更倾向于选择关系治理机制;而当联盟面临破坏性冲突时,合作伙伴更倾向于选择契约治理机制。环境不确定性显著加强了建设性冲突与关系治理机制选择倾向性间的关系,而行为不确定性显著增强了破坏性冲突与契约治理机制选择倾向性间的关系。本文研究结论丰富了联盟治理机制动态调整的理论研究,也为联盟企业在不同情境下对联盟治理机制进行适应性调整提供了指导建议。

基于改进Gale-Shapley算法的云制造供需双向选择研究

针对传统云制造交易机制下以需求方偏好为中心,而缺乏对资源提供方需求偏好考虑的问题,提出了一种基于改进Gale-Shapley算法的云制造双向选择机制。该机制通过将供需双方给出的不同评价数据类型转化为联系数,并利用数据集成算子集成得到双方间的综合满意度排序,然后由需求方根据排序结果提出交易申请并与提供方达成暂时交易状态,根据双方的需求偏好,经过多轮匹配,最终找到满意的交易对象。通过实验验证了该机制的有效性,并对比了两种交易机制下双方对交易对象的满意度评价,结果表明改进后的交易机制在满足需求方需求偏好的前提下,能够很大程度提高提供方对交易对象的满意度。

基于直觉模糊环境的海上风机选型

选择合适的海上风力发电机机型对海上风电场的长期高效运行起着至关重要的作用。针对决策者在风机选型决策过程中存在不确定性和主观偏好等问题,提出一种改进的多准则决策(multi-criteria decision making, MCDM)框架及方法:在权重求解算法中将群体决策和直觉模糊数与层次分析法相结合,提出群体直觉模糊层次分析法(group intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, GIAHP)计算指标权重;在备选方案排序算法中将余弦距离引入接近理想点法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution, TOPSIS),提出多距离TOPSIS确定备选方案排序。最后以山东省海上风电场风机选型为例,并通过敏感性分析验证框架及方法的鲁棒性。该框架及方法为中国海上风电场风机选型提供理论依据,可确保海上风电场长期稳定运行。

社区团购三级供应链定价与渠道决策

社区团购平台进入理性竞争的稳健发展期,如何整合线下便利店渠道优化团长服务,以应对多渠道博弈是社区团购企业关注的重要内容。针对“社区团购+社区便利店”渠道整合有效性问题,基于消费者效用理论和Stakelberg博弈理论,构建由供应商、社区团购零售商和社区便利店的三级供应链博弈模型,对比分析不同渠道策略下供应商和社区团购零售商分别为渠道结构主导者时,供应链最优定价决策和利润分配,研究供应商和零售商博弈情形下社区团购零售商渠道整合策略获得利润增值的市场条件。研究表明,除了在分散渠道策略下的线下实体渠道产品销售价格会下降,社区团购渠道产品销售价格和批发价格都会随团长运营服务水平的提升而升高;供应商和零售商的权力结构并不影响社区团购渠道整合策略的选择,仅影响整合策略后获得利润增值大小;只有在消费者对线上渠道偏好程度较低且团长运营服务水平不太高时,整合策略才对社区团购渠道有利。研究结论不仅实现社区团购三级供应链最优定价决策和利润分配,同时帮助社区团购零售商有效整合社区便利店,提供可靠的理论依据和重要的政策启示。

小红门兰属2种药用植物叶绿体基因组密码子偏好性分析

目的:明确2种兰科小红门兰属植物叶绿体基因组中密码子的使用偏好性,并探索其影响因素。方法:采用CodonW、CUSP、SPSS等软件,对2种兰科小红门兰属药用植物叶绿体基因组中的密码子进行选择分析。结果:通过对2种小红门兰属药用植物分析,发现2个物种叶绿体基因组密码子中的GC含量为35.8%~37.3%,有效密码子数目为47.10%~47.79%,表明其密码子偏好性较弱。中性绘图、ENC-plot、PR2-plot等研究结果显示,选择和突变是影响2种小红门兰属药用植物叶绿体基因组密码子使用偏好性的主要因素。通过比较相对同义密码子使用度RSCU值和ENC值,获得了65个最优密码子。2种小红门兰属药用植物密码子偏好使用A/T结尾,表明其密码子使用偏好性在很大程度上是由自然选择决定的。对其叶绿体基因组密码子的使用偏好性进行分析,并通过外类群聚类法进行验证,最终确定影响小红门兰属植物基因组密码子偏好的关键因子有9种:GUU、UCA、CCA、ACA、UAA、GAU、UGU、AGA、AGG。结论:本研究可为小红门兰属植物叶绿体基因组异源蛋白表达载体的构建与优化提供理论依据。

青岛市某三级公立医院合同制护理人员工作偏好研究——基于离散选择实验

目的:分析三级公立医院合同制护理人员工作偏好,为吸引和稳定护理人员队伍提供策略依据。方法:基于离散选择实验设计调查问卷,将青岛市某大型三级公立医院310名合同制护理人员作为研究对象,利用Stata15.0进行混合Logit模型、支付意愿与工作概率偏好变化分析。结果:工作氛围、工作环境、工作压力、编制、职业发展前景6个属性均会影响合同制护理人员工作偏好(P<0.05),工作环境、职业发展前景与工作压力对合同制护理人员的工作偏好、支付意愿与工作概率偏好变化影响较大(P<0.05)。结论:政策制定者应关注工作环境、职业发展前景和工作压力等非经济因素对稳定合同制护理队伍的重要作用,同时还应强化岗位管理,优化薪酬制度,消除编制与合同制护理人员内部的不公平。

河谷型城市中低运量轨道交通制式选择研究

中低运量轨道交通是现代化交通运输体系的重要构成,河谷型城市由于受地理、环境特征等限制,对轨道交通制式提出了更高要求。为针对性研究中低运量轨道交通制式对河谷型城市的适宜性,运用综合评价的方法,从社会经济发展、客流特征、地形地质条件、绿色安全四个方面着手,分析了重点影响因素,并结合相关指标被选择比例形成评价指标体系;通过引入主观偏好系数,构建基于熵权-层次分析法的组合权重模型;最后以具体案例验证该方法可行性。结果表明,智轨系统是更适合西昌市轨道交通1号线的制式系统,该方法可体现河谷型城市特征,快速、准确地为河谷型城市提供中低运量轨道交通制式选择决策支撑。

乌鲁木齐市中学女生家长HPV疫苗选择偏好研究:基于离散选择模型

目的了解中学女生家长选择人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)疫苗的偏好及支付意愿,为政策制定者和疫苗管理部门提供决策依据。方法采用简单随机抽样和方便抽样相结合的方法,于2022年6月对乌鲁木齐市200名中学女生家长进行问卷调查,调查问卷利用离散选择实验的方式编制,采用混合Logit回归模型、支付意愿分析中学女生家长HPV疫苗选择偏好。结果自付费用、宫颈癌保护率、副反应3个属性对家长HPV疫苗的选择偏好均有显著影响(P<0.05)。亚组分析结果显示,城镇和农村中学女生家长HPV疫苗选择偏好一致,且二者均最为看重疫苗的宫颈癌保护率,其次为疫苗副反应。结论相关机构应依据HPV疫苗选择偏好,在自付费用、宫颈癌保护率、副反应方面积极探索HPV疫苗接种方案,同时加强中学女生健康宣教,提高HPV疫苗接种率。

基于云模型的高速铁路引入铁路枢纽线路方案优选研究

针对高速铁路引入铁路枢纽线路方案设计所面临的多维环境影响、多重约束条件以及多元评价目标,建立科学的线路方案决策模型成为亟需解决的关键难题。以走得通、走得稳、走得好、走得省为目标,从5个维度选取30项指标建立高速铁路引入铁路枢纽线路方案优选的层次指标体系。采用改进的黄金分割法和云模型理论对定性指标进行系统量化后转化为灰色关联系数矩阵,度量决策信息的差异性和不确定性的同时还能衡量与目标序列趋势变化的趋同程度。为了提供科学客观和准确系统的决策支持,统筹VIKOR法和改进密切值法建立基于客观数据驱动的线路方案决策模型,从不同维度对备选方案进行全面评估;在深入分析沿线5个利益群体的利益诉求以及不利后果的基础上,引入Pythagorean模糊云模型理论优化了由于利益群体有限理性行为所引起的缺陷,并融合逼近理想解排序的思想建立了基于方案偏好驱动的线路方案决策模型,提高方案的可行性和可接受性。最后统筹考虑客观数据信息值以及方案偏好信息值进行综合决策,并结合工程实例对模型进行应用分析。结果表明:基于本模型的决策结果与工程实际具有较好的一致性,验证了模型的可靠性和适用性,为高速铁路引入铁路枢纽线路方案优化设计提供了一定的理论支持。

低分子肝素对单绒双羊选择性宫内生长受限新生儿结局的影响

目的探讨低分子肝素对单绒双羊选择性宫内生长受限(sIUGR)新生儿结局的影响。方法选取2021年4月至2023年4月江西省妇幼保健院收治的40例sIUGR孕妇作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分成对照组(n=20)与治疗组(n=20)。对照组使用促胎肺成熟药物等治疗,治疗组基于此使用低分子肝素。比较两组小胎儿的胎儿生长发育参数[股骨长径(FL)、双顶径(BPD)、腹围(AC)与头围(HC)]、孕妇血液流变学指标[红细胞压积(HCT)、全血低切黏度(WBLSV)与全血高切黏度(WBHSV)]、胎儿脐动脉血流指标[阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)与收缩期血液流速高值(S)/舒张晚期血液流速高值(D)]与新生儿结局(出生时胎龄、身长、体重及不良结局)。结果治疗组FL、BPD、AC、HC均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),RI、PI、S/D均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组孕妇HCT、WBLSV、WBHSV均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组新生儿出生时胎龄、身长、体重均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组不良结局总发生率(5.00%)低于对照组(30.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用低分子肝素治疗sIUGR,能有效调节孕妇的血液流变学及胎儿的脐动脉血流,使胎儿的生长发育加快,并改善新生儿结局,综合效果突出。

阔叶红松林中黑啄木鸟的取食生境偏好

2020年冬季—2022年冬季,采用样线法和样方法对黑龙江省凉水国家级自然保护区中黑啄木鸟(Dryocopus martius)取食生境偏好进行调查研究,结果表明:在取食微生境尺度中,黑啄木鸟取食树树种、取食树状态与对照样方具有显著差异(p<0.05),偏好在冷杉(Abies fabri,47.71%)和半枯立木(73.86%)的树木主干(86.93%)中上部(43.14%)、上部(32.03%)取食,且偏好粗壮、高大的树木;在取食样方尺度中,黑啄木鸟偏好在有林窗(92.16%)的天然林(96.73%)中取食,偏好郁闭度较低、优势乔木均高较低、优势乔木平均胸径较大、样方中活立木较少、枯立木、倒木较多和距人为干扰更近的生境中取食,与对照样方呈显著差异(p<0.05)。资源选择函数结果表明,影响黑啄木鸟取食生境偏好的关键因子是取食树树种,次关键因子是枯立木数量、优势乔木均高、取食树高度和倒木数量。

市场对新疆红色旅游选择偏好研究——基于旅游流的角度

市场选择偏好是红色旅游线路开发的基础。本文以来疆参与色旅游活动的游客为研究对象,通过对其旅游游记的分析,建立红色旅游流非对称矩阵。对新疆红色旅游流网络结构特征进行全面分析,从而从旅游流的角度对新疆红色旅游景点和线路的市场欢迎程度进行探索,发现了以下结论:(1)新疆红色旅游流具有显著的分布不均现象,即市场对新疆红色旅游景点和红色旅游路径的选择具有显著的不均衡性。(2)新疆红色旅游流各关键节点扩散-聚集类型差异显著,即不同的红色旅游景点在旅游市场的选择上有显著的先后顺序。(3)新疆红色旅游流具有明显的子群聚集效应,即市场对新疆红色旅游景点的选择具有显著的类型差异。并在此基础上提出了一些建议。