This study aims to beneficiate low grade goethitic iron ore fines using a selective flocculation process. Selective flocculation studies were conducted using different polymers such as starch amylopectin(AP), poly acr...This study aims to beneficiate low grade goethitic iron ore fines using a selective flocculation process. Selective flocculation studies were conducted using different polymers such as starch amylopectin(AP), poly acrylic acid(PAA), and a graft copolymer(AP-g-PAA). The obtained results were analyzed; they indicate the enhancement of the iron ore grade from 58.49% to 67.52% using AP-g-PAA with a recovery of 95.08%. In addition, 64.45% Fe with a recovery of 88.79% was obtained using AP. Similarly, using PAA, the grade increased to 63.46% Fe with a recovery of 82.10%. The findings are also supported by characterizing concentrates using X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA) techniques.展开更多
Selective flocculation is a new method to solve the problem of China's bauxite de-silication besides flotation and reverse flotation. The method of selective flocculation of bauxite using hydrolyzed polyacrylamide...Selective flocculation is a new method to solve the problem of China's bauxite de-silication besides flotation and reverse flotation. The method of selective flocculation of bauxite using hydrolyzed polyacrylamide as flocculant was experimented and evaluated. The results of diaspore and kaolinite single mineral settling tests show that the difference between settlement yield of kaolinite(settling 15 min) and diaspore(settling 3 min) increases from 16% to 60% by adding flocculant at pH=7. Results of selective flocculation experiment of bauxite show that the higher concentrate grade(65.75) and Al-Si ratio(7.34) could be obtained with sodium carbonate as dispersant compared with sodium hexametaphosphate; under the action of flocculating agent, the concentrate grade and Al-Si ratio increase to 67.99 and 9.01. These results could meet the requirements of Bayer production, and the simpler process was expected to cost far less than traditional flotation method and a promising de-silication method of bauxite.展开更多
The flocculation tests of four pure minerals(diaspore,kaolinite,illite,pyrophyllite)and bauxite ore were investigated by the sedimentation.The dispersion behavior of the four pure minerals shows a very good consistenc...The flocculation tests of four pure minerals(diaspore,kaolinite,illite,pyrophyllite)and bauxite ore were investigated by the sedimentation.The dispersion behavior of the four pure minerals shows a very good consistency with the variation of zeta potential.The concentrate with the mass ratio of Al2O3 to SiO2(m(Al2O3)/m(SiO2))8.90 and the recovery of Al2O3 86.98%is obtained from bauxite ore(m(Al2O3)/m(SiO2)=5.68)in pH range of 9.5-10.0 by using sodium carbonate(5 kg/t)and sodium polyacrylate(7 g/t)as dispersant and flocculant respectively.Sodium carbonate acts as both pH modifier and favorable dispersant for aluminosilicates.The high performance of sodium polyacrylate on flocculation for diaspore is contributed to the carboxyl of sodium polyacrylate that interacts with active Al sites on diaspore by chemical absorption,and the hydrogen bond effects between hydroxyl group of macromolecule and surface Al—OH on diaspore to accelerate the sedimentation of diaspore.展开更多
Selective flocculation is an idea separation method to separate ultrafine pyrite from coal. A number of selective flocculation separation tests under different conditions have been done and the results are very encour...Selective flocculation is an idea separation method to separate ultrafine pyrite from coal. A number of selective flocculation separation tests under different conditions have been done and the results are very encouraging. The results also show that desulfurization and deashing can be finished simultaneously in selective fIocculation process. It is an advanced coal desulfurization process.展开更多
The reverse flocculation method for removing pyritic sulfur from high sulfor coals has been conceptually beveloped and investigated. The tentative tests on China high sulfur coals have shown that this advanced physica...The reverse flocculation method for removing pyritic sulfur from high sulfor coals has been conceptually beveloped and investigated. The tentative tests on China high sulfur coals have shown that this advanced physical separation techaique can be very efficient in coal desulfurization, provided the process parameters are properly optimized. Under the circumsances of acquiring high coal recovery, the total sulfur rejection with four kinds of coal samples normally falls in tbe range 57% to 71 % by one-step reverse flocculation, and within the range 40% to 59% by one-step normal flocculation process.展开更多
Wind speed forecasting is important for wind energy forecasting.In the modern era,the increase in energy demand can be managed effectively by fore-casting the wind speed accurately.The main objective of this research ...Wind speed forecasting is important for wind energy forecasting.In the modern era,the increase in energy demand can be managed effectively by fore-casting the wind speed accurately.The main objective of this research is to improve the performance of wind speed forecasting by handling uncertainty,the curse of dimensionality,overfitting and non-linearity issues.The curse of dimensionality and overfitting issues are handled by using Boruta feature selec-tion.The uncertainty and the non-linearity issues are addressed by using the deep learning based Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory(Bi-LSTM).In this paper,Bi-LSTM with Boruta feature selection named BFS-Bi-LSTM is proposed to improve the performance of wind speed forecasting.The model identifies relevant features for wind speed forecasting from the meteorological features using Boruta wrapper feature selection(BFS).Followed by Bi-LSTM predicts the wind speed by considering the wind speed from the past and future time steps.The proposed BFS-Bi-LSTM model is compared against Multilayer perceptron(MLP),MLP with Boruta(BFS-MLP),Long Short Term Memory(LSTM),LSTM with Boruta(BFS-LSTM)and Bi-LSTM in terms of Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),Mean Absolute Error(MAE),Mean Square Error(MSE)and R2.The BFS-Bi-LSTM surpassed other models by producing RMSE of 0.784,MAE of 0.530,MSE of 0.615 and R2 of 0.8766.The experimental result shows that the BFS-Bi-LSTM produced better forecasting results compared to others.展开更多
Global rice production requires abundant fresh water consumption, but water shortage in many rice-growing areas is an everincreasing problem con straining rice productio n and causing significant yield loss.
基金the National Metallurgical Laboratory,Jamshedpur for their kind support
文摘This study aims to beneficiate low grade goethitic iron ore fines using a selective flocculation process. Selective flocculation studies were conducted using different polymers such as starch amylopectin(AP), poly acrylic acid(PAA), and a graft copolymer(AP-g-PAA). The obtained results were analyzed; they indicate the enhancement of the iron ore grade from 58.49% to 67.52% using AP-g-PAA with a recovery of 95.08%. In addition, 64.45% Fe with a recovery of 88.79% was obtained using AP. Similarly, using PAA, the grade increased to 63.46% Fe with a recovery of 82.10%. The findings are also supported by characterizing concentrates using X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA) techniques.
基金Project(2005CB623701)supported by the National Key Basic Research Program(973)of China
文摘Selective flocculation is a new method to solve the problem of China's bauxite de-silication besides flotation and reverse flotation. The method of selective flocculation of bauxite using hydrolyzed polyacrylamide as flocculant was experimented and evaluated. The results of diaspore and kaolinite single mineral settling tests show that the difference between settlement yield of kaolinite(settling 15 min) and diaspore(settling 3 min) increases from 16% to 60% by adding flocculant at pH=7. Results of selective flocculation experiment of bauxite show that the higher concentrate grade(65.75) and Al-Si ratio(7.34) could be obtained with sodium carbonate as dispersant compared with sodium hexametaphosphate; under the action of flocculating agent, the concentrate grade and Al-Si ratio increase to 67.99 and 9.01. These results could meet the requirements of Bayer production, and the simpler process was expected to cost far less than traditional flotation method and a promising de-silication method of bauxite.
基金Project(2005CB623701)supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China
文摘The flocculation tests of four pure minerals(diaspore,kaolinite,illite,pyrophyllite)and bauxite ore were investigated by the sedimentation.The dispersion behavior of the four pure minerals shows a very good consistency with the variation of zeta potential.The concentrate with the mass ratio of Al2O3 to SiO2(m(Al2O3)/m(SiO2))8.90 and the recovery of Al2O3 86.98%is obtained from bauxite ore(m(Al2O3)/m(SiO2)=5.68)in pH range of 9.5-10.0 by using sodium carbonate(5 kg/t)and sodium polyacrylate(7 g/t)as dispersant and flocculant respectively.Sodium carbonate acts as both pH modifier and favorable dispersant for aluminosilicates.The high performance of sodium polyacrylate on flocculation for diaspore is contributed to the carboxyl of sodium polyacrylate that interacts with active Al sites on diaspore by chemical absorption,and the hydrogen bond effects between hydroxyl group of macromolecule and surface Al—OH on diaspore to accelerate the sedimentation of diaspore.
文摘Selective flocculation is an idea separation method to separate ultrafine pyrite from coal. A number of selective flocculation separation tests under different conditions have been done and the results are very encouraging. The results also show that desulfurization and deashing can be finished simultaneously in selective fIocculation process. It is an advanced coal desulfurization process.
文摘The reverse flocculation method for removing pyritic sulfur from high sulfor coals has been conceptually beveloped and investigated. The tentative tests on China high sulfur coals have shown that this advanced physical separation techaique can be very efficient in coal desulfurization, provided the process parameters are properly optimized. Under the circumsances of acquiring high coal recovery, the total sulfur rejection with four kinds of coal samples normally falls in tbe range 57% to 71 % by one-step reverse flocculation, and within the range 40% to 59% by one-step normal flocculation process.
文摘Wind speed forecasting is important for wind energy forecasting.In the modern era,the increase in energy demand can be managed effectively by fore-casting the wind speed accurately.The main objective of this research is to improve the performance of wind speed forecasting by handling uncertainty,the curse of dimensionality,overfitting and non-linearity issues.The curse of dimensionality and overfitting issues are handled by using Boruta feature selec-tion.The uncertainty and the non-linearity issues are addressed by using the deep learning based Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory(Bi-LSTM).In this paper,Bi-LSTM with Boruta feature selection named BFS-Bi-LSTM is proposed to improve the performance of wind speed forecasting.The model identifies relevant features for wind speed forecasting from the meteorological features using Boruta wrapper feature selection(BFS).Followed by Bi-LSTM predicts the wind speed by considering the wind speed from the past and future time steps.The proposed BFS-Bi-LSTM model is compared against Multilayer perceptron(MLP),MLP with Boruta(BFS-MLP),Long Short Term Memory(LSTM),LSTM with Boruta(BFS-LSTM)and Bi-LSTM in terms of Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),Mean Absolute Error(MAE),Mean Square Error(MSE)and R2.The BFS-Bi-LSTM surpassed other models by producing RMSE of 0.784,MAE of 0.530,MSE of 0.615 and R2 of 0.8766.The experimental result shows that the BFS-Bi-LSTM produced better forecasting results compared to others.
文摘Global rice production requires abundant fresh water consumption, but water shortage in many rice-growing areas is an everincreasing problem con straining rice productio n and causing significant yield loss.
