Based on the newly-developed element energy projection （EEP） method with optimal super-convergence order for computation of super-convergent results, an improved self-adaptive strategy for one-dimensional finite ele...Based on the newly-developed element energy projection （EEP） method with optimal super-convergence order for computation of super-convergent results, an improved self-adaptive strategy for one-dimensional finite element method （FEM） is proposed. In the strategy, a posteriori errors are estimated by comparing FEM solutions to EEP super-convergent solutions with optimal order of super-convergence, meshes are refined by using the error-averaging method. Quasi-FEM solutions are used to replace the true FEM solutions in the adaptive process. This strategy has been found to be simple, clear, efficient and reliable. For most problems, only one adaptive step is needed to produce the required FEM solutions which pointwise satisfy the user specified error tolerances in the max-norm. Taking the elliptical ordinary differential equation of the second order as the model problem, this paper describes the fundamental idea, implementation strategy and computational algorithm and representative numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach.展开更多
Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) have the highest power to weight and power to volume ratios of any actuator. Therefore, they can be used not only in rehabilitation engineering, but also as actuators in robots, inc...Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) have the highest power to weight and power to volume ratios of any actuator. Therefore, they can be used not only in rehabilitation engineering, but also as actuators in robots, including industrial and therapy robots. Because PAMs have highly nonlinear and time‐varying behavior associated with gas compression and the nonlinear elasticity of bladder containers, achieving excellent tracking performance using classical controllers is difficult. An adaptive self‐tuning fuzzy controller (ASTFC) including adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control (AFSMC) and functional approximation (FA) was developed in this study for overcoming the aforementioned problems. The FA technique was used to release the model‐based requirements and the update laws for the coefficients of the Fourier series function parameters were derived using a Lyapunov function to guarantee control system stability. The experimental results verified that the proposed approach can achieve excellent control performance despite external disturbance.展开更多
In order to solve the problem between searching performance and convergence of genetic algorithms, a fast genetic algorithm generalized self-adaptive genetic algorithm (GSAGA) is presented. (1) Evenly distributed init...In order to solve the problem between searching performance and convergence of genetic algorithms, a fast genetic algorithm generalized self-adaptive genetic algorithm (GSAGA) is presented. (1) Evenly distributed initial population is generated. (2) Superior individuals are not broken because of crossover and mutation operation for they are sent to subgeneration directly. (3) High quality im- migrants are introduced according to the condition of the population schema. (4) Crossover and mutation are operated on self-adaptation. Therefore, GSAGA solves the coordination problem between convergence and searching performance. In GSAGA, the searching per- formance and global convergence are greatly improved compared with many existing genetic algorithms. Through simulation, the val- idity of this modified genetic algorithm is proved.展开更多
A kind of synchronization controller for Liu chaotic systems whose nonlinear components are subject to Lipschitz condition was proposed. By using Lyapunov function and linear matrix inequality technique, a self-adapti...A kind of synchronization controller for Liu chaotic systems whose nonlinear components are subject to Lipschitz condition was proposed. By using Lyapunov function and linear matrix inequality technique, a self-adaptive synchronization controller was constructed for Liu chaotic systems. There are two components of our derived synchronization controller: linear and nonlinear component. Linear component is composed of errors of the state variables between driving-systems and responding-stems, and nonlinear component is a self-adaptive synchronization controller. a proof was given for proving the feasibility of this method, and numerical simulations of Liu chaotic systems show its effectiveness. Furthermore, this method can be applied to other chaotic systems, such as Chen systems, Lorenz systems, Chua systems and Rssler systems,etc.展开更多
The mathematical model of optimal placement of active members in truss adaptive structures is essentially a nonlinear multi-objective optimization problem with mixed variables. It is usually much difficult and costly ...The mathematical model of optimal placement of active members in truss adaptive structures is essentially a nonlinear multi-objective optimization problem with mixed variables. It is usually much difficult and costly to be solved. In this paper, the optimal location of active members is treated in terms of （0, 1） discrete variables. Structural member sizes, control gains, and （0, 1） placement variables are treated simultaneously as design variables. Then, a succinct and reasonable compromise scalar model, which is transformed from original multi-objective optimization, is established, in which the （0, 1） discrete variables are converted into an equality constraint. Secondly, by penalty function approach, the subsequent scalar mixed variable compromise model can be formulated equivalently as a sequence of continuous variable problems. Thirdly, for each continuous problem in the sequence, by choosing intermediate design variables and temporary critical constraints, the approximation concept is carried out to generate a sequence of explicit approximate problems which enhance the quality of the approximate design problems. Considering the proposed method, a FORTRAN program OPAMTAS2.0 for optimal placement of active members in truss adaptive structures is developed, which is used by the constrained variable metric method with the watchdog technique （CVMW method）. Finally, a typical 18 bar truss adaptive structure as test numerical examples is presented to illustrate that the design methodology set forth is simple, feasible, efficient and stable. The established scalar mixed variable compromise model that can avoid the ill-conditioned possibility caused by the different orders of magnitude of various objective functions in optimization process, therefore, it enables the optimization algorithm to have a good stability. On the other hand, the proposed novel optimization technique can make both discrete and continuous variables be optimized simultaneously.展开更多
The Rosenbrock function optimization belongs to unconstrained optimization problems, and its global minimum value is located at the bottom of a smooth and narrow valley of the parabolic shape. It is very difficult to ...The Rosenbrock function optimization belongs to unconstrained optimization problems, and its global minimum value is located at the bottom of a smooth and narrow valley of the parabolic shape. It is very difficult to find the global minimum value of the function because of the little information provided for the optimization algorithm. According to the characteristics of the Rosenbrock function, this paper specifically proposed an improved differential evolution algorithm that adopts the self-adaptive scaling factor F and crossover rate CR with elimination mechanism, which can effectively avoid premature convergence of the algorithm and local optimum. This algorithm can also expand the search range at an early stage to find the global minimum of the Rosenbrock function. Many experimental results show that the algorithm has good performance of function optimization and provides a new idea for optimization problems similar to the Rosenbrock function for some problems of special fields.展开更多
Functional MRI was used to map the brains of subjects on-line during the process of media training for the acquisition and improvement of self-regulation mechanisms. The temporal and spatial dynamics of the new neural...Functional MRI was used to map the brains of subjects on-line during the process of media training for the acquisition and improvement of self-regulation mechanisms. The temporal and spatial dynamics of the new neural network formation were studied in real and simulated (false) biofeedback game, and their qualitative characteristics were discussed. It has been shown that immersion into a virtual competitive game, controlled by physiological responses, causes a wide involvement of the cortices, characterized by a high volume of activation in the mid-temporal, occipital and frontal areas, the cuneus and the precuneus. In both forms of media training, high values of activation volume were identified in the cerebellar structures.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50678093)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(No.IRT00736)
文摘Based on the newly-developed element energy projection （EEP） method with optimal super-convergence order for computation of super-convergent results, an improved self-adaptive strategy for one-dimensional finite element method （FEM） is proposed. In the strategy, a posteriori errors are estimated by comparing FEM solutions to EEP super-convergent solutions with optimal order of super-convergence, meshes are refined by using the error-averaging method. Quasi-FEM solutions are used to replace the true FEM solutions in the adaptive process. This strategy has been found to be simple, clear, efficient and reliable. For most problems, only one adaptive step is needed to produce the required FEM solutions which pointwise satisfy the user specified error tolerances in the max-norm. Taking the elliptical ordinary differential equation of the second order as the model problem, this paper describes the fundamental idea, implementation strategy and computational algorithm and representative numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach.
文摘Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) have the highest power to weight and power to volume ratios of any actuator. Therefore, they can be used not only in rehabilitation engineering, but also as actuators in robots, including industrial and therapy robots. Because PAMs have highly nonlinear and time‐varying behavior associated with gas compression and the nonlinear elasticity of bladder containers, achieving excellent tracking performance using classical controllers is difficult. An adaptive self‐tuning fuzzy controller (ASTFC) including adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control (AFSMC) and functional approximation (FA) was developed in this study for overcoming the aforementioned problems. The FA technique was used to release the model‐based requirements and the update laws for the coefficients of the Fourier series function parameters were derived using a Lyapunov function to guarantee control system stability. The experimental results verified that the proposed approach can achieve excellent control performance despite external disturbance.
文摘In order to solve the problem between searching performance and convergence of genetic algorithms, a fast genetic algorithm generalized self-adaptive genetic algorithm (GSAGA) is presented. (1) Evenly distributed initial population is generated. (2) Superior individuals are not broken because of crossover and mutation operation for they are sent to subgeneration directly. (3) High quality im- migrants are introduced according to the condition of the population schema. (4) Crossover and mutation are operated on self-adaptation. Therefore, GSAGA solves the coordination problem between convergence and searching performance. In GSAGA, the searching per- formance and global convergence are greatly improved compared with many existing genetic algorithms. Through simulation, the val- idity of this modified genetic algorithm is proved.
基金supported by the Science Foundation of Chongqing Education Department(KJ060506)Doctor Foundation of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(A2006-85)
文摘A kind of synchronization controller for Liu chaotic systems whose nonlinear components are subject to Lipschitz condition was proposed. By using Lyapunov function and linear matrix inequality technique, a self-adaptive synchronization controller was constructed for Liu chaotic systems. There are two components of our derived synchronization controller: linear and nonlinear component. Linear component is composed of errors of the state variables between driving-systems and responding-stems, and nonlinear component is a self-adaptive synchronization controller. a proof was given for proving the feasibility of this method, and numerical simulations of Liu chaotic systems show its effectiveness. Furthermore, this method can be applied to other chaotic systems, such as Chen systems, Lorenz systems, Chua systems and Rssler systems,etc.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10472007)
文摘The mathematical model of optimal placement of active members in truss adaptive structures is essentially a nonlinear multi-objective optimization problem with mixed variables. It is usually much difficult and costly to be solved. In this paper, the optimal location of active members is treated in terms of （0, 1） discrete variables. Structural member sizes, control gains, and （0, 1） placement variables are treated simultaneously as design variables. Then, a succinct and reasonable compromise scalar model, which is transformed from original multi-objective optimization, is established, in which the （0, 1） discrete variables are converted into an equality constraint. Secondly, by penalty function approach, the subsequent scalar mixed variable compromise model can be formulated equivalently as a sequence of continuous variable problems. Thirdly, for each continuous problem in the sequence, by choosing intermediate design variables and temporary critical constraints, the approximation concept is carried out to generate a sequence of explicit approximate problems which enhance the quality of the approximate design problems. Considering the proposed method, a FORTRAN program OPAMTAS2.0 for optimal placement of active members in truss adaptive structures is developed, which is used by the constrained variable metric method with the watchdog technique （CVMW method）. Finally, a typical 18 bar truss adaptive structure as test numerical examples is presented to illustrate that the design methodology set forth is simple, feasible, efficient and stable. The established scalar mixed variable compromise model that can avoid the ill-conditioned possibility caused by the different orders of magnitude of various objective functions in optimization process, therefore, it enables the optimization algorithm to have a good stability. On the other hand, the proposed novel optimization technique can make both discrete and continuous variables be optimized simultaneously.
文摘The Rosenbrock function optimization belongs to unconstrained optimization problems, and its global minimum value is located at the bottom of a smooth and narrow valley of the parabolic shape. It is very difficult to find the global minimum value of the function because of the little information provided for the optimization algorithm. According to the characteristics of the Rosenbrock function, this paper specifically proposed an improved differential evolution algorithm that adopts the self-adaptive scaling factor F and crossover rate CR with elimination mechanism, which can effectively avoid premature convergence of the algorithm and local optimum. This algorithm can also expand the search range at an early stage to find the global minimum of the Rosenbrock function. Many experimental results show that the algorithm has good performance of function optimization and provides a new idea for optimization problems similar to the Rosenbrock function for some problems of special fields.
文摘Functional MRI was used to map the brains of subjects on-line during the process of media training for the acquisition and improvement of self-regulation mechanisms. The temporal and spatial dynamics of the new neural network formation were studied in real and simulated (false) biofeedback game, and their qualitative characteristics were discussed. It has been shown that immersion into a virtual competitive game, controlled by physiological responses, causes a wide involvement of the cortices, characterized by a high volume of activation in the mid-temporal, occipital and frontal areas, the cuneus and the precuneus. In both forms of media training, high values of activation volume were identified in the cerebellar structures.
