Self-adaptive PID controller of microwave drying rotary device tuning on-line by genetic algorithms

The control design, based on self-adaptive PID with genetic algorithms(GA) tuning on-line was investigated, for the temperature control of industrial microwave drying rotary device with the multi-layer(IMDRDWM) and with multivariable nonlinear interaction of microwave and materials. The conventional PID control strategy incorporated with optimization GA was put forward to maintain the optimum drying temperature in order to keep the moisture content below 1%, whose adaptation ability included the cost function of optimization GA according to the output change. Simulations on five different industrial process models and practical temperature process control system for selenium-enriched slag drying intensively by using IMDRDWM were carried out systematically, indicating the reliability and effectiveness of control design. The parameters of proposed control design are all on-line implemented without iterative predictive calculations, and the closed-loop system stability is guaranteed, which makes the developed scheme simpler in its synthesis and application, providing the practical guidelines for the control implementation and the parameter design.

Acid-pickling plates and strips speed control system by microwave heating based on self-adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm

Double self-adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm-based control strategy was proposed to construct quasi-cascade control system to control the speed of the acid-pickling process of titanium plates and strips. It is very useful in overcoming non-linear dynamic behavior, uncertain and time-varying parameters, un-modeled dynamics, and couples between the automatic turbulence control (ATC) and the automatic acid temperature control (AATC) with varying parameters during the operation process. The quasi-cascade control system of inner and outer loop self-adaptive fuzzy PID controller was built, which could effectively control the pickling speed of plates and strips. The simulated results and real application indicate that the plates and strips acid pickling speed control system has good performances of adaptively tracking the parameter variations and anti-disturbances, which ensures the match of acid pickling temperature and turbulence of flowing with acid pickling speed, improving the surface quality of plates and strips acid pickling, and energy efficiency.

Unfolding neutron spectra from water-pumping-injection multilayered concentric sphere neutron spectrometer using self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm

A self-adaptive differential evolution neutron spectrum unfolding algorithm(SDENUA)is established in this study to unfold the neutron spectra obtained from a water-pumping-injection multilayered concentric sphere neutron spectrometer(WMNS).Specifically,the neutron fluence bounds are estimated to accelerate the algorithm convergence,and the minimum error between the optimal solution and input neutron counts with relative uncertainties is limited to 10^(-6)to avoid unnecessary calculations.Furthermore,the crossover probability and scaling factor are self-adaptively controlled.FLUKA Monte Carlo is used to simulate the readings of the WMNS under(1)a spectrum of Cf-252 and(2)its spectrum after being moderated,(3)a spectrum used for boron neutron capture therapy,and(4)a reactor spectrum.Subsequently,the measured neutron counts are unfolded using the SDENUA.The uncertainties of the measured neutron count and the response matrix are considered in the SDENUA,which does not require complex parameter tuning or an a priori default spectrum.The results indicate that the solutions of the SDENUA agree better with the IAEA spectra than those of MAXED and GRAVEL in UMG 3.1,and the errors of the final results calculated using the SDENUA are less than 12%.The established SDENUA can be used to unfold spectra from the WMNS.

An improved self-adaptive membrane computing optimization algorithm and its applications in residue hydrogenating model parameter estimation

In order to solve the non-linear and high-dimensional optimization problems more effectively, an improved self-adaptive membrane computing(ISMC) optimization algorithm was proposed. The proposed ISMC algorithm applied improved self-adaptive crossover and mutation formulae that can provide appropriate crossover operator and mutation operator based on different functions of the objects and the number of iterations. The performance of ISMC was tested by the benchmark functions. The simulation results for residue hydrogenating kinetics model parameter estimation show that the proposed method is superior to the traditional intelligent algorithms in terms of convergence accuracy and stability in solving the complex parameter optimization problems.

Enhanced self-adaptive evolutionary algorithm for numerical optimization

There are many population-based stochastic search algorithms for solving optimization problems. However, the universality and robustness of these algorithms are still unsatisfactory. This paper proposes an enhanced self-adaptiveevolutionary algorithm （ESEA） to overcome the demerits above. In the ESEA, four evolutionary operators are designed to enhance the evolutionary structure. Besides, the ESEA employs four effective search strategies under the framework of the self-adaptive learning. Four groups of the experiments are done to find out the most suitable parameter values for the ESEA. In order to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, 26 state-of-the-art test functions are solved by the ESEA and its competitors. The experimental results demonstrate that the universality and robustness of the ESEA out-perform its competitors.

Modified Self-adaptive Immune Genetic Algorithm for Optimization of Combustion Side Reaction of p-Xylene Oxidation

In recent years, immune genetic algorithm (IGA) is gaining popularity for finding the optimal solution for non-linear optimization problems in many engineering applications. However, IGA with deterministic mutation factor suffers from the problem of premature convergence. In this study, a modified self-adaptive immune genetic algorithm (MSIGA) with two memory bases, in which immune concepts are applied to determine the mutation parameters, is proposed to improve the searching ability of the algorithm and maintain population diversity. Performance comparisons with other well-known population-based iterative algorithms show that the proposed method converges quickly to the global optimum and overcomes premature problem. This algorithm is applied to optimize a feed forward neural network to measure the content of products in the combustion side reaction of p-xylene oxidation, and satisfactory results are obtained.

Dynamic self-adaptive ANP algorithm and its application to electric field simulation of aluminum reduction cell

Region partition(RP) is the key technique to the finite element parallel computing(FEPC),and its performance has a decisive influence on the entire process of analysis and computation.The performance evaluation index of RP method for the three-dimensional finite element model(FEM) has been given.By taking the electric field of aluminum reduction cell(ARC) as the research object,the performance of two classical RP methods,which are Al-NASRA and NGUYEN partition(ANP) algorithm and the multi-level partition(MLP) method,has been analyzed and compared.The comparison results indicate a sound performance of ANP algorithm,but to large-scale models,the computing time of ANP algorithm increases notably.This is because the ANP algorithm determines only one node based on the minimum weight and just adds the elements connected to the node into the sub-region during each iteration.To obtain the satisfied speed and the precision,an improved dynamic self-adaptive ANP(DSA-ANP) algorithm has been proposed.With consideration of model scale,complexity and sub-RP stage,the improved algorithm adaptively determines the number of nodes and selects those nodes with small enough weight,and then dynamically adds these connected elements.The proposed algorithm has been applied to the finite element analysis(FEA) of the electric field simulation of ARC.Compared with the traditional ANP algorithm,the computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm has been shortened approximately from 260 s to 13 s.This proves the superiority of the improved algorithm on computing time performance.

基于PSO-BP模糊PID的变距取苗机构控制系统设计

为满足番茄、辣椒等蔬菜作物的移栽需求,基于向下取苗原理设计了一种适用72穴和128穴两种主要番茄钵苗穴盘规格的变距取苗机构,通过建立数学模型获得了取苗机械手参数的目标函数,并利用粒子群和模拟退火混合算法对其结构参数进行优化。同时,为实现变距取苗机构的精确控制,提出了一种基于PSO-BP的模糊PID算法以提高控制精度,介绍了系统的结构与工作原理,并通过选型计算与分析建模建立了控制系统的数学模型。针对传统PID控制器稳定性差、响应速度慢等不足之处,利用PSO-BP模糊PID对控制器的参数进行在线调整,以满足控制过程中对参数的不同需求。仿真结果与试验数据的分析表明:在参数相同条件下,基于PSO-BP模糊PID控制系统系统稳定性更好、响应速度更快,具有良好的鲁棒性,提升取苗成功率的同时降低了基质损伤率,能够满足变距取苗机构高精度快速稳定控制的需求。

Generalized Self-Adaptive Genetic Algorithms

In order to solve the problem between searching performance and convergence of genetic algorithms, a fast genetic algorithm generalized self-adaptive genetic algorithm (GSAGA) is presented. (1) Evenly distributed initial population is generated. (2) Superior individuals are not broken because of crossover and mutation operation for they are sent to subgeneration directly. (3) High quality im- migrants are introduced according to the condition of the population schema. (4) Crossover and mutation are operated on self-adaptation. Therefore, GSAGA solves the coordination problem between convergence and searching performance. In GSAGA, the searching per- formance and global convergence are greatly improved compared with many existing genetic algorithms. Through simulation, the val- idity of this modified genetic algorithm is proved.

Differential Evolution Algorithm Based Self-adaptive Control Strategy for Fed-batch Cultivation of Yeast

In the fed-batch cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae,excessive glucose addition leads to increased ethanol accumulation,which will reduce the efficiency of glucose utilization and inhibit product synthesis.Insufficient glucose addition limits cell growth.To properly regulate glucose feed,a different evolution algorithm based on self-adaptive control strategy was proposed,consisting of three modules(PID,system identification and parameter optimization).Performance of the proposed and conventional PID controllers was validated and compared in simulated and experimental cultivations.In the simulation,cultivation with the self-adaptive control strategy had a more stable glucose feed rate and concentration,more stable ethanol concentration around the set-point(1.0 g·L^(-1)),and final biomass concentration of 34.5 g-DCW·L^(-1),29.2%higher than that with a conventional PID control strategy.In the experiment,the cultivation with the self-adaptive control strategy also had more stable glucose and ethanol concentrations,as well as a final biomass concentration that was 37.4%higher than that using the conventional strategy.

Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Chaotic Sequences and Dynamic Self-Adaptive Strategy

To deal with the problems of premature convergence and tending to jump into the local optimum in the traditional particle swarm optimization, a novel improved particle swarm optimization algorithm was proposed. The self-adaptive inertia weight factor was used to accelerate the converging speed, and chaotic sequences were used to tune the acceleration coefficients for the balance between exploration and exploitation. The performance of the proposed algorithm was tested on four classical multi-objective optimization functions by comparing with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm and multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm. The results verified the effectiveness of the algorithm, which improved the premature convergence problem with faster convergence rate and strong ability to jump out of local optimum.

Self-Adaptive Algorithms for the Split Common Fixed Point Problem of the Demimetric Mappings

The split common fixed point problem is an inverse problem that consists in finding an element in a fixed point set such that its image under a bounded linear operator belongs to another fixed-point set. In this paper, we present new iterative algorithms for solving the split common fixed point problem of demimetric mappings in Hilbert spaces. Moreover, our algorithm does not need any prior information of the operator norm. Weak and strong convergence theorems are given under some mild assumptions. The results in this paper are the extension and improvement of the recent results in the literature.

EVOLUTIONARY FUZZY GUIDANCE LAW WITH SELF-ADAPTIVE REGION

Effective guidance is one of the most important tasks to the performance of air-to-air missile. The fuzzy logic controller is able to perform effectively even in situations where the information about the plant is inaccurate and the operating conditions are uncertain. Based on the proportional navigation, the fuzzy logic and the genetic algorithm are combined to develop an evolutionary fuzzy navigation law with self-adapt region for the air-to-air missile guidance. The line of sight (LOS) rate and the closing speed between the missile and the target are inputs of the fuzzy controller. The output of the fuzzy controller is the commanded acceleration. Then a nonlinear function based on the conventional fuzzy logic control is imported to change the region. This nonlinear function can be changed with the input variables. So the dynamic change of the fuzzy variable region is achieved. The guidance law is optimized by the genetic algorithm. Simulation results of air-to-air missile attack using MATLAB show that the method needs less acceleration and shorter flying time, and its realization is simple.[KH*3/4D]

Salt and Pepper Noise Filter Based on GA-BP Algorithm Noise Detector

基于噪声检测的中值滤波器已广泛用于消除图像中的椒盐噪声，然而在高噪声密度情况下，对噪声像素的定位不准确很容易造成图像边缘的模糊。本文提出了一种基于GA-BP的椒盐噪声滤波算法，克服了这一缺陷。算法首先用遗传算法优化的BP网络对图像中的噪声像素定位，然后引入保边函数和PRP算法求目标函数的极值进而实现图像的去噪处理。实验结果表明，该算法比传统滤波算法效果有明显改善，且具有良好的泛化性、鲁棒性和自适应性。

正交实验结合AHP和GA-BP神经网络优化益黄散醇提工艺

目的 优化益黄散的醇提工艺。方法 采用回流提取法,以乙醇体积分数、液料比、提取时间为考察因素设计正交实验,以橙皮苷、川陈皮素、橘皮素、没食子酸、诃黎勒酸、诃子酸、甘草苷、甘草酸、丁香酚含量和干浸膏得率为指标,采用层次分析法(AHP)进行赋权并计算综合评分。通过验证正交实验和遗传算法(GA)-反向传播神经网络(BP神经网络)所预测的结果确定益黄散最佳醇提工艺参数。结果 正交实验优选的最佳醇提工艺参数为乙醇体积分数60%、液料比14∶1(mL/g)、提取时间90 min、提取2次,验证所得综合评分为79.19分;GA-BP神经网络优选的最佳醇提工艺参数为乙醇体积分数65%、液料比14∶1(mL/g)、提取时间60 min、提取2次,验证所得综合评分为85.30分,高于正交实验所得结果。结论 采用正交实验结合GA-BP神经网络的寻优方法较传统的正交实验寻优方法效果更佳,其优选出的益黄散最佳醇提工艺稳定可靠。

采用改进BP-PID控制的机器人避障仿真研究

针对移动机器人避障过程中行驶路径长、寻路速度慢等问题,提出了一种改进反向传播-比例-积分-微分(BP-PID)控制器,并对移动机器人避障效果进行仿真验证。利用移动机器人在二维坐标系的避障简图,得出了移动机器人运动方程式。引用比例-积分-微分(PID)控制器和3层BP神经网络结构,利用BP神经网络的学习能力调整PID控制器参数。引用粒子群算法进行改进,通过改进粒子群算法在线优化BP-PID控制器,确保移动机器人BP-PID控制器收敛于全局最优值,从而使移动机器人避障效果更好。在不同环境中,采用Matlab软件对移动机器人避障效果进行仿真,比较改进前和改进后的移动机器人避障效果。结果显示:在不同环境中,改进前和改进后的BP-PID控制器均能使移动机器人安全地躲避障碍物;但是采用改进的粒子群算法优化BP-PID控制器,可以使移动机器人运动路径更短,迭代次数更少,搜索时间更短。采用改进BP-PID控制器,能够提高移动机器人避障过程中寻路速度,缩短行驶路径,效果更好。

基于CSSA-BPNN模型的胶结充填体动态抗压强度预测

充填采矿法二步骤回采时胶结充填体稳定性受爆破扰动而降低。为快速准确地获得充填体动态抗压强度,利用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)进行了40组不同应变率的单轴冲击实验,以灰砂比、充填体密度、养护龄期和平均应变率作为输入参数,充填体动态抗压强度作为输出参数,建立了一种基于Logistic混沌麻雀搜索算法(CSSA)优化BP神经网络(BPNN)的预测模型,并与传统BPNN和麻雀搜索算法优化的BPNN进行了对比分析。结果表明:CSSA-BPNN模型的平均相对误差为4.11%,预测值与实测值之间拟合的相关系数均在0.96以上,模型预测精度高。CSSA-BPNN模型的均方根误差为0.395 0 MPa,平均绝对误差为0.359 2 MPa,决定系数为0.995 2,均优于另外两种预测模型。实现了对充填体动态抗压强度的准确预测,可大幅减小物理实验量,为矿山胶结充填体的强度设计提供了一种新方法。

基于BP神经网络算法的异步电机故障诊断系统研究

为了确保电机安全可靠地运行,研究了BP神经网络算法对异步电动机进行故障诊断。通过MATLAB平台,分别使用附加动量因子和自适应学习率两种梯度下降法进行网络训练,搭建故障诊断BP网络模型。以MSE值为指标优化最佳隐含层节点数、动量因子与学习率,并通过遗传算法来优化BP网络的初始权值,对故障测试样本进行仿真测试。结果表明,GA-BP网络模型比MF-BP和AG-BP的MSE值更低,仅为0.009163,优化后的诊断预测结果与目标值几乎没有差别。基于遗传算法改进的故障诊断系统模型能够满足异步电动机故障诊断的应用需求。

车轴滚齿加工工艺参数GA-BP模型NSGA-Ⅱ优化

研究了高速条件下的滚齿工艺参数设置与优化方面的工作,采用新的非支配遗传算法NSGA-Ⅱ设计了相应的优化数学模型,优化达到最低能耗以及最长的刀具使用期限,再以遗传反向传播算法(GABP)神经网络为目标设置预测模型并建立适应度函数,完成迭代优化后获得匹配滚齿工艺的Pareto最优条件。研究结果表明:这里预测模型经过5次循环计算后,均方差为10-5,得到0.000425的最优值,推断上述网络满足良好的稳定性。刀具寿命误差相对后者降低16%,降低了36%的能量损耗,发现GABP算法具备更优收敛能力。Pareto解集获得了比相近加工样本集更优的性能,因此采用多目标优化模型可以确保加工能耗和刀具使用寿命同时达到最佳状态。该研究对提高的滚齿加工工艺参数以及提高机加工效率具有很好的实际应用价值。

紫外光谱结合BP神经网络算法建立食用油掺伪煎炸油的快速鉴定模型

为建立一种快速食用油掺伪煎炸油检测方法,采用紫外光谱法鉴别其掺伪,本研究选取大豆油、玉米油和葵花籽油为代表分别煎炸,在纯油中掺入相应煎炸时间0~6 h及掺假梯度0%~90%的煎炸油制备掺伪油样,进行紫外光谱及二阶导数预处理,经处理后的光谱特征峰与BP(Backpropagation)神经网络算法结合建立食用油掺伪煎炸油模型,对掺入煎炸油类别、煎炸时间和煎炸油含量进行鉴别分析。结果表明二阶导数预处理后掺伪煎炸油的光谱特征峰中大豆油为446、462 nm、玉米油为268、274 nm、葵花籽油为280、288 nm,根据其特征峰位与峰值建立Levenberg–Marquardt算法(LMA)、动量梯度下降法(MGD)及弹性梯度下降法(EGD)掺伪模型识别率分别为98.15%、91.67%、95.52%。