Self-adaptive PID controller of microwave drying rotary device tuning on-line by genetic algorithms

The control design, based on self-adaptive PID with genetic algorithms(GA) tuning on-line was investigated, for the temperature control of industrial microwave drying rotary device with the multi-layer(IMDRDWM) and with multivariable nonlinear interaction of microwave and materials. The conventional PID control strategy incorporated with optimization GA was put forward to maintain the optimum drying temperature in order to keep the moisture content below 1%, whose adaptation ability included the cost function of optimization GA according to the output change. Simulations on five different industrial process models and practical temperature process control system for selenium-enriched slag drying intensively by using IMDRDWM were carried out systematically, indicating the reliability and effectiveness of control design. The parameters of proposed control design are all on-line implemented without iterative predictive calculations, and the closed-loop system stability is guaranteed, which makes the developed scheme simpler in its synthesis and application, providing the practical guidelines for the control implementation and the parameter design.

Study on Fuzzy Self-Adaptive PID Control System of Biomass Boiler Drum Water

The paper discusses the features of the Biomass Boiler drum water level. Conventional PID Control System can not reach a satisfaction result in nonlinearity and time different from Biomass Boiler Drum Water Control System. In this study, a kind of fuzzy self-adaptive PID controller is described and this controller is used in biomass boiler’s drum water level control system. Using the simulink tool of MATLAB simulation software to simulate the fuzzy adaptive PID and conventional PID control system, the result of the comparison shows that the fuzzy self-adaptive PID has the strong anti-jamming, flexibility and adaptability as well as the higher control precision in Biomass Boiler Drum Water.

Intelligent PID Control Method for Quadrotor UAV with Serial Humanoid Intelligence

Quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)are widely used in inspection,agriculture,express delivery,and other fields owing to their low cost and high flexibility.However,the current UAV control system has shortcomings such as poor control accuracy and weak anti-interference ability to a certain extent.To address the control problem of a four-rotor UAV,we propose a method to enhance the controller’s accuracy by considering underactuated dynamics,nonlinearities,and external disturbances.A mathematical model is constructed based on the flight principles of the quadrotor UAV.We develop a control algorithm that combines humanoid intelligence with a cascade Proportional-Integral-Derivative(PID)approach.This algorithm incorporates the rate of change of the error into the inputs of the cascade PID controller,uses both the error and its rate of change as characteristic variables of the UAV’s control system,and employs a hyperbolic tangent function to improve the outer-loop control.The result is a double closed-loop intelligent PID(DCLIPID)control algorithm.Through MATLAB numerical simulation tests,it is found that the DCLIPID algorithm reduces the rise time by 0.5 s and the number of oscillations by 2 times compared to the string PID algorithm when a unit step signal is used as input.A UAV flight test was designed for comparison with the serial PID algorithm,and it was found that when the UAV planned the trajectory autonomously,the errors in the X-,Y-,and Z-directions were reduced by 0.22,0.21,and 0.31 m,respectively.Under the interference environment of artificial wind about 3.6 m·s-1,the UAV hovering error in X-,Y-,and Z-directions are 0.24,0.42,and 0.27 m,respectively.The simulation and experimental results show that the control method of humanoid intelligence and cascade PID can improve the real-time,control accuracy and anti-interference ability of the UAV,and the method has a certain reference value for the research in the field of UAV control.

Unified Control Theory from PID to ACPID

To address the challenge of achieving unified control across diverse nonlinear systems, a comprehensive control theory spanning from PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) to ACPID (Auto-Coupling PID) has been proposed. The primary concept is to unify all intricate factors, including internal dynamics and external bounded disturbance, into a single total disturbance. This enables the mapping of various nonlinear systems onto a linear disturbance system. Based on the theory of PID control and the characteristic equation of a critically damping system, Zeng’s stabilization rules (ZSR) and an ACPID control force based on a single speed factor have been designed. ACPID control theory is both simple and practical, with significant scientific significance and application value in the field of control engineering.

Acid-pickling plates and strips speed control system by microwave heating based on self-adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm

Double self-adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm-based control strategy was proposed to construct quasi-cascade control system to control the speed of the acid-pickling process of titanium plates and strips. It is very useful in overcoming non-linear dynamic behavior, uncertain and time-varying parameters, un-modeled dynamics, and couples between the automatic turbulence control (ATC) and the automatic acid temperature control (AATC) with varying parameters during the operation process. The quasi-cascade control system of inner and outer loop self-adaptive fuzzy PID controller was built, which could effectively control the pickling speed of plates and strips. The simulated results and real application indicate that the plates and strips acid pickling speed control system has good performances of adaptively tracking the parameter variations and anti-disturbances, which ensures the match of acid pickling temperature and turbulence of flowing with acid pickling speed, improving the surface quality of plates and strips acid pickling, and energy efficiency.

The control of welding wire feed self-adaptive mechanism based on fuzzy PID

The welding wire feed mechanism is an important component of welding equipment, both reliability and stabilization are the premise that the welding quality can be ensured. The PID is currently adapted to control the welding wire feed mechanism, although the fuzzy PID has advantage of fast response and adaptation, the precision of fuzzy PID is lower. Accordingly, the fuzzy self-adaptive PID controller was proposed through changing fuzzy input variables and output variables based on variable universe, simple furwtion is adopted as scaling factor, the fuzzy PID controller parameters are adjusted to improve the precision and adjustment range. Simulation results show that control effects of fuzzy self-adaptive PID adopted by the welding wire feed mechanism have good adaptive ability and robustness based on variable universe, the welding experiments indicate that the welding quality met the requirements actually.

BIO-INSPIRED SELF-ADAPTIVE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM CONTROL ARCHITECTURE

Future manufacturing systems need to cope with frequent changes and disturbances, therefore their control architectures require constant adaptability, agility, stability, self-organization, intelligence, and robustness. Bio-inspired manufacturing system can well satisfy these requirements. For this purpose, by referencing the biological organization structure and the mechanism, a bio-inspired manufacturing cell is presented from a novel view, and then a bio-inspired self-adaptive manufacturing model is established based on the ultra-short feedback mechanism of the neuro-endocrine system. A hio-inspired self-adaptive manufacturing system coordinated model is also established based on the neuro-endocrine-immunity system （NEIS）. Finally, an example based on pheromone communication mechanism indicates that the robustness of the whole manufacturing system is improved by bio-inspired technologies.

采摘机器人机械手避障方法研究——基于遗传优化和模糊PID控制器

为了提高采摘机器人机械手移动的自动化程度,使其在移动过程中有效避开障碍物,将基于PID控制器的避障系统引入到了机械手的设计上,并采用遗传算法和模糊算法对控制器进行了优化,提高了机械手移动的准确性和平稳性。模拟采摘机器人机械手的作业环境,对机械手的避障功能进行了测试,结果表明:机械手可以成功躲避障碍物,且采用遗传和模糊算法优化的机械手具有更高的移动平稳性,对于提高果实采摘效率和质量具有重要的作用。

基于PID的ROV运动控制仿真

针对观察型水下机器人在水下运动时易受暗流、波浪影响,造成操控困难、系统稳定性差等问题,建立遥控水下机器人(Remotely Operated Vehicle,ROV)不同运动的控制模型,考虑电机和导管螺旋桨推进器的传递函数对ROV控制系统的影响,确定定艏向和定深控制系统的闭环传递函数,结合模糊控制和比例积分微分(Proportional Integral Differential,PID)控制法,得到模糊PID控制器,基于MATLAB/Simulink环境进行ROV定深度运动仿真和ROV水平面艏向定偏角运动仿真。结果表明,与传统PID控制相比,模糊PID控制具有更优的ROV定艏向和定深度控制效果,不会发生超调现象,在抗干扰能力和响应速度方面具有明显的优势,可有效地实现ROV定艏向和定深度运动控制。

基于遗传算法的汽车主动悬架变论域模糊PID控制

针对1/4车主动悬架系统,提出一种基于遗传算法(genetic algorithm,GA)的变论域模糊比例-积分-微分(proportional-integral-differential,PID)控制方法.在建立主动悬架系统模型的基础上,引入变论域思想设计模糊PID控制器.为进一步改善控制器减振效果,采用GA来优化变论域中伸缩因子描述函数的参数.结果表明:相比PID、模糊PID与未优化的变论域模糊PID等控制方法,基于GA的变论域模糊PID控制方法在降低车身垂向加速度、改善乘坐舒适性方面具有优越性;所提控制方法对簧载质量和车辆行驶速度不确定性具备较强的鲁棒性.

基于单片机和PID算法的温度智能控制系统设计

为提高温度控制的智能化水平,设计一种智能温度控制系统。该系统以STC89C52单片机为控制器,采用PID算法控制温度,具有语音播报和手机远程控制等功能。采用DS18B20温度传感器采集环境温度;设计LCD12864显示电路实时显示当前温度、温度上下限以及温度状态;设计WT588D语音提醒电路,当测量温度小于下限或大于上限时发出语音提醒;设计按键电路实现温度上下限值的设定;设计蓝牙通信电路,与手机APP通信,实现远程控制;采用PID算法输出控制量,控制固态继电器驱动加热或降温装置,实现温度控制。其次,对温度控制系统的硬件和软件进行设计,并制作实物进行运行测试。实验结果表明,所设计的温度控制系统能够很好地实现温度控制,从而达到预期效果,且操作方便、成本低,具有较强的应用价值。

“自动控制原理”课程思政教学探讨——以PID控制教学为例

随着信息技术的飞速发展及在各行各业的深入渗透,高校教学过程中越来越多的专业开设了控制类课程。“自动控制原理”是自动化类专业的核心基础课程,也是武汉大学全校公共专业基础平台课,受众面十分广泛。通过主要阐述经典控制理论PID控制器中体现的系统思想,通过剖析PID控制的物理内涵,润物无声地融入思政元素,将控制理论内在的技术哲学自然融入专业课程教学,在传授知识的同时进行价值引领,切实提升立德树人成效。

基于PLC的立根自动输送系统的PID同步控制设计

针对陆地立根输送系统,为在输送的第二阶段能够将钻具输送至方便吊卡吊取和工人操作的合适位置和角度,并解决两个液压支撑臂对输送臂同步举升的问题,设计了一种基于PLC的立根输送系统的PID同步控制系统。首先,介绍立根输送装置各部分(坡道、底座、输送臂、液压辅助装置、送钻小车和液压绞车)的原理和工作过程。其次,根据目标功能,选择西门子S7-200 smartPLC进行控制系统设计,采用电液控制相结合的方式完成输送系统的功能设计,同时运用PID实现同步控制,运用变频器控制送钻装置实现多段速控制,完成程序的设计接线。最后,对PID程序进行组态调试,并设计控制面板。结果表明自动化控制下的陆地立根输送系统更加安全稳定,自动化程度进一步得到提高,钻具输送效率大大提高。

基于模糊-遗传算法的粗纱机出料传动系统PID参数优化方法

目前常规的粗纱机出料传动系统PID参数优化方法主要通过结合被控对象的稳态增益情况构建出优化函数,实现PID参数优化整合,忽略了实际运行工况下的干扰成分,导致参数优化效果不佳。对此,提出基于模糊-遗传算法的粗纱机出料传动系统PID参数优化方法。首先结合PID的系统阶跃响应曲线,以被控量的偏差变化率作为主要参数选取性能指标;然后通过引入负荷扰动模块以及频率干扰模块,对PID调节模块进行建模分析;最后结合模糊-遗传算法对最优适应度值进行求解,从而实现PID参数的有效优化,并对提出的方法进行优化效果检验。最终测试结果表明,采用提出的方法对PID参数进行优化整合时,控制输出曲线与理论输出曲线的拟合程度更高,具备较为理想的优化效果。

基于变论域模糊PID的金属热处理过程温度控制方法

为高效且安全地提取金属合金内的可用材质并分析其性能,利用变论域模糊PID技术,实现对热处理过程的温度控制。设定在金属规则状态不变的情况下,论域会随着偏差的缩减出现伸缩,即需要增添新的规则。若偏差率能够支持模糊量化取整,控制器的伸缩因子可能会陷入无法取值的情况。此时,通过二元函数分片双一次插值法计算伸缩因子,在临近分档之间填充新规则,确保伸缩因子取值的连续性。然后,在模糊PID控制过程中加入变论域,依靠控制器实现对金属热处理过程温度的控制。根据实验验证情况可知:该方法有效提高了控制效果,在应用该方法后,缩短了温度控制时间,在100s内就可以是加热温度到达拟定值。

基于BPNN-PID控制策略的果蔬保鲜环境参数调控优化

【目的】开发新的控制策略,用于解决传统控制方法果蔬保鲜环境参数因时变性、非线性、滞后性强和惯性大等特点导致的控制精度低、鲁棒性弱等问题。【方法】将传统比例−积分−微分(Proportional-integral-derivative,PID)和BP神经网络(Back-propagation neural network,BPNN)算法相结合,开发一种基于BPNN-PID的控制策略,通过自主搭建的果蔬保鲜环境调控试验平台和自主设计的控制系统,研究不同控制策略对保鲜环境参数调控效果的影响。【结果】基于BPNN-PID控制策略的果蔬保鲜环境控制系统,环境温度超调量为1.7℃、稳定时间为80 min、稳态误差为±0.2℃,环境相对湿度超调量为2.8%、稳定时间为55 min,相对湿度稳定维持在80%~90%范围内。与传统PID控制策略相比,BPNN-PID控制策略环境温度超调量减小了2.1℃、稳态误差减小了0.3℃、稳定时间缩短了25 min,环境相对湿度超调量减小了2.2%、稳定时间缩短了25 min,环境参数波动幅度均有所降低。【结论】本文开发的果蔬保鲜环境控制系统呈现出良好的动态调整能力,具有较强的鲁棒性,控制性能明显提升,实现了保鲜环境参数的精准控制,满足果蔬保鲜贮藏要求。研究结果为果蔬保鲜环境参数调控提供了参考。

基于粒子群优化模糊PID控制的水厂加氯系统

水厂加氯过程具有非线性、大时滞等特点,采用传统的PID控制方式难以实现消毒剂精准投加。因此,以某采用次氯酸钠消毒系统的水厂为例,首先通过分析该水厂加氯系统工作原理,结合工程经验和运行数据确定了加氯过程的近似数学模型。然后综合使用粒子群优化算法、模糊控制算法和PID控制算法,设计了一种粒子群优化模糊PID控制器,并利用MATLAB软件搭建了粒子群优化模糊PID控制系统和传统PID控制系统的模型进行仿真验证,结果表明:相较于传统PID控制系统,粒子群优化模糊PID控制系统的超调量减少了89.36%,调节时间减少了46.63%,其抗干扰能力也更强,系统整体控制效果有了较大提升。最后使用基于粒子群优化的模糊PID控制法对水厂加氯控制系统进行改造,试运行后发现,新系统控制效果良好,出厂水游离氯值能够稳定在设定值附近。

带宽化调节下的抗扰PID退饱和控制方法

比例–积分–微分(PID)控制的抗饱和设计是一类经典非线性控制问题,理论研究丰富,但工程中广泛使用的仍是积分退饱和这类简易策略.究其原因,现有理论方法过于依赖系统模型和状态空间理论,稳定性条件与调参机制之间关系复杂.本文基于经典退饱和控制结构,首次阐述了“退饱和带宽”概念及退饱和参数调节机理,在此基础上讨论了两类低阶退饱和补偿器的带宽化设计方法.在抗扰PID反馈控制下,结合小增益定理得到退饱和控制的稳定性条件,给出控制参数与退饱和带宽之间的调节关系,实现退饱和控制的带宽化整定.最后,通过数值仿真验证了所提方法的有效性.

重放攻击下多智能体系统H_(∞)一致性PID控制

本文针对一类带有加性噪声和乘性噪声的离散多智能体系统,研究重放攻击下多智能体系统的H_(∞)一致性比例-积分-微分(PID)控制问题.首先,根据智能体的测量输出设计状态观测器,对智能体的状态进行有效估计,观测器设计过程中考虑了系统测量输出从传感器传输到观测器过程中受到重放网络攻击的影响.然后,利用智能体与其邻居智能体的估计状态差设计PID控制器.利用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论和代数图论,证明在该控制策略下,多智能体系统在重放攻击存在的情况下达到预期的H_(∞)性能指标.最后,利用线性矩阵不等式(LMI)方法求解观测器和控制器增益,利用数值仿真验证了所设计的观测器和PID控制器的有效性.

多策略改进粒子群优化AGV模糊PID控制

为解决AGV在复杂环境下控制精度低下、响应速度慢和鲁棒性差等问题,提出一种基于改进粒子群优化模糊PID控制方法。在粒子群算法(PSO)引入Logistic混沌映射对种群进行初始化,其次对惯性权重和学习因子进行非线性控制更新,提升种群寻优能力和避免陷入局部最优;选取9个测试函数验证改进PSO算法效果。仿真结果表明改进PSO在寻优精度和收敛速度都优于其他3种算法,而且不易陷入局部最优。最后对被控系统进行效果验证,结果表明改进PSO优化模糊PID控制器在常规和外部干扰两种环境下控制性能都优于传统PID和模糊PID,具有高可靠性、高控制精度,满足系统要求。