The Effect of Self-confidence in SLA

Krashen's affective filter theory drew researchers' attention to the fresh field of internal factors of learners.But researchers seem to pay too much attention to the other factors while tending to neglect a factor that we cannot afford to play down in language learning research-self-confidence.This paper is designed to discuss the close relationship between self-confidence and some of the other important affective factors,and furthermore raise appropriate concern over self-confidence.

Seeking the Self-consciousness of Black Woman from the Point of View of“Womanism”in Everyday Use

Alice Walker is one of the prominent American writers in American women' s literature and black literature in 1950s-1960s.The short story Everyday Use was published early in her writing career.She displays the differences in the behav iors and minds of the mother and her two daughters during the process of seeking the self-consciousness of black woman from the point of view of " womanism".This paper attempts to explore the awakening of their heritage and self-consciousness in or der to deepen the understanding and thoughts on the theme of the text.

How to Strengthen Child Learners' Self-confidence

Self-confidence is closely related to L2 learning.In order to make their learners enjoy English learning,English teach ers need to strengthen the learners’English learning confidence.This article is to find out English teachers’role to strengthening learners’self-confidence in ELL by means of class observation.The writer concludes improving speaking ability;giving praise and offering gentle error correcting can help to strengthen the learners’confidence.

Study on Self-consciousness of Children With Learning Disabilities and Related Factors

Objective To study the self-consciousness of children with learning disabilities (LD) and to identify related factors. Methods Five hundred and sixty pupils graded from 1 to 6 in an elementary school were investigated. According to the pupil rating scale revised screening for learning disabilities (PRS), combined Raven’s test (CRT) and achievement of main courses, 35 of 560 pupils were diagnosed as LD children. Thirty-five children were selected from the average children and 35 from advanced children in academic achievement equally matched in class, gender, and age with LD children as control groups. The three groups were tested by Piers-Harris children’s self-concept scale. Basic information of each subject was collected by self-made questionnaire. Results Compared with the average and advanced children, LD children got significantly lower scores in self-concept scale. Based on logistic regression analysis, 3 factors were identified, including family income per month, single child and delivery model. Conclusion The results suggest that self-consciousness of children with LD is lower than that of normal children.

Cultivation of Cultural Subjectivity from the Perspective of Cultural Self-Confidence

Economic and cultural globalization has strong impacts on the culture of each country.How to maintain the integrity of the local culture in the course of globalization and how to develop on the basis of the inheritance and innovation are the questions worthy of being studied.This paper firstly expounds the important meaning of cultural subjectivity in the view of cultural self-confidence,then explores the roots for the loss of cultural subjectivity consciousness and finally indicates the strategies of cultivating cultural subjectivity.Cultivating cultural subjectivity is an effective way to maintain the integrity of the local culture and the cultural self-confidence.

The Relationship between College Graduate’s Dual Self-Consciousness and Job Search Clarity: The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress

The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between college graduates’dual self-consciousness,job search clarity and perceived stress,and reveal the mediating role of perceived stress between dual self-consciousness and job search clarity.In this study,467 college graduates were investigated using the Dual Self-Consciousness Scale,Job Search Clarity Scale,and Perceived Stress Scale.After controlling for gender,age,and region,the results revealed that:(1)private self-consciousness has a significant positive predictive effect on job search clarity;(2)perceived stress has a significant negative predictive effect on job search clarity;(3)perceived stress plays partial mediation effects between private self-consciousness and job search clarity;(4)perceived stress plays complete mediation effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity;(5)perceived stress has suppressing effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity.

The Conflicts of Huck''s Self-consciousness and His Spiritual Growth in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the masterpieces of American novelist Mark Twain. In this novel, Twain not onlydescribes the courageous adventures of Huck, but also his psychological or spiritual growth. Due to the social and cultural back-ground of that time and general cultural concept the protagonist was instilled before, the conflicts of the protagonist's self-con-sciousness appear many times in this novel when the issue of slavery is concerned. However, through the protagonist's inner con-flicts, he finally gains spiritual growth and obtains a higher level of moral maturity.

On Cultural Self-Confidence and Communication from the Perspective of“Belt and Road”Initiative

An important part of the "Belt and Road " Initiative is to achieve people-to-people bonds. People-to-people bonds are certainly based on cultural self-confidence and cultural self-awareness. Cultural self-confidence is an important cultural strategy put forward by the party and the country in the vision of contemporary society,and an important deployment to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. This paper first gives a brief overview of the advantages of cultural self-confidence in external communication,and then analyzes the opportunities and challenges that cultural self-confidence faces in external communication in the newera. Finally,it focuses on exploration on the external communication ways of cultural self-confidence in the "Belt and Road"Initiative. O nly based on the deep understanding of local culture can we can shape the soul of culture in the process of further opening-up and external communication to the outside world,and enhance the cultural self-aw areness of the people; build a solid foundation of culture and promote cultural exchanges with other countries.

Handling the EFL Students＇ Crisis of Self-confidence to Ask Questions

It is no wonder that inquiring is an important skill. This paper deals with a research which was intended to see if respect and encouragement could solve the problem of students＇ self-confidence to inquire in the EFL （English as a Foreign Language） classroom. The research involved a secondary group of students whose self-confidence to ask questions was considered low by the teacher and research collaborators. The data were collected through observation, questionnaire and interview. Based on a pre-observation, problem sources had been identified, i.e., the students were afraid of being thought of as ＂looking for sensation only＂, afraid that their classmates would laugh at them, worried of being judged as arrogant or pretentious, did not want to be considered stupid, and wondered if they could produce qualified questions. Teachers believed that fear of asking questions is part of the Indonesian students＇ culture. The research team agreed upon the way to handle the problem--by respect and encouragement procedure. The first session implementing the procedure was not successful enough in raising the students＇ self-confidence. Though students had already started to address some questions of this stage, their behaviors did not seem to be improved. They were still afraid, doubtful and unhappy with questioning, which were the signs of lacking of confidence. However, the next cycle was in general a success. The students＇ questions increased considerably. They looked more enthusiastic, passionate and happier in response to teachers＇ invitation to inquire, showing that their self-confidence for asking questions has developed.

The Study on Self-consciousness in Flow

The issue of consciousness is a core issue in flow theory.The key element of flow is concentration,which is based on self-control and the order of consciousness.Flow usually gives people a feeling of ecstasy,but this disappearance of self-awareness does not mean the disappearance of the self.Self still controls actions and thinking.The abnormality of the sense of time in flow is related to the disappearance of self-consciousness.Reflection provides the dynamic situation of behavior and helps people adjust themselves in time to achieve the optimal experience of heart flow.

Students＇ Satisfaction with Simulation Learning Environment in Relation to Self-confidence and Learning Achievement

The evolution in patient simulation as educational tool is being driven by a number of factors. Priority of patient safety, patient availability, and the ever increasing body of medical knowledge presents new challenges to curriculum planners. Student＇s satisfaction is an important element of the investigation of simulation learning environment efficacy. There are suggestions that student satisfaction may have some correlation with self-confidence and learning achievement. This is a prospective exploratory study that evaluates learners＇ satisfaction with simulation learning environment and self-conference utilized satisfaction with SSE （simulation experience scale） and pre and post simulation test for learning achievement. Participants was third-year medical students （n = 45） participating in their regular simulation-based session at Center of Excellence for Simulation Education and Innovation （CESEI）, University of British Columbia. A comparison between pre- and post-test results was conducted on the basis of t-test for related samples. Correlation was used to explore the relationships among students satisfaction with the simulation environment and students＇ self-confidence and achievement. The simulation exercise, completed by 45 students, increased correct test answers on average from 72% to 89% （P-Value 〈 0.0001 by paired t-test）. Increases in test results were between pre- and post- simulation identical multiple choice questions. The mean score for satisfaction with simulation environment items was 4.47, SD （0.45）, using a 5-point Likert scale with 5 = strongly agree, 4 = agree, 3 = neutral, 2 = disagree, and 1 = strongly disagree. The mean score for self-confidence in performing BLS, evaluating and managing acute cardiac patient was 3.83, SD （1.02）. For evaluating the relationship between students satisfaction with simulation learning environment and learning achievement, bivariate analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between satisfaction with simulation learning environment and learning achievement （Pearson r = 0.80, P-Value 〈 0.01）. The magnitude or strength of the correlation coefficient （r = 0.80） indicated satisfaction with simulation environment and learning achievement have a strong effect and positive correlation. Simulation learning environment for medical students is effective in improving students＇ overall comprehension and better learning achievements. Furthermore, students＇ basic clinical skills are improved associated with higher self-confidence.

Culture Crisis and Culture Self-confidence

The cultural crisis is an inevitable process for any nation and country in the process of modernization. But the crisis is not terrible. With the cultural conflict, it contributes to integration and regeneration. Therefore, when Western learning spread to the East, which means the tradition turns to the modernization, the Eastern learning also spreaded to the West, which means using traditional approaches to solve the problems of modernization. The key to this problem is to construct a new cultural value system that meets the needs of modernization and the future society in the clash and crisis of culture. Chinese should be more confident in meeting foreign culture nowadays. There is no need to be afraid of the mingling of gold and sand, let alone the loss of national unique quality. In an era of reconstruction of the world order, China needs a globalized cultural narrative to rebuild the position of China and Asia in the world＇s cultural history and retrieve the lost position of Chinese culture. To this end, we can learn from nutrients of history and culture, establish self-confidence.

Phenomenal Consciousness, Self-Consciousness and Animal Suffering

In this article I will confront Antonio Damasio＇s theory （exposed in his last book Self Comes to Mind） with the criticism it received from Ned Block. The latter holds that Damasio does not distinguish the concepts of phenomenal consciousness and self-consciousness and this has two kinds of consequences. One is that it cannot satisfactorily explain certain mental states （dreams, vegetative states）; the other is that it has harmful consequences for animal ethics. I maintain that to compare the two theories we can only rely on our pre-theoretical intuition of consciousness. Thus, I argue that Dam^tsio＇s theory combines more with our intuitions. One of the reasons is that the cases that Block describes as phenomenal consciousness without access consciousness （and without self-consciousness） are best explained as being cases of mind without consciousness. Dam^sio＇s theory can also explain those referred cases which are theoretically problematic. Moreover, Dam^isio has a threshold model （an expression by Barry Dainton）, which is something that Block seems to ignore. This model fits well with the intuitions and neurological knowledge that we normally have on animal consciousness. Dam^isio＇s core self and his theory of emotions and feelings allow us to understand why we feel compassion for animals. Therefore, we are able to develop an animal ethics, which does not mean that we are required to do so. So even though Damasio does not solve the mystery of consciousness, he should not be the subject of Block＇s criticism.

CHINA'S SELF-CONFIDENCE AND CONSCIOUSNESS IN GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

'China should make greater contributions to mankind.'Such contributions are now to be found more and more on the level of global governance.As General Secretary Xi Jinping observed in his New Year Address of 2016,'the world is too big,and challenges are too many,to go without the voice from China being heard,without solution ideas from China being shared,without the involvement of China being needed'.

The Rise of the Elizabethan Language:Self-consciousness and Language Policy

The notion of"Queen's English",depending on who is the ruler of the time,could be traced back to the sixteenth century,when the idea that the monarch's usage of the language should be a model in speech and writing.That is where the"Elizabethan English" originated from.From the linguistic point of view,Elizabethan English is categorized into Early Modern English,which dominantly spanned the Renaissance,Elizabethan era and Shakespeare.On a smaller scale,this paper focused upon language itself,trying to exemplify the rise of Elizabethan Language from the second half of 16th century to the outset of 17th century by presenting two factors of self-consciousness and the relevant policy.

Self-consciousness in Black Literature

The Black self-consciousness is an eternal literay theme seriously treated in American Literature and Black Literature in particular,This paper gives a survey of the progress of Black self-consciousness in which Black Americans have neen struggling continously to earn their freedom and equality,and later to restore their own self-respect and confidence.The progressive self-consciousness is evidently demonstrated in this paper by comparative analysis of various Black figures,from the obedient and meek Ngro slaves represented by Uncle Tom to the rebellious and difi-ant characters portrayed by Richard Wright and Ralph Ellison,In reality,the promising generation involved in the Harlem Renaissance have taken some measures to search for their own identity in a highly organized and prejudiced society.

The Awakening of Self-consciousness of the African American Women—an Analysis of Dee in Everyday Use

Alice Walker is one of the prominent American writers in American women's literature and black literature in 1950s-1960s. Everyday Use is regarded as Alice Walker's best-written short story. The prevailing opinion among the critics about this story is that Dee is the traitor of black American's cultural heritage, and the mother and Maggie are the hope of true value of the African Americans' tradition and heritage; however, after considering the historical and cultural background of the story, we may safely come to the conclusion that Dee actually took the first step toward the awakening of self-consciousness of the African Americans women.

The Relationship between Consumers'Public Self-consciousness and their Purchase Intention of the New Luxury Goods

The era of consumption upgrade has begun due to the rapid economic development.Nowadays,the new luxuryconsumption is prevailing,and China has emerged as the primary consumer of these luxury goods.Based on the public self-consciousness of consumers,the relationship between this aspect and consumers'purchase intentions of the new luxury goodsis explored.This study investigated the impact of consumers'public self-consciousness on their willingness to purchase newluxury goods,validated the proposed hypothesis by design experiments,and used the linear regression analysis of theexperimental data.This study showed that the higher the consumer's public self-consciousness,the more inclined they wereto purchase these luxury goods.The findings of this study would be helpful to expand and enrich the researeh of the newluxury consumption behaviors in consideration that public self-consciousness is hardly reflected in recent research.Hence,this study would enlighten and acts as a significant reference for companies of the new luxury goods to develop more effectivemarketing strategies.

Exploration of the Cultural Connotation of “Traditional Festivals” Eco-Curriculum in Primary Schools

Chinese traditional festivals with rich historical and cultural connotations fully reflect Chinese children’s national cultural emotions and values.It is of great significance to explore the cultural connotations behind traditional festivals in primary school’s civics and political curriculum,and to cultivate primary school students’traditional cultural identity and increase their cultural self-confidence and patriotism through multi-channel and multi-form innovative educational strategies and curriculum design.

Self-Awareness,a Singularity of AI

Self-awareness,or self-consciousness,refers to reflective recognition of the existence of“subjective-self”.Every person has a subjective-self from which the person observes and interacts with the world.In this article,we argue that self-consciousness is an enigmatic phenomenon unique in human intelligence.Unlike many other intelligent and conscious capabilities,self-consciousness is not possible to be achieved in electronic computers and robots.Self-consciousness is an odd-point of human intelligence and a singularity of artificial intelligence(AI).Man-made intelligence through software is not capable of self-consciousness;therefore,robots will never become a newly created species.Because of the lack of self-awareness,AI software,such as Watson,Alpha-zero,ChatGPT,and PaLM,will remain a tool of humans and will not dominate the human society no matter how smart it is.This singularity of AI makes us re-think humbly what the future AI is like,what kind of robots we are going to deal with,and the blessing and threat of AI on humanity.