Cosine-modulated window function-based staggered-grid finite-difference forward modeling

The numerical dispersion and computational cost are high for conventional Taylor series expansion staggered-grid finite-difference forward modeling owing to the high frequency of the wavelets and the large grid intervals. In this study, the cosine-modulated binomial window function （CMBWF）-based staggered-grid finite-difference method is proposed. Two new parameters, the modulated time and modulated range are used in the new window function and by adjusting these two parameters we obtain different characteristics of the main and side lobes of the amplitude response. Numerical dispersion analysis and elastic wavefield forward modeling suggests that the CMBWF method is more precise and less computationally costly than the conventional Taylor series expansion staggered-grid finite-difference method.

Optimized staggered-grid finite-difference operators using window functions

The staggered-grid finite-difference （SGFD） method has been widely used in seismic forward modeling. The precision of the forward modeling results directly affects the results of the subsequent seismic inversion and migration. Numerical dispersion is one of the problems in this method. The window function method can reduce dispersion by replacing the finite-difference operators with window operators, obtained by truncating the spatial convolution series of the pseudospectral method. Although the window operators have high precision in the low-wavenumber domain, their precision decreases rapidly in the high-wavenumber domain. We develop a least squares optimization method to enhance the precision of operators obtained by the window function method. We transform the SGFD problem into a least squares problem and find the best solution iteratively. The window operator is chosen as the initial value and the optimized domain is set by the error threshold. The conjugate gradient method is also adopted to increase the stability of the solution. Approximation error analysis and numerical simulation results suggest that the proposed method increases the precision of the window function operators and decreases the numerical dispersion.

Serial Communications Programming in Windows95 with API Functions

This paper introduces the usage of these functions. It presents the technique of how to program with them to perform the serial communications between a computer and other digital devices by the serial porst in Windows95. The related sample codes of the applications of this technique written in C++ programming language are also given. This technique is applied successfully to receive the data of the radio noise from a frequency monitor.

Design of NPR-Type Cosine Modulated Filterbank Using Combinational Window Functions

This paper presents the design of near perfect reconstruction (NPR) cosine modulated filterbank (CMFB). The prototype filter is designed by the combinational window functions. These window functions provide high side-lobe-fall-off-rate (SLFOR) with better far-end attenuation which suppresses the undesired inter-ferences occur in the filterbank. A linear optimization is used to minimize the error parameters. Design ex-amples have been included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique over the earlier reported work.

Analysis of PC6 window function using fractional Fourier transform

Fractional Fourier transform(FRFT)is a linear transform generalizing Fourier transform(FT)that plays an important role in the field of signal processing and analysis.FRFT contains an adjustable parameterα,which it rotates the signal in the time frequency plane and represents the signal in an intermediate domain between time and frequency.FRFT provides a measure about the angular distribution of signal’s energy in time frequency plane.FT is a special case of FRFT when angleαis equal toπ/2.This paper presents mathematical model for obtaining FRFT of PC6 window function.The different parameters of this window function are also obtained with the help of simulation results.A comparison of window function parameters is presented using FT and FRFT.Also comparison of this window function with Hanning window function is presented in terms of Side Lobe Fall off Rate(SLFOR).For different values of FRFT order,PC6 window function shows variation in different parameters.Thus by changing the FRFT order,the minimum stop band attenuation of the resulting window function can be controlled.

Effect of the Energy Window Width on the Estimation of Renal Function from Dynamic Renal Scintigraphy with ^99mTc-MAG3

Objective: The width of the photopeak energy window influences the image quality and quantitative accuracy of gamma camera imaging. We compared 20% and 15% energy windows in renal scintigraphy with 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3), especially in terms of camera-based quantitative estimation of renal function. Materials and Methods: Forty patients who underwent dynamic renal scintigraphy with 99mTc-MAG3 were enrolled in this study. Images were acquired simultaneously using two energy windows centered at 140 keV and with widths of 20% and 15%. Fractional renal uptake was calculated as the ratio of initial renal uptake estimated by patient imaging to injected dose estimated by syringe imaging, and was converted to MAG3 clearance using an empirical equation determined previously from data obtained with a 20% energy window. Relative function of the right kidney was also assessed. Visual evaluation was performed to compare image quality between the 20% and 15% energy windows. Results: Both total kidney MAG3 clearance and relative function of the right kidney were identical between the 20% and 15% energy windows. Image quality was also similar irrespective of the energy window width. Conclusions: The camera-based method established using a 20% energy window is applicable for the estimation of renal function using a 15% energy window, and data obtained using 20% and 15% windows are interchangeable.

Strong Consistency for the Kernal Estimates of the Random Window Width of the Density Function and its Derivatives Under Φ-Mixing Samples

In the paper,we study the strong uniform consistency for the kernal estimates of random window w■th of density function and its derivatives under the condition that the sequence{X_n}of the ■ are the identically Φ-mixing random variabks.

基于高倍过采样与加窗插值FFT的电力谐波分析

为提高谐波分析精度,分析了信号加窗引起的信噪比损失以及AD转换产生的量化误差,阐述了过采样技术提高信噪比的原理。在此基础上,提出了基于高倍过采样和加窗插值快速傅里叶变换(fast Fourier transform, FFT)的谐波分析方法。该方法充分利用AD转换器的潜力,以尽量高的采样速率进行AD采样,同时通过均值滤波避免高倍过采样引起的采样数据量激增问题。详细研究了所提谐波分析方法对信号中谐波分量幅值和相位的影响,并给出了简洁实用的谐波幅值和相位校正方法。仿真表明,所提方法可在不增加系统成本的前提下改善加窗插值FFT的抗噪声能力,提高谐波分析精度。

改进蚁群算法的送餐机器人路径规划

蚁群算法拥有良好的全局性、自组织性、鲁棒性,但传统蚁群算法存在许多不足之处。为此,针对算法在路径规划问题中的缺陷,在传统蚁群算法的状态转移公式中,引入目标点距离因素和引导素,加快算法收敛性和改善局部最优缺陷。在带时间窗的车辆路径问题(vehicle routing problem with time windows,VRPTW)上,融合蚁群算法和遗传算法,并将顾客时间窗宽度以及机器人等待时间加入蚁群算法状态转移公式中,以及将蚁群算法的解作为遗传算法的初始种群,提高遗传算法的初始解质量,然后进行编码,设置违反时间窗约束和载重量的惩罚函数和适应度函数,在传统遗传算法的交叉、变异操作后加入了破坏-修复基因的操作来优化每一代新解的质量,在Solomon Benchmark算例上进行仿真,对比算法改进前后的最优解,验证算法可行性。最后在餐厅送餐问题中把带有障碍物的仿真环境路径规划问题和VRPTW问题结合,使用改进后的算法解决餐厅环境下送餐机器人对顾客服务配送问题。

基于自适应短时傅里叶变换的品质因子Q值估算方法

品质因子Q是描述地下介质对地震波吸收衰减强弱程度的参数,同时也是地层含油气性的重要标志。在地震资料Q估算中,常用的方法是短时傅里叶变换方法,当窗函数被选定以后,其时频分辨率就固定了。针对该问题,提出一种自适应窗短时傅里叶变换的方法,以获得更准确的瞬时中心频率,并利用峰值频移法来估算品质因子Q。首先,利用固定窗长的短时傅里叶变换来提取信号的瞬时中心频率作为初始频率;然后,根据初始频率自适应计算不同频率的窗长,并利用自适应窗长短时傅里叶变换来求取瞬时中心频率;最后,结合峰值频移法得到高分辨率的品质因子Q值。利用合成数据和实际数据进行了测试,结果表明,相比于固定时窗短时傅里叶变换方法,自适应短时傅里叶变换方法具有更好的时间和频率分辨率,可以获得更高分辨率的品质因子Q值。该结果可以为地下介质的研究提供更准确、可靠的工具,有助于更好地了解地下结构和油气资源分布情况。

哈密瓜物流堆码运输包装件共振传递特性研究

为优化设计缓冲包装件,以及减缓运输过程中由共振引起的哈密瓜贮藏品质下降,采用哈密瓜及其包装瓦楞纸箱作为研究对象,设置5层堆码高度,进行模拟运输变频振动试验,结合频谱分析加汉宁窗函数测定各堆码包装件的固有频率,随后进行模拟运输定频振动试验。结果表明,加汉宁窗函数有效提高了频谱分析精度,获得5层包装件的固有频率分别为9.88,54.75,10.06,10.31,10.42 Hz;10 Hz定频振动下,5层包装件的峰值加速度分别为5.99,3.18,6.37,6.56,6.81 g,振动传递率分别为53.61%,28.52%,57.07%,58.76%,61.02%;54.75 Hz定频振动下,5层包装件的峰值加速度分别为1.29,6.34,0.99,0.87,0.23 g,振动传递率分别为8.38%,45.04%,6.47%,6.04%,0.75%。研究为其他包装件寻求更精确的共振频率,从而为运输过程中有效避开共振频率,达到内装果品减损目的提供参考。

复杂环境下DWA与RRT算法融合的AUV局部路径规划

针对复杂水下环境下的自主水下航行器(autonomous underwater vehicle,AUV)局部路径规划问题,传统动态窗口法(dynamic window approach,DWA)存在复杂障碍物中陷入局部停滞,动态避障性能不佳等问题,本文提出了一种基于DWA与快速随机搜索树(rapid-exploration random tree,RRT)算法融合的路径规划算法。改进的DWA算法速度空间根据整个动态窗口的周期生成,重设了评价函数并结合AUV任务环境引入洋流能耗评价函数;改进的RRT算法在局部已知空间内规划导引点,帮助DWA脱离局部停滞状态并实现更安全的动态避障。将2种算法融合,实现了AUV在复杂水下环境中的局部路径规划。仿真表明,该融合算法能够降低AUV在洋流中的能耗代价,解决了DWA在复杂障碍物中陷入局部停滞的问题,能够安全有效地躲避动态避障物。

标准化小骨窗开颅术在高血压脑出血治疗中的应用价值

目的:分析对高血压脑出血患者采取标准化小骨窗开颅术的应用价值。方法:选取成都市第三人民医院2022年1月—2023年9月接诊的高血压脑出血患者80例作为观察对象,通过随机抽签法分两组。对照组(n=40)采取大骨瓣开颅术治疗,观察组(n=40)采取标准化小骨窗开颅术治疗,评价两组患者的手术指标及术后并发症发生率、神经功能。结果:观察组患者的出血量比对照组少、手术时间比对照组短、切口直径比对照组小,术后并发症率低于对照组,神经功能比对照组好转,对比有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:高血压脑出血患者通过采取标准化小骨窗开颅术可缩减患者出血量及手术时间,减轻对患者的损伤,改善患者神经功能,该治疗措施具有临床应用价值。

基于改进DWA的四轮差速移动底盘模型算法研究

针对四轮差速移动底盘在路径规划中遇到的局部最优问题以及目标不可达到的问题,提出了一种改进的动态窗口法(dynamic window approach,DWA)。在传统DWA算法的基础上对评价函数进行了改进,针对局部最优问题,引入预碰撞评价函数,能够使移动底盘在移动过程中提前避开位于移动底盘和目标点之间的障碍物以及凹型障碍物;针对目标不可达问题,改进航向评价函数的权重系数,将航向角评价函数权重系数设为随移动底盘与目标距离减小而增大的权重函数,能够有效解决目标不可达问题。改进后的DWA算法可通过新的评价函数规划出更为合理高效的移动路径。通过对改进DWA算法进行MATLAB仿真实验验证表明,改进后的DWA算法具有良好的效果,保证了四轮差速移动底盘良好的避障性能。

基于三相动态谐波分析的电能表误差检测方法

在检测电能表误差时,原始信号中谐波的干扰会导致检测结果与实际情况存在较大偏差。为此,提出基于三相动态谐波分析的电能表误差检测方法。在谐波分析阶段,考虑到谐波的动态属性会导致三相信号的采样执行效果难以达到同步,构建了余弦组合窗——旁瓣最低与最速下降窗,利用其对电能表离散信号进行截取,以此避免信号能量向临近谱线泄漏,再利用离散傅里叶变换对信号进行处理,实现对谐波的提取。在误差检测阶段,以离散随机信号的概率密度函数为导向,采用最优直方图曲线拟合法对其加以分析,并结合标准情况下电能表信号的分布状态,实现对误差的计算。在测试结果中,电能表误差检测结果的偏差始终稳定在3.0%以内。

改进YOLOv5s的室内喷涂机器人的窗户检测算法

室内窗户检测对喷涂机器人实现自动化喷涂作业有着重要意义。现有的窗户检测模型受光照环境影响较大,且无法识别局部窗户图像,参数量多、计算量大,难以部署在算力有限的喷涂机器人上。针对以上问题,本文提出一种改进YOLOv5s网络的轻量级室内窗户检测算法,在YOLOv5s网络的基础上引入PP-LCNet和GhostNetv2两个轻量级网络,降低模型的参数量和计算量,提升模型的实时检测速度;再将基于Transformer编码的C3TR模块添加到主干网络,增强模型的特征提取能力,并使用SIoU损失函数加快网络的收敛速度,保留有利特征。实验结果表明,本文改进的算法相较于原算法参数量降低了77.7%,权重文件减小了75.7%,检测速度提高了77.8%,平均精度均值提升了2.9%。

Windows CE.NET环境下的流接口驱动程序开发

针对在WindowsCE.NET环境下进行驱动程序设计的难点及其设计时的具体特点和要求,主要介绍了基于WindowsCE的两种驱动模型,即本机驱动程序和流接口驱动程序,并重点对流接口驱动程序开发方法的4个方面进行了较为详细的探讨和描述。进而,以串行接口为例,给出了具体的开发过程和部分源代码,以便于在此基础上举一反三、有效地进行其他多种类型接口程序的开发及更为深入的研究。

Windows NT环境下的进程检查点设置与回卷恢复

阐述了 Windows NT环境下应用程序的检查点设置与回卷恢复机制 ,并介绍了设计和实现的检查点设置与恢复工具 Win NTCkpt.Win NTCkpt采用标准 Windows API函数 ,通过代码动态注入和对系统调用进行包裹的方法进行检查点设置与回卷恢复 .与同类工具相比 ,Win NTCkpt具有不需修改应用程序源代码 ,不需对应用程序进行重新编译或连接 ,支持对用户文件内容的检查点设置与回卷恢复的特点 .Win NTCkpt是正在研制开发的高可用性机群计算环境的核心 ,也是在机群环境下实现进程迁移和负载平衡的技术基础 .

MS Windows兼容的系统芯片硬件核心的分析与实践

研究了开发MS Windows兼容的系统芯片硬件核心的方法。该方法在确保MS Windows兼容的前提下,通过多次模拟运行、逐步抽取的方式获得硬件核心基本系统功能规范。实验表明,相对于完整系统,该硬件核心的复杂度大幅度降低,同时表明不同MS Windows版本所需硬件核心有明显差别。此外,还在FPGA原型上验证了支持MSWindows 98的系统芯片硬件核心。

Windows环境下的逻辑调色板及其应用

全面剖析了Windows操作系统处理色彩的关键”部件”－逻辑调色板的结构，简要说明了Windows操作系统提供的逻辑调包权操纵函数，详细论述了Windows应用程序创建和使用逻辑调色板，进而处理高质量图形图象的操作过程。