A system-integrated approach for the design of tourist areas at the local level under changing conditions:A case study in the Altay Mountains

The existing approaches for the design of tourist areas often lead to limited flexibility in project implementation.To realize a more flexible approach,in this study,we formulated a model for planning and designing tourist areas at the local level.Moreover,specific tools for analyzing tourist areas and ensuring sustainable development under changing conditions were developed.This study was conducted in two tourist regions,Biryuzovaya Katun tourist complex and Belokurikha destination(including Belokurikha City with Belokurikha 2 Gornaya tourist complex and surrounding areas),in the Altay Mountains.We employed the recreation opportunity spectrum and proposed a system-integrated programming approach for the design of tourist areas at the destination and site levels.The key of this approach was the collection and analysis of current spatial data,including the spatial distribution of attractions and visitor flows.We constructed heat maps using video recording and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)observation data.Moreover,we analyzed the video stream using an image-analyzing framework You Only Look Once(YOLO)v5 software.The heat map of visitor flows based on video recording data in the Andreevskaya Sloboda museum of Belokurikha 2 Gornaya tourist complex allowed us to highlight the most attractive sites in this area and classify them into one of three types:points of functional concentration,points of transitional concentration,and points of attractions.The heat maps in Biryuzovaya Katun tourist complex,created using UAV observation data,allowed us to determine the spatiotemporal patterns of visitor flows and tourists’preferences throughout the day within four time intervals:09:00-12:00,13:00-14:00,14:00-15:00,and 16:00-18:00(LST).The maximum visitor flow density occurred from 16:00 to 18:00 in the beach area of the artificial lake.A comparison between the visitor-concentrated sites and the current facilities provided insights into the demand for attractions and facilities and the lacking areas.Heat maps are useful in analyzing the land use at the site level,while zoning based on the recreation opportunity spectrum can be used to design tourist areas at the destination level.The proposed methods for analyzing the use of tourist areas contribute to the development of adaptive tourism design.

Behavior Analysis of Self-Driving Tourists Based on Content Analysis of Network Travel Notes: A Case Study of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Self-diiviiig tour is one of the most important wajrs for people to travel, and network travel notes actually reflect the traveling information of self-driving tourists. In this paper, witii the network travel notes of self-driving tourists as the tesearch object^ methods such as text analysis and visualization were adopted to study behavior patterns of self-driving tourists, tourism experience, time-space migration, and distribution of tourism resources in Inner Mongolia, fi：om the multiple dimensions of mobile drivers, perceived, dimensions, and spatial migration. The results showed tiiat ①self-cidviiig tourists had a variety of motivations for traveling, in which love for nature dominated; ②self-driving tour destinations were mainly Hulunbuir, Ordos, and Alxa League; ③spatial migration was characterized by obvious seasonal fluctuations. The fesearch on the behavior of self-driving tourists in Inner Mongolia is an important part of the study of the connection between tourism resources and market connection in Inner Mongolia, and is of significance for guiding the theory, practice and poliqr foimuktion of self-doving tours in Inner Mongolia.

Roles and Functions of Tourism Destinations in Tourism Region of South Anhui:A Tourist Flow Network Perspective

Theoretic and practical significance has been highlighted in the research of the roles and functions of destinations,as destinations are restricted by the spatial structure based on tourist flow network from the perspective of relationship.This article conducted an empirical analysis for Tourism Region of South Anhui(TRSA) and revealed the necessity and feasibility of studying the roles and functions of destinations from tourist flow network's perspective.The automorphic equivalence analysis and centrality analysis were used to classify 16 destinations in TRSA into six role types:tourist flow distribution center,hub of tourist flows,passageway destination,common touring destination,attached touring destination,and nearly isolated destination.Some suggestions were given on suitable infrastructure construction and destinations service designs according to their functions in network.This destination role positioning was based on tourist flow network structure in integral and macroscopic way.It provided an important reference for the balanced and harmonious development of all the destinations of TRSA.In addition,this article verified the applicability of social network analysis on tourist flow research in local scale,and expanded this method to destination role and function positioning.

Valuation of debris flow mitigation measures in tourist towns:a case study on Hongchun gully in southwest China

The estimation of the value on the engineering project in tourist towns is usually very challenging and controversial. In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the economic value of the debris flow control engineering in tourist towns by integrating both welfare and disaster economics. The total value of debris flow prevention and control engineering in tourist towns(VDFE) includes investment cost(IC), disaster mitigation benefit(DMB), and loss of brand value(LBV). Here DMB is assessed by the cost-benefit method. The LBV is estimated by incorporating brand equity and costbenefit methods. The engineering for debris flow control in the Hongchun Gully of southwest China was built to protect Yingxiu tourist town and was assessed as an example. The IC for the engineering is180 million RMB, however, the VDFE reaches as high as 3401 million RMB, of which the LBV is 169 million RMB, and the input-output ratio is 1:18. Thus, the LBV cannot be neglected in case of VDFE estimation process. The more developed the tourism in one town or city is, the greater the LBV and the higher the VDFE are.

A study on the spatial flow intensity of overseas travelers in tourist hotspots of China──taking Beijing as an example

Through practical sampling survey for the overseas travelers in the 12 tourist hotspot cities of China, the analytical results of database of the spatial changes for overseas travelers have been established with the help of the software Visual FoxPro. The New concepts such as transferring state, which can be used to study the spatial flow intensity of travelers. is first put forward By analyzing the statistical results, the spatial flow intensity of 12 tourist hotspot cities in China for overseas travelers has been probed At last, a practical research of spatial flow intensity for overseas tourists is carried out in Beijing──the of tourist hotspots of China

The Effect of Self-Driving Car on Urban Traffic

Based on the idea of infinitesimal analysis, we establish the basic model of relation between speed and flow. Since putting a certain amount of self-driving car will affect the average speed of mixed traffic flow, we choose the proportion of self-driving car to be a variable, denoted by k. Based on the least square method, we find two critical values of k that are 38.63% and 68.26%. When k 38.63%, the self-driving cars have a negative influence to the traffic. When 38.63% < k < 68.26%, they have a positive influence to the traffic. When k > 68.26%, they have significant improvement to the traffic capacity of the road.

Correlation analysis of climate comfort degree of tourism and annual variation of tourist flow in Tai’an, Shandong province

The tourism climate comfort degree can directly affect the trip of tourists,and can determine the length of the tourist season and the development of the tourist projects.In order to explore the relationship between the climate comfort degree and the annual variation of tourist flow combined with 1981-2010 climate related data,this paper analyzes the comfort degree of tourism climate in Tai’an,the annual change divide tourist season into high season,shoulder season and off-season.With regression analysis,the correlation between tourism climate comfort degree and annual variation of passenger flow is analyzed.The final result is as follows:As for Tai’an,in May and September the rank of humiditytemperature index(THI)is A,with the most pleasant climate,the most suitable for tourism activities.In April,August and October the rank of THI is B or b,represented as suitable climate,suitable for tourism activities.In June and July,the climate is hot,with a low tourism suitability grade,In February,March and November,the climate is cold,with a poor tourism suitability grade.In January and December the climate is frigid,not suitable for tourism activities.The final conclusion is below:the tourist traffic variation within the year is mainly affected by climate comfort effect.The elastic coefficient is 0.927%.In addition,the tourist traffic variation within the year is also affected by the summer vacation,the Golden Week and the impact of preferential policies.All the above provide a scientific basis for the prediction of Tai’an’s tourist flow in a year,the development of tourism and tourist scenic management.

旅游虚拟社区用户心流体验对价值共创的影响研究

旅游虚拟社区是用户实现分享旅游经历、获取旅游资讯和寻找出游同伴等功能的重要平台,也是企业实现精准营销的重要手段。企业和用户在虚拟社区共同投入、共同产出价值的过程称为价值共创。心流体验作为完全投入和集中注意力的积极心理状态,会影响用户与企业的契合程度,进而影响企业与用户之间的价值共创。文章通过对旅游虚拟社区用户数据进行采集与实证分析,揭示了用户心流体验对价值共创的影响机制。结果表明:内部动机和外部动机对用户产生的积极心理状态有显著正向影响;用户的积极心理状态及其与企业的契合程度对价值共创均有积极影响,且顾客与企业的契合程度在心流体验和价值共创过程中起部分中介作用。据此,文章提出了旅游虚拟社区企业可以通过提升用户参与动机,激发用户积极心理状态,强化顾客与企业之间密切关系,推动价值共创持续发展,实现引流交易和精准营销等管理启示。

“流空间-场所空间”视角下长征国家文化公园区域文化景观体系构建

【目的】构建区域文化景观体系,并探讨旅游流空间与场所空间的相互作用关系,以指导长征国家文化公园区域主题展示区的空间组织模式优化。【方法】通过“流空间-场所空间”视角,提出区域文化景观体系的空间结构要素,并运用社会网络分析识别区域旅游流网络结构特征。【结果】旅游流空间为场所空间提供感知需求,而场所空间为旅游流提供行为目标,这种相互作用关系体现了区域文化景观体系的空间结构的功能与价值两大特征;可通过“流—网—链—域—场—点”6个空间结构要素构建区域文化景观体系,并应用“斑块—廊道—节点”模式划定区域主题展示区;长征国家文化公园延安段可划分出6个主题展示区,其中甘泉县包含1个重点展示园、1条集中展示带和2个特色展示点。【结论】在“流空间-场所空间”视角下,区域文化景观体系构建要进一步挖掘区域性特征,而区域主题展示区的空间组织模式应综合考虑供需两侧的现实需求。这些发现为区域文化景观空间功能的研究提供了理论视角与体系结构,可对长征国家文化公园的具体建设提供直接支持。

遗产地旅游者Flow体验影响因素模型构建与机理——以斯里兰卡为例

基于积极心理学领域Flow体验理论,以斯里兰卡8处世界遗产地为例,借助扎根理论质性研究方法对访谈文本资料进行3级编码分析,抽离出"旅游者技能与遗产地挑战之间的平衡"这一核心范畴,围绕这一"平衡"主脉络,依托主范畴映射下的"技能""挑战"介质,构建出旅游者遗产地Flow体验影响因素模型。结论显示:旅游者心理活动特征、社会属性与准备构成主体"技能"要素,而遗产地整体环境、资源及开发状况构成客体"挑战"要素,主客要素的适度平衡与互融折射出如何获取遗产地最佳的体验质量与意义。最后,研究基于现象学角度的视角,从过程、机理解读了遗产地旅游者"自我"溯源转化为终极幸福情感体验的程式,"以主映客",希冀为遗产地旅游的可持续发展提供借鉴。

城市旅游景区游客流动时空动态与溢出效应以贵阳市为例

溢出效应是认知旅游景区空间关系的重要内容,但已有研究对旅游景区溢出效应的异质性探讨稍显不足。文章以贵阳市旅游景区为研究对象,借助经验模态分解、马尔科夫链和空间计量模型等研究方法,在分析游客流动时空动态特征的基础上,探讨旅游景区的溢出效应及其异质性。结果表明:(1)时间维度上,游客流量呈现较为明显的高频周期性震荡特征,流量峰值集中在7月至9月,与9个月的波动周期大致吻合,避暑旅游的季节性特征较为明显;(2)空间维度上,旅游景区间游客流动呈现较为明显的空间锁定与依赖效应,流动网络表现出典型的“小世界网络”特征;(3)旅游景区之间呈现显著的溢出效应,溢出效应的异质性也较为明显,其溢出方向和强度与景区等级、地理区位等关系密切,呈现邻近溢出、等级溢出和区位溢出3种旅游景区溢出模式。

喀斯特旅游地虚拟旅游体验对实地旅游意愿的影响-以武隆喀斯特旅游区为例

文章以重庆市武隆喀斯特旅游区为例,采用游客问卷调查数据和结构方程模型,分析游客在喀斯特旅游区虚拟旅游体验后产生的心流体验以及对实地旅游意愿的影响。结果表明:喀斯特旅游地虚拟旅游体验对游客的注意力集中度、远程呈现、时间感的变化和实地旅游意愿均产生显著正向影响,注意力集中度发挥部分中介作用。建议武隆喀斯特旅游区加强以下建设:优化虚拟应用技术,营造更真实的虚拟旅游体验情境;提供全面优质的旅游信息,减少游客信息收集成本;扩大虚拟旅游宣传,赢得更多潜在游客。

基于网络游记的桂林旅游流网络结构研究

旅游流网络结构可以反映游客在旅游目的地的移动特征,关系到区域旅游协同发展。为了识别旅游流的网络结构特征,运用空间分析、社会网络分析等方法,基于网络游记对桂林旅游流进行探讨。研究表明:游客在桂林主要旅行景点呈“大分散,小聚集”的空间分布格局,桂林整体旅游流网络密度较低,存在典型的核心-边缘特征,核心区景点对边缘区景点影响有限,凝聚子群在桂林中心城区和阳朔县呈现集聚态势。漓江景区、龙脊梯田、象鼻山景区、两江四湖、兴坪古镇、西街、相公山7个景点在节点中心性和结构洞分析中优势明显,综合实力强,在旅游流网络中处于重要地位。

基于微博签到的云南旅游客流时空分布

基于新浪微博签到数据,应用时间分层法和核密度空间分析法,对云南旅游客流热点区域进行时空分布研究。研究结果表明,在时间分布上,云南省旅游景点年内客流呈现“一峰多岭”的分布特征,在不同时段表现出明显的“反季节性”、“相似性”、“对称性”变化特征;季节客流则呈现出秋季>夏季>春季>冬季的变化趋势,其中7月和10月为旅游高峰月份;日内客流变化的最高峰和最低谷均出现在夜间时段。空间分布上,云南省旅游景点客流量总体上呈现出“多核多中心”,向高级旅游景区集聚的特征。

景区间旅游客流网络形成的内-外生机制分析--基于加权指数随机图模型

景区间旅游客流网络的形成机制是旅游流网络研究的重要问题。已有研究主要识别了旅游客流网络形成的外生机制,而对网络内生机制缺乏研究,文章旨在更全面地揭示景区间旅游客流网络形成的内-外生机制。文章选择四川省为案例地,基于旅游社交平台的游记数据构建了景区间旅游客流的有向加权网络,通过引入加权指数随机图模型,定量模拟并识别了影响该网络形成的内-外生机制。1)四川省景区间旅游客流网络为稀疏网络、无标度网络,但不具备小世界特性;核心的景区节点和网络连边大多集中在成都市。2)该网络的形成是内-外生机制协同作用的结果,内生机制表现为网络内生结构效应,外生机制包括景区属性效应和外部情境效应。3)作为内生机制的互惠机制和择优链接机制促进了该网络中联系的形成;外生机制方面,在线评论分数、景区等级同质性、景区类型同质性、地理邻近性、组织邻近性均会显著影响该网络中联系的形成。

深度神经网络模型在景区人群流量预测中的应用

随着旅游业的发展,对景区人群流量的精准预测已成为提高游客体验和优化景区运营的关键。传统方法在应对复杂多变的实际情况时显得力不从心,深度神经网络(Deep Neural Networks,DNN)凭借其强大的数据处理能力和模式识别能力,提供了一种有效的解决方案。本文探讨了DNN模型在景区人群流量预测中的应用,通过构建和优化预测模型,旨在提高预测精度,为景区管理者提供决策支持。

Monitoring System of tourist traffic(MSTT) for tourists monitoring in mid-mountain national park,SW Poland

National parks are highly valuable natural areas and have the potential to attract a large number of visitors.The number of visitors at national parks is systematically increasing,often exceeding Tourism Carrying Capacity(TCC)of trails.This situation requires adjusting the number of park visitors to adapt to sustainable management systems of visitor flow,thus preventing or counteracting overtourism.The aim of the study is to propose a comprehensive method for tourists monitoring in mid-mountain national park presented on the example of the Sto?owe Mountains National Park(SMNP)in Poland,called as Monitoring System of tourist traffic(MSTT).The study describes six stages procedure of tourists Monitoring System creation and application as an optimal measurement technique.The MSTT enabled a multidimensional analysis of tourist traffic in SMNP.With the help of 39 pyroelectric sensors and surveys data spatio-temporal characteristic of visitor flow was obtained.The data generated in MSTT included hourly,daily,weekly,monthly,and annual reports,taking into account the direction of traffic measuring both directions:entries(IN),exits(OUT)and passages(IN+OUT).The results from pyroelectric sensors were supplemented with field surveys,where visitor’s motivations,preferences,and behaviours were determined.In 2017 a total of 871,344 visitors were recorded in SMNP what causes one of the most popular national parks in Poland.The SMNP is a suitable destination for short breaks leisure visits in wilderness.In order to sustain MSTT methodology in the long-run the set of guidelines together with the workload estimates were presented.In the future,the MSTT can be further developed,including monitoring of climbing,cycling,cross-country skiing,car traffic and illegal tourism assessment.The MSTT can be considered as a useful tool for tourism management in mid-mountain national parks throughout the entire calendar year.

基于MSPA和旅游流的风景道构建研究——以湖南省为例

本研究选取重视风景道建设的湖南省为案例地,利用形态空间格局分析(MSPA)和最小累积阻力模型(MCR)建立生态廊道,运用社会网络分析对湖南省自驾旅游流进行点状、线性和网络结构解析,最后将两者结合以此来构建省域尺度的风景道。结果表明:(1)湖南省景观构成以林地和耕地为主,大尺度生境斑块连通性较好,生境破碎度较小。(2)生态源地分布较为分散,综合阻力值分布较为集中,生态廊道共820条,总长度为35666 km,总体上呈现出封闭型的网状结构。(3)到访频次高和热点景区主要分布在长沙、张家界和湘西州等州市,长沙与张家界之间的景区联系强度比其他景区之间的联系更为紧密。(4)根据中介中心性在100和0之间出现的明显断裂,将其分为三级旅游节点,最终构建出的湖南风景道为一条主线“湖湘大环线”、两条副线“神秘湘西线和世界遗产线”与5条支线“侗苗风情线、南岭风景线、人文始祖线、锦绣潇湘线和神韵雪峰线”。

沪昆高铁沿线城市旅游流网络结构空间分布特征研究

该文基于网络游记中沪昆高铁沿线25个城市旅游线路数据构建旅游流网络,采用社会网络分析法对比分析高铁开通前后旅游流网络结构特征。研究结果表明:沪昆高铁沿线旅游流网络具有明显的层级性和规模—位序特征;各凝聚子群内部联系不紧密,但部分子群间联系较紧密;旅游流网络核心—边缘特征显著,核心区对边缘区产生一定的“涓滴效应”;上海、杭州、长沙、南昌、昆明等城市具有明显的结构洞优势。对比高铁开通前后各项指标发现,高铁开通后各城市间旅游互动有所提升,多数省会城市在旅游流网络中的优势地位增强,但旅游流网络空间分布不均的状况没有得到改善。研究结果对于探究沪昆高铁沿线城市旅游流网络空间结构以及深入了解高铁沿线旅游流空间结构特征和优化城市旅游空间布局具有指导意义。

大数据应用视角下旅游流国际研究的进展与展望

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