Suitability and Construction of Self-Insulation Walls in the Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone of Southern Shaanxi

In this paper, the suitability and construction technology of self-insulation walls were studied under the specific climatic conditions and regional resources of Hanzhong and Ankang in the hot summer and cold winter zone of Southern Shaanxi. Through the calculation of heat transfer coefficient and thermal inertia index, combined with the specifications of the shale hollow brick and aerated concrete block of Hanzhong and Ankang in southern Shaanxi, the thermal performance and suitable thickness of the external wall using self-insulation materials that meet the Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings(DBJ61-65-2011) in Shaanxi Province were obtained. The results showed that the self-insulation wall had technical suitability in the hot summer and cold winter zone. The research results provide not only a theoretical basis for the external wall insulation design of urban residential buildings in the hot summer and cold winter zone of southern Shaanxi, but also a reference for designers to carry out energy-saving design of external walls of residential buildings in other similar climate zones.

The Theoretically Studies and Field Testing of Self-Insulation Exterior Wall in the Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone

The energy efficiency design of the exterior wall in the buildings of the hot summer and cold winter zone of China should consider the heat prevention in summer and the heat insulation in winter. The self-insulation of the exterior?wall is a more feasible design to satisfy the energy efficiency of buildings in the?zone. However, the systematic research is urgently needed for the self-insulation of the exterior wall in the hot summer and cold winter zone of China. The paper tested the thermal performance of the common non-clay materials such as shale sintered hollow brick, sand autoclaved aerated concrete block, etc. by means of indoor experiments. The energy efficiency effect of the common materials was verified using dynamic calculation soft PKPM and several constitutions of exterior wall with different main bricks and insulation materials on the heat bridge were simulated, too. Besides, the tests of the thermal performance of exterior wall in real constructions were carried out to testify the practical effect of the recommended constitutions of exterior wall with different main bricks and insulation materials on the heat bridge. The conclusions are: the physical and thermal properties of the six non-clay wall material are better than the clay porous brick;the thermal performance of the non-clay brick can be improved obviously through the rational arrangement of the holes;shale sintered hollow brick after increasing the holes and rationalizing the hole arrangement and sand autoclaved aerated concrete block are recommended for buildings in the hot summer and cold winter area of China. The dynamic calculation results show that the thermal performances?of the non-clay materials are all satisfied with the energy efficiency;The heat transfer coefficient of the exterior wall with composition?③,?in which?the main wall was sand autoclaved aerated concrete block and the material on the heat bridge was sand autoclaved aerated concrete plate, is the smallest among the three recommended compositions.

Call Center呼叫数据在WallBoard上实时特显的LAN替代方案

文章通过对 DEFINITY ECS流向 BCMS Vu的数据分析 ,提出一种基于 L AN的替代方案 ,解决 Call Cen-ter系统中客户的等待信息的分类显示及显示质量、显示效果等问题 ,提高各代理的工作效率 。

Cool storage time of phase change wallboard room in summer

More and more attention was paid to phase change energy storage in air conditioning domain and construction energy conservation,and became the focus of the international research. Through the test and analysis of the parameters of the indoor thermal property in phase change wallboard room and ordinary room,the effects of using phase change wallboards on indoor temperature in summer and air conditioning are obtained. The combination of construct enclosure and phase change materials can stabilize indoor temperature,improve indoor thermal comfort,reduce the frequency of the operation of air conditioning facility,cut the initial investment and operation expense,and meanwhile play an practical role in "the power balancing between the peak period and the valley period" policy. Through the experiment and the test of the effects exerted by phase change wallboard room and ordinary room on the indoor thermal environment,it is obtained that the phase change wallboard can reduce the fluctuation range of indoor temperature and the heat flow from the outside into indoor environment in summer. According to the study,it is found that the effect of cool-storing for 5 h is obvious. Through the analysis of the phase change wallboard without air conditioning in daytime,it is obtained that the frequency of the operation of air conditioning in phase change wallboard room is smaller than that in the ordinary room,which can prolong the lifetime of the facility and reduce operation expense.

BIM-based construction technologies for precast foamed lightweight concrete wallboards

To promote the visualisation and informatisation of the construction process of precast foamed lightweight concrete wallboards(PFLCWs),from the analysis of the construction requirements of PFLCWs,three key construction technologies based on building information modelling(BIM),namely,parameterised modelling for the PFLCW layout design,drawing generation to draw the PFLCW layout and quantity statistics for extracting PFLCW quantities,are proposed.Then,a reinforced concrete(RC)frame infilled with PFLCW is considered the test model to verify the feasibility of the aforementioned technologies.The results show that PFLCW layout design can be accomplished rapidly and visually using parameterised modelling technology.The PFLCW layout diagram can be generated directly using drawing generation technology.The proposed quantity statistics technology enables the automatic export of PFLCW bills of quantities.The built parameterised model helps construction workers rapidly and intuitively understand the specific layout details of PFLCWs.Moreover,the generated layout drawing and the bills of quantities based on the parameterised model can guide the production and on-site installation of PFLCWs.The research conclusions can serve as a practical guide and technical support for PFLCW engineering applications.

Thermal properties in phase change wallboard room based on air conditioning cold storage

By comparing the thermal performance parameters of an ordinary wall room with a phase change wall (PCW) room,the effect of phase change wallboard on the fluctuation of temperature in air-conditioning room in summer was studied. And PCW room and an ordinary wall room,which are cooled by air-conditioner,were built up. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to test the temperature field and heat flow fluctuation in these rooms. Through analyzing the data tested,it is found that the mean temperature of PCW is lower than that of ordinary wall room by 1-2 ℃,and PCW can lower the heat flow by 4.6 W/m2. Combining phase change material to building envelope can lower the indoor temperature,make the room thermal comfortable,and cut down the turn-on-and-off frequency of air-conditioner,the primary investment and operating costs. It alleviates urgent need of the electric power. Building envelope which contains phase change wallboard can improve the indoor thermal environment,and decrease energy consumption in buildings. Phase change wallboard can make impressive effect on energy efficiency of buildings.

Evaluation of Thermal Effect of PCM Wallboards by Coupling Simplified Phase Change Model with Design Tool

A simplified PCM wallboard model is coupled to an existing design-oriented model of multi-zone buildings. Using a reference model and a basic simulation configuration, the accuracy of the resulting PCM wallboard-building thermal design tool is evaluated. A new performance indicator, called PCM utilization factor, is then proposed in order to estimate the thermal efficiency of using PCM wallboards in buildings. Using this PCM Utilization factor and a degrees-hours indicator, the ability of the PCM wallboard-building thermal design tool to evaluate the effect of PCM wallboards on heating loads and summer thermal comfort in the early design phase of a project is examined in two real case studies: a family house project and an existing office building. The user-friendliness of this design tool, and the short calculation times it leads to when performing a year-long simulation using a standard office computer, make it a well-adapted tool for sensibility studies or multi-criterion optimization for buildings that contain PCM wallboards.

L型隔板弧形双钢板组合墙板抗爆性能试验与数值研究

弧形双钢板混凝土组合墙板结构具有和拱结构相同的传力机理,可以充分发挥混凝土优异的抗压性能,极大地提高了结构的承载力。该文开展了L型隔板弧形双钢板混凝土组合墙板(L-shaped-Curved Double Steel Concrete Composite Wallboard,L-CDSCW)在近场爆炸作用下的试验研究,通过混凝土的损伤分析和结构变形分析探究其抗爆性能。基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件进行了L-CDSCW试件爆炸响应的数值分析,参数化分析了不同关键参数对L-CDSCW试件抗爆性能的影响规律。结果表明:近场爆炸作用下,L-CDSCW试件未出现倒塌或崩塌现象,具有较强的抗爆性能;增加钢板厚度可以减小混凝土跨中凹陷深度和混凝土塑性破坏;增加TNT当量和降低爆距会显著增加底部钢板跨中最大挠度,同时也会增加混凝土跨中凹陷深度和混凝土损伤。研究结果可以为弧形双钢板混凝土组合板的应用提供一定的技术参考。

夹芯镀锌钢板复合墙板对木结构建筑外部火灾蔓延的延缓与阻断作用研究

目的提出一种新型夹芯镀锌钢板复合墙板,以延缓与阻断村镇木结构建筑的外部火灾蔓延。方法采用火灾环境模拟软件PyroSim建立西南地区穿斗式木结构建筑数值模型,从发生火灾后的室外温度和外部火灾蔓延时间的角度,对比分析复合墙板对外部火灾蔓延的延缓与阻断效果及其合理布设方式。结果综合考虑地形、地势以及大气环境等不确定因素的影响,建议西南地区穿斗式木结构建筑防火间距取值为6.0 m以上。对于封堵山墙通风洞口的木结构建筑而言,当前后立面方向的建筑间距为3.0 m时,复合墙板的布设能够将火灾蔓延至相邻建筑物的时间延长约60 s;当前后立面方向的建筑间距为4.0 m时,复合墙板的布设将有效阻断外部火灾蔓延。结论对于未封堵山墙通风洞口的木结构建筑物而言,应以合理设置防火间距作为控制外部火灾蔓延的手段。对于封堵山墙通风洞口的木结构建筑物而言,在前后立面外墙布设复合墙板,既能延缓外部火灾蔓延,又能有效降低成本。

轻钢龙骨复合墙板研究进展

装配式钢结构建筑具有抗震性能好、自重轻、施工速度快等优点,但因与其配套的围护外墙板较少,制约了装配式钢结构的发展。近年来结构轻便、保温性能好、抗震性能优良的轻钢龙骨复合墙板被逐渐应用到装配式钢结构建筑当中。对现有轻钢龙骨复合墙板进行了分类,总结了各类墙板的特点,并介绍了国内外针对墙板的抗弯性能、抗剪性能、抗震性能以及热工性能等方面的研究现状。在此基础上,分析了轻钢龙骨复合墙板存在的问题,提出了一种热工与防火性能好、自重轻、连接安全可靠、管线易于分离且可工业化生产的新型轻钢龙骨复合墙板。

装配式混凝土墙板新型键槽接缝受剪性能研究

为研究适用于低多层装配式混凝土(PC)墙板的新型键槽接缝界面的受剪性能,设计并制作2组共8个键槽式接缝连接的PC墙板试件,开展单向推剪加载试验和扩展参数数值分析,分别探讨轴压比、结合面砂浆强度及键槽构造形式等因素对键槽界面受剪性能的影响;提出新型键槽接缝界面的受剪承载力计算公式,并构建键槽接缝界面的剪力-滑移模型。研究结果表明:轴压比对接缝破坏形态和受剪承载力均具有显著影响,增大轴压比后,裂缝发展更为充分,局部混凝土出现剥落甚至压溃,接缝的受剪承载力与轴压比近似呈线性关系。提高结合面砂浆强度可较大幅度地提升接缝的受剪承载力,对比普通填充砂浆,采用高强砂浆连接试件的受剪承载力提高了57.2%。合理的键槽界面构造可有效提高接缝的受剪承载力,相较于传统的平直缝界面,深度为50 mm、倾斜倒角为11.3°的键槽界面的受剪承载力提升了16.5%。本文所提公式受剪承载力计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,所提模型能准确预测键槽界面的受剪行为。

陶粒混凝土外挂墙板受弯性能研究

本文设计了一种带窗洞口的全轻页岩陶粒混凝土外挂墙板,并通过静力试验和有限元模拟,研究其在均布荷载作用下的受弯性能。研究结果表明:外挂墙板平面外侧向位移未超过其跨度的1/200,其破坏形态以弯曲破坏为主,且未出现面外失稳破坏;外挂墙板开裂荷载、极限承载力有限元模拟值二者与试验值分别相差13%和5%,且模拟的裂缝发展情况与试验结果基本一致。

轻质混凝土组合墙板受弯性能试验与数值研究

为了研究轻质混凝土组合墙板的受弯性能,提出一种以免烧核壳轻集料混凝土为内叶板材料的组合墙板并进行了试验研究;采用数值模拟软件对试验结果进行了模拟验证,选取保温层厚度、桁架筋间距、钢筋网格边长以及桁架筋直径进行参数化分析,并使用改进后的等效截面惯性矩法对试验结果以及模拟结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:该组合墙板的开裂荷载为10.18 kN·m,为典型受弯破坏,可满足实际使用;以开裂荷载设计组合墙板时,保温层厚度作为主要控制参数,增大厚度使得截面中性轴偏移,有效截面高度增加,从而使开裂荷载得以提升;以极限荷载设计组合墙板时,增加保温层厚度、桁架腹筋数量、桁架筋直径以及减小钢筋网格大小均能提升组合墙板的极限承载力;通过理论公式计算的开裂荷载与试验值及模拟值均较为吻合,与试验值相对误差为10.69%,与模拟值最大相对误差为9.26%。

新型连接方式内嵌墙板钢框架拟静力试验研究

为了研究基于新型连接方式下内嵌墙板与钢框架结构的地震协同工作性能和破坏机理,对新型连接方式内嵌墙板钢框架、传统L形卡件连接内嵌墙板钢框架及纯钢框架等3种工况进行了拟静力试验,对比分析了3个试件的破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线和刚度退化曲线等抗震性能指标。结果表明:内嵌墙板能够提高钢框架的极限承载力、变形能力和刚度,传统L形卡件连接墙板钢框架的抗震承载力是纯框架抗震承载力的1.34倍,新型连接方式墙板钢框架的抗震承载力是传统节点框架抗震承载力的1.42倍。当加载位移为12 mm(层间位移角为1/133)时,采用传统连接的试件中间墙板破坏较为严重且已达到混凝土极限应变,而采用新型连接的试件中间墙板未发现明显损伤,仍处于工作状态。新型连接通过连接节点处的连接件滑动耗能,延缓墙板开裂时间,减轻墙板损伤,增加了内嵌墙板钢框架大震下的耗能储备。

泡沫混凝土-混凝土双层叠合墙板受弯性能研究

泡沫混凝土-混凝土双层叠合墙板具有轻质、保温隔热和强度高等优点,主要应用于建筑物的墙体结构。浇筑了3组12块桁架钢筋结构叠合板,考虑筋材直径和不同类型混凝土受荷面等因素进行抗弯性能试验研究。结果表明:随钢筋直径的增大,泡沫混凝土-混凝土双层叠合板的抗弯性能得到明显改善,但受荷面为混凝土层的叠合墙板抗弯能力较弱,裂缝出现稍早且加载后期挠度较大,设计时应以泡沫混凝土面为受力面并控制裂缝的开展。对叠合墙板极限弯矩计算值与实测值进行比较发现:实测弯矩值远高于理论计算值,现有的规范计算方法不适用于混凝土叠合墙板,但泡沫混凝土板基本能满足工程的需要,可作为轻型承重构件。

基于Hybrid-LCA模型的装配式夹芯保温墙板碳评价

为了量化不同构造的夹芯保温墙板的减排效果,选取6种典型保温构造,基于Hybrid-LCA法建立外墙全生命周期的碳评价模型。量化分析表明:夹芯保温体系的减排效果明显优于外保温体系。以建筑垃圾为保温芯材的夹芯保温墙板减排效果明显优于其他保温墙体。复合夹芯保温墙板减排效果较好,但保温性能下降。普通混凝土夹芯保温墙板物化阶段减排效果优于预制清水混凝土和轻骨料混凝土夹芯保温墙板,同时墙体厚度小的优势增加了住房使用面积,但增加了运营阶段碳排放;预制清水混凝土与轻骨料混凝土夹芯保温墙板物化阶段减排效果差异不大,但由于其保温性能的提升,可降低建筑物运营能耗。

金属保温外墙板整体安装技术研究

针对金属保温外墙板预制化生产和一体化安装的需要,以上海洋山国际中转集拼便利化基地项目为例,介绍了金属保温外墙板的安装技术。对金属保温外墙板的安装工艺、技术要点、质量控制等方面进行了详细分析和论述,并对金属保温外墙板在现代建筑施工中的应用价值和技术特点进行了探讨,以期为相关领域的研究和实践提供参考。

ALC墙板工程施工应用技术研究

ALC墙板具有轻质高强、隔声隔热等优点,被越来越广泛地用于装配式建筑中的外墙及内墙,但工程应用中仍存在施工操作不当等现象,导致质量问题频出。文章基于实际工程案例,总结了ALC墙板应用于外墙及内隔墙施工过程中工序操作要点、各关键节点构造设置及质量保障措施,旨在为同类项目ALC墙板施工应用提供一定的借鉴。

预制模块化高炉渣纤维保温外墙板传热分析

该研究旨在分析预制模块化高炉渣纤维保温外墙板的传热性能,评估其在建筑保温领域中的应用潜力。通过实验测试获取高炉渣纤维保温外墙板的物理性质和热导率,并进行传热分析。研究发现,预制模块化高炉渣纤维保温外墙板具有较低的热导率和良好的隔热性能。通过传热分析,观察到该外墙板可以有效地减少室内外温度差异,降低热能传递损失。此外,建筑内部的温度稳定性得到改善,达到良好的节能效果。基于传热分析的结果,预制模块化高炉渣纤维保温外墙板在建筑保温领域具备广阔的应用前景,有助于降低能源消耗,并提供舒适的室内环境。该研究为高炉渣纤维保温材料在建筑行业中的应用提供理论支持,为能源节约和减排作出贡献。

装配式人字撑复合墙板异形柱框架抗震性能研究

提出一种新型装配式人字撑复合墙板异形柱框架结构。为研究其抗震性能,对一榀1/2缩尺异形柱框架结构进行低周反复荷载试验,分析其破坏形态、滞回曲线、承载力、耗能能力、位移延性、刚度退化等指标,并通过ABAQUS有限元软件模拟后将模拟结果与试验结果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:装配式人字撑复合墙板异形柱框架结构呈现“泡沫混凝土-人字撑-叠合框架梁-组合异形框架柱”分级破坏顺序;复合墙板以剪切破坏为主;人字撑在水平往复位移荷载作用下,可与异形柱框架结构形成双重抗震体系,提高结构的抗震能力;有限元模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好,该有限元模拟方法适用于装配式人字撑复合墙板异形柱框架结构。