In Japan, 18.1% of the population known as baby-boomers will become the late-stage elderly in 2025, thereby needing a foundation to support this change. The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare is promoting...In Japan, 18.1% of the population known as baby-boomers will become the late-stage elderly in 2025, thereby needing a foundation to support this change. The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare is promoting the development of a regional comprehensive system allowing the elderly to continue living in their familiar surroundings. However, a care shortage is inevitable unless elders are able to age in good health, regardless of the system’s level of enhancement. This study aims to review the literature on active aging, clarify trends in clinical operations undertakings and research in Japan, and consider relevant research issues. After combining the search results of “active aging” and “healthy life expectancy,” we used a text mining technique to analyze the abstracts of 120 original articles and 213 reviews, commentaries, and features. Eight categories were extracted from the original articles: health statistics, gender, age, etc. From the reviews, commentaries, and features, 16 categories were extracted: orientation, disease, and living, etc. Cerebrovascular disease and osteoporosis were the most common diseases covered in the original articles;there has been a substantial amount of research on “active aging” and “healthy life expectancy” because they can easily lead to being bedridden and to a decrease in QOL. In the reviews, commentaries, and features, lifestyle-related diseases and menopause rather than cerebrovascular disease and osteoporosis, were extracted. The categorical differences found in the original articles may be due to the possibility that Japanese researchers are publishing their research abroad rather than in Japan or they submit research on topics that are guaranteed to be published at home or abroad. Little research has been conducted using the terms, “active aging” and “healthy life expectancy,” evidenced by the small number of studies generated. Preparations for 2025 will require an increase in the number of studies from the perspective of “active aging” and “healthy life expectancy.”展开更多
世界卫生组织6月4日公布了该组织对191个成员国居民健康寿命的预测和排名顺序。这次排名不同以往,采取了Disability Adjusted Life Expectancy的方法,本文将它简化为DALE,所谓DALE就是预测出的健康寿命已减去居民一生中可能罹患疾病的...世界卫生组织6月4日公布了该组织对191个成员国居民健康寿命的预测和排名顺序。这次排名不同以往,采取了Disability Adjusted Life Expectancy的方法,本文将它简化为DALE,所谓DALE就是预测出的健康寿命已减去居民一生中可能罹患疾病的时间。 日本居民平均健康生活的时间74.5年,位居第一。澳大利亚排名第二:73.2岁;法国第三:73.1岁;美国排名第二十四:68.4岁;中国排第81位:男61.2,女62.3。在发展中国家位居前列。俄罗斯第91位,印度第134位。 以上所列系一个国家的平均水平,但是,在一国之内,居民平均健康生活的时间并不平均。笔者在东方网上录下了以下数据:展开更多
目的:探究我国2010—2020年60岁及以上老年人口健康预期寿命的性别差异及时空分布特征,为促进健康预期寿命性别平等和地区均衡提供实证依据。方法:基于全国第六次和第七次人口普查数据,使用沙利文法计算我国60岁及以上老年人口健康预期...目的:探究我国2010—2020年60岁及以上老年人口健康预期寿命的性别差异及时空分布特征,为促进健康预期寿命性别平等和地区均衡提供实证依据。方法:基于全国第六次和第七次人口普查数据,使用沙利文法计算我国60岁及以上老年人口健康预期寿命并比较其性别差异及时期变动,采用空间自相关(Moran s I)分析健康预期寿命余寿占比的空间分布特点。结果:健康率随年龄增加而降低,男性老年人口健康率高于女性,性别差异主要集中在高龄段且随着时间缩小。女性的平均预期寿命和健康预期寿命均高于男性且提升幅度大于男性。健康预期寿命余寿占比,随时间扩大的基础上表现为男性高于女性,但性别差异呈缩小趋势;其空间分布特征为东部优于西部,且地区间的聚集程度增强。结论:十年间,我国老年人口健康水平提高,女性在长寿方面存在优势,但生存质量与男性相比仍然存在一定差距;老年人健康预期寿命余寿占比扩大,符合“疾病压缩”假说;同时,健康水平性别差异不断弥合,但地区间非均衡性加深。展开更多
目的探讨高龄老人健康期望寿命的衰减拐点,分析相关影响因素,为相关部门制定目标人群的健康养老服务提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样法,选取2020年7月-2020年8月福建省9个市若干社区中的高龄老人作为研究对象,共529人。采用自评健康期...目的探讨高龄老人健康期望寿命的衰减拐点,分析相关影响因素,为相关部门制定目标人群的健康养老服务提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样法,选取2020年7月-2020年8月福建省9个市若干社区中的高龄老人作为研究对象,共529人。采用自评健康期望寿命和自理健康期望寿命进行筛选,衰减拐点应用ROC曲线进行分析,绘制年龄预测受试曲线下面积以确定最佳拐点(area under curve,AUC)、约登指数、敏感度和特异度;进一步结合Logistic回归分析,探讨相关影响因素。结果年龄预测自理健康期望寿命的衰减拐点为85.5岁,其ROC曲线下面积AUC为0.873,最大约登指数1.613,敏感度66.50%,特异度94.80%;年龄预测自评健康期望寿命的衰减拐点为85.5岁,其ROC曲线下面积AUC为0.799,最大约登指数1.520,敏感度57.30%,特异度94.70%。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、文盲、患慢性病是高龄老人健康期望寿命衰减拐点的危险因素(P<0.05),经济状况良好、配偶健在是高龄老人健康期望寿命衰减拐点的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论高龄老人健康期望寿命衰减拐点约为85.5岁,年龄、文盲、患慢性病是危险因素,经济状况良好、配偶健在是保护因素。展开更多
This paper provided an overview of literature on life expectancy of Chinese popu-lation,elaborated the characteristics of the significant increase in the average life expectancy(ALE)of Chinese population over the past...This paper provided an overview of literature on life expectancy of Chinese popu-lation,elaborated the characteristics of the significant increase in the average life expectancy(ALE)of Chinese population over the past 70 years since the founding of PRC,analyzed the major factors contributing to the improvement in the ALE,and highlight the needs to put greater emphasize to increase average healthy life expectancy(AHLE),to narrow the regional differences in AHLE,to advocate and promote healthy lifestyles,and to prevent and control pollution persistently and effectively.展开更多
文摘In Japan, 18.1% of the population known as baby-boomers will become the late-stage elderly in 2025, thereby needing a foundation to support this change. The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare is promoting the development of a regional comprehensive system allowing the elderly to continue living in their familiar surroundings. However, a care shortage is inevitable unless elders are able to age in good health, regardless of the system’s level of enhancement. This study aims to review the literature on active aging, clarify trends in clinical operations undertakings and research in Japan, and consider relevant research issues. After combining the search results of “active aging” and “healthy life expectancy,” we used a text mining technique to analyze the abstracts of 120 original articles and 213 reviews, commentaries, and features. Eight categories were extracted from the original articles: health statistics, gender, age, etc. From the reviews, commentaries, and features, 16 categories were extracted: orientation, disease, and living, etc. Cerebrovascular disease and osteoporosis were the most common diseases covered in the original articles;there has been a substantial amount of research on “active aging” and “healthy life expectancy” because they can easily lead to being bedridden and to a decrease in QOL. In the reviews, commentaries, and features, lifestyle-related diseases and menopause rather than cerebrovascular disease and osteoporosis, were extracted. The categorical differences found in the original articles may be due to the possibility that Japanese researchers are publishing their research abroad rather than in Japan or they submit research on topics that are guaranteed to be published at home or abroad. Little research has been conducted using the terms, “active aging” and “healthy life expectancy,” evidenced by the small number of studies generated. Preparations for 2025 will require an increase in the number of studies from the perspective of “active aging” and “healthy life expectancy.”
文摘目的:探究我国2010—2020年60岁及以上老年人口健康预期寿命的性别差异及时空分布特征,为促进健康预期寿命性别平等和地区均衡提供实证依据。方法:基于全国第六次和第七次人口普查数据,使用沙利文法计算我国60岁及以上老年人口健康预期寿命并比较其性别差异及时期变动,采用空间自相关(Moran s I)分析健康预期寿命余寿占比的空间分布特点。结果:健康率随年龄增加而降低,男性老年人口健康率高于女性,性别差异主要集中在高龄段且随着时间缩小。女性的平均预期寿命和健康预期寿命均高于男性且提升幅度大于男性。健康预期寿命余寿占比,随时间扩大的基础上表现为男性高于女性,但性别差异呈缩小趋势;其空间分布特征为东部优于西部,且地区间的聚集程度增强。结论:十年间,我国老年人口健康水平提高,女性在长寿方面存在优势,但生存质量与男性相比仍然存在一定差距;老年人健康预期寿命余寿占比扩大,符合“疾病压缩”假说;同时,健康水平性别差异不断弥合,但地区间非均衡性加深。
文摘目的探讨高龄老人健康期望寿命的衰减拐点,分析相关影响因素,为相关部门制定目标人群的健康养老服务提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样法,选取2020年7月-2020年8月福建省9个市若干社区中的高龄老人作为研究对象,共529人。采用自评健康期望寿命和自理健康期望寿命进行筛选,衰减拐点应用ROC曲线进行分析,绘制年龄预测受试曲线下面积以确定最佳拐点(area under curve,AUC)、约登指数、敏感度和特异度;进一步结合Logistic回归分析,探讨相关影响因素。结果年龄预测自理健康期望寿命的衰减拐点为85.5岁,其ROC曲线下面积AUC为0.873,最大约登指数1.613,敏感度66.50%,特异度94.80%;年龄预测自评健康期望寿命的衰减拐点为85.5岁,其ROC曲线下面积AUC为0.799,最大约登指数1.520,敏感度57.30%,特异度94.70%。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、文盲、患慢性病是高龄老人健康期望寿命衰减拐点的危险因素(P<0.05),经济状况良好、配偶健在是高龄老人健康期望寿命衰减拐点的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论高龄老人健康期望寿命衰减拐点约为85.5岁,年龄、文盲、患慢性病是危险因素,经济状况良好、配偶健在是保护因素。
文摘This paper provided an overview of literature on life expectancy of Chinese popu-lation,elaborated the characteristics of the significant increase in the average life expectancy(ALE)of Chinese population over the past 70 years since the founding of PRC,analyzed the major factors contributing to the improvement in the ALE,and highlight the needs to put greater emphasize to increase average healthy life expectancy(AHLE),to narrow the regional differences in AHLE,to advocate and promote healthy lifestyles,and to prevent and control pollution persistently and effectively.
