Evaluation of Digits-in-Noise Test and Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults Screening in Patients with Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

Objective:To explore the clinical evaluation role of the Digits-in-Noise(DIN)test and Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults Screening(HHIA-S)for patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss and to observe and analyze their application values.Methods:Fifty patients with suspected occupational noise-induced hearing loss were randomly selected from the Department of Otolaryngology at the hospital as the research target.The collection period for the research cases spanned from January 2022 to November 2023,and all patients had a history of noise exposure.The DIN test and HHIA-S were used for hearing examinations,with clinical,comprehensive diagnosis serving as the gold standard to study their diagnostic performance.Results:The compliance rate of the DIN test was 88.00%,the HHIA-S’s compliance rate was 80.00%,and the combined compliance rate was 94.00%.The compliance rate of the DIN test and the combined compliance rates of the patients were statistically significant compared to the clinical gold standard data(P<0.05),while there was no difference between the compliance rate of the HHIA-S and the gold standard(P>0.05).The data shows that the sensitivity of the combined diagnosis is significantly higher than the sensitivity data of the DIN test and HHIA-S examination alone(P<0.05).Its specificity is 100.00%,and the accuracy data of the joint diagnosis in the degree were higher than those of the DIN test alone(P>0.05)and the HHIA-S alone(P<0.05).Conclusion:For patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss,the joint evaluation of the DIN test and HHIA-S can significantly improve their diagnostic value with high sensitivity and accuracy.

Sensitivity and specificity of hearing tests for screening hearing loss in older adults

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the most appropriate hearing screening test to identify disabling hearing loss for adults aged 65 years or older.Methods: This study included 577 older adults. Four hearing screening tests were considered in the study, including the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly Screening(HHIE-s), three single question tests, the whisper test, and the finger rub test. The sensitivity and specificity of these tests referenced to the hearing threshold of disabling hearing loss were estimated.Results: Among all tests, only the single self-perception question(0.7064 for sensitivity;0.7225 for specificity) and whisper test(0.7833 for sensitivity;0.7708 for specificity) could obtain both sensitivity and specificity higher than 70% for adults aged ≥65 years.Conclusion: Overall, we suggest using the whisper test to identify disabling hearing loss(>40 dB HL at the better ear) for adults aged 65 years or older. However, if the conditions do not permit, the single selfperception question is also acceptable. Moreover, HHIE-s might not be a good test to detect disabling hearing loss for adults aged 80 years or older.

SLC26A4 mutation testing for hearing loss associated with enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct

nPendred syndrome （PS） is characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance of goiter associated with a defect of iodide organification, hearing loss, enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct （EVA）, and mutations of the SLC26A4 gene. However, not all EVA patients have PS or SLC26A4 mutations. Two mutant alleles of SLC26A4 are detected in 1/4 of North American or European EVA populations, one mutant allele is detected in another 1/4 of patient populations, and no mutations are de-tected in the other 1/2. The presence of two mutant al-leles of SLC26A4 is associated with abnormal iodide or-ganification, increased thyroid gland volume, increased severity of hearing loss, and bilateral EVA. The pres-ence of a single mutant allele of SLC26A4 is associated with normal iodide organification, normal thyroid gland volume, less severe hearing loss and either bilateral or unilateral EVA. When other underlying correlations are accounted for, the presence of a cochlear malformation or the size of EVA does not have an effect on hearing thresholds. This is consistent with observations of an Slc26a4 mutant mouse model of EVA in which hearing loss is independent of endolymphatic hydrops or in-ner ear malformations. Segregation analyses of EVA in families suggest that the patients carrying one mutant allele of SLC26A4 have a second, undetected mutant allele of SLC26A4, and the probability of a sibling hav-ing EVA is consistent with its segregation as an autoso-mal recessive trait. Patients without any mutations are an etiologically heterogeneous group in which siblings have a lower probability of having EVA. SLC26A4 muta-tion testing can provide prognostic information to guide clinical surveillance and management, as well as the probability of EVA affecting a sibling.

中文版hearWHO应用程序在听力筛查中的验证

目的验证中文版hearWHO应用程序,一款噪声下数字言语测试工具,在听力筛查中的有效性。方法招募听力正常者12名,听力损失患者92例。所有受试者依次完成纯音听阈测试、声导抗测试以及中文版hearWHO测试。分析双耳PTA0.5~4kHz和hearWHO得分的相关性,采用受试者工作特性曲线及曲线下面积等参数,确定hearWHO得分在最佳诊断截点下的灵敏度和特异度。结果hearWHO得分与较好耳和较差耳纯音听阈均值PTA0.5~4kHz均呈显著负相关性,相关系数分别为-0.552和-0.693(P<0.001)。按PTA0.5~4kHz≥20dBHL为存在听力损失的标准,当hearWHO得分≤60时,提示至少单耳出现听力下降,灵敏度和特异度分别为0.733、0.690;当hearWHO得分≤50时,提示受试者可能存在双耳听力下降,灵敏度和特异度分别为0.815、0.917。结论hearWHO对检出单耳或双耳听力损失的灵敏度和特异度均较高,当hearWHO得分≤60时,提示受试者有必要转诊进行进一步的听力检测及诊断。

A child with severe inner ear malformations with favorable hearing utilization and balance functions after wearing hearing aids

Infants with congenital deafness caused by severe bilateral inner ear malformations frequently suffer from severe hearing loss and poor balance. Unfortunately, the use of hearing aids is usually ineffective in recovering hearing, necessitating cochlear implants. We report a case of a 6-year-old boy with congenital deafness and bilateral inner ear malformations(right side, incomplete partition type I [IP-I]; left side, common cavity deformity). Hearing aids had a remarkable effect in this patient, enabling sufficient and favorable hearing recovery such as to allow the patient to engage in daily conversations. Per-rotatory nystagmus was recorded on an electronystagmogram for both right and left rotations in a damped rotational chair test. It is rare for deaf children with severe bilateral inner ear malformation to demonstrate favorable development in hearing and good equilibrium function. Our findings suggest that auditoryevestibular hair cells in this patient may have been partially preserved despite IP-I in the right ear and common cavity deformity of the left ear.

Assessment of Balance and Vestibular Functions in Patients with Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

This study investigated the relationship among the severity of hearing impairment,vestibular function and balance function in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss（ISSNHL）.A total of 35 ISSNHL patients（including 21 patients with vertigo） were enrolled.All of the patients underwent audiometry,sensory organization test（SOT）,caloric test,cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential（cV EMP） test and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential（o VEMP） test.Significant relationship was found between vertigo and hearing loss grade（P=0.009）,and between SOT VEST grade and hearing loss grade（P=0.001）.The abnormal rate of o VEMP test was the highest,followed by the abnormal rates of caloric and c VEMP tests,not only in patients with vertigo but also in those without vertigo.The vestibular end organs were more susceptible to damage in patients with vertigo（compared with patients without vertigo）.Significant relationship was found between presence of vertigo and SOT VEST grade（P=0.010）.We demonstrated that vestibular end organs may be impaired not only in patients with vertigo but also in patients without vertigo.The cochlear and vestibular impairment could be more serious in patients with vertigo than in those without vertigo.Vertigo does not necessarily bear a causal relationship with the impairment of the vestibular end organs.SOT VEST grade could be used to reflect the presence of vertigo state in the ISSNHL patients.Apart from audiometry,the function of peripheral vestibular end organs and balance function should be evaluated to comprehensively understand ISSNHL.Better assessment of the condition will help us in clinical diagnosis,treatment and prognosis evaluation of ISSNHL.

Effects of cigarette smoking on the evolution of hearing loss caused by industrial noise

The few studies evaluating the changes caused by cigarette smoking on hearing loss induced by occupational exposure to noise have reached discordant conclusions. The aim of this study is to investigate the interactions between cigarette smoking and occupational exposure to noise as risk factors in the onset and development of hearing loss. The study was performed on a sample of 557 shipyard workers exposed to noise at an Equivalent Level (Leq) of 93 dBA. On the basis of their smoking habits, they were divided into three groups: group (A), non-smokers;group (B), smokers (15-30 cigarettes per day);and group (C), heavy smokers (over 30 cigarettes per day). The study focussed on the audiometric responses of the subjects at the frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 Hz. The results were then compared using statistical techniquees (Internal correlation coefficient, exponential model, ANCOVA, NPC test). Comparison of the audiometric responses showed statistically significant differences between the three groups. Non-parametric analysis, performed using the NPC test, highlighted that the interaction between smoking and exposure to noise has an influence on hearing loss at all frequencies, and particularly at high frequencies (3000-4000 Hz). The data obtained from the examined sample show that smoking and exposure to noise cause an increase in occupational hearing loss and that this is directly related to the number of cigarettes smoked.

Investigation on gunner's hearing organ damage:ear drum inspection and acoustic impedance measurement

The ear drums of 279 long-range gunners and 156 short-range gunners who hadparticipated in a battle for 4 months were inspected and 442 ears were subjected to acousticimpedance measurement.The results showed that retraction was the main change of the ear drums,then,opacity and atrophy.The average static compliance was 1.06,tympanograms were 75.6% oftype A and 21.1% of AD.No obvious difference in acoustic reflex threshold at different frequencieswas found between the 2 sorts of gunners.But the short-range cannon gunners suffered a more seri-ous high frequency hearing loss.

An Application for Screening Gradual-Onset Age-Related Hearing Loss

Objective: Less than 15% of adults in the USA over age 70 receive hearing screening;less than 20% of adults with hearing loss receive any form of treatment. Reasons vary, but affordability and accessibility are major barriers to intervention and treatment. This study provides data supporting a new adult hearing screening measure (NSRT) that is self-administered, easy to use and focused on difficulties experienced in everyday speech communication. Methods: The NSRT test materials are sentence-length utterances containing phonetic contrasts. The test requires respondents to determine whether sentences printed on a computer monitor are the same/different from sentences delivered as auditory stimuli through the computer sound card. The test is administered in quiet and +5 dB SNR background noise. Study participants were 120 adults aged 18 - 88 years. Results: Data obtained from the NSRT testing experience are used to construct a pseudo audiogram. When the predicted hearing thresholds were compared with conventional, clinical puretone measures, the sensitivity and specificity of the NSRT screening measure were 95% and 87%, respectively;diagnostic accuracy was 91%. Conclusions: The NSRT can identify individuals with hearing loss through a simple screening process grounded in standards set by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. The NSRT is suitable for administration in clinical and nonclinical settings.

Development of an Auditory Rehabilitation Training Programme for Hearing Impaired Adults in Saudi Arabia

Hearing impairment is one of the most common sensory disabilities, affecting millions of people worldwide. The current management of acquired hearing impairment in adults is usually in the form of hearing aids. An auditory rehabilitation programme may or may not be provided although literature suggests that such programmes may enhance hearing aid benefits. This study was conducted in an Arabic-speaking country, specifically Saudi Arabia, and is the first to develop an auditory rehabilitation intervention programme in the Arabic language that focuses on working age adults who are new hearing aid users. Randomised intervention study design. Thirty-five participants with mild to severe acquired hearing loss （intervention group n = 18, control group n = 17）. Significant changes were found in the performance of the intervention group in the Minimal Audible Capabilities （MAC） test, a lip reading test and the Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile （GHABP） questionnaire when compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in speech test scores between the two groups. A short individualised auditory rehabilitation intervention programme can yield a significant improvement in the performance of hearing impaired adults by enhancing the benefits of hearing aid use.

Hidden Hearing Loss: Causes, Current Knowledge, and Future Directions

Introduction: Hidden hearing loss (HHL) is a type of auditory disorder that affects the auditory neural processing and hearing sensitivity in subjects with normal hearing thresholds. Unlike central auditory processing disorders, HHL happens when the cochlea (the peripheral auditory organ) is affected. There are several known risk factors to HHL which includes noise exposure, ototoxic drugs, and peripheral neuropathies, and age. Recent studies have shed light on this type of hearing loss, its etiology, prevalence, and how it can affect the auditory acuity in humans. Methods: This paper covers the current research regarding HHL, its causes, the different mechanisms involved in this disorder, and the diagnosis and potential treatments related to it. We will delve deeply into different researches concerning HHL. 4 articles from 285 were selected focusing on normal hearing individuals with bad speech intelligibility were discussed in this paper. In addition, articles discussing the effects of noise exposure on hearing impaired individuals were not considered as this study solely aims to focus on normal hearing sensitivity individuals with HHL, resulting in 4 articles from 285. Results: Numerous literatures over the decades have suggested that HHL is due to the degeneration of cochlear ribbon synapses, or hair cells synapses without hair cell damage. Their association with HHL was noted several times through this study, whether we were studying the effect of noise exposure, of age, or of ototoxicity. In all cases, no significant hair cell damage was observed, and normal thresholds were recovered. However, a decline in the amplitude of Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) peak I from auditory nerve (AN) responses in noise exposed subjects and a decline in compound action potential (CAP) was measured when certain drugs were applied to the round window of Guinea pigs. Conclusion: Most studies, have proven that cochlear synaptophysin is the major contributor to noise induced, age, and ototoxic related HHL. There are several audiometric tests that were used to help identify HHL including Puretone audiometry in background noise, ABR, CAP, Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission (DPOAE).

宁波方言版数字三联音测试在听力筛查中的应用研究

目的 探究宁波方言版数字三联音测试(digit triplet test,DTT)在听力筛查中的敏感性和特异性,同时探索平均听阈、教育程度、年龄、认知能力等因素对宁波方言版DTT的影响。方法 选取2022年9月—2023年6月宁波卫生职业技术学院青年受试者23例为青年组、同期以宁波方言为母语的老年受试者33例为老年组。青年组完成宁波方言版DTT、普通话版DTT。老年组完成纯音测试、方言版DTT、中文版蒙特利尔认知评估基础量表测试,10例老年组同时完成普通话版DTT。结果 青年组普通话版DTT噪声下言语识别阈(speech reception threshold,SRT)与宁波方言版DTT比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);老年组普通话版DTT的SRT与宁波方言版DTT比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者教育程度、年龄均与宁波方言版DTT的SRT无相关。以25 dB HL作为宁波方言版测试的筛查目标时,SRT最佳截断分数-7.7分,筛查敏感性87.0%,特异性90.9%;以35 dB HL作为筛查目标时,SRT最佳截断分数为-7.7分,敏感性100.0%,特异性97.5%。结论 宁波地区老年人需要方言版的听力筛查工具,宁波方言版DTT具备实现宁波地区开展大范围的听力筛查的潜力,建议筛查目标设为35 dB HL。

纳米SiO_(2)改性界面剂对混凝土黏结性能的影响

混凝土结构修补加固后的工作性能取决于新旧混凝土的界面黏结性能,增强新旧混凝土黏结强度的有效途径之一是使用界面剂。通过新旧混凝土界面的斜剪试验、劈裂抗拉试验和界面过渡区SEM形貌分析,对比研究了纳米SiO_(2)溶液、纳米SiO_(2)砂浆、砂浆、丁苯乳胶、环氧树脂5种类型界面剂以及凿毛处理的界面黏结效果,分析了纳米SiO_(2)溶液、纳米SiO_(2)砂浆作为界面剂提升界面黏结性能的机理。试验结果表明:3.75%纳米SiO_(2)砂浆界面剂对新旧混凝土界面的修补效果最好,其界面过渡区的水化反应更充分,生成的网状C-S-H凝胶使得整体结构更加紧密,28 d的斜剪强度和劈裂抗拉强度最高,分别为27.3 MPa和6.3 MPa,其斜剪强度甚至比最优粗糙度(6 mm)26.5 MPa要高。

术中耳蜗电图监测在脑桥小脑角区胆脂瘤切除术中的应用

目的 分析术中耳蜗电图(ECochG)监测信息与术后美国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学会(AAO-HNS)听力功能分级及听力残疾量表(HHI)之间的关系。方法 回顾性分析中日友好医院神经外科2019年3月—2022年3月收治的86例脑桥小脑角(CPA)区胆脂瘤患者的临床资料。所有患者均采用乙状窦后入路切除CPA区胆脂瘤,在术中ECochG的监测下完成肿瘤的完整切除。依据术中ECochG监测信息中动作电位(AP)波幅下降>30%与否分为两组,AP波幅下降>30%组和AP波幅下降≤30%组,分析两个组与术后听力功能障碍及听力残疾程度的关系。结果 AP波幅下降>30%组患者术后存在听力功能障碍,并且在随访3个月、1年和2年后,患者的听力功能障碍持续存在,且有统计学差异(P<0.001)。AP波幅下降>30%组患者术后存在不同程度的听力残疾,在随访3个月、1年和2年后,患者的HHI情绪相关(subtotal-E)及社会相关(subtotal-S)的听力残疾持续存在,有统计学差异(P<0.001);HHI subtotal-E及subtotal-S相关的残疾程度会逐渐加重,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论 术中AP波幅下降>30%的患者在CPA区胆脂瘤术后存在永久听力障碍,其术后subtotal-E及subtotal-S相关的听力残疾程度会逐渐加重。

特发性突发性聋患者前庭功能评估的研究现状

特发性突发性聋(突发性聋)是常见的耳科急症,全球范围内发病呈逐年上升趋势,28%~60%患者在听力下降的同时会伴有眩晕等前庭症状,且往往有较重的听力损伤并预后欠佳。30%~80%的突发性聋患者存在前庭功能异常,且无论是否伴有眩晕,都可能存在前庭功能损伤。虽然对突发性聋患者前庭功能的研究和报道日渐增多,但很多方面尚存在争议,为明晰相关问题,我们从突发性聋患者的前庭症状和功能评估文献进行分析和总结,以期对临床实践有所指导。

Stenger试验应用于鉴定伪聋的研究进展

鉴定伪聋的主要手段是主客观听力测试方法的组合评估。Stenger试验可以帮助医生快速筛查伪聋并确定真实听阈。但伪聋通常合并器质性病变,Stenger试验的准确性在不同听力损失的受试者中存在差异。本文概述了国内外有关Stenger试验的方法原理、适用条件和诊断价值的研究进展,重点总结该试验的影响因素及其应用于不同伪聋类型的结果分析,以期为临床测试提供参考。

Significance of Vestibular Testing on Distinguishing the Nerve of Origin for Vestibular Schwannoma and Predicting the Preservation of Hearing

Background： Determining the nerve of origin for vestibular schwannoma （VS）, as a method for predicting hearing prognosis, has not been systematically considered. The vestibular test can be used to investigate the function of the superior vestibular nerve （SVN） and the inferior vestibular nerve （IVN）. This study aimed to preoperatively distinguish the nerve of origin for VS patients using the vestibular test, and determine if this correlated with hearing preservation. Methods： A total of 106 patients with unilateral VS were enrolled in this study prospectively. Each patient received a caloric test, vestibular-evoked myogenic potential （VEMP） test, and cochlear nerve function test （hearing） before the operation and 1 week, 3, and 6 months, postoperatively. All patients underwent surgical removal of the VS using the suboccipital approach. During the operation, the nerve of tumor origin （SVN or IVN） was identified by the surgeon. Tumor size was measured by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Results： The nerve of tumor origin could not be unequivocally identified in 38 patients （38/106, 35.80%）. These patients were not subsequently evaluated. In 26 patients （nine females, seventeen males）, tumors arose from the SVN and in 42 patients （18 females, 24 males）, tumors arose from the IVN. Comparing with tile nerve of origins （SVN and IVN） of tumors, the results of the caloric tests and VEMP tests were significantly different in tumors originating from the SVN and the IVN in our study. Hearing was preserved in 16 of 26 patients （61.54%） with SVN-originating tumors, whereas hearing was preserved in only seven of 42 patients （16.67%） with IVN-originating tumors. Conclusions： Our data suggest that caloric and VEMP tests might help to identify whether VS tumors originate from the SVN or IVN. These tests could also be used to evaluate the residual function of the nerves after surgery. Using this information, we might better predict the preservation of hearing for patients.

Vestibular function of pediatric patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss:based on vertigo symptom and vestibular function testing

Background This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between vestibular and auditory functions in pediatric patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSHL).Methods A total of 30 pediatric patients experiencing unilateral SSHL between 5.9 and 13.0 years of age were enrolled in this study.Pure tone audiometry was evaluated prior to treatment initiation and again after one month of treatment.Prior to treatment initiation,vertigo symptoms were noted;then several vestibular function tests were conducted including caloric testing,ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(o-VEMPs)and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(c-VEMPs).Associations between pre and post-treatment vestibular function and hearing threshold levels were analyzed.Results Initial hearing thresholds of children with vertigo were higher than thresholds of children without vertigo(92 dB vs 79 dB,F=0.033),while initial hearing thresholds of children with abnormal caloric test findings were higher than thresholds of children with normal caloric test findings(93 dB vs 67 dB.P=0.014).Cutoff values of hearing thresholds for those with vertigo symptoms and abnormal vestibular test results were 86.000-and 89.583-dB HL.respectively.Regarding prognosis,children with vertigo exhibited lower recovery rates than children without vertigo(33%vs 75%,P=0.025);recovery rates of children with abnormal caloric test results were lower than the overall recovery rate(25%vs 73%,respectively,P=0.039).Conclusion Assessments of vertigo symptoms and vestibular function are useful tools in predicting pediatric SwSHL patient disease severity and prognosis.

无眩晕突发性耳聋患者前庭功能初步分析

目的探讨无眩晕突发性耳聋患者前庭功能情况。方法回顾性选取2020年9月至2022年4月新华-崇明区域医联体耳鼻咽喉科病房收治的单侧突发性耳聋患者118例(突聋组),根据突发性耳聋听力损失程度分为非全聋组61例和全聋组57例。纳入陪同就诊听力正常成年人15例(对照组)。观察受试对象前庭器官是否存在损伤及损伤程度的联系。结果对照组前庭功能均正常,与突聋组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非全聋组前庭功能与全聋组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。非全聋组痊愈2例,显效15例,有效22例,无效22例。结论即使无眩晕的突发性耳聋患者,仍有前庭功能损伤的可能,提示突发性耳聋患者的前庭功能可能经中枢代偿后抑制了眩晕症状的表现。

声诱发反应在胎膜早破胎儿听力监测中的应用

目的探讨声诱发反应(acoustic stimulation test,AST)在胎膜早破(prelabor rupture of membranes,PROM)胎儿听力监测中的可行性。方法选取2018年6月—2021年12月宁德师范学院附属宁德市医院妇产科收治的2725例PROM孕妇作为PROM组,根据PROM发生时阴道分泌物病原体检测结果分为生殖道感染(reproductive tract infections,RTI)组(阳性)918例和无RTI组(阴性)1807例;再根据胎龄进一步划分为足月组(孕期≥37周)1792例和早产组(28周≤孕期<37周)933例,为以上受试者行AST检测和新生儿听力筛查及诊断。同时,选取无PROM受试者600例作为对照组,最后将各组结果进行对比。结果RTI组足儿和早产儿的AST阳性率均明显低于无RTI组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3月龄时,PROM组足月儿和早产儿的声导抗和畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但其V波阈值明显高于无PROM组;6月龄时,PROM组足月儿和早产儿的声导抗、DPOAE及V波阈值与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);在听力损失随访幼儿中,起初超过一半患儿的声导抗异常,而DPOAE通过率低、V波阈值差。随着月龄增加,各组患儿(PROM组足月儿除外)的声导抗异常率、DPOAE通过率及V波阈值均出现明显改善;在阳性AST,PROM组及对照组患儿听力损失多为轻、中度;在阴性AST,PROM组患儿听力损失多为单或双耳中、重度,而对照组则多为同时双耳;AST对筛查胎儿听力损失的曲线下面积(Area under the curve,AUC)为0.821,联合DPOAE的AUC则为0.915,高于单独使用AST或DPOAE,对重度和极重度者具有很好的敏感度。结论AST可以较好地反映与预估PROM宫内胎儿听力,可供临床选择/联合使用;尤其是RTI阴性者,其听力损失率较高,应加强此类患儿的听力跟踪与随访。