Attitudes of undergraduate nursing students toward Objective Structure Practical Examination: An Exploratory study

Background: Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) is a method of assessment of clinical competence.The examination is conducted at multiple stations.Besides practical and problem-solving skills,theoretical knowledge is also tested.OSPE can be traced back more than 40 years.OSPE has been included more than two decades,as a part of assessment in the College of Nursing,All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS),New Delhi.Objectives: This study was carried out to determine nursing students' attitudes towards OSPE as an assessment tool.Participants: The responses of all the 252 Undergraduate nursing students studying at the College of Nursing,AIIMS were obtained for this study (77 from B.Sc.(H) Nursing first year,61 from the second year,69 from the third year and 45 from the fourth year).Methods: The students attitudes towards OSPE were assessed by using a validated questionnaire containing 28 item statements on Likert's 5-point scale (LS) and 11 bipolar adjectives on Osgood's 7-point Semantic'Differential Scale (OSDS).Result: Most of the students approved of OSPE and felt that it was fair,useful,good,effective,exciting,interesting,practical,skill oriented but also taxing.The study also revealed that amongst the second years' students there was a strong correlation between Overall Rank in the Class and Assessment of OSPE.Conclusion: The study supports the introduction of OSPE as one of the methods of assessment of B.Sc.(Hons.) Nursing students.

Constructing the Training Curriculum of Standardized Patients for OSCE Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students in Shanxi Medical University

Objective: The objective of this study is to construct the simulated patient training curriculum for OSCE examination for undergraduate nursing students and to explore the theoretical and practical foundation. Methods: To establish TSP training curriculum and SSP training curriculum, 30 experts were invited to finish the questionnaires which were proved by Delphi Method. Findings: We established the training curriculum of TSP and SSP, and set the weight of various curricula and teaching contents. Conclusions: The experts considered that the degree and importance of these two training curricula were comparable. This conclusion lays the foundation for applying these curricula to teaching practice and clinical practice, and enhancing the teaching outcome of undergraduate nursing students. Implications: This study provided a new way of assessing the clinic ability of nursing students.

Test anxiety in objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) compared with traditional assessment methods in undergraduate midwifery students

BACKGROUND: Final comprehensive exam is the most important examination for midwifery students to evaluate their professional ability and Test anxiety is a common phenomenon among college students. Because test anxiety is one of the problems of educational systems, this study was performed to compare test anxiety in objective structured clinical examinations (OS-CEs) and traditional assessment methods (TAM) among Undergraduate Midwifery Students. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 52 students of Babol Midwifery College were participated in the study. 20 students were evaluated using TAM in November 2010, and 32 students were evaluated using the OSCE method in July 2011. Data were collected via a two-component questionnaire including demographic data and the test anxiety inventory (TAI). Results: All of midwifery students were women;the mean age of students, ages of father and mother’s were 23.1 ± 0.7, 52.3 ± 3.5 and 47.8 ± 4.9 years, respectively. Most of the students were single (61.5%). The mean education levels of father and mother’s were 11.6 ± 4.5 and 9.9 ± 4.0 years, respectively. The mean score of test anxiety in students was 42.51 ± 13.16. The most of participants did have moderate test anxiety (56.9%), two present not had any test anxiety, 37.3% had low test anxiety, and 3.9% had severe test anxiety. In sum, 98% had some degrees of test anxiety. There were the statistical differences in the mean score of text anxiety in OSCEs Compared with TAM in Undergraduate Midwifery Students (39.38 ± 13.81 vs. 47.35 ± 10.67, P = 0.033). Also, the mean severity of anxiety was different in two groups. The mean of moderate/severe test anxiety was more in TAM compared with OSCEs (52.57% vs. 49.56%, p = 0.000). The test anxiety had a positive correlation with father’s education, mother’s education (0.286, p = 0.042), father’s age, mother’s age, marital status, residency (0.292, p = 0.042). Also, there are negative correlations with student age, satisfaction, total Grade Point Average (GPA) (-0.387, p = 0.007), final score, type of assessment (-0.298, p = 0.033). There is a significant difference between the severity anxiety residency in total (p = 0.10) and OSCEs (p = 0.049) groups, mother’s education in total (p = 0.005) and OSCEs groups (0.012) and GPA (p = 0.028). Conclusion: OSCEs were superior to TAM in the reduction of test anxiety in midwifery students. The prevalence of test anxiety was in TAM than OSCEs method;therefore, using OSCEs is acknowledged as an effective assessment tool and is seen as the gold standard for evaluating clinical performance.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of breast self examination and breast cancer among female medical students in Taif, Saudi Arabia

Introduction and Research Problem: Breast cancer is the most common of all female cancers in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Different studies conducted in the Kingdom have shown that knowledge of females regarding breast cancer is poor. Aim of the study was to determine knowledge, attitude and practice among students of Saudi female medical university towards Breast Self Examination (BSE) and also to explore their knowledge about breast cancer. Research Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Faculty of Medicine, Taif University during October 2013. Sample size was 378 with mean age of 19.9 ± 1.5. A self administrated questionnaire was used to obtain data about knowledge, attitude and practice towards BSE and knowledge about breast cancer. Data were collected and fed to SPSS version 16. Shape of distribution for numerical data was tested by using one sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Chi-Square Test & Fissure Exact Test (FET) were used for testing relation between categorical variables while correlation analysis was used to test the strength of relation between numeric variables. Main Results: The study revealed that only 8.2% of participants had good overall knowledge about breast cancer and BSE. Although 66% of the study sample had positive attitude towards BSE, only 17% reported that they practiced BSE monthly. A significant positive moderate correlation was found between overall knowledge score and attitude towards BSE (r = 0.449 & p = 0.000). The same was for the frequency of BSE practice but it was found to be in a weak magnitude (r = 0.223 & p = 0.000). Conclusion and Recommendations: Although there was lack of knowledge about breast cancer and BSE yet, positive attitude towards BSE was encouraging. Most female medical students in our sample did not perform BSE or perform it irregularly. Therefore, more intensified awareness programs among students of medical university are necessary to keep in view their current status of breast cancer and BSE knowledge. Further researches are needed to identify causes of inadequate knowledge and practice of BSE among medical students in Taif.

An Analysis of the Pre-writing Strategies Employed by Chinese College Students in the Timed Examination

This thesis is trying to analyze the pre-writing strategies used by Chinese college students in a timed examination.The purposes of this study is to identify the possible strategies the Chinese college students claimed they used in the pre-writing stage of the timed examination,find if differences exist between the pre-writing strategies employed by skilled writers and unskilled writers,and find which strategy best facilitate writing in a timed condition.

Influencing program satisfaction for undergraduate students in STEM areas: The impact of interdisciplinary features, disciplinary connectedness, faculty support, and examination difficulty

Ensuring program satisfaction for undergraduate students in the areas of science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)matters in student retention and education quality improvement.This study explores how four rarely examined variables support from faculty members,interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses,disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses,and examination difficulty impact Chinese STEM undergraduates’program satisfaction.With data from 619 Chinese STEM undergraduates,structural equation modeling shows that course satisfaction partially mediates the impact of support from faculty members on program satisfaction,while fully mediating that of interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses and disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses on program satisfaction.Examination difficulty exerts no significant impact on program satisfaction neither directly nor indirectly.Support from faculty members impact course satisfaction significantly stronger for junior and senior students than for freshmen and sophomores,while interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses impact course satisfaction stronger for freshmen and sophomores than for juniors and seniors.The study ends with practical implications for the higher education reform in relevant areas.

Mobile Based Learning and Examination: Students and Instructors Perceptions from Different Arab Countries

The online education market is expanding both globally and locally;Arab countries are paying special attention to the growth of this sector. Reports showed that the e-learning market arrived at $27.1 billion in the year 2009 and is expected to surpass $49.6 billion by the year 2014. This paper presents and surveys the perception of students and instructors regarding mobile learning and mobile examination system in some Arab countries. Many universities in the Arab world are under progress in the implementation of this new technology and many have already implemented it. Strong tools are required to improve e-learning system of education. This research supports the transition of education from conventional methods to m-learning and m-exam systems. The purpose of this research is to study the perception of both instructors and students regarding mobile learning and mobile examination systems. The introduction of such systems to the educational process requires people involved to have basic technical skills and to be aware of the benefits of such systems. Results showed different perspectives from three countries;also showed that online examination systems could be very helpful, but many factors should be considered and they should be implemented carefully to guarantee the successful adoption, fairness and reliability.

Contribution of Simulation to the Skills Laboratory for the Learning of Obstetrical Examination in an African Setting with Limited Resources

Objective: To evaluate the interest of the simulation in the learning of the obstetric examination of parturient by medical students. Materials and methods: It was an analytical cross-sectional study that took place from 1 to 28 February 2020 at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The study population was made up of medical students at the Doctorate II level. The previous experience of the students in the obstetric examination of the parturient, the contribution of the simulation on their feelings and on their skills towards this examination were studied. The Mc Nemar Chi2 test was used to compare percentages on paired samples. Results: The level of difficulty in performing the obstetrical examination in the parturient evolved downwards after the practice of the simulation. The stress level to perform the obstetric exam has been significantly reduced. On the other hand, confidence has increased. The students’ ability to appreciate each of the elements of the obstetric examination studied had improved after the practice of simulation. Conclusion: The simulation in the skills laboratory was a great contribution and the acquisition of models of better fidelity would help to improve the contribution to the confidence building and the acquisition of skills by learners.

Analysis on Factors Influencing Sustainable Development of Self-study Examination of Agricultural Science Disciplines

Based on existing problems in the course of development of self-study examination of agricultural science disciplines, this paper analyzes logical conditions for its sustainable development. Major logical conditions include requirement for free and comprehensive development of individuals; requirement for social institutional evolution and change; requirement for fairness and justice of education and development; as well as requirement for better-established organization system and higher social reputation. Finally, it presents basic measures for sustainable development of self-study examination of agricultural science disciplines, including carrying on reasonable core elements of self-study examination system, adjusting structure of discipline, improving social assistance system, and expanding service space.

Factors Affecting the English Self-study of Senior High Students

The new students'view appeals for learning alone,so the teachers should make study for students,which is the order of the new curriculum standards of the high school English.There are many strategies to improve that,but the effect of self-study is not satisfactory.In order to make it come into effects,we should conclude the factors affecting the English self-study.Subjective and objective aspects will be concluded according to the literature review,investigation,self-experience and features of senior high English study.

Students’ perception of effective clinical teaching and teacher behaviour

Learning in the clinical environment is an integral part of nursing education programme. In tertiarybased nursing courses, students spend time learning in the clinical setting as they do in their classroombased studies. The purpose of this study was to explore teaching skills considered by undergraduate student nurses as effective in the clinical setting as well as qualities that make a clinical teacher effective. A descriptive design was employed using questionnaires to collect data. Respondents comprised year four undergraduate student nurses admitted through direct entry (DE) and university matriculation examination (UME) results. Using validated structured questionnaire, data were collected from 101 students who had completed their six months consolidated clinical experience on their perception of teaching skills and teacher qualities considered effective in the clinical setting. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Specifically, frequencies, percentage and standard deviation were used for descriptive analysis of scores while chi square and Mann-Whitney tests were used to test the mean differences in the teaching skills and to test whether there was a significant difference in their perception of teacher behaviours respectively at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed that having both clinical (professional) and teaching knowledge were the most important teaching skills for effective clinical teaching. Five qualities ranked by students as teacher behaviours important for effective teaching include being honest with students, motivation to teach, willingness to listen and using good communication skills, supervising students effectively and being positive role model. These factors could be considered when recruiting future clinical teachers and when planning inservice education programmes for clinical teachers to promote student learning.

Factors Interfering Chinese Students' English Pronunciation and Its Solutions

In English learning, undesirable pronunciation of vowels and intonation that plagues Chinese students in many ways is caused by the interference of mother tongue, accents and system of examination. In order to correct the errors, teachers, students and the system need to adjust themselves accordingly.

Evaluation of Students'Performance in Specialized Courses in Yanbian Agriculture College by Variance

The performance of college students'professional courses is an index to evaluate their academic status,so the performance of professional courses has a certain significance.In the process of assigning homework to teachers and taking exams in universities,the performance of specialized courses is regarded as the standard for students to study well.Because students'understanding and follow-up are often assessed on the basis of their usual seriousness and attendance in class,homework and exams,it is necessary to analyze their final grades to assess their actual situation.Test scores were evaluated using variances and covariances.This paper discusses how to evaluate the final achievement from the distribution of achievement.

“双一流”与非“双一流”高校生源研究生考研背景与学业满意度的比较研究——以西部某高校为例

该文以问卷调查数据信息为基础,采用独立样本T检验和描述性统计分析方法,对来源于“双一流”与非“双一流”研究生专业认同度、考研动机及学业满意度的差异进行比较研究,从受教育者的角度探讨将“双一流”高校生源作为优质生源的合理性。研究发现,“双一流”高校生源研究生对前一阶段专业学习的认同度以及现在专业知识体系的系统性高于非“双一流”高校生源研究生。对学术和科研感兴趣、提高就业层级以及提高学历层次都是两类学校生源研究生考研的主要动机。“双一流”高校与非“双一流”高校生源硕士生学业满意度无差异。非“双一流”高校生源博士生学业满意度显著高于“双一流”高校生源的博士生。

基于能力培养导向临床实习轮转模式的应用意义

目的结合国家执业医师考试及全国大学生医学技术技能大赛的考试要求,探讨基于能力导向临床实习轮转模式改革的应用效果。方法选取实习的2017级临床医学“5+3”一体化儿科及临床专业实习生各90名,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组90人。试验组采用调整后实习轮转计划,对照组采用传统实习轮转计划,应用综合考评得分、个人综合能力、自我超越、职业抱负、教学满意度评分量表进行统计比较。结果试验组综合考评、个人综合能力、岗位胜任能力、自我超越、职业抱负、教学满意度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实习模式改革有助于提高医学生的整体素质,改善医学生的学习环境,激发医学生的临床学习兴趣和主动性,增强医学生的临床实践能力,提高医学生的满意度,同时提升国家执业医师考试通过率以及为全国大学生医学技术技能大赛培养优秀赛手,值得继续深入探索和推广应用。

大学生体检心电图特征分析

目的了解在校大学生的心脏电活动表现,分析其心电图异常的检出情况及特征,为识别出需要进一步完善相关检查的人群及心电图高危人群提供参考。方法收集2022年入学行健康体检的1003名高校大学生的心电图,按不同性别及民族对心电图的人群分布特征和心电图参数进行描述性统计分析。结果正常心电图459例(45.8%),异常心电图544例(54.2%)。异常心电图检出情况:窦性心律不齐36.7%,窦性心动过速2.2%,窦性心动过缓伴心律不齐5.5%,早搏1.8%,束支阻滞1.7%,ST-T改变2.5%。心电图异常检出率女性高于男性,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。在男性和女性大学生中,心电图相关参数P波时限,QRS波时限,QT间期及R_(V5)、S_(V1)振幅差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论在大学生体检心电图中异常心电图检出率较高,其心电图变化可能与自主神经功能失调及心电图参数的界值设定相关,故在体检心电图的诊断中需仔细判断其是生理性还是病理性改变,以免误诊,造成对受检者家庭成员的压力和医疗资源的浪费。心电图相关参数在不同性别大学生之间差异较小,在实际临床操作中可忽略。

清代八旗生员招考问题探析

清廷为了安顿社会承平时期的八旗子弟,允许他们参加考试获取生员身份,以此鼓励他们学习汉族文化。然而随着满汉关系的变化,八旗生员的名额也屡经增减。为了确保考试的公正性,清廷在考试流程和投考资格等方面出台了多项举措,并针对考试流弊,不断调整政策,完善录考程序。优异的八旗生员,进而成为八旗贡监生,通过在国子监的深造步入仕途,成为清代政权建设的重要力量。

在求知与流动之间:新生代农村女大学生的考研动因研究

新生代农村女大学生是考研群体的重要组成部分。该研究以46份教育自传为样本,利用质性分析软件,基于生命历程理论的理论视角,遵循扎根理论方法进路,探究其考研决策的行为动因。研究发现求知与流动是该群体生命历程的核心事件,在空间流动中求知的生命体验塑造了个体化特征,孕育了“考研”这一为实现社会流动而继续求知的个体化抉择。中国式现代化创造的制度空间、知识可获得性的途径扩展、家庭提供的组织保障和不断强化的个体化倾向共同构成了该群体考研决策的巨大动力。

学生标准化病人教学方法在神经内科临床实践教学中的应用

目的探讨将学生标准化病人应用于神经内科临床实践教学中的应用效果。方法将80名临床医学本科大四学生随机分成为传统临床带教对照组和学生标准化病人(student as standardized patients,SSP)组。对照组以传统临床带教的方式进行临床实践教学,SSP组采用学生标准化病人进行临床实践教学。临床实践结束后所有学生接受客观结构化临床考试(objective structured clinical examination,OSCE)及完成满意度问卷调查。结果SSP组在OSCE考试中病史采集、神经系统查体得分方面优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调查问卷结果显示,SSP组在临床思维提升、激发学习兴趣、沟通能力提升方面得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论学生标准化病人应用于神经内科的临床实践过程中有助于提高临床医学生的病史采集及神经系统体格检查技能,取得更好的教学效果。