Construction method of Chinese sentential semantic structure

A new method is proposed for constructing the Chinese sentential semantic structure in this paper. The method adopts the features including predicates, relations between predicates and basic arguments, relations between words, and case types to train the models of CRF ＋ ＋ and de- pendency parser. On the basis of the data set in Beijing Forest Studio-Chinese Tagged Corpus （ BFS- CTC）, the proposed method obtains precision value of 73.63% in open test. This result shows that the formalized computer processing can construct the sentential semantic structure absolutely. The features of predicates, topic and comment extracted with the method can be applied in Chinese in- formation processing directly for promoting the development of Chinese semantic analysis. The method makes the analysis of sentential semantic analysis based on large scale of data possible. It is a tool for expanding the corpus and has certain theoretical research and practical application value.

A Semi-automatic Method Based on Statistic for Mandarin Semantic Structures Extraction in Specific Domains

This paper proposed a new method of semi-automatic extraction for semantic structures from unlabelled corpora in specific domains. The approach is statistical in nature. The extracted structures can be used for shallow parsing and semantic labeling. By iteratively extracting new words and clustering words, we get an inital semantic lexicon that groups words of the same semantic meaning together as a class. After that, a bootstrapping algorithm is adopted to extract semantic structures. Then the semantic structures are used to extract new

HUSS:A Heuristic Method for Understanding the Semantic Structure of Spreadsheets

Spreadsheets contain a lot of valuable data and have many practical applications.The key technology of these practical applications is how to make machines understand the semantic structure of spreadsheets,e.g.,identifying cell function types and discovering relationships between cell pairs.Most existing methods for understanding the semantic structure of spreadsheets do not make use of the semantic information of cells.A few studies do,but they ignore the layout structure information of spreadsheets,which affects the performance of cell function classification and the discovery of different relationship types of cell pairs.In this paper,we propose a Heuristic algorithm for Understanding the Semantic Structure of spreadsheets(HUSS).Specifically,for improving the cell function classification,we propose an error correction mechanism(ECM)based on an existing cell function classification model[11]and the layout features of spreadsheets.For improving the table structure analysis,we propose five types of heuristic rules to extract four different types of cell pairs,based on the cell style and spatial location information.Our experimental results on five real-world datasets demonstrate that HUSS can effectively understand the semantic structure of spreadsheets and outperforms corresponding baselines.

Study on semantic structure of cultural and creative industry park based on internet literature

According to the information of 231 cultural and creative industry parks on the Internet literature, this research classified and studied the park elements from the text using the method of semantic Ontotogy analysis. The paper analyzes the cultural and creative industry park in the performance of type, constitution elements of geosraphical attributes, character- istics, etc. Through analysis, we found that ＂location＂, ＂form＂ and ＂rhetoric＂ are frequently mentioned in the park names. As the parks prefer to combine cultural relics with their own characters for hishlighting influence and specialties, the park locations also have certain restrictions （e.g., ＂historic sites＂, ＂ancient cities＂）. Furthermore, cultural and creative industry parks cover a wide range of contents （e.g., ＂digital industry＂, ＂ecological landscape＂）. The boundaries of the park type and content are not very clear in present China. And, the parks lack of overall planning and often have an imperfect industrial chain and other issues. Therefore, on developing cultural and creative industry parks, the overall planning and perfect industrial chain need to be focused on.

Metadata Hierarchy in Integrated Geoscientific Database for Regional Mineral Prospecting

One of the core developments in geomathematics in now days is the use of digital data processing in mineral prospecting and assessment. The information discovery is based on multidisciplinary geoscientific data and an integrated management approach is crucial. The lack of a standard description hinders interoperations in database search and discovery. Metadata hierarchy aims to provide a standard view of the geoscientific data, and facilitate data description and discovery. In the research of integrated geoscientific database, the metadata hierarchy used a standardized description for each collection in the content structure and realized in semantic structure. It recorded both dataset identification and inner structures and relationships of objects, thus differed from many other applications. There were four tiers in the content structure and three levels in the semantic structure. With its help, database users could determine how applicable a dataset is to a project, and improve their queries to the database. Effectiveness of data accessing is significantly enhanced through the rich, consistent metadata.

Enhancing Navigability:An Algorithm for Constructing Tag Trees

Purpose： This study introduces an algorithm to construct tag trees that can be used as a userfriendly navigation tool for knowledge sharing and retrieval by solving two issues of previous studies, i.e. semantic drift and structural skew.Design/methodology/approach： Inspired by the generality based methods, this study builds tag trees from a co-occurrence tag network and uses the h-degree as a node generality metric. The proposed algorithm is characterized by the following four features：（1） the ancestors should be more representative than the descendants,（2） the semantic meaning along the ancestor-descendant paths needs to be coherent,（3） the children of one parent are collectively exhaustive and mutually exclusive in describing their parent, and（4） tags are roughly evenly distributed to their upper-level parents to avoid structural skew. Findings： The proposed algorithm has been compared with a well-established solution Heymann Tag Tree（HTT）. The experimental results using a social tag dataset showed that the proposed algorithm with its default condition outperformed HTT in precision based on Open Directory Project（ODP） classification. It has been verified that h-degree can be applied as a better node generality metric compared with degree centrality.Research limitations： A thorough investigation into the evaluation methodology is needed, including user studies and a set of metrics for evaluating semantic coherence and navigation performance.Practical implications： The algorithm will benefit the use of digital resources by generating a flexible domain knowledge structure that is easy to navigate. It could be used to manage multiple resource collections even without social annotations since tags can be keywords created by authors or experts, as well as automatically extracted from text.Originality/value： Few previous studies paid attention to the issue of whether the tagging systems are easy to navigate for users. The contributions of this study are twofold：（1） an algorithm was developed to construct tag trees with consideration given to both semanticcoherence and structural balance and（2） the effectiveness of a node generality metric, h-degree, was investigated in a tag co-occurrence network.

Three-Dimensional World of Similes in English Fictional Writing

The paper offers a three-dimensional linguosemiotic study of similes, which implies integral analysis of their semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic aspects. Such an approach to the study of similes is quite new as they have been hitherto considered either from a literary viewpoint as one of the stylistic expressive means of language or in the philosophy of language in correlation with metaphor. The three-dimensional linguosemiotic methodology of research has enabled us： （1） to reveal the cognitive, psychological, and metaphorical essence of similes and work out the invariant conceptual model which remains unchanged throughout their structural-semantic variation in the text; （2） to single out pragmatic features of similes, the set of which defines their linguistic status as a language-in-use construct, i.e., textual phenomenon; （3） to study the denotational-cognitive aspect of similes pointing out the parameters according to which similes have been differentiated into semantic types and subtypes and （4） to generalize the syntactical aspect of similes and define the set of their structural modifications in the text conditioned both by the intralinguistic regularities and by pragmatic factors. Therefore, we have worked out an interdisciplinary theory of similes implying the synergy of the data of linguistic, literary, cognitive, and psychological studies

Women Forbidden From ＂Climbing Tall Trees＂： Insecurity and Biological Asymmetry in Urhobo Sex Proverbs

Insecurity and asymmetry in all their ramifications are ideological. They are also inherently communicative processes that are largely constructed and enacted through language in various institutional discourses. In Urhobo, sex proverbs copiously couch the ideological conceptualizations of the male-female biological asymmetry. Studies on Urhobo proverbs dwell largely on functional applications and documentations of the proverbs, thereby overlooking their ideological underpinnings. Therefore, in this paper, efforts are geared toward investigating and unravelling ideologies that have been habitualized in the semantic and pragmatic structures of the Urhobo sex proverbs. The intention is to throw open the patterns of relationship between the male and female participants in the society in relation to sex matters and power. Twenty-six Urhobo indigenes （six males and 20 females）, who are competent in the socioculture and language were successfully interviewed to elicit Urhobo sex proverbs. Proverbs that contain the following lexical items： penis, virgina, to make love, or to have sex are purposively selected and subjected to CDA （critical discourse analysis）. The main assumption of CDA is that language is both the site and the stake in the struggle for power and domination. Findings show that in the Urhobo sex proverbs, there is asymmetry in access to sexual relations between the male and female. Although the sex proverbs do not always refer to copulation, they are often employed as powerful instruments to dominate and instil fear in the female participant. Consequently, patriarchal discourses are further entrenched in the society

Chinese Semantic Parsing Based on Feature Structure with Recursive Directed Graph

It is difficult to analyze semantic relations automatically, especially the semantic relations of Chinese special sentence patterns. In this paper, we apply a novel model feature structure to represent Chinese semantic relations, which is formalized as ＂recursive directed graph＂. We focus on Chinese special sentence patterns, including the complex noun phrase, verb-complement structure, pivotal sentences, serial verb sentence and subject-predicate predicate sentence. Feature structure facilitates a richer Chinese semantic information extraction when compared with dependency structure. The results show that using recursive directed graph is more suitable for extracting Chinese complex semantic relations.

A survey on facial image deblurring

When a facial image is blurred,it significantly affects high-level vision tasks such as face recognition.The purpose of facial image deblurring is to recover a clear image from a blurry input image,which can improve the recognition accuracy,etc.However,general deblurring methods do not perform well on facial images.Therefore,some face deblurring methods have been proposed to improve performance by adding semantic or structural information as specific priors according to the characteristics of the facial images.In this paper,we survey and summarize recently published methods for facial image deblurring,most of which are based on deep learning.First,we provide a brief introduction to the modeling of image blurring.Next,we summarize face deblurring methods into two categories:model-based methods and deep learning-based methods.Furthermore,we summarize the datasets,loss functions,and performance evaluation metrics commonly used in the neural network training process.We show the performance of classical methods on these datasets and metrics and provide a brief discussion on the differences between model-based and learning-based methods.Finally,we discuss the current challenges and possible future research directions.

Semantic Analysis of the Theoretical Foundations of Biology

As a different type of research in the philosophy of science, biological theory has always attracted scholarly attention. One reason for this phenomenon is that it differs from the traditional scientific paradigm. To explore the root of this difference, we need to examine closely the theoretical foundations and structure of biology. The complexity of the multiple contexts and semantic structures expressed in the theoretical structure specific to biology requires that research on the theoretical foundation of biology incorporate semantic analysis. It is particularly necessary to conduct semantic decomposition of the theories themselves and study their semantic correlations. In doing so, we can discern the rationality of the biological model as a special form of scientific explanation distinct from that of physics and chemistry.

Mechanized semantics and refinement of UML-Statecharts

The Unified Modeling Language （UML） is an industry standard for modeling analysis and design. However, the semantics of UML is not precisely defined and the correctness of refinement relations cannot be verified. In this study, we use the theorem proof assistant Coq to formalize and mechanize the semantics of UML- Statecharts and the refinement relations between models. Based on the mechanized semantics, the desired properties of both the semantics and the refinement relations can be described and proven as predicates and lemmas. This approach provides a promising way to obtain certified fault-free modeling and refinement.

Research on Metamodels Consistency Verification Based on Formalization of Domain-Specific Metamodeling Language

Domain-specific metamodeling language(DSMML) defined by informal method cannot strictly represent its structural semantics,so its properties such as consistency cannot be holistically and systematically verified.In response,the paper proposes a formal representation of the structural semantics of DSMML named extensible markup language(XML) based metamodeling language(XMML) and its metamodels consistency verification method.Firstly,we describe our approach of formalization,based on this,the method of consistency verification of XMML and its metamodels based on first-order logical inference is presented;then,the formalization automatic mapping engine for metamodels is designed to show the feasibility of our formal method.

Direct Model Checking Matrix Algorithm

During the last decade, Model Checking has proven its efficacy and power in circuit design, network protocol analysis and bug hunting. Recent research on automatic verification has shown that no single model-checking technique has the edge over all others in all application areas. So, it is very difficult to determine which technique is the most suitable for a given model. It is thus sensible to apply different techniques to the same model. However, this is a very tedious and time-consuming task, for each algorithm uses its own description language. Applying Model Checking in software design and verification has been proved very difficult. Software architectures （SA） are engineering artifacts that provide high-level and abstract descriptions of complex software systems. In this paper a Direct Model Checking （DMC） method based on Kripke Structure and Matrix Algorithm is provided. Combined and integrated with domain specific software architecture description languages （ADLs）, DMC can be used for computing consistency and other critical properties.