The differences in intracellular and extracellular protein expressions between human prostate cancer lines LNCap and DU145 were examined, The proteins of the two cell lines were extracted and condensed by using protei...The differences in intracellular and extracellular protein expressions between human prostate cancer lines LNCap and DU145 were examined, The proteins of the two cell lines were extracted and condensed by using protein extraction kits. And the intracellular and extracellular proteins were quantitatively detected on a micro-plate reader by using bicinchoninic acid （BCA） method. The proteins in cell culture fluid were qualitatively assayed by SELDI-TOF-MS, The results showed that the intracellular protein contents of LNCap cells were extremely higher than those of DU145 cells. After serum-free culture, both intracellular and extracellular protein contents of LNCap and DU145 were decreased to some extent. And the intracellular proteins were decreased by 5% in LNCap and by 36% in DU145 respectively, while the extracellular proteins were decreased by 89% in LNCap and 96% in DU145 respectively. SELDI assay revealed that there were 5 marker proteins in LNCap and 6 in DU145. Although both LNCap and DU145 cell lines originated from human prostate cancer, they had some differences in protein expression.展开更多
Objective:Research suggests that caregivers of children with asthma experience a substantial amount of stress,though no comprehensive study examines this problem.Here we both quantitatively and qualitatively examined ...Objective:Research suggests that caregivers of children with asthma experience a substantial amount of stress,though no comprehensive study examines this problem.Here we both quantitatively and qualitatively examined the burden on caregivers of children with asthma.Methods:Surveys were administered to 138 caregivers of asthmatic children by convenience sampling.The Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview(ZBI)was used to assess the degree of caregiver burden.In addition,13 qualitative semi-structured interviews were carried out via purposive sampling and were used to explore the perception of caregivers.SPSS and content analysis were used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data,respectively.Results:We found that caregiver burden(mean=31.56±14.19)ranged from 24%with no or mild burden,52%with mild to moderate burden,22%with moderate to severe burden and 2%with very severe burden.Caregiver burden was also assessed as 5 different dimensions.Selfcriticism ranked most burdensome(2.09±1.05),followed by sacrifice(1.57±0.94),embarrassment/anger(1.30±0.80),dependency(1.21±0.77),and lastly,loss of control(1.20±0.84).The highest individually scored item on the ZBI was“fear of the future of the relative”(mean=3.04).Interviews of caregiver burden were summarized into three main themes,namely:1)life is too chaotic;2)negative emotions;and 3)gaps in themedical support system.Conclusions:These findings expand our understanding about the burden caregivers of children with asthma face,and may help to propose targeted strategies to help caregivers adapt to their roles,and maintain and promote the health of themselves and their families.展开更多
Objective To study the feasibility of enforcing immunization certificate check before children enroll in primary schools or kindergartens in Guizhou Province. Methods Quantitative and qualitative studies were conducte...Objective To study the feasibility of enforcing immunization certificate check before children enroll in primary schools or kindergartens in Guizhou Province. Methods Quantitative and qualitative studies were conducted. The multi-stage and cluster sampling approach was adopted for the quantitative part of the study. A questionnaire was designed and 996 children and their keepers were interviewed. Principals, doctors or teachers of the primary schools, directors and child care nurses of kindergarten, and staff of immunization agencies were invited to take part in 12 focus group discussions; meanwhile, face-to-face individual in-depth interviews with 16 officials of the Health, Education and Governmental Departments at various levels were conducted. Results The total number of subjects was 996. 16.7% of the children in the study completed all the procedures of the National Immunization Programme. 34.3% of them had immunization certificates while the remainder 44.7% registered in immunization agencies. Factors, including the migrant children, doubt about vaccine efficiency, mother’s occupation and educational background, knowledge of the National Immunization Programme on targeted vaccines, played an important role in obtaining or not immunization certificates. 95% of the keepers interviewed thought the immunization certificates were useful; 94.8% of them considered the check was critical while only 3.6% of them thought it unnecessary. The first reason from those who found it unnecessary was that they feared that repeated immunization might affect their children’s health. The second reason was the cost of immunization, which some of them could not afford to pay. However, the Health Department expressed a favorable attitude to the checking scheme. Though the Education Department agreed that the scheme was essential, they worried that it would affect the enrollment rate.Conclusion In spite of the difficulty in administering immunization certificate check, the effort would be rewarding for raising the immunization coverage rate among the children in Guizhou Province.展开更多
The phytoplankton communities and related physical-chemical features of the Euphrates River at its middle region inside Iraqi territory were studied during the study period from October 2011 to September 2012. Samples...The phytoplankton communities and related physical-chemical features of the Euphrates River at its middle region inside Iraqi territory were studied during the study period from October 2011 to September 2012. Samples were taken from Al-Musayab district extending to Al-Hindia district. The phytoplankton community (quantitative, qualitative and Chlorophyll-a) have been studied, in addition to many environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, electric conductivity (EC), Salinity (‰), TDS, TSS, dissolved oxygen, BOD5. A total of 105 phytoplankton taxa belonging to Bacillariophyta (69), Chlorophyta (19), Cynophyta (12), Euglenophyta (3), and Dinophyta (2) were recorded within the present study period. Some algal genera dominated mostly in the study period and sites such as Scendesmus, Melosira, Cymbella, Diatoma, Navicula, Nitiazschia and Syndera. A statistical analysis was done using the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA).展开更多
采用顶空固相微萃取(headspace solid phase microextraction,HS-SPME)和气相色谱与质谱联用技术(gas chromatography with mass spectrometry,GC-MS)分析皇冠梨中梨皮、梨肉、梨汁中的香气成分。结果表明:共鉴定出香气成分56种,3个样...采用顶空固相微萃取(headspace solid phase microextraction,HS-SPME)和气相色谱与质谱联用技术(gas chromatography with mass spectrometry,GC-MS)分析皇冠梨中梨皮、梨肉、梨汁中的香气成分。结果表明:共鉴定出香气成分56种,3个样品中均含有酯类物质,其中果皮中最多,果肉居中,果汁最少,分别占香气物质的27.21%、9.63%、0.19%。除此之外还含有正己醛、反式-2-己烯醛、壬醛,且总量分别占果肉样及果汁样中香气物质的4.50%、52.20%,甲基庚烯酮占果皮样及果肉样中香气物质的0.42%、1.48%。其中反式-2-己烯醛具有新鲜的绿叶香味;甲基庚烯酮具有水果香气和新鲜清香香气;壬醛具有玫瑰、柑橘等香气、青味、油脂味;癸醛稀薄时具有果味香,使得皇冠梨具备了独特的怡人风味。此外,皇冠梨果皮中香气成分较为丰富,共检测出33种,其中特有成分14余种,因此,建议在加工皇冠梨果汁、果脯、罐头等产品时,尽量保留果皮,以保留产品独特香气。皇冠梨肉样中检测出香气成分16种,皇冠梨汁样中检测出的香气成分18种,其中特有成分共近20种,适宜加工生产果汁、罐头产品。展开更多
文摘The differences in intracellular and extracellular protein expressions between human prostate cancer lines LNCap and DU145 were examined, The proteins of the two cell lines were extracted and condensed by using protein extraction kits. And the intracellular and extracellular proteins were quantitatively detected on a micro-plate reader by using bicinchoninic acid （BCA） method. The proteins in cell culture fluid were qualitatively assayed by SELDI-TOF-MS, The results showed that the intracellular protein contents of LNCap cells were extremely higher than those of DU145 cells. After serum-free culture, both intracellular and extracellular protein contents of LNCap and DU145 were decreased to some extent. And the intracellular proteins were decreased by 5% in LNCap and by 36% in DU145 respectively, while the extracellular proteins were decreased by 89% in LNCap and 96% in DU145 respectively. SELDI assay revealed that there were 5 marker proteins in LNCap and 6 in DU145. Although both LNCap and DU145 cell lines originated from human prostate cancer, they had some differences in protein expression.
基金Funding was provided for this manuscript:We receive the fund of Science and technology department of Guangdong province,NO.2014A020212366.
文摘Objective:Research suggests that caregivers of children with asthma experience a substantial amount of stress,though no comprehensive study examines this problem.Here we both quantitatively and qualitatively examined the burden on caregivers of children with asthma.Methods:Surveys were administered to 138 caregivers of asthmatic children by convenience sampling.The Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview(ZBI)was used to assess the degree of caregiver burden.In addition,13 qualitative semi-structured interviews were carried out via purposive sampling and were used to explore the perception of caregivers.SPSS and content analysis were used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data,respectively.Results:We found that caregiver burden(mean=31.56±14.19)ranged from 24%with no or mild burden,52%with mild to moderate burden,22%with moderate to severe burden and 2%with very severe burden.Caregiver burden was also assessed as 5 different dimensions.Selfcriticism ranked most burdensome(2.09±1.05),followed by sacrifice(1.57±0.94),embarrassment/anger(1.30±0.80),dependency(1.21±0.77),and lastly,loss of control(1.20±0.84).The highest individually scored item on the ZBI was“fear of the future of the relative”(mean=3.04).Interviews of caregiver burden were summarized into three main themes,namely:1)life is too chaotic;2)negative emotions;and 3)gaps in themedical support system.Conclusions:These findings expand our understanding about the burden caregivers of children with asthma face,and may help to propose targeted strategies to help caregivers adapt to their roles,and maintain and promote the health of themselves and their families.
文摘Objective To study the feasibility of enforcing immunization certificate check before children enroll in primary schools or kindergartens in Guizhou Province. Methods Quantitative and qualitative studies were conducted. The multi-stage and cluster sampling approach was adopted for the quantitative part of the study. A questionnaire was designed and 996 children and their keepers were interviewed. Principals, doctors or teachers of the primary schools, directors and child care nurses of kindergarten, and staff of immunization agencies were invited to take part in 12 focus group discussions; meanwhile, face-to-face individual in-depth interviews with 16 officials of the Health, Education and Governmental Departments at various levels were conducted. Results The total number of subjects was 996. 16.7% of the children in the study completed all the procedures of the National Immunization Programme. 34.3% of them had immunization certificates while the remainder 44.7% registered in immunization agencies. Factors, including the migrant children, doubt about vaccine efficiency, mother’s occupation and educational background, knowledge of the National Immunization Programme on targeted vaccines, played an important role in obtaining or not immunization certificates. 95% of the keepers interviewed thought the immunization certificates were useful; 94.8% of them considered the check was critical while only 3.6% of them thought it unnecessary. The first reason from those who found it unnecessary was that they feared that repeated immunization might affect their children’s health. The second reason was the cost of immunization, which some of them could not afford to pay. However, the Health Department expressed a favorable attitude to the checking scheme. Though the Education Department agreed that the scheme was essential, they worried that it would affect the enrollment rate.Conclusion In spite of the difficulty in administering immunization certificate check, the effort would be rewarding for raising the immunization coverage rate among the children in Guizhou Province.
文摘The phytoplankton communities and related physical-chemical features of the Euphrates River at its middle region inside Iraqi territory were studied during the study period from October 2011 to September 2012. Samples were taken from Al-Musayab district extending to Al-Hindia district. The phytoplankton community (quantitative, qualitative and Chlorophyll-a) have been studied, in addition to many environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, electric conductivity (EC), Salinity (‰), TDS, TSS, dissolved oxygen, BOD5. A total of 105 phytoplankton taxa belonging to Bacillariophyta (69), Chlorophyta (19), Cynophyta (12), Euglenophyta (3), and Dinophyta (2) were recorded within the present study period. Some algal genera dominated mostly in the study period and sites such as Scendesmus, Melosira, Cymbella, Diatoma, Navicula, Nitiazschia and Syndera. A statistical analysis was done using the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA).
文摘采用顶空固相微萃取(headspace solid phase microextraction,HS-SPME)和气相色谱与质谱联用技术(gas chromatography with mass spectrometry,GC-MS)分析皇冠梨中梨皮、梨肉、梨汁中的香气成分。结果表明:共鉴定出香气成分56种,3个样品中均含有酯类物质,其中果皮中最多,果肉居中,果汁最少,分别占香气物质的27.21%、9.63%、0.19%。除此之外还含有正己醛、反式-2-己烯醛、壬醛,且总量分别占果肉样及果汁样中香气物质的4.50%、52.20%,甲基庚烯酮占果皮样及果肉样中香气物质的0.42%、1.48%。其中反式-2-己烯醛具有新鲜的绿叶香味;甲基庚烯酮具有水果香气和新鲜清香香气;壬醛具有玫瑰、柑橘等香气、青味、油脂味;癸醛稀薄时具有果味香,使得皇冠梨具备了独特的怡人风味。此外,皇冠梨果皮中香气成分较为丰富,共检测出33种,其中特有成分14余种,因此,建议在加工皇冠梨果汁、果脯、罐头等产品时,尽量保留果皮,以保留产品独特香气。皇冠梨肉样中检测出香气成分16种,皇冠梨汁样中检测出的香气成分18种,其中特有成分共近20种,适宜加工生产果汁、罐头产品。
