Numerical Simulation of Residual Circulation due to Bottom Roughness Variability Under Tidal Flows in A Semi-Enclosed Bay

Nowadays there are some chronic serious environmental problems, such as eutrophication, blue tide and so on, in a complicated coastal zone or a semi-enclosed bay, because the water exchanges between an inner bay and an outer sea is weak compared with the supply of contaminant. Under this situation, a method to improve the water quality by 3-dimensional small unsymmetrical structures has been proposed by Komatsu et al. In this paper, several numerical simulations of the tidal current and concentration for various arrangements of bottom roughness in a semi-enclosed model bay are carfled out with a depth-averaged 2-D numerical model. The model is solved by the hybrid finite analytic method with nonstaggered grid. And the SIMPLES algorithm with Rhie and Chow＇ s momentum interpolation technique is used for the simulation. The effect of Komatsu＇ s method for water purification is examined by numerical simulation. The result of numerical experiment indicates that it is possible to generate a new tidal residual current and to activate a tidal exchange by bottom roughness arrangement only.

Semi-enclosed experimental system for coal spontaneous combustion for determining regional distribution of high-temperature zone of coal fire

Temperature variation and gas generation at diferent depths and positions in the coal combustion process were studied to determine the propagation and evolution of high temperature regions in the process of coal spontaneous combustion.This study selected coal samples from Mengcun,Shaanxi Province,People’s Republic of China,and developed a semi-enclosed experimental system(furnace)for simulating coal combustion.The thermal mass loss of coal samples under various heating rates(5,10,and 15℃/min)was analyzed through thermogravimetric analysis,and the dynamic characteristics of the coal samples were analyzed;the reliability of the semi-enclosed experimental system was verifed through the equal proportional method of fuzzy response.The results reveal that the high-temperature zone is distributed nonlinearly from the middle to the front end of the furnace,and the temperatures of points in this zone decreased gradually as the layer depth increased.The apparent activation energy of the coal samples during combustion frst increased and then decreased as the conversion degree increased.Furthermore,the proportion of mass loss and the mass loss rate in the coal samples observed in the thermogravimetric experiment is consistent with that observed in the frst and second stages of the experiment conducted using the semi-enclosed system.The research fndings can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of hightemperature zones in coal combustion.

Numerical Investigations on Harbor Oscillations Induced by Falling Objects

In this paper,the open-sourced computational fluid dynamics software,OpenFOAM~?,is used to study the fluctuation phenomenon of the water body inside a horizontally one-dimensional enclosed harbor basin with constant water depth triggered by falling wedges with various horizontal falling positions,initial falling velocities and masses.Based on both Fourier transfo rm analysis and wavelet spectrum analysis for the time series of the free surface elevations inside the harbor basin,it is found for the first time that the wedge falling inside the harbor can directly trigger harbor resonance.The influences of the three factors(including the horizontal falling position,the initial falling velocity,and the mass)on the response amplitudes of the lowest three resonant modes are also investigated.The results show that when the wedge falls on one of the nodal points of a resonant mode,the mode would be remarkably suppressed.Conversely,when the wedge falls on one of the anti-nodal points of a resonant mode,the mode would be evidently triggered.The initial falling velocity of the wedge mainly has a remarkable effect on the response amplitude of the most significant mode,and the latter shows a gradual increase trend with the increase of the former.While for the other two less significant modes,their response amplitudes fluctuate around certain constant values as the initial falling velocity rises.In general,the response amplitudes of all the lowest three modes are shown to gradually increase with the mass of the wedge.

The collagen type Ⅰ alpha 1 chain gene is an alternative safe harbor locus in the porcine genome

Efficient and stable expression of foreign genes in cells and transgenic animals is important for gain-of-function studies and the establishment of bioreactors.Safe harbor loci in the animal genome enable consistent overexpression of foreign genes,without side effects.However,relatively few safe harbor loci are available in pigs,a fact which has impeded the development of multi-transgenic pig research.We report a strategy for efficient transgene knock-in in the endogenous collagen type I alpha 1 chain(COL1A1)gene using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9(CRISPR/Cas9)system.After the knock-in of a 2A peptide-green fluorescence protein(2A-GFP)transgene in the last codon of COL1A1 in multiple porcine cells,including porcine kidney epithelial(PK15),porcine embryonic fibroblast(PEF)and porcine intestinal epithelial(IPI-2I)cells,quantitative PCR(qPCR),Western blotting,RNA-seq and CCK8 assay were performed to assess the safety of COL1A1 locus.The qPCR results showed that the GFP knock-in had no effect(P=0.29,P=0.66 and P=0.20 for PK15,PEF and IPI-2I cells,respectively)on the mRNA expression of COL1A1 gene.Similarly,no significant differences(P=0.64,P=0.48 and P=0.80 for PK15,PEF and IPI-2I cells,respectively)were found between the GFP knock-in and wild type cells by Western blotting.RNA-seq results revealed that the transcriptome of GFP knock-in PEF cells had a significant positive correlation(P<2.2e–16)with that of the wild type cells,indicating that the GFP knock-in did not alter the global expression of endogenous genes.Furthermore,the CCK8 assay showed that the GFP knock-in events had no adverse effects(P_(24)h=0.31,P_(48)h=0.96,P_(72)h=0.24,P_(96)h=0.17,and P_(120)h=0.38)on cell proliferation of PK15 cells.These results indicate that the COL1A1 locus can be used as a safe harbor for foreign genes knock-in into the pig genome and can be broadly applied to farm animal breeding and biomedical model establishment.

Investigation of wave characteristics in a semi-enclosed bay based on SWAN model validated with buoys and ADP-observed currents

In this study, the simulating waves nearshore (SWAN) model with a locally refined curvilinear grid system was constructed to simulate waves in Jervis Bay and the neighbouring ocean of Australia, with the aim of examining the wave characteristics in an area with special topography and practical importance. This model was verified by field observations from buoys and acoustic Doppler profilers (ADPs). The model precisions were validated for both wind-generated waves and open-ocean swells. We present an approach with which to convert ADP-observed current data from near the bottom into the significant wave height. Our approach is deduced from the Fourier transform technique and the linear wave theory. The results illustrate that the location of the bay entrance is important because it allows the swells in the dominant direction to propagate into the bay despite the narrowness of the bay entrance. The wave period T p is also strongly related to the wave direction in the semi-enclosed bay. The Tp is great enough along the entire propagating direction from the bay entrance to the top of the bay, and the largest Tp appears along the north-west coast, which is the end tip of the swells’ propagation.

Mathematical Modeling of Moored Ship Motion in Arbitrary Harbor utilizing the Porous Breakwater

The motion of the moored ship in the harbor is a classical hydrodynamics problem that still faces many challenges in naval operations,such as cargo transfer and ship pairings between a big transport ship and some small ships.A mathematical model is presented based on the Laplace equation utilizing the porous breakwater to investigate the moored ship motion in a partially absorbing/reflecting harbor.The motion of the moored ship is described with the hydrodynamic forces along the rotational motion(roll,pitch,and yaw)and translational motion(surge,sway,and heave).The efficiency of the numerical method is verified by comparing it with the analytical study of Yu and Chwang(1994)for the porous breakwater,and the moored ship motion is compared with the theoretical and experimental data obtained by Yoo(1998)and Takagi et al.(1993).Further,the current numerical scheme is implemented on the realistic Visakhapatnam Fishing port,India,in order to analyze the hydrodynamic forces on moored ship motion under resonance conditions.The model incorporates some essential strategies such as adding a porous breakwater and utilizing the wave absorber to reduce the port’s resonance.It has been observed that these tactics have a significant impact on the resonance inside the port for safe maritime navigation.Therefore,the current numerical model provides an efficient tool to reduce the resonance within the arbitrarily shaped ports for secure anchoring.

“避风港”规则的实践困境与完善路径

“避风港”规则是判定网络侵权责任的重要规则之一,在互联网发展早期较好地平衡了权利保护与产业发展的关系。但随着新技术新业态的快速发展,“避风港”规则在新技术环境下面临着一系列实践困境:网络内容分享平台驶入“避风港”的条件不明确,对特定侵权内容的通知处置难以遏制重复侵权,公法审查义务可能会架空“避风港”规则的适用。摆脱这些困境,就应该在《民法典》解释论框架下,合理划定新技术环境下平台应尽的注意义务,适当扩展解释“必要措施”以遏制重复侵权,澄清私法注意义务与公法审查义务的关系。

论短视频版权侵权行为中平台责任的认定

长视频版权方与短视频平台之间的矛盾是愈演愈烈的长短视频之争中需要首先解决的问题,短视频版权侵权行为中平台责任的认定亟须得到明确。合理使用情形的排除是平台担责的前提,重点是对“适当引用”条款的理解,应通过非实质性引用和比例原则检验引用是否适当。避风港规则是判断平台是否被归责的标准,红旗原则是排除避风港规则适用的例外。平台对用户上传内容的实质审查义务取决于平台对内容的版权性接触事实或接触可能,但平台对内容的合规审查义务并不必然触发其对内容版权合法性的审查义务。提供网络服务的类型是平台担责的基础,平台身份越靠近网络中介服务提供者,越有可能通过避风港规则免责;反之,平台身份越靠近网络内容提供者,越难以通过避风港规则免责。

气候风险视阈下上市公司高管合规义务新探

ESG运动背景下气候变化的复杂性及不确定性带来前所未有的风险和挑战,气候诉讼使得气候侵权责任救济及上市公司信披合规与监管问题愈加凸显。为此,通过聚焦气候变化引发的治理风险及高管气候合规义务扩展的困局分析,提出如下解决之道:(1)基于私法分配正义理论,合理切分“牺牲责任的边界”,将公司法信义义务一般条款适当延伸,形成“忠实+勤勉+ESG合规”义务三元化的制度框架。(2)气候信息披露规范化方面不宜“一刀切”,披露主体方面可根据不同行业不同市值规模企业予以差异化配置,即针对碳排放达到一定域值和达到一定市值的上市公司予以强制性规范配置,为高管合规经营提供刚性标尺;针对中小型上市企业气候信披仍以倡导性、自愿性规范配置为主;披露内容上应从注重企业对环境产生的影响转向对企业可持续发展影响,可借鉴财务披露的重大性标准完善非财务性信息披露规则,完善双重重要性原则;披露实施机制方面注重发挥软法“遵守与解释”模式的优势(完善市场声誉惩戒机制)。(3)为加强“漂绿”行为监管,应完善“漂绿”行为的定义和问责标准,现阶段仍以配置适度的行政责任和高管职业保险机制为应对气候风险之上策。(4)为激励公司治理绿色转型,应在公司法绿色条款的硬法体系建设基础上加强ESG合规之规的软法供给,譬如可设立本土化的“安全港规则”,以为司法豁免/减免高管责任裁判提供参佐。

面向东盟的数字经济合作:中国广西的实践成效与发展路径

中国与东盟国家间的数字经济合作日益活跃,数字经济业已成为中国与东盟区域合作的重要领域。作为中国面向东盟开放合作的前沿和窗口,广西充分发挥区位优势,以中国-东盟信息港建设为支点,深入推进面向东盟的数字化建设,不断加强与东盟国家在数字基础设施、应用场景、数字金融和数字平台、数字贸易等方面的合作,取得了显著成效。然而,由于广西数字经济发展存在短板,东盟国家间存在“数字鸿沟”,各国合作标准和规则不成熟等问题突出,给广西面向东盟深层次开展数字经济合作带来严峻挑战。伴随着共建“一带一路”倡议在东盟稳步推进,数字经济已成为驱动中国-东盟“数字丝绸之路”建设的重要引擎,为双方合作带来了新的机遇。未来,中国广西可从持续夯实面向东盟的产业根基、探索与建立跨境跨省协调机制、加强数字经贸合作与文化交流、深化数字人才培养与合作等方面着力,推动面向东盟的数字经济合作行稳致远。

毒品洗钱犯罪的立法竞合及其完善

由于行为类型的立法设定原因,我国毒品洗钱犯罪与相关犯罪会产生多重法律竞合关系,包括与运输毒品罪等上游犯罪的法律竞合,与非法持有毒品罪等毒品犯罪的平行竞合,与掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得、犯罪所得收益罪,洗钱罪的下位竞合。这种法律竞合关系,多数属于交叉式竞合关系,个别属于包容式竞合关系。对毒品洗钱犯罪与相关犯罪的法律竞合采取绝对的重法优于轻法原则,极大地压缩了毒品洗钱犯罪的存在空间。未来,我国应当从立法上取消《中华人民共和国刑法》第349条的毒品洗钱犯罪。

Floating-Harbor综合征1例并文献复习

Floating-Harbor综合征(FHS)是由于SRCAP基因突变引起的常染色体显性遗传病。该文报道1例FHS患儿的临床特点。患儿为11岁7个月的男孩,因发现身材矮小8年余就诊。患儿表现为特殊面部特征(三角脸、嘴唇薄、长睫毛)、骨骼畸形(手指弯曲)、语言表达障碍、骨龄落后。基因检测显示SRCAP基因存在新发c.7330C>T(p.R2444X)杂合突变。根据患儿特征性的临床表现及基因检测结果,患儿确诊为FHS。FHS临床罕见,容易漏诊及误诊,基因检测分析有助于FHS患儿的临床诊断。

Obituary:Prof.Yun Zhang(1963-2023)-A scientist focused on toxins and their underlying mechanisms to decipher human diseases

Prof.Yun Zhang was born on 9 July 1963 in Kunming,Yunnan,China,during a tumultuous period which he often referenced.Throughout his life,he harbored a steadfast belief in using knowledge to unravel the mysteries of human diseases.His educational journey was marked by frequent changes in schools due to his parents’occupational relocations.However,despite these challenges,he consistently displayed diligence and was admitted to the East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai,after completing high school in 1980.He remained an active and loyal member of the School of Biotechnology at the university.

基于Harbor实现Docker私有仓库搭建的研究

随着Docker容器技术的广泛应用,基于安全角度考虑,越来越多的企业需要搭建自己的Docker私有仓库,以方便对私有镜像的管理。Docker私有仓库的搭建可采用Registry和Harbor两种方式。在对比两种搭建方式的基础上,主要对Harbor的整体架构和实现过程进行介绍,并应用案例加以实现。

数字平台“守门人”引入问题研究

数字平台治理规则滞后已经成为了国民经济发展中的重要问题。我国现有数字平台的规则,主要表现为私法和竞争法两条路径,无法同时满足消费者权益保护和中小企业竞争两方面要求。引入数字平台守门人制度,符合纠正竞争政策失灵、强化公平竞争理念与大国竞争策略。中国在构建“数字守门人”时,应该依据数字市场的客观运行规律建立程序性问责体系,同时对于违法守门人要追究连带责任,从而保护消费者与中小竞争者的合法权益。

新工科背景下“港口水工建筑物”课程改革探索

新工科教育是一种新型工程教育模式。新工科背景下复合型人才的培养,对于全面推动新时期工业转型升级和高等教育系统供给侧结构性改革尤为重要。“港口水工建筑物”课程改革探索,在教学内容上重构基础知识框架、新增新型水工建筑物工程案例、引入科学研究方法和设计理论;在教学方式上通过课堂主题报告与研讨、科创设计等方式锻炼学生的实践能力。“港口水工建筑物”课程改革旨在提升学生的综合能力与创新能力,解决传统教学模式与行业需求脱节的问题。

基于国内外规范计算兼具航道功能狭长港池宽度设计

合理确定港池水域布置对狭长港池类港口升级改造项目成本控制和保障后期安全运营至关重要。根据欧美规范与中国规范关于兼有航道功能的狭长港池宽度设计影响因素与取值方法的对比分析,归纳不同规范的差异性与适用性,提出了中国规范设计时应增加考虑的因素,并给出了海外类似工程的设计建议。通过典型工程实例对设计计算加以说明,并结合船舶操纵模拟试验对狭长港池设计方案合理性加以论证和优化,对海外港池水域尺度的确定及拓宽国内海港工程港池尺度设计思路具有借鉴意义。

光复初期台湾地区海港检疫的重建及其困境探析

抗日战争胜利后,台湾省政当局重建了一套海港检疫管理体系。台湾省行政长官公署新成立台湾地区检疫总所,作为统一管理台湾地区港口和航空检疫的机构,下设十几个检疫所。由于受到地方政治波动的影响,检疫所的管辖权在三年时间内几经转移,影响了业务的开展。检疫所与港务局之间的关系错综复杂,对检疫工作也有一定的影响。台湾地区检疫总所所长因腐败违法,更直接导致检疫总所被撤销。在光复后台湾地区海港检疫工作量和难度均大为增加的情况下,受种种因素影响,台湾地区的海港检疫举步维艰,难以达到有效防疫的作用。台湾地区光复后重建的海港检疫虽自成体系,但因检疫部门与港务系统以及卫生部门之间的协调合作存在诸多问题,卫生行政的责任逻辑尚未厘清,致使卫生防疫缺乏系统支持而成效不彰。

论通知规则在生成式人工智能侵权中的适用

通知规则是归责条款,而非免责条款。这决定了通知规则可以直接适用于生成式人工智能侵权,而非类推适用。反通知在生成式人工智能侵权中的缺失不足以成为否定通知规则可适用性的充分理由。通知中“准确定位侵权内容的信息”可通过对话记录和截图的方式提供,且通知人可以不是权利人。传统通知规则中的“必要措施”在生成式人工智能侵权中发生了诸多变化,包括直接避免损害扩大的措施从处理已发生的侵权转变为预防侵权再次发生,警示性措施从警示实施了侵权行为的网络用户转变为警示生成式人工智能使用者,担保性措施无法适用、限制乃至停止提供服务的措施从针对网络用户转变为针对诱发致害内容生成的使用者。生成式人工智能服务提供者在收到通知后负有避免致害内容再次生成的义务,但该义务的边界须根据个案中的具体商业模式、人工智能技术发展状况等因素综合判断,且应有期限限制。在致害内容无法再次生成时,服务提供者负有告知义务。

Hydrodynamic Simulation of the Pagasitikos Gulf, Greece

Semi-enclosed sea basins have difficulty in recharging their waters due to limited communication with larger water bodies, with understandable consequences for their environmental status. This paper aims at the computational simulation of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the waters of the Pagasitikos Gulf (Greece), which has limited communication and water exchange with the Aegean Sea and is subject to intense environmental pressures The Estuary, Lake & Coastal Ocean 3d hydrodynamic Model (ELCOM 2.2) combined with its later version Aquatic Ecosystem Model-3d (AEM3D) were used for the simulation. The simulation included the topography of the area, the bay’s bottom geometry, atmospheric loadings, tides, the influence of the Coriolis force and boundary conditions. The hydrodynamic behaviour of the bay, water circulation, velocities at the surface and in depth, water recharge and residence time throughout the bay, density variation and other factors were examined to determine the impact of all these on the aquatic ecosystem.