THE OCCURRENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS FORMING GREEN SHOOT CUTTING OF LARIX OLGENSIS

The experiment with the green shoot cutting propagation of Larix olgensis was made in the Maoer Mountain Forestry Farm on July 5, 1990. After the callus formed of the cutting base before adventitious roots came out the materials were collected from the cutting base and fixed in FAA solution. By the paraffin sections and anatomical observatio-n. the results indicted that it needed 40 days from the cutting to the rooting. The induced primordium of the cutting was endogenous in origin, which came from : (1) vascular cambium of the callus, and became roots; (2) meristematic cell population in the intersect between the cambium and xylem ray of the cutting base. There were extruding, crushing process and enzymolysis when the adventitious roots broke through the outer layers in two rooting types.

Vegetative propagation of Dalbergia sissoo:effect of growth regulators,length,position of shoot and type of cuttings on rooting potential in stem cuttings

The effect of auxins （IAA or IBA at 100, 200, 500 mg.L J） on rooting and sprouting parameters differed significantly （p 〈 0.05）. Rooting and sprouting percentages were higher in some treatments while other parameters were significantly higher in other treatments. The results of the present study revealed that rooting was significantly （p 〈 0.05） affected by the length of cuttings, as well as the position of shoots and type of cuttings. On average, 86.0 per cent rooting was observed in the 30-cm long cuttings com- pared to the other two lengths of cuttings, i.e., 20 and 25 cm, irrespective of any auxin treatment. In a control set, without any auxin treatment, a maximum of 60.0% rooting was recorded in the 30-cm long cuttings and a minimum of 40.0% of the cuttings rooted in the 20-cm long cuttings. Similarly, cuttings collected from the lower and upper portions of shoots resulted in 72.5 and 52.5 per cent rooting respectively, irrespective of auxin treatments. Maximum rooting was observed in the lower portion （40.0%） of cutting com- pared to the upper portion （30.0%） in the control set without auxin treatment. Leafless branches produced maximum （72.0%） rooting compared to the leafy cuttings （35.0%）, irrespective of the auxin treatment. The leafy cuttings produces a minimum of 15.0% sprout- ing and rooting in the control set.

Cutting Propagation Test of Shoots of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn

In order to solve the problem of rapid propagation of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn seedlings, research on the cutting propagation of S. mukorossi Gaertn was conducted. The results showed that the rooting rate of cuttings of the ten clones ranged from 30.9% to 83.0%. Among them, the rooting rate of cuttings of clones SM01 and SM06 was higher than that of other clones, and there were significant differences between different clones in the rooting rate of cuttings. The rooting rate of the semi-lignified shoots having two leaves could be improved significantly. The treatment of the cuttings by GGR6 solutions had significant effects on their rooting rate.

Effects of cutting types and hormonal concentration on vegetative propagation of Zanthoxylum armatum in Garhwal Himalaya,India

Experiments were carried out to define the effects of hormonal concentrations on semi-hard wood（SHW） and hard-wood（HW） branch cuttings of the Z.armatum. SHW and HW cuttings were collected in the month of March. The SHW and HW cuttings were treated with different concentration of indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid（IAA and IBA） and placed in vermiculite rooting medium for 90 days under 1-min misting after 10 min. Sprouting, rooting percentage, sprout number, sprout length, root number, and length were measured.The highest rooting and sprouting rate, 64.0 %, was obtained at the 0.3 % IBA treatment in the SHW cuttings.Similarly sprout length and number of roots per cutting were also higher at the 0.3 % IBA treatment in the SHW cuttings. The number of shoots per cutting was higher at the 0.3 % IAA treatment in the SHW cuttings. Root length per cutting was higher in 0.4 % IBA treatment in the SHW cuttings. The results indicated that 0.3 and 0.4 % IBA treatment produce higher rooting percentages as well as the number of roots and their length in SHW cuttings. The HW cuttings produced maximum rate of 18.0 % rooting in0.5 % IBA treatment. The control set and lower concentrations of IBA and IAA completely failed to root in the mist chamber.

Propagation Experiment of Twig Segmentation Cutting of Rosa damascene Mill.

Five different parts of Rosa damascene Mill. twigs were treated with hormone solution （50 mg/L NAA＋100 mg/L IBA） and planted in base material. After 50 d of growth, the survival rate and rooting condition were investigated. The results showed that the survival rate from 5 different parts of cutting stem decreased from top to bottom （upper 98.22%, middle and upper 95.12%, middle 91.10%, middle and lower 72.90%, lower 71.12%）. The same results were also observed in the number, total length and fresh weight of secondary roots of cutting segments from different parts of twigs.

取穗部位及插穗规格对树参扦插生根效果的影响

为了解取穗部位和插穗规格对树参扦插生根效果的影响,以无病虫害且生长健壮的当年树参硬枝为试验材料,开展了不同取穗部位(上部、中部、下部)、插穗长度(7~10、11~15、16~20 cm)和插穗粗度(0.2~0.4、0.4~0.7、0.7~1.0 cm)的硬枝扦插试验。结果表明:上部插穗效果最优,生根率为94.0%,≥5 cmⅠ级侧根数7.8条,抽梢率98.3%;中部插穗的效果次之;下部插穗的效果最差。插穗长度以11~15 cm效果最优,生根率为92.7%,≥5 cmⅠ级侧根数7.0条,抽梢率98.0%;7~10 cm插穗的效果次之;16~20 cm插穗的效果最差。插穗粗度以0.7~1.0 cm最优,生根率为93.3%,≥5 cmⅠ级侧根数6.8条,抽梢率为98.7%;0.4~0.7 cm粗度的效果次之;0.2~0.4 cm粗度的效果最差。

狭叶薰衣草嫩枝生根的解剖结构变化及生理响应机制

通过L16(44)嫩枝扦插正交试验,确定狭叶薰衣草最优扩繁条件组合;并通过解剖学及生理学研究,揭示狭叶薰衣草嫩枝生根的解剖结构变化及生理响应机制。结果表明:狭叶薰衣草嫩枝扦插优化扩繁条件最优水平组合为A_(3)B_(1)C_(2)D_(3)(即基质配比为珍珠岩/草炭土6∶4,插穗采枝条顶部,插穗长度为10 cm,生根粉浓度为1000 mg/kg,成团率为100%,出圃时间为19 d);插穗部位是对成团率影响最大的因素,生根类型为诱生根原基、生根方式属混合型生根,且愈伤组织的形成与不定根的产生彼此独立;可溶性蛋白质、MDA和SOD间均存在显著相关或极显著相关,POD同SOD、MDA间存在显著相关。植物扦插扩繁的生根效果与是否存在潜伏根原基并无必然联系,而取决于其茎部结构特征等生物学特性和营养物质在逆境胁迫下对植物酶保护系统活性及MDA含量动态变化的响应机制。

皆伐对阔叶林中毛竹扩张的影响研究

毛竹是乔木状禾本科植物,具有强大的克隆繁衍和空间扩展能力。开展毛竹皆伐是毛竹扩张地修复的一种方式。本研究通过监测毛竹皆伐后的各生长因子发现,在皆伐强度经营措施下,毛竹在阔叶林中能续存3年左右,此后基本没有新竹存活;毛竹立竹度、产笋量、新竹数都是逐年降低,直至为0;死笋率逐年增加,直至全部死亡;胸径和株高也逐年降低。因此,毛竹的皆伐措施是一种比较有效的毛竹扩张防控措施,有利于对被扩张林地林分的保护与重建。

红花荷嫩枝扦插技术研究

为筛选出多年生红花荷嫩枝扦插繁育的适宜方法,本研究采用L9(34)正交试验设计方法,对插条消毒方法、叶面施肥方法进行扦插试验。结果表明:生根率最高的是处理4(500 mg·L^(-1)多菌灵消毒,不喷施叶面肥);SPAD值最高的是处理8(0.1%高锰酸钾消毒,喷施尿素);处理6(500 mg·L^(-1)多菌灵消毒,喷施磷酸二氢钾)的生根数量最多。方差分析结果表明,消毒方式对存活率及生根率影响最显著,叶面施肥方法对生根率、生根数量和叶绿素含量的影响达到显著水平。因此,试验前用500 mg·L^(-1)多菌灵消毒20 min,消毒后扦插前采用200 mg·L^(-1) NAA溶液浸泡红花荷插条2 h,扦插后不施肥更有利于红花荷嫩枝扦插生根。

两种椴树嫩枝扦插生根的解剖学研究

对糠椴、蒙椴嫩枝扦插生根过程中不定根的发生发育进行了解剖学研究 ,结果表明 :两种椴树插条内未见潜伏根原基 ,属诱生根原基生根型。糠椴的诱生根原基产生于维管形成层、愈伤组织 ,为较难生根树种 ;蒙椴的诱生根原基产生于髓射线与皮层交界处、维管形成层、愈伤组织 ,为较易生根树种。愈伤生根为两种椴树的主要生根形式。

长白落叶松嫩枝扦插生根的解剖研究

1990年7月5日在帽儿山实验林场进行了长白落叶松嫩枝扦插试验,在插穗基部切口形成愈伤组织后不定根钻出体外前,定时切取穗条基部0.5cm长的材料固定于FAA液中,用石蜡制片法室内解剖研究。结果表明,落叶松从扦插到生根需要40d,插穗诱生根原基属内生源,它们来自两种途径:一种是插条基部切口产生愈伤组织,由愈伤组织维管形成层产生诱生根原基,而形成根。另外一种是皮部生根型,在插穗基部形成层与木射线的交界处产生分生组织细胞团,逐渐形成诱生根原基。两种生根类型在不定根突破外层组织时,均需经过挤压破碎和酶解作用。

欧洲云杉扦插生根影响因子研究与生根力优良单株选择

采用悬臂式全光照自动间歇喷雾装置,按照L8(14×22)的正交试验设计在甘肃省小陇山进行欧洲云杉ABT1,IBA,NAA 4水平(0,50,100,200 mg·L-1)+插穗类型2水平(嫩枝、嫩枝基部带1.5年生硬枝)+处理时间2水平(1,2 h)试验,完全随机区组设计,2次重复;同时对823个欧洲云杉单株生根力进行研究。结果表明:ABT1,IBA合理浓度对愈伤组织生根起主导作用,穗条类型和处理时间随激素类型的不同效应不同。ABT1不同水平对生根率的影响差异显著,50 mg·L-1+嫩枝基部带1.5年生硬枝+处理1 h的生根率最高(89.0%),生根数以200mg·L-1+嫩枝基部带1.5年生硬枝+处理2 h最多。IBA各水平间对生根的影响差异不显著,但以50 mg·L-1+嫩枝基部带1.5年生硬枝+处理2 h的生根率最高,100 mg·L-1+嫩枝基部带1.5年生硬枝+处理1 h的生根数最多。高浓度NAA对愈伤组织生根有抑制作用,生产中不宜用NAA作生根促进物质,但是低浓度短时间处理能促进穗条皮部生根。欧洲云杉单株间生根率的变幅为0～100.0%,单株选择潜力较大。扦插生根性状与生长性状不相关,欧洲云杉无性系选育和采穗圃营建在重视生长性状选择的同时也要重视单株生根性状的选择。欧洲云杉生根率、生根数、根系平均长之间存在显著或极显著正相关关系,进行生根性状选择时以容易测得的生根率进行选择,其他生根性状也会得到改良。

生长基质和激素对麻楝嫩枝扦插生根的影响

以麻楝当年生嫩枝为试验材料,开展了扦插基质,激素种类、浓度和处理时间对麻楝嫩枝扦插生根影响的研究。基质试验采用泥炭土、黄心土、河沙、蛭石为扦插基质,完全随机区组试验设计;激素试验采用激素种类(NAA、IBA、ABT1)、浓度(500、1 000、1 500 mg·L^(-1))及处理时间(10 s、1 min、30 min) 3因素3水平正交(L_9(3~3))试验设计。结果表明:(1)泥炭土+蛭石(1∶1,体积比)为最佳组合基质,其生根率达81. 81%,平均生根数量为20. 33条,平均根长为4. 80 cm,根系效果指数达3. 05;(2)激素种类对麻楝嫩枝扦插生根效果影响最大,激素浓度次之,处理时间影响最小。扦插时,采用泥炭土+蛭石(1∶1)混合基质、1 000 mg·L^(-1)浓度的ABT1号生根粉溶液、浸泡插穗10 s的生根效果最佳。

魔芋组培苗叶柄切段愈伤组织诱导及植株再生

【目的】探讨魔芋组培苗叶柄切段外植体不同处理方法对愈伤组织诱导和芽分化的效果,为魔芋良种繁育提供有效途径。【方法】以白魔芋和花魔芋组培苗叶柄切段为外植体,以外植体不同接种方式(倒插、正插和平放)和不同长度外植体(2、6、10mm)为处理,诱导愈伤组织发生并再生植株。【结果】叶柄切段不同接种方式及不同切割长度均对愈伤组织诱导及芽分化产生影响。将白魔芋组培苗叶柄切段以正插和平放方式接种于诱导培养基,其愈伤组织诱导率显著高于倒插处理,分别为85.0%和73.3%;正插外植体的愈伤组织分化率与分化芽数均显著高于其他2种方式。以6mm长的叶柄切段正插入培养基中培养,可获得相对较高的愈伤组织诱导率和芽分化率,白魔芋和花魔芋的愈伤组织诱导率分别达到79.2%和59.2%,芽分化率分别为29.5%和21.8%。【结论】当魔芋外植体正插或长6mm时,愈伤组织诱导率和芽分化率较高,培养效果较好。初步建立了一套以魔芋组培苗叶柄切段为外植体的魔芋离体再生体系,为魔芋良种繁育提供了一条有效途径。

不同基质和季节对闽楠嫩枝扦插生根的影响

设置12种基质类型和在4个不同季节,分别开展了我国Ⅱ级珍稀濒危树种闽楠的嫩枝扦插试验,探究不同基质类型对闽楠嫩枝扦插生根的影响,旨在为加快闽楠人工栽培技术发展以及种质资源保存提供参考。结果表明:[泥炭(50%)+蛭石(50%)](V/V)为闽楠嫩枝扦插生根的首选基质。不同季节扦插对闽楠嫩枝插穗生根性状具有显著影响,春季扦插效果最佳,其次是秋季和冬季,而夏季扦插效果最差。

中山杉优良品种的扦插繁殖技术研究

[目的]研究中山杉的扦插繁殖技术。[方法]利用全光照间歇喷雾条件,对中山杉系列新品种进行嫩枝扦插,研究不同基质对中山杉扦插生根的影响以及不同品种的扦插生根能力。[结果]118号、27号、146号扦插生根能力较强;扦插基质以珍珠岩+泥炭土最好。[结论]建立了中山杉优良品种的扦插繁殖技术。

几种柏科树种嫩枝扦插的研究

木本植物的插条繁殖至今仍是园林工作者获得良种无性系和培育苗木的重要途径。柏科树种多是珍贵的园林树种,它们的嫩枝插穗生根难易差别很大。本研究探讨了生根难易的生理原因,为提高扦插成活率提供理论依据。

外源IBA对裸花紫珠扦插生根和内源激素含量变化的影响

以药用植物裸花紫珠(Callicarpa nudiflora)1年生半木质化枝条为材料,采用吲哚丁酸(IBA)5个浓度(0、1 000、1 500、2 000、2 500 mg/L)处理。每隔6 d从1 500 mg/L IBA浓度与对照处理插穗的基部取样1次,测定在生根过程中内源吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA3)、玉米素核苷(ZR)含量的变化。扦插80 d后,采用隶属函数法综合评价生根效果。结果表明:不同IBA浓度处理对插穗生根影响差异显著。与对照相比,IBA处理不同程度地提高了插穗的生根率、平均生根数、最长根长和平均根长,降低了偏根率。其中,以1 500 mg/L IBA处理生根效果最好,其生根率、根体积最大,综合评价指数最高。在裸花紫珠插穗根原基诱导和愈伤组织形成阶段,1 500 mg/L IBA处理可提高插穗基部IAA和GA3含量,降低ABA和ZR含量,IAA/ABA和IAA/ZR比值迅速升高。在不定根形成、发生及生长发育阶段,IAA含量下降,IAA/ABA和IAA/ZR比值逐渐降低。较低的内源ABA、ZR含量和较高的IAA、GA3含量及IAA/ABA、IAA/ZR比值,有利于裸花紫珠插穗半木质化插穗不定根的形成和发育。

安祖花茎段培养与离体繁殖

安祖花嫩茎切段离体培养的结果表明 ,基本培养基都以改良的MS为最好 ;初代培养试验的四种激素浓度配比 ,均能诱导切段脱分化形成愈伤组织 ,诱导率最高的组合为改良MS +BA 1.0mg·L 1,诱导率达 88.17% ,培养 3 0d ,愈伤组织块的直径超过 1cm。愈伤组织转接于改良MS +BA 0 .8mg·L 1+NAA 0 .0 5mg·L 1培养基上 ,丛生芽的分化率在 80 %左右 ,丛芽月增殖系数为 2～ 3。将 1cm以上的小芽切下转接于改良MS +IBA 0～ 0 .1mg·L 1或NAA 0 .1mg·L 1促生根培养基上 ,6～ 7d发根形成完整植株。移栽基质以蛭石、椰糠、碎花泥为好 ,成活率在 85%以上。