Effect Factors on Measurement Precision of the Embedded Temperature Sensing Fabric

The embedded temperature sensing fabric was designed and woven according to the heat transmission model of the fabric.The temperature sensors were embedded into the multi-layered fabric that weft yarns were high-shrinkage polyester filaments.And the fabric was treated by a self-designed partial heat device,which can make the sensor be fixed in the fabric.The effects of yarn type,yarn linear density,fabric warp density,fabric structure,fabric layer numbers where the sensor is located,and the ambient temperature on the temperature measured value were investigated.The results demonstrated that when the higher thermal conductivity of yarns and lower density yarns were applied in the fabric as rawmaterials,they were favored to improve the measurement precision.Meanwhile,there were many factors that could make the measured values closer to the real value of the body,such as the plain fabric,the increased warp density of the fabric,the multiple-layer fabric where the sensor was located,the raised ambient testing temperature and the prolonged test time in the certain range.

Agricultural remote sensing big data:Management and applications

Big data with its vast volume and complexity is increasingly concerned, developed and used for all professions and trades. Remote sensing, as one of the sources for big data, is generating earth-observation data and analysis results daily from the platforms of satellites, manned/unmanned aircrafts, and ground-based structures. Agricultural remote sensing is one of the backbone technologies for precision agriculture, which considers within-field variability for site-specific management instead of uniform management as in traditional agriculture. The key of agricultural remote sensing is, with global positioning data and geographic information, to produce spatially-varied data for subsequent precision agricultural operations. Agricultural remote sensing data, as general remote sensing data, have all characteristics of big data. The acquisition, processing, storage, analysis and visualization of agricultural remote sensing big data are critical to the success of precision agriculture. This paper overviews available remote sensing data resources, recent development of technologies for remote sensing big data management, and remote sensing data processing and management for precision agriculture. A five-layer-fifteen- level （FLFL） satellite remote sensing data management structure is described and adapted to create a more appropriate four-layer-twelve-level （FLTL） remote sensing data management structure for management and applications of agricultural remote sensing big data for precision agriculture where the sensors are typically on high-resolution satellites, manned aircrafts, unmanned aerial vehicles and ground-based structures. The FLTL structure is the management and application framework of agricultural remote sensing big data for precision agriculture and local farm studies, which outlooks the future coordination of remote sensing big data management and applications at local regional and farm scale.

Intra-continental deformation and tectonic evolution of the West Junggar Orogenic Belt,Central Asia:Evidence from remote sensing and structural geological analyses

The West Junggar Orogenic Belt(WJOB)in northwestern Xinjiang,China,is located in the core of the western part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB).It has suffered two stage tectonic evolutions in Phanerozoic,before and after the ocean–continental conversion in Late Paleozoic.The later on intracontinental deformation,characterized by the development of the NE-trending West Junggar sinistral strike-slip fault system(WJFS)since Late Carboniferous and Early Permian,and the NW-trending Chingiz-Junggar dextral strike-slip fault(CJF)in Mesozoic and Cenozoic,has an important significance for the tectonic evolution of the WJOB and the CAOB.In this paper,we conduct geometric and kinematic analyses of the WJOB,based on field geological survey and structural interpretation of remote sensing image data.Using some piercing points such as truncated plutons and anticlines,an average magnitude of^73 km for the left-lateral strike-slip is calculated for the Darabut Fault,a major fault of the WJFS.Some partial of the displacement should be accommodated by strike-slip fault-related folds developed during the strike-slip faulting.Circular and curved faults,asymmetrical folds,and irregular contribution of ultramafic bodies,implies potential opposite vertical rotation of the Miao’ergou and the Akebasitao batholiths,resulted from the sinistral strike-slipping along the Darabut Fault.Due to conjugate shearing set of the sinistral WJFS and the dextral CJF since Early Mesozoic,superimposed folds formed with N–S convergence in southwestern part of the WJOB.

Remote Sensing Derived Phenological Metrics to Assess the Spatio-Temporal Growth Variability in Cropping Fields

Precision Agriculture (PA) recognizes and manages intra-field spatial variability to increase profitability and reduced environmental impact. Site Specific Crop Management (SSCM), a form of PA, subdivides a cropping field into uniformly manageable zones, based on quantitative measurement of yield limiting factors. In Mediterranean environments, the spatial and temporal yield variability of rain-fed cropping system is strongly influenced by the spatial variability of Plant Available Water-holding Capacity (PAWC) and its strong interaction with temporally variable seasonal rainfall. The successful adoption of SSCM depends on the understanding of both spatial and temporal variabilities in cropping fields. Remote sensing phenological metrics provide information about the biophysical growth conditions of crops across fields. In this paper, we examine the potential of phenological metrics to assess the spatial and temporal crop yield variability across a wheat cropping field at Minnipa, South Australia. The Minnipa field was classified into three management zones using prolonged observations including soil assessment and multiple year yield data. The main analytical steps followed in this study were: calculation of the phenological metrics using time series NDVI data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroscope (MODIS) for 15 years (2001-2015);producing spatial trend and temporal variability maps of phenological metrics;and finally, assessment of association between the spatial patterns and temporal variability of the metrics with management zones of the cropping field. The spatial trend of the seasonal peak NDVI metric showed significant association with the management zone pattern. In terms of temporal variability, Time-integrated NDVI (TINDVI) showed higher variability in the “good” zone compared with the “poor” zone. This indicates that the magnitude of the seasonal peak is more sensitive to soil related factors across the field, whereas TINDVI is more sensitive to seasonal variability. The interpretation of the association between phenological metrics and the management zone site conditions was discussed in relation to soil-climate interaction. The results demonstrate the potential of the phenological metrics to assess the spatial and temporal variability across cropping fields and to understand the soil-climate interaction. The approach presented in this paper provides a pathway to utilize phenological metrics for precision agricultural management application.

Design of a Foot-End Three-Axis Force Sensing Module for Gecko-Like Robot

The problems of attachment failure and detachment impact within gecko-like robots’ locomotion control are considered in this paper. A real-time foot-end force intelligent sensing module with integrated sensing and structure is developed to help the robot get the foot-end force information in time and realize stable locomotion in an uncertain environment. Firstly,a structure/sensing integrated elastomer based on a Maltese cross/cantilever beam structure is completed by designing and finite element analysis. Secondly,a real-time data acquisition and transmission system is designed to obtain the foot-end reaction force which is miniaturized and distributed. Thirdly,based on this system,a force sensor calibration platform is built to complete the calibration,decoupling,and performance testing of the sensing module. Finally,the experiment of single-leg attachment performance is carried out. The results indicate that the three-axis sensing module can detect robot’s weight,measure the reaction force with high precision and provide real-time force from robot’s foot end.

Accurate Registration of Remote Sensing Images Based on Optimized ORB Algorithms

As a branch of digital image processing, image registration technology has gradually become the basic key technology of image understanding and deep processing of computer vision after decades of development. In recent years, image mosaic technology has been widely used in medical image processing, computer vision, remote sensing image processing, virtual reality technology and other fields. Therefore, based on the optimized ORB algorithm, the author studies the precise registration technology of remote sensing images. The use of ORB algorithm for remote sensing image registration can effectively remove mismatch points and achieve accurate matching, thus achieving correct splicing. Moreover, the problem caused by the registration difference is greatly overcome to the registration.

农业遥感应用现状与展望

农业遥感是以遥感技术为核心,融合农学、地理信息等多学科知识的综合性交叉学科,可实现农业资源空间分布信息的高效获取及管理,常用于农作物长势监测、产量预测、灾害评估等领域。本研究通过对国内农业政策和国内外农业遥感发展的文献收集、整理,揭示了遥感技术对国内农业发展的重要性和意义,对当前农业遥感在土地资源勘测、农作物种植环境监测、农作物长势监测与产量评估、农业灾害监测与应急管理等方面的应用现状进行梳理,并结合农业遥感的技术特点和农业发展的需求,对未来农业遥感技术发展与应用前景进行展望。

跨博-阿断裂隧道的抗错断性能模型试验

中国西部地区地质条件复杂,许多隧道工程在建设过程中会穿越不良地质区段,受到来自活动断层的错动威胁.为探究走滑断层作用下铰接隧道结构的应变响应规律及变形破坏机制,以天山胜利隧道工程为背景,利用光纤传感技术,通过室内缩尺模型试验,开展了走滑断层作用下分节段铰接隧道变形破坏研究.结果显示,隧道衬砌的变形主要发生在断层破碎带内部及边缘附近,隧道整体的破坏模式为拉压剪切组合破坏模式;沿隧道纵向,断层破碎带处隧道受力模式总体上为拱顶与拱底受拉,两侧既有受拉也有受压;沿截面环向,环向应变分布呈“W”形,存在两个拉应变峰值及两个压应变峰值,截面变形趋势为两侧受到水平挤压作用,迫使截面由马蹄形向椭圆形发展.研究结果揭示了走滑断层作用下铰接隧道的变形破坏形式以及衬砌变形规律,可为类似工程提供理论参考和技术支持.

中国李种质资源不同味觉品质精准评价

【目的】对中国李种质资源进行精准鉴定评价,揭示中国李种质资源的味觉品质遗传的客观规律。【方法】针对不同类型(包括品种来源地、果肉颜色、感官味觉)的50份中国李种质资源,采用电子舌对九种味觉(包括鲜味、咸味、酸味、苦味、涩味、甜味、苦味回味、涩味回味和丰富性)进行了分组比较研究。【结果】不同生态来源地的李品种在味觉特点上存在一定的差异,但整体上仍难以区分细致。与之不同的是,果肉颜色与味觉之间存在一定的关系,不同颜色的果肉在味觉特点上呈现出不同的分布模式。酸描述在鲜味味觉中表现出较高的中位数,甜描述在甜味味觉中表现出较高的中位数。酸甜和甜酸的描述之间相关系数较大。【结论】中国李的味觉特点可以分为酸涩型、咸酸型和鲜甜型,同时筛选出一系列优异味觉表现突出、劣势味觉表现较差的特异种质材料,这些试材及背后的遗传基因将成为我国李育种活动中的“种业芯片”。

月尺度IMERG降水产品在广西的精度评估

为评估月尺度IMERG(V06)降水产品在广西地区的精度,将广西划为少雨区(年均降水量≤1 300 mm,Ⅰ区)、中雨区(年均降水量>1 300~1 700 mm,Ⅱ区)、多雨区(年均降水量>1 700 mm,Ⅲ区)3个区域,以91个观测站2001—2020年逐月降水量为参考,采用相关系数(correlation coefficient,CC)、均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)和相对偏差(relative error,RE)3个定量指标,从不同空间尺度、时间尺度、降水量区间等维度分析Early、Late、Final系列产品的精度特征。结果发现:1)Early、Late产品精度特征相似,整体上低估降水;而Final产品整体高估降水。2)降水量增加引起各系列产品CC下降、RMSE上升、RE下降;Early、Late、Final产品对月降水量估测的偏差阈值分别为271、272和351 mm,实测月降水量低于该阈值时被高估,反之则被低估。3)IMERG产品在降水量多的区域相关性更强,离散度更高,在Ⅰ、Ⅱ区表现为高估,在Ⅲ区表现为低估。4)产品精度在降水较少的旱季和旱年更高;Early、Late产品在秋季表现相对较好,但有较明显的低估;Final产品在冬季表现最佳。5)年际间,Final产品精度有下降趋势,Early、Late产品估测偏差愈发趋向高估。综上所述,广西地区月尺度IMERG产品精度受降水量影响显著,在不同地区、不同时段存在较大差异,应用时需针对具体区域、时间评估其精度局限性。

压缩感知在斜轴式马达声强成像中的应用研究

斜轴式轴向柱塞马达内部噪声源距离较近,如马达配流盘进、出油口间的距离为38 mm,且马达噪声源存在同频及倍频现象。斜轴式马达内部密集复杂的噪声源,导致频谱分析方法难以准确识别同频及倍频信号,传统声强测量的最高分辨率为50 mm,无法满足马达内部噪声源的辨识精度要求。针对传统方法难以准确辨识马达噪声源的问题,文中提出了一种基于压缩感知的声强测量方法,将压缩感知理论运用于声强云图高精度重构中,获取马达高分辨率的声强重构图像。首先,通过对斜轴式马达进行噪声辐射仿真分析,获取其外表面声场特性;然后,以马达外表面声强云图为先验信息,设计应用于马达声场的压缩感知框架,获取高精度重构马达声强云图;最后,通过马达传统声强测量与压缩感知声强测量的对比实验验证压缩感知理论对于提高马达噪声源辨识精度的可行性。结果表明,基于压缩感知的声强测量方法将马达噪声源辨识尺度从原来的70 mm提升至30 mm,提高了马达噪声源的辨识精度,实现了马达噪声源的高精度定位。

母猪精准养殖智能感知技术研究进展

母猪的生长状况、繁殖性能与健康状况是猪场管理的重要生产要素,直接关系到猪场的经济效益。我国母猪养殖还存在生产管理智能化水平低、健康管理效率低、生产力水平低等突出问题,制约了我国养殖业的高质量发展。本文从母猪生长信息感知技术、繁殖行为监测技术、健康状态感知技术等3个方面,总结了母猪精准养殖管理中生长、生理、健康监测的研究和发展现状,分析了母猪精准养殖技术的薄弱环节,对母猪养殖智慧管控系统的建设提出了建议,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望,以期为我国养猪业绿色高效智能转型升级与智能养猪工厂的建设提供参考。

光学遥感在区域灌溉监测中应用的研究进展

农业干旱、灌溉用水效率低等问题严重制约着中国农业生产的发展.及时准确地获取田间水分信息是建立区域灌溉管理系统的前提和基础,传统的水分信息监测方法应用范围小、效率低,无法满足现代农业的需求,而遥感技术提供了一个相对高效精准的技术方法.分别介绍了作物需水量的计算方法和灌溉面积监测技术,其中作物需水量的计算介绍了土壤水分系数估算法和植被指数反演法,这2种方法都利用作物系数法对作物需水量进行计算,主要区别在于计算参数的获取方式;灌溉面积监测总结了基于光谱特征空间反演、冠层温度反演、蒸散发模型反演和植被指数反演4种方法,通过蒸散发模型和植被干旱指数反演灌溉面积是目前应用较为广泛的方法.在此基础上,构建基于田间水分信息的区域灌溉管理体系,以达到精准灌溉、科学决策的目的.

基于通感一体化技术的远距离感知与高精度测角系统开发

该文基于通感一体化技术,致力于开发一套远距离感知与高精度测角系统。通过深入研究通感一体化技术,以及感知信号处理算法包括距离估计、CFAR检测和角度估计等关键技术,实现对目标的准确感知和测角。系统的设计与硬件实现考虑感知系统架构、硬件配置与选型等方面,旨在提供高效、可靠的系统性能。实验结果表明,该系统在远距离感知和测角方面取得显著成果,为相关领域的研究和应用提供有力支持。

无人机技术在精准林业中的应用与挑战

森林是陆地生态系统的主体和国家生态安全的保障。随着信息化技术的发展,无人机作为智能化装备的代表,在森林精准调查、设计和管理等方面发挥了关键作用。近年来,随着精准林业的发展以及无人机技术的应用,如何有效协同无人机技术和林业发展需求,实现森林质量精准提升和可持续发展,成为林业研究的重点和热点问题。该文从林业无人机系统及关键技术、研究现状、应用进展以及挑战等方面对近年无人机技术在精准林业中的应用进行阐述,重点探讨了无人机技术在森林资源调查监测、病虫害预警、火灾防控、林业植保、林业管理与执法等方面的应用,并分析了无人机技术在精准林业中面临的机遇和挑战,以期为无人机技术助力精准林业发展提供有益参考。

畜舍养殖环境智能监控研究现状及展望

家畜疫病的发生及传播与养殖环境密切相关,实现畜舍环境信息的精准感知及智能化调控是提高动物健康水平及生产性能的关键,对我国畜牧产业高质量发展具有重要意义。本文从畜舍养殖环境指标体系、精准感知技术与方法、环境优化调控策略及舒适度评估4个方面出发,介绍了影响家畜健康的环境指标、畜舍养殖环境监控设备、无线数据传输优化技术,阐述了环境数据预测模型及分布规律的研究,并重点分析了畜舍调控装备优化设计、多环境参数调控及环境舒适度评估模型等方面的研究和发展现状,最后总结了当前畜舍环境智能监控应用所存在的问题,并对今后养殖环境智能监控发展方向进行了展望,为我国全面发展智慧畜牧业、提升生产效率提供参考。

1986—2020年山东省地表水时空变化特征分析

针对地表水提取过程中部分细小河流和半干涸河道提取较困难的问题,以1986—2020年的山东省内陆地表水为研究对象,基于改进的归一化水体指数(MNDWI)模型,引入建筑物指数模型和植被指数模型,提出了一种新型水体指数(GMNDWI),较明显地提高了地表水体的提取精度。在此基础上,运用空间网格化处理与分区统计、动态度等方法分析了山东省内陆地表水的时空变化特征,并通过相关性分析对选取的影响因子进行了讨论。结果表明:研究区内地表水时空分布不均衡,旱雨季水面积之比稳定在3∶5,均呈现先增加后减少的变化趋势;降雨量和耕地面积与地表水面积的相关系数明显高于其他因素,表明二者的共同作用是导致研究区地表水面积变化的关键因素。

基于动作分析的武术兵道护具设计

为解决武术兵道护具的功能优化和规范佩戴,从分析兵道运动时运动员竞技动作入手,探究受击打部位与服装运动功能性之间的关联性。通过模拟兵道运动竞技动作的动态造型和技术特征,解析击打部位的受力特征;在护具设计中基于武术兵道运动的实际需求构建压力传感系统模型,并提出压力传感式智能护具的设计方案。采用多学科交叉的设计方法优化现有武术兵道护具的设计,为构建竞技武术运动智能装备系统的设计研究提供参考。

柴达木盆地西北缘尖顶山和黑梁子背斜的几何学与运动学特征分析

选取青藏高原北部柴达木盆地内尖顶山和黑梁子背斜作为研究对象,基于遥感影像和地震剖面,解释并分析该背斜构造带的地表次级断裂以及地下构造的变形样式与运动特征。遥感影像显示,尖顶山背斜的大部分地表次级断裂从北西走向的压扭断裂向东南方向过渡为南北走向的正断层,而黑梁子背斜的地表次级断裂为北北东走向的左行张扭断层。地震剖面显示,尖顶山和黑梁子背斜由上部逆冲滑脱断裂和下部基底正花状构造组成,深层与浅层的变形解耦主要受新生界下部路乐河组的膏盐层影响。结合地表次级断裂和地下基底断裂的平面展布样式、运动特征以及沿走向的变化,认为尖顶山和黑梁子背斜为右行压扭构造,推测在印度板块与欧亚大陆汇聚的背景下,柴达木盆地内部在持续缩短变形的过程中发生向东的差异性挤出,从而形成一系列压扭性质的背斜构造。