The Sequence of Magmatic-Tectonic Events and Orogenic Processes of the Yanshan Belt, North China

This paper emphasizes that the interactive constraints of geology and isotopic dating is the best approach to construct the geological event sequence, and has compiled 106 data of reasonable isotopic ages for the igneous rocks of the Yanshan belt. We propose a sequence of mgmatic-tectonic events in the Jurassic-Cretaceous Yanshan orogen of North China. Five orogenic episodes are divided, (1) pre-and initial orogenic episode (Early Jurassic); (2) early orogenic episode (Middle Jurassic); (3) peak orogenic episode (Late Jurassic); (4) late orogenic episode (early Early Cretaceous), and (5) post-orogenic episode. Each episode is a short cycle, all of the orogenic processes construct a longer cycle, and they, in general, followed a counter-clockwise (ccw) PTt path. Finally, it is suggested that the Yanshanian movement was so intensive that the magmatism and tectonic deformation had involved all the lithosphere thickness and the late-Achaean-formed cratonic lithosphere had been significantly reworked.

Cyclic Sequences, Events and Evolution of the Sino-Korean Plate, with a Discussion on the Evolution of Molar-tooth Carbonates, Phosphorites and Source Rocks

This paper gives an account of the research that the authors conducted on the cyclic sequences, events and evolutionary history from Proterozoic to Meso-Cenozoic in the Sino-Korean plate based on the principle of the Cosmos-Earth System. The authors divided this plate into 20 super-cyclic or super-mega-cyclic periods and more than 100 Oort periods. The research focused on important sea flooding events, uplift interruption events, tilting movement events, molar-tooth carbonate events, thermal events, polarity reversal events, karst events, volcanic explosion events and storm events, as well as types of resource areas and paleotectonic evolution. By means of the isochronous theory of the Cosmos-Earth System periodicity and based on long-excentricity and periodicity, the authors elaborately studied the paleogeographic evolution of the aulacogen of the Sino-Korean plate, the oolitic beach platform formation, the development of foreland basin and continental rift valley basin, and reconstructed the evolution

Multi-scale regionalization based mining of spatio-temporal teleconnection patterns between anomalous sea and land climate events

Climate sequences can be applied to defining sensitive climate zones, and then the mining of spatio-temporal teleconnection patterns is useful for learning from the past and preparing for the future. However, scale-dependency in this kind of pattern is still not well handled by existing work. Therefore, in this study, the multi-scale regionalization is embedded into the spatio-temporal teleconnection pattern mining between anomalous sea and land climatic events. A modified scale-space clustering algorithm is first developed to group climate sequences into multi-scale climate zones. Then, scale variance analysis method is employed to identify climate zones at characteristic scales, indicating the main characteristics of geographical phenomena. Finally, by using the climate zones identified at characteristic scales, a time association rule mining algorithm based on sliding time windows is employed to discover spatio-temporal teleconnection patterns. Experiments on sea surface temperature, sea level pressure, land precipitation and land temperature datasets show that many patterns obtained by the multi-scale approach are coincident with prior knowledge, indicating that this method is effective and reasonable. In addition, some unknown teleconnection patterns discovered from the multi-scale approach can be further used to guide the prediction of land climate.

Event Stratigraphy, Biostratigraphy and Sequence Stratigraphy of Neoproterozoic in North China

The aim of this study is to discuss the chronostratigraphy, catastrophic event stratigraphy, biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of Neoproterozoic. In the eastern part of the North China, the Neoproterozoic consists of Qingbaikou System (1 000-800 Ma) and Sinian System (800-600 Ma). The Qingbaikou System is widely distributed over the whole area and the Sinian System only in the eastern and southern parts of the plate. In this paper, we discuss the age limit of the formations, and try to establish the Neoproterozoic chronostratigraphic frame, the ages of which are partly based on recently obtained carbonate whole rock Pb Pb isotope. Based on the event records of ancient earthquake, which are well developed in Sinian carbonates, “a vibrational liquefaction seismic sequence” in carbonate rocks is established. We propose a time correlation for the Sinian formation in eastern North China, on the bases of event records of earthquake in combination with biostratigraphy, and thus revise the traditional correlation scheme that has been used for nearly 30 years. Some biostratigraphic results were obtained in fossil microplants, megafossils and metazoans in North China. A large amount of big double layered and complex ornamented acritarchs are found in Qingbaikou and Sinian systems. On the basis of the correlation by earthquake events, the Huainan fauna is regarded as Late Sinian, probably between 700 Ma and 600 Ma. Altogether 16 depositional sequences are distinguished in the Neoproterozoic, with an average time interval of about 15-16 Ma.

The Characteristic Analysis and Seismic Triggering Study of the M6.2 and M6.1 Dayao Earthquake Sequences in 2003

The high-resolution hypocenter locations of the mainshocks on July 21 （M6.2） and October 16, 2003 （M6.1） and their aftershock sequences are determined in Dayao, Yunnan by using a double-difference earthquake location algorithm. The results show that the epicenters of the two mainshocks are very close to each other and the distribution of the aftershock sequence appears to be very linear. The distribution of the earthquake sequence is very consistent with the focal mechanism, and both mainshocks are of nearly vertical right-lateral fault. Unlike most other double earthquakes in the Yunmm area, the aftershock distribution of the M6.2 and M6.1 Dayao earthquakes does not appear to be a conjugated distribution but to be in a line, and there are some stacks in the two earthquake sequences. It can be inferred that they are all controlled by the same fault. The distribution of aftershocks is asymmetrical with respect to the mainshock location and appears to be unilateral. The aftershocks of the M6.2 mainshock centralize in the northwest of M6.2 earthquake and the aftershocks of the M6.1 earthquake are in the southeast of the mainshock, moreover, the M6.1 earthquake appears to be another rupture on the southeastern extensiou of the same fault as the M6.2 earthquake. The results of Coulomb failure static stress changes △σf show that the earthquake on July 21 （M6.2） apparently triggered the earthquake on October 16 （M6.1）, the two mainshocks have stress triggering to their off-fault aftershocks to different extents, and the M6.5 earthquake that occurred in Yao＇an in 2000 also triggered the occurrence of the two Dayao earthquakes.

Detrital Zircon Dating of Meso-and Neoproterozoic Rocks in North China and Its Implications

New dates from Meso- and Neoproterozoic strata contribute to the recently defined Precambrian stratigraphical timescale of China agreed by the Subcommission on the Precambrian System, and the National Commission on Stratigraphy of China on Nov. 24, 2009. First, the age range of the Changcheng System, including the Changzhougou, Chuanlinggou, Tuanshanzi and Dahongyu formations has been constrained to 1.8-1.6 Ga. Second, the Jixian System including the Gaoyuzhuang,Yangzhuang, Wumishan, Hongshuizhuang and Tieling formations has been constrained to 1.6-1.4 Ga.Third, an as-yet unnamed （undefined） system （1.4-1.0 Ga） is only developed in the Xiamaling Formation at the Jixian section, Tianjing. Fourth, the Qingbaikou System, including the Luotuoling and Jing＇eryu formations has been constrained to 1.0-0.78 Ga. Fifth, the Nanhuan System ranges between 780-635 Ma, and the Sinian System is within 635-542 Ma. However, according to a series of SHRIMP U-Pb dates from the late Precambrian in the Jiangnan Orogen Belt in South China Platform, the constrained strata will be redefined as in the upper part of the Qingbaikou System. To aid global geodynamies, it is useful to denote a late Precambrian section with unified, precise and high-precision chronological dating; this is here defined in North China Block and Jiaoliao-Korean Block. However, the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou study in North China will be influence in whole Meso- and Neoproterozoic in the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt in between the Yangtze Block and the Cathaysia Block in South China.

Micro-earthquakes “Just-underneath” Seismic Stations as Ground Truth Events——Application to the 2008 Wenchuan Aftershock Sequence

Analyzing the aftershock sequence of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,we considered 26 micro-earthquakes "just underneath" seismic stations.Making use of such special station-event configurations to determine the depth of these micro-earthquakes provided accurate relocation of aftershocks with a reference set of "ground truth(GT)events".

Relocating ruptures of two M6 earthquakes in Zhongba, South-central Tibet in 2004 and 2005 with seismological and geodetic methods

To better understand repeatability of strong earthquakes in previously ruptured zones during one seismogenic period, we studied the rupture zones of the doublet of M6 earthquakes in Zhongba region of southcentral Tibet, China, in 11 July 2004 and 7 April 2005, respectively. We focused on the overlapping degree of two strong quakes’ aftershock areas one week after the mainshocks by using the SQH station in China Seismic Network and a 68-stations temporary broadband seismic array, a part of the international HI-CLIMB project. About 115 local earthquakes were recorded in one week after the mainquakes, and we located these earthquakes by master event relative location （MERL） method. We also used this method to relocate 31 other M3.7 ＋ earthquakes from 1 July 2004 to 1 July 2005. Meanwhile, we studied two mainshocks’ coseismic ruptures with satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar （InSAR）. Our results show that the ruptured zones of the two earthquakes do not overlapp substantially, either from early aftershock data or from InSAR inversions.

Significance of Carbon Isotopes in Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy——As Exemplified by the Permian System in Southwest China

Based on the research on sequence stratigraphy of the Permian in Southwest China, in conjunction with the carbon isotope data from the typical sections at Ganluo, Sichuan and Tianlin and Mashan, Guangxi, the authors suggest that the genetic framework and internal architicture of different sequences possess quite different carbon isotopic characteristics. Therefore, the following problems can be solved in terms of carbon isotopic values, evolutionary curve patterns and structures of carbonate sequences: (1) to determe the nature of sequence boundary surface and related geological events; (2) to recognize various kinds of sedimentary system tracts; (3) to discuss the internal architicture and genetic framework of the sequences and their evolution; (4) to subdivide and correlate sedimentary sequences on a regional or global scale; and (5) to enhance the resolution of sequence stratigraphic analysis. Stable carbon isotopes have proved themselves to be valid in sequence stratigraphic studies of carbonate rocks, as demonstrated by our results presented in this paper.

Establishment of Event-specific Qualitative PCR Method for Genetically Modified Soybean MON 89788

[Objective] The aim was to establish an event-specific qualitative PCR method for transgenic soybean MON89788.[Method] Firstly,the 3′-junction sequence between host plant DNA and integrated DNA of transgenic MON89788 soybean was isolated using thermal asymmetric interlaced-PCR （TAIL-PCR）,and the specific PCR primers were designed based on the 3′-junction sequence.Secondly,the specificity and sensitivity of the qualitative PCR detection methods employing these primers were tested.[Result] 1 142-bp 3′-junction sequence was obtained.According to the sequence,event-specific qualitative PCR method was established,amplifying a 170-bp product specifically from MON89788 event,and the limit of detection was 0.05%,approximately 40 initial template copies.[Conclusion] The method was highly specific,sensitive,and suitable for detection of MON89788 event.

SoftSOE算法的应用分析

在日常生产中,越来越多小故障、小事故的发生已到了周期级,主流的分散控制系统对周期级的信号记录还缺乏手段,艾默生公司的OVATION系统提供了解决周期级事故记录的专门算法———SoftSOE。某电厂的应用实例表明:应用SoftSOE技术之后,事故分析手段大大增强,极大地提高了机组的安全性能。

Sedimentary Characteristics of the Cretaceous in the Songliao Basin

The rupture of the lithosphere in Late Jurassic brought about the eruption of basaltic magma in the Songliao Basin. The evolution of the basin in Cretaceous progressed through six stages: pre-rift doming, extensional fracturing, fault subsidence, fault downwarping, downwarping and shringkage, resulting in the deposition of terrstrial facies nearly 10,000 m thick. There are different depositional sequences in these stages: the depositional period of the Early Cretaceous Shahezi and Yincheng Formations is the development stage of the down-faulted basin, forming a volcanic rock-alluvial fan-fan delta-lacustrine (intercalated with episodic turbidites)-swamp facies sequences; the period of the Early Cretaceous Dengluku Formation is the transformation stage of fault subsidence into fault downwarping of the basin, forming a sequence mainly of alluvial plain-lacustrine facies; the depositional period of the Early Cretaceous Quantou Formation-Late Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation is the downwarping stage of the basin, forming an alluvial plain-delta-lacustrine facies sequence; the period of the Late Cretaceous Sifangtai Formation-Mingshui Formation is the shringkage stage of the basin, forming again a sequence mainly of alluvial plain-alluvial fan and small relict lacustrine facies. These vertical depositional sequences fully display the sedimentary characteristics of a failed continental rift basin. Many facts indicate that the two large-scale lake invasions, synchronous with the global rise of sea level, which took place in the downwarping stage of the basin development, led to the connection between the lake and sea.

Human activity recognition based on HMM by improved PSO and event probability sequence

This paper proposes a hybrid approach for recognizing human activities from trajectories. First, an improved hidden Markov model （HMM） parameter learning algorithm, HMM-PSO, is proposed, which achieves a better balance between the global and local exploitation by the nonlinear update strategy and repulsion operation. Then, the event probability sequence （EPS） which consists of a series of events is computed to describe the unique characteristic of human activities. The anatysis on EPS indicates that it is robust to the changes in viewing direction and contributes to improving the recognition rate. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated by data experiments on current popular datasets.

Development of an Event-specific Quantitative PCR for Genetically Modified Maize (Zea mays) Event NK603

[ Objective ] The aim of this study was to develop a quantitative PCR detection method for genetically modified maize event NK603, so as to provide ba- sis for quantitative analysis of event NK603. [ Methods ] A quantitative PCR detection method for genetically modified maize event NK603 was developed using primers and Taqman probe designed according to the flanking sequence of event NK603, which was then adopted to detect the samples containing 2% NK603 stand- ard （with uncertain quantity of 10% ）. [ Results ] The slope of standard curve ranged between -3.6 and -3.1, and the correlation coefficient was higher than 0. 99. The amplification efficiency of this method reached 100.2%, fallen between 90% and 110%. The detected quantity of the experimental sample was 1.9%, closer to the true quantity （2%）. [ Conclusion] This quantitative PCR detection method for genetically modified maize event NK603 is very precise and can be a- dopted in routine testing analysis.

Pedosedimentary events in loess of China and Quaternary climatic cycles

In the Loess Plateau of China, the orbitally induced climatic oscillations are generally expressed by alternation of pedogenetic and sedimentary events (pedosedimentary events). In the last years, investigations at different localities revealed that complete loess-soil sequences contain 37 major soil stratigraphic units which are spatially correlativ. Recent studies have demonstrated that many of these soil units are polygenetic (polycyclic), which were formed by several pedogenetic stages interrupted by dust deposition stages, evidencing climatic oscillations within the interglacial periods. Some loess units contain also clearly ex-

动态事件序列制导的Android应用漏洞验证技术

目前Android应用漏洞检测方法分为静态分析和动态分析。其中,静态分析存在误报率较高的问题,动态分析降低了误报率,但是存在运行效率和覆盖率较低的问题。针对动态分析存在的问题,首次提出了动态事件序列制导的Android应用漏洞验证技术,该技术使用自动化UI触发的方法生成Activity跳转关系图,然后对漏洞嫌疑路径进行精确制导,最后对漏洞触发嫌疑路径是否执行进行验证。经过对10 122个应用进行自动化漏洞分析,结果为召回率96.12%,误报率2.66%。实验结果表明,动态事件序列制导的Android应用漏洞验证技术对于自动化分析应用漏洞有很好的效果。

Differences in Informal Time System and Intercultural Communication

Informal time system refers to the assumption that cultures make about how time should be used or experienced. In this essay, three related aspects of informal time system are discussed, i.e. monochronic time system vs. polychronic time system, sequence of events and interval between events. Different cultures are compared with respect to the three aspects. The differences in the three aspects and the impacts on intercultural communication have been highlighted in each part.

An efficient algorithm to generate candidates in discovering frequent episodes

One of the important steps in mining event sequences is to find frequent episodes. Once the frequent episodes are discovered, rules about temporal relationships can he derived. In this paper, an cfficient algorithm for discovering frequent episodes is presented based on the level-wise search algorithm WINEPI. The proposed algorithm gains hetter candidate generation quality by introducing a new Lemma to help to target the combinations of episodes that are interesting in the next level and thins reduces the execution time. Experimental results on artificial and real data show the enhanced efficiency of the algorithm.

基于多序列隐关系的时序事件预测

时序事件预测是指基于历史事件预测下一个事件,事件包括时间和类型两个属性。当前主要工作集中在单方面(事件时间或事件类型)的预测,但这无法回答“何时发生何事”这类更精细的问题。此类问题的挑战主要是事件类型非常多样,而行为往往高度稀疏,给预测带来极大困难;需要预测的事件时间和事件类型分属两个域,如何把这两个域的信息加以融合并形成互补也是一个挑战。针对上述挑战,从融合多序列隐信息的角度探索了一种解决方法。基于某些事件序列之间具有模式相似性这一观察,提出建模事件序列的隐关系图,利用邻居序列的信息解决行为稀疏性的问题;通过合理设计神经网络模块,将事件的时间域和类型域的信息映射到共同的抽象空间,解决事件时间和事件类型信息的融合建模问题。通过在多个真实数据集上进行了大量实验,实验结果印证了多序列深度时序模型优于现有的一系列基准模型。

深水池式反应堆内部事件安全风险分析评价

深水池式反应堆系统简单,固有安全性高,可用于居民供热,实现节能减排。为提升经济性,贴近居民区建设,需通过概率安全分析(probabilistic safety assessment,PSA)定量评价其安全风险。由于其独特的安全特性,其事故进程缓慢、事故后果轻、人工干预机会充足,因此在进行PSA分析时需作出针对性考虑。本文对典型深水池式反应堆开展内部事件安全风险评价,在评价过程中对分析假设、终态划分、结果分析等方面进行了适应性调整。基于分析与评价,计算得到反应堆总的堆芯损坏频率为2.13E-09/堆年,体现了池式低温供热堆优良的安全特性。基于定量化结果还进行了最小割集分析、人工干预时间对CDF(core damage frequency)的影响分析,并根据分析结果给出风险见解与建议。