Drill cuttings are broken bits of solid material removed from a borehole drilled by rotary,percussion,or auger methods and brought to the surface in the drilling mud.When these cuttings enter the annulus,they have an ...Drill cuttings are broken bits of solid material removed from a borehole drilled by rotary,percussion,or auger methods and brought to the surface in the drilling mud.When these cuttings enter the annulus,they have an effect on the drillingfluid rheology and density,which is,in general,quite difficult to evaluate.By introducing an empirical correlation for the rheological properties of cuttings-laden drillingfluids,this study proposes a pres-sure-loss prediction method for an extended-reach well(ERW).After verifying the accuracy of this method,a case study is considered and a sensitivity analysis is conducted assuming a yield-power lawfluid.The results show that an increased concentration of cuttings in the annulus contributes to an increased annular pressure loss.Com-pared to their effect on the drillingfluid density,cuttings have a greater impact on the drillingfluid rheology.A larger rate of penetration contributes to an increased annular pressure loss.For higher drillingfluidflow rates,the annular pressure lossfirst decreases and then it increases.In addition,the annular pressure loss becomes high-er as the cuttings’particle size decreases and the cuttings’concentration grows.展开更多
The consumption of cut roses(Rosa hybrida)has always ranked first in the world.However,it is vulnerable to rapid petal and leaf wilting due to leaf stomatal water loss,which seriously affects its ornamental quality an...The consumption of cut roses(Rosa hybrida)has always ranked first in the world.However,it is vulnerable to rapid petal and leaf wilting due to leaf stomatal water loss,which seriously affects its ornamental quality and economic value.Stomatal movement,a key in plant physiological processes,is influenced by potassium and nitrate.Advancing comprehension of its physiological and molecular mechanism holds promise for preserving the freshness of cut roses.This study observed the impacts of different concentrations of KNO_(3) vase treatments on stomatal opening and water loss in cut rose‘Carola’leaves,as well as their transcriptional responses to KNO_(3).Water loss rates were influenced by KNO_(3) concentrations,with the 25 and 75 mmol/L treatments exhibiting the highest water loss rates.The stomatal aperture reached its widest value when treated with 75 mmol/L KNO_(3).Transcriptional sequencing analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)of which 5456 were up-regulated,and 6607 were down-regulated associated with photosynthesis,starch and sucrose metabolism,metabolic pathways,plant-pathogen interaction,plant hormone signal transduction,and related pathways.246 DEGs were selected related to response to KNO_(3) treatment,of which gene ontology(GO)enrichment were nitrate and terpenoid metabolism,ion transport,and response to stimuli.Further heatmap analysis revealed that several genes related to nitrate transport a metabolism,K+transport,vacuoles,and aquaporin were in close association with the response to KNO_(3) treatment.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)revealed that hub genes,including LAX2,TSJT1,and SCPL34 were identified in turquoise,black,and darkgreen module.Transcription factors such as NAC021,CDF3,ERF053,ETR2,and ARF6 exhibited regulatory roles in the response to KNO_(3) treatment under light conditions.These findings provide valuable insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the response of cut rose leaves to KNO_(3) treatment.展开更多
The high grade non-oriented electrical steel sheets containing 3.0%Si were manufacturing processed using different cutting techniques, then they were stress relief annealed（SRA）, the profiles and textures of the cut...The high grade non-oriented electrical steel sheets containing 3.0%Si were manufacturing processed using different cutting techniques, then they were stress relief annealed（SRA）, the profiles and textures of the cutting edges were compared before and after annealing, and the magnetic properties of these specimens were tested and compared. The experimental results show that the iron loss of the specimen by water jet cutting is the lowest, but the magnetic induction under the low magnetic field is the highest, the iron loss of the specimen by laser cutting is the highest, but the magnetic induction under the low magnetic field is the lowest. It is necessary to adopt suitable production conditions and minimize the deterioration involved, and the magnetic property can be recovered by SRA effectively.展开更多
In this paper, a Cartesian grid method with cut cell has been developed to simulate mold filling of casting process. Cut cells at the cast-mold interface are generated on the Cartesian grid. With the boundary cut cell...In this paper, a Cartesian grid method with cut cell has been developed to simulate mold filling of casting process. Cut cells at the cast-mold interface are generated on the Cartesian grid. With the boundary cut cells, a special treatment is necessary. That is Cartesian grid method with cut cell. A simple shape was tested and the cut cell method was compared with the traditional one on Cartesian grids. And, a developed method was applied to the real casting product simulation. Cartesian grid system causes momentum loss and unsound fluid flow patterns because of inaccurate generation of meshes. These problems have been improved by using cut cell method.展开更多
The reference paper 1 shows a primary approach to the assessment methods of disaster economic loss. In this paper, the prediction and assessment of indirect losses of disaster of production suspending and cutting in e...The reference paper 1 shows a primary approach to the assessment methods of disaster economic loss. In this paper, the prediction and assessment of indirect losses of disaster of production suspending and cutting in enterprises are studied and the prediction and assessment models are given. The methods can be applied not only to pre disaster prediction of losses caused by production suspending and cutting in enterprises, but also to after disaster losses assessment.展开更多
基金supported by the Sinopec Scientific Research Project“Demonstration of Engineering Technology for Ultra-Deep Drilling and Completion in Tarim Basin”(No.P21081-6)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project“Mesoscopic Simulation of Dynamic Behavior of Bridging Particles Forfractured Thief Zone”(No.51604237).
文摘Drill cuttings are broken bits of solid material removed from a borehole drilled by rotary,percussion,or auger methods and brought to the surface in the drilling mud.When these cuttings enter the annulus,they have an effect on the drillingfluid rheology and density,which is,in general,quite difficult to evaluate.By introducing an empirical correlation for the rheological properties of cuttings-laden drillingfluids,this study proposes a pres-sure-loss prediction method for an extended-reach well(ERW).After verifying the accuracy of this method,a case study is considered and a sensitivity analysis is conducted assuming a yield-power lawfluid.The results show that an increased concentration of cuttings in the annulus contributes to an increased annular pressure loss.Com-pared to their effect on the drillingfluid density,cuttings have a greater impact on the drillingfluid rheology.A larger rate of penetration contributes to an increased annular pressure loss.For higher drillingfluidflow rates,the annular pressure lossfirst decreases and then it increases.In addition,the annular pressure loss becomes high-er as the cuttings’particle size decreases and the cuttings’concentration grows.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.32002069 and 31972439)the Basic and Applied Research Project of Guangdong Province (2020A1515110961).
文摘The consumption of cut roses(Rosa hybrida)has always ranked first in the world.However,it is vulnerable to rapid petal and leaf wilting due to leaf stomatal water loss,which seriously affects its ornamental quality and economic value.Stomatal movement,a key in plant physiological processes,is influenced by potassium and nitrate.Advancing comprehension of its physiological and molecular mechanism holds promise for preserving the freshness of cut roses.This study observed the impacts of different concentrations of KNO_(3) vase treatments on stomatal opening and water loss in cut rose‘Carola’leaves,as well as their transcriptional responses to KNO_(3).Water loss rates were influenced by KNO_(3) concentrations,with the 25 and 75 mmol/L treatments exhibiting the highest water loss rates.The stomatal aperture reached its widest value when treated with 75 mmol/L KNO_(3).Transcriptional sequencing analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)of which 5456 were up-regulated,and 6607 were down-regulated associated with photosynthesis,starch and sucrose metabolism,metabolic pathways,plant-pathogen interaction,plant hormone signal transduction,and related pathways.246 DEGs were selected related to response to KNO_(3) treatment,of which gene ontology(GO)enrichment were nitrate and terpenoid metabolism,ion transport,and response to stimuli.Further heatmap analysis revealed that several genes related to nitrate transport a metabolism,K+transport,vacuoles,and aquaporin were in close association with the response to KNO_(3) treatment.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)revealed that hub genes,including LAX2,TSJT1,and SCPL34 were identified in turquoise,black,and darkgreen module.Transcription factors such as NAC021,CDF3,ERF053,ETR2,and ARF6 exhibited regulatory roles in the response to KNO_(3) treatment under light conditions.These findings provide valuable insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the response of cut rose leaves to KNO_(3) treatment.
基金Funded by the High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2011AA11A238)
文摘The high grade non-oriented electrical steel sheets containing 3.0%Si were manufacturing processed using different cutting techniques, then they were stress relief annealed（SRA）, the profiles and textures of the cutting edges were compared before and after annealing, and the magnetic properties of these specimens were tested and compared. The experimental results show that the iron loss of the specimen by water jet cutting is the lowest, but the magnetic induction under the low magnetic field is the highest, the iron loss of the specimen by laser cutting is the highest, but the magnetic induction under the low magnetic field is the lowest. It is necessary to adopt suitable production conditions and minimize the deterioration involved, and the magnetic property can be recovered by SRA effectively.
文摘In this paper, a Cartesian grid method with cut cell has been developed to simulate mold filling of casting process. Cut cells at the cast-mold interface are generated on the Cartesian grid. With the boundary cut cells, a special treatment is necessary. That is Cartesian grid method with cut cell. A simple shape was tested and the cut cell method was compared with the traditional one on Cartesian grids. And, a developed method was applied to the real casting product simulation. Cartesian grid system causes momentum loss and unsound fluid flow patterns because of inaccurate generation of meshes. These problems have been improved by using cut cell method.
文摘The reference paper 1 shows a primary approach to the assessment methods of disaster economic loss. In this paper, the prediction and assessment of indirect losses of disaster of production suspending and cutting in enterprises are studied and the prediction and assessment models are given. The methods can be applied not only to pre disaster prediction of losses caused by production suspending and cutting in enterprises, but also to after disaster losses assessment.
