In order to apply the knowledge based engineering to solve the low efficiency of serialized design,by analyzing the top-down design characteristics,a composite representation method for the design knowledge is propose...In order to apply the knowledge based engineering to solve the low efficiency of serialized design,by analyzing the top-down design characteristics,a composite representation method for the design knowledge is proposed.The object-knowledge is expressed by framework,and the construction principles of the framework are given,the design knowledge element is used to express the process-knowledge.Then the knowledge reasoning model for design decision-making is established.Finally,a case shows that the proposed method and model are effective.展开更多
深海微生物在全球碳氮循环中起到重要作用,目前对深海微生物的精细化研究主要以实验室高压模拟培养检测为主,当深海样品采集至实验室培养检测时,温度、压力等环境参数会有一定程度的变化,影响后续的试验与检测。为此,设计了一种用于深...深海微生物在全球碳氮循环中起到重要作用,目前对深海微生物的精细化研究主要以实验室高压模拟培养检测为主,当深海样品采集至实验室培养检测时,温度、压力等环境参数会有一定程度的变化,影响后续的试验与检测。为此,设计了一种用于深海微生物原位自动序列培养的装置(ocean automatic series incubation system,OASIS)。文章围绕OASIS的工作原理、系统组成和试验验证等方面展开论述,重点研究深海液体转移精度问题。OASIS已经通过了水池试验、压力试验、海上试验等各项测试,试验结果表明:该装置能在30MPa高压下正常工作,按照时间顺序自动完成对微生物的培养与生命信息固定,对准确认识深海生态系统的生态效益提供了良好的设备支撑。展开更多
Objective To develop methods for determining a suitable sample size for bioequivalence assessment of generic topical ophthalmic drugs using crossover design with serial sampling schemes.Methods The power functions of ...Objective To develop methods for determining a suitable sample size for bioequivalence assessment of generic topical ophthalmic drugs using crossover design with serial sampling schemes.Methods The power functions of the Fieller-type confidence interval and the asymptotic confidence interval in crossover designs with serial-sampling data are here derived.Simulation studies were conducted to evaluate the derived power functions.Results Simulation studies show that two power functions can provide precise power estimates when normality assumptions are satisfied and yield conservative estimates of power in cases when data are log-normally distributed.The intra-correlation showed a positive correlation with the power of the bioequivalence test.When the expected ratio of the AUCs was less than or equal to 1, the power of the Fieller-type confidence interval was larger than the asymptotic confidence interval.If the expected ratio of the AUCs was larger than 1, the asymptotic confidence interval had greater power.Sample size can be calculated through numerical iteration with the derived power functions.Conclusion The Fieller-type power function and the asymptotic power function can be used to determine sample sizes of crossover trials for bioequivalence assessment of topical ophthalmic drugs.展开更多
基金the outsourcing project of the AECC Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment and the science and technology project of Sichuan province(grant number 2019YFG0312)。
文摘In order to apply the knowledge based engineering to solve the low efficiency of serialized design,by analyzing the top-down design characteristics,a composite representation method for the design knowledge is proposed.The object-knowledge is expressed by framework,and the construction principles of the framework are given,the design knowledge element is used to express the process-knowledge.Then the knowledge reasoning model for design decision-making is established.Finally,a case shows that the proposed method and model are effective.
文摘深海微生物在全球碳氮循环中起到重要作用,目前对深海微生物的精细化研究主要以实验室高压模拟培养检测为主,当深海样品采集至实验室培养检测时,温度、压力等环境参数会有一定程度的变化,影响后续的试验与检测。为此,设计了一种用于深海微生物原位自动序列培养的装置(ocean automatic series incubation system,OASIS)。文章围绕OASIS的工作原理、系统组成和试验验证等方面展开论述,重点研究深海液体转移精度问题。OASIS已经通过了水池试验、压力试验、海上试验等各项测试,试验结果表明:该装置能在30MPa高压下正常工作,按照时间顺序自动完成对微生物的培养与生命信息固定,对准确认识深海生态系统的生态效益提供了良好的设备支撑。
基金supported by sub-project of National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of China for ‘Significant New Drugs Development’[2015ZX09501008-004]
文摘Objective To develop methods for determining a suitable sample size for bioequivalence assessment of generic topical ophthalmic drugs using crossover design with serial sampling schemes.Methods The power functions of the Fieller-type confidence interval and the asymptotic confidence interval in crossover designs with serial-sampling data are here derived.Simulation studies were conducted to evaluate the derived power functions.Results Simulation studies show that two power functions can provide precise power estimates when normality assumptions are satisfied and yield conservative estimates of power in cases when data are log-normally distributed.The intra-correlation showed a positive correlation with the power of the bioequivalence test.When the expected ratio of the AUCs was less than or equal to 1, the power of the Fieller-type confidence interval was larger than the asymptotic confidence interval.If the expected ratio of the AUCs was larger than 1, the asymptotic confidence interval had greater power.Sample size can be calculated through numerical iteration with the derived power functions.Conclusion The Fieller-type power function and the asymptotic power function can be used to determine sample sizes of crossover trials for bioequivalence assessment of topical ophthalmic drugs.
