An efficient microreactor with continuous serially connected micromixers for the synthesis of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles

A new microreactor with continuous serially connected micromixers(CSCM)was tailored for the coprecipitation process to synthesize Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles.Numerical simulation reveals that the two types of CSCM microchannels(V-typed and U-typed)proposed in this work exhibited markedly better mixing performances than the Zigzag and capillary microchannels due to the promotion of Dean vortices.Complete mixing was achieved in the V-typed microchannel in 2.7 s at an inlet Reynolds number of 27.Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles synthesized in a planar glass microreactor with the V-typed microchannel,possessing an average size of 9.3 nm and exhibiting superparamagnetism,had obviously better dispersity and uniformity and higher crystallinity than those obtained in the capillary microreactor.The new CSCM microreactor developed in this work can act as a potent device to intensify the synthesis of similar inorganic nanoparticles via multistep chemical precipitation processes.

Increased osteogenesis with hydroxyapatite constructs combined with serially-passaged bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

We have previously reported on both the osteogenic potential of hydroxyapatite (HA) combined with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and a method involving osteogenic matrix cell sheet transplantation of BMSCs. In the present study, we assessed the osteogenic potential of serially-passaged BMSCs, both in vitro and in vivo. We also assessed whether an additional cell-loading technique can regain the osteogenic potential of the constructs combined with serially-passaged BMSCs. The present study revealed that passage (P) 1 cells cultured in osteogenic-induced medium showed strong positive staining for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S, whereas P3 cells showed faint staining for ALP, with no Alizarin Red S staining. Staining of P1, P2 and P3 cells were progressively weaker, indicating that the osteogenic potential of the serially-passaged rat BMSCs is lost after P3 in vitro. The in vivo study showed that little bone formation was observed in the HA constructs seeded with P3 cells, 4 weeks after subcutaneous implantation. However, P3 cell/HA constructs which had increased cell-loading showed abundant bone formation within the pores of the HA construct. ALP and osteocalcin mRNA expression in these constructs was significantly higher than that of constructs with regular cell-seeding. The present study indicates that the osteogenic potential of the constructs with serially-passaged BMSCs is increased by additional cell-loading. This method can be applied to cases requiring hard tissue reconstruction, where BMSCs require serial expansion of cells.

Effects of high glucose and severe hypoxia on the biological behavior of mesenchymal stem cells at various passages

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been extensively studied for therapeutic potential,due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties.Serial passage and stress factors may affect the biological characteristics of MSCs,but the details of these effects have not been recognized yet.AIM To investigate the effects of stress factors(high glucose and severe hypoxia)on the biological characteristics of MSCs at different passages,in order to optimize the therapeutic applications of MSCs.METHODS In this study,we investigated the impact of two stress conditions;severe hypoxia and high glucose on human adipose-tissue derived MSCs(hAD-MSCs)at passages 6(P6),P8,and P10.Proliferation,senescence and apoptosis were evaluated measuring WST-1,senescence-associated beta-galactosidase,and annexin V,respectively.RESULTS Cells at P6 showed decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis under conditions of high glucose and hypoxia compared to control,while the extent of senescence did not change significantly under stress conditions.At P8 hAD-MSCs cultured in stress conditions had a significant decrease in proliferation and apoptosis and a significant increase in senescence compared to counterpart cells at P6.Cells cultured in high glucose at P10 had lower proliferation and higher senescence than their counterparts in the previous passage,while no change in apoptosis was observed.On the other hand,MSCs cultured under hypoxia showed decreased senescence,increased apoptosis and no significant change in proliferation when compared to the same conditions at P8.CONCLUSION These results indicate that stress factors had distinct effects on the biological processes of MSCs at different passages,and suggest that senescence may be a protective mechanism for MSCs to survive under stress conditions at higher passage numbers.

Evaluation of Rainfall Tendency for the Twentieth Century over Indira Sagar Region in Central India

The study investigates long-term changes in annual and seasonal rainfall patterns in the Indira Sagar Region of Madhya Pradesh, India, from 1901 to 2010. Agriculture sustainability, food supply, natural resource development, and hydropower system reliability in the region rely heavily on monsoon rainfall. Monthly rainfall data from three stations (East Nimar, Barwani, and West Nimar) were analyzed. Initially, the pre-whitening method was applied to eliminate serial correlation effects from the rainfall data series. Subsequently, statistical trends in annual and seasonal rainfall were assessed using both parametric (student-t test) and non-parametric tests [Mann-Kendall, Sen’s slope estimator, and Cumulative Sum (CUSUM)]. The magnitude of the rainfall trend was determined using Theil-Sen’s slope estimator. Spatial analysis of the Mann-Kendall test on an annual basis revealed a statistically insignificant decreasing trend for Barwani and East Nimar and an increasing trend for West Nimar. On a seasonal basis, the monsoon season contributes a significant percentage (88.33%) to the total annual rainfall. The CUSUM test results indicated a shift change detection in annual rainfall data for Barwani in 1997, while shifts were observed in West and East Nimar stations in 1929. These findings offer valuable insights into regional rainfall behavior, aiding in the planning and management of water resources and ecological systems.

Multi-Plate Microbial Monitoring Terminal Based on Raspberry Pi 4B

We utilized Raspberry Pi 4B to develop a microbial monitoring system to simplify the microbial image-capturing process and facilitate the informatization of microbial observation results.The Raspberry Pi 4B firmware,developed under Python on the Linux platform,achieves sum verification of serial data,file upload based on TCP protocol,control of sequence light source and light valve,real-time self-test based on multithreading,and an experiment-oriented file management method.The system demonstrated improved code logic,scheduling,exception handling,and code readability.

Potentiality of development of embryonic cell in capra hircus, which bears serially transplanted nucleus

The nuclear transplanation is one of the ideal methods for researching the correlationof nucleus and cytoplasm in a cell. And the researches on the serial nuclear trans-plantation, or the so-called recloning will be helpful for undrstanding the problem of wheth-er there exists the change of totipotency of development function in the same blastomere

多通道SRIO数据传输优化设计与应用

为了满足遥测系统大容量数据高速可靠传输的需求,提出了一种基于FPGA和Serial RapidIO(SRIO)的数据传输链路优化设计,传输链路为4x模式,传输速率为2.5 Gb/s。针对测试过程中链路异常被训练成1x模式而造成数据传输异常的现象进行深入分析,采用上电复位和软件复位相结合的方法对传输链路进行优化,经测试验证,优化后的链路数据传输稳定,1路SRIO数据传输速率可达585 MB/s,且无丢帧、误码现象。该设计已成功应用于遥测系统项目,实现高速数据稳定传输。

Exploring the attenuation mechanisms of Dalbergia odorifera leaves extract on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis

The attenuation function of Dalbergia odorifera leaves on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)is little known.The candidate targets for the Chinese herb were extracted from brain tissues through the high-affinity chromatography.The molecular mechanism of D.odorifera leaves on cerebral I/R was investigated.Methods:Serial affinity chromatography based on D.odorifera leaves extract(DLE)affinity matrices were applied to find specific binding proteins in the brain tissues implemented on C57BL/6 mice by intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion for 1 h and reperfusion for 24 h.Specific binding proteins were subjected to mass-spectrometry to search for the differentially expressed proteins between control and DLE-affinity matrices.The hub genes were screened based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA).Then,predictive biology and potential experimental verification were performed for the candidate genes.The protective role of DLE in blood-brain barrier damage in cerebral I/R mice was evaluated by the leakage of Evans blue,western blotting,immunohistochemistry,and immunofluorescent staining.Results:952 differentially expressed proteins were classified into seven modules based on WGCNA under soft threshold 6.Based on WGCNA,AKT1,PIK3CA,NOS3,SMAD3,SMAD1,IL6,MAPK1,TGFBR2,TGFBR1,MAPK3,IGF1R,LRG1,mTOR,ROCK1,TGFB1,IL1B,SMAD2,and SMAD518 candidate hub proteins were involved in turquoise module.TGF-β,MAPK,focal adhesion,and adherens junction signaling pathway were associated with candidate hub proteins.Gene ontology analysis demonstrated that candidate hub proteins were related to the TGF-βreceptor signaling pathway,common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation,etc.DLE could significantly reduce the leakage of Evans blue in mice with cerebral I/R,while attenuating the expression of occludin,claudin-5,and zonula occludens-1.Western blotting demonstrated that regulation of TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway played an essential role in the protective effect of DLE.Conclusion:Thus,a number of candidate hub proteins were identified based on DLE affinity chromatography through WGCNA.DLE could attenuate the dysfunction of bloodbrain barrier in the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway induced by cerebral I/R.

QoS-Aware Offloading Based on Communication-Computation Resource Coordination for 6G Edge Intelligence

Driven by the demands of diverse artificial intelligence(AI)-enabled application,Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)is considered one of the key technologies for 6G edge intelligence.In this paper,we consider a serial task model and design a quality of service(QoS)-aware task offloading via communication-computation resource coordination for multi-user MEC systems,which can mitigate the I/O interference brought by resource reuse among virtual machines.Then we construct the system utility measuring QoS based on application latency and user devices’energy consumption.We also propose a heuristic offloading algorithm to maximize the system utility function with the constraints of task priority and I/O interference.Simulation results demonstrate the proposed algorithm’s significant advantages in terms of task completion time,terminal energy consumption and system resource utilization.

Characterizing prediction errors of a new tree height model for cut-to-length Pinus radiata stems through the Burr TypeⅫdistribution

Unlike height-diameter equations for standing trees commonly used in forest resources modelling,tree height models for cut-to-length(CTL)stems tend to produce prediction errors whose distributions are not conditionally normal but are rather leptokurtic and heavy-tailed.This feature was merely noticed in previous studies but never thoroughly investigated.This study characterized the prediction error distribution of a newly developed such tree height model for Pin us radiata(D.Don)through the three-parameter Burr TypeⅫ(BⅫ)distribution.The model’s prediction errors(ε)exhibited heteroskedasticity conditional mainly on the small end relative diameter of the top log and also on DBH to a minor extent.Structured serial correlations were also present in the data.A total of 14 candidate weighting functions were compared to select the best two for weightingεin order to reduce its conditional heteroskedasticity.The weighted prediction errors(εw)were shifted by a constant to the positive range supported by the BXII distribution.Then the distribution of weighted and shifted prediction errors(εw+)was characterized by the BⅫdistribution using maximum likelihood estimation through 1000 times of repeated random sampling,fitting and goodness-of-fit testing,each time by randomly taking only one observation from each tree to circumvent the potential adverse impact of serial correlation in the data on parameter estimation and inferences.The nonparametric two sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov(KS)goodness-of-fit test and its closely related Kuiper’s(KU)test showed the fitted BⅫdistributions provided a good fit to the highly leptokurtic and heavy-tailed distribution ofε.Random samples generated from the fitted BⅫdistributions ofεw+derived from using the best two weighting functions,when back-shifted and unweighted,exhibited distributions that were,in about97 and 95%of the 1000 cases respectively,not statistically different from the distribution ofε.Our results for cut-tolength P.radiata stems represented the first case of any tree species where a non-normal error distribution in tree height prediction was described by an underlying probability distribution.The fitted BXII prediction error distribution will help to unlock the full potential of the new tree height model in forest resources modelling of P.radiata plantations,particularly when uncertainty assessments,statistical inferences and error propagations are needed in research and practical applications through harvester data analytics.

基于RS485总线的盾构施工地层损失监测数据采集系统的设计

盾构施工地层损失监测是保证地表沉降的重要途径,在盾构施工过程中尤为重要,为了实现该功能,需要实时采集与地层损失相关联的施工数据,分析它们与地层损失的关系,建立预测模型。为了实现采集系统的实时性与高效性,设计了一种基于Modbus协议的RS485总线的数据采集系统。首先介绍了地层损失监控系统的整体结构,说明了采集系统的设计构思,然后简要说明了该采集系统的硬件选型,阐述了系统的通讯协议,介绍了相关传感器的通信方式,重点讨论了数据通信的实现方法,最后给出了Visual Studio环境下数据通信子程序。

Leica-TS30在天文测量中的应用

基于电子经纬仪/全站仪的新型野外天文测量系统已经研制成功,并投入应用。但是徕卡测量设备不断更新换代,原来采用的仪器已经停产。而新型电子全站仪集多项先进技术于一身,可以胜任各种测量任务。围绕将徕卡超智能全站仪——TS30应用于天文测量系统,文中展开了研究。首先基于Serial Port控件,调试串口通讯实现TS30在线控制,并着重探索了与天文测量系统相关的Geo COM指令;其次研究了C#环境下,触发式被动测量的实现方法,并合理组织测量数据与对应时间信息的存取;最后进行野外作业,采集实测数据,并对解算结果进行分析。实验表明:TS30可以取代原有设备,用于新型野外天文测量系统,进行一等天文测量。

基于SATA接口硬盘数据存储系统设计

设计了一种基于FPGA和Serial ATA桥接芯片的数据存储系统.采用FPGA设计IP核控制JM20330芯片,完成由IDE到SATA接口的转换,提供单接口传输通道,并支持热插拔;实现脱机情况下对SATA硬盘的操作,为高速数据存储提供一种新的系统.

适用于WSN测试平台的自动烧录方法

在无线传感器网络(WSN)测试平台中,节点程序的手动烧录方法存在部署时间长、人为错误多等缺点。为此,提出一种适用于大规模WSN测试平台的自动烧录方法。在局域网内通过TCP/IP技术传输节点镜像程序,从而更新节点程序,并通过多线程的方式实现PC端同时对多个节点程序的自动烧录。在现有测试平台上的实验结果验证了该方法的可行性。

基于FPGA的多通路SRIO数据传输设计

为满足航天遥测系统中多路高速数据可靠传输的需求,提出了一种基于FPGA控制器和Serial RapidIO(SRIO)协议的四通路数据传输设计方案。设计使用Xilinx A7系列FPGA,并使用4个其内部集成的SRIO IP核,设计内部逻辑,实现四路SRIO高速数据传输;使用其内部集成的吉比特收发器(GTP)以满足SRIO传输协议物理层要求。硬件电路使用4个高速收发光模块完成光电转换;并使用高质量时钟芯片产生125 MHz的差分时钟信号作为SRIO IP核的参考时钟。经测试验证四路数据传输速率可达440 MB/s,且无丢帧、误码现象,该设计已成功运用于遥测系统某地面测试台项目,可实现四路高速数据稳定传输。

基于插秧机自动导航运行参数远程监测系统软件设计

为了实时掌握农业机械自动导航时运行状态的相关参数,并根据监测参数作出相应的调整动作,本文以Visual Studio 2008为开发平台,开发了一套高速插秧机自动导航的运行参数远程监测系统软件。该软件功能主要包括信号检测、数据通讯、控制决策、数据显示和数据存储。系统采用Visual Studio 2008中Visual Basic.net 2008语言进行开发,将远程采集的各监测数据经由GSM网络进行无线传输到上位机;并采用Serial Port控件来进行串行通讯,完成PC机与GSM模块之间数据的交换,并对相应控制动作进行相应性能仿真。

基于嵌入式VxWorks USB摄像头驱动的实现

通过在Gene-8315开发板上加载嵌入式VxWorks系统对USB摄像头驱动进行研究。介绍了嵌入式VxWorks系统和USB摄像头驱动结构的特点,分析了spca5xx下USB摄像头视频采集的过程,裁剪并移植了spca5xx下ZC030x系列摄像头的采集过程,实现了基于嵌入式VxWorks系统下对Logitech USB摄像头的驱动和视频采集,并在显示器上显示驱动的过程和采集的结果。最后给出了对USB摄像头视频采集包头数据的分析。

一种在Java Applet和MFC程序间交换数据的方法

根据网络编程的需要,通过对编程语言使用数据形式(格式)进行分析,设计了一种在JavaApplet和MFC程序间交换数据的方法。使用这种方法,可以充分利用C++的高速高效和JavaApplet多接口易发布的优点来访问数据,具有一定的实用价值。

Serial Reader:一口一口,吃掉文学经典

数字时代的经典阅读面临相当严峻的困境,但致力于推动经典阅读的机构或个人并未因此而停下努力与创新的步伐。2016年以Serial Reader为代表的一批主打"连载"功能的阅读软件引起了人们的注意。其中,Serial Reader取材公版领域的文学经典,成功地在移动设备上复原了起源于19世纪的阅读模式。本文以此为案例分析其背后的设计与运营逻辑,并指出其优点与不足,以期帮助出版机构和读者更好地了解当下的阅读环境与阅读趋势。

MATLAB环境下的串行数据通信系统设计

本文提出了一种串行数据通信系统的设计方案,利用MATLAB提供的仪器控制工具箱serial类对象来实现串行数据通信,硬件设计中采用TL16C550C芯片使设计具有很好的可扩展性,用信号处理芯片TMS320VC5416为下位机的实验系统证明该方案进行数据通信与信号采集处理的可靠性。