Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries,and its incidence has increased.The majority of patients with endometrial cancer have an early disease and favorable prognosis;however,...Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries,and its incidence has increased.The majority of patients with endometrial cancer have an early disease and favorable prognosis;however,a significant proportion of endometrial cancer,which mainly comprises high-grade or type II endometrial cancer such as serous,clear cell,and carcinosarcoma,shows advanced/recurrent disease and dismal prognosis.Novel therapeutic development is required for patients with aggressive endometrial cancers.Recent genomic and immunohistochemical analyses revealed human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)overexpression/gene amplification in 20%-40%of patients with type II endometrial cancer.Historically,HER2 targeted therapy has been developed for various major cancers,including breast and gastric cancer.Notably,recent advances in HER2 targeted therapy for patients with type II endometrial cancer are also expected to change.Simultaneously,an optimized HER2 test for endometrial cancer as companion diagnostics should be established.In this review,we summarize the recent findings on endometrial cancer,current treatment,optimized HER2 testing,key clinical trials on HER2 targeted therapy,and future directions in aggressive endometrial cancer,including serous carcinoma and carcinosarcoma.展开更多
Introduction: Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) or non small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma the ovary is a rare entity and is frequently associated with ovarian surface epithelial tumors. However, its associa...Introduction: Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) or non small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma the ovary is a rare entity and is frequently associated with ovarian surface epithelial tumors. However, its association with serous carcinoma is rarer, in our knowledge tree cases has been described in international literature and the first case in Moroccan literature. Case Report: A 54-year-old woman presented with a pelvic mass measuring 15 cm in diameter. She underwent an exploratory laparotomy with resection of the pelvic mass. Diffuse and nodular intra-abdominal disseminations were observed. Immunohistochemistry stain confirmed the diagnosis of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with serous carcinoma. The patient received three courses of carboplatin and paclitaxel and she's still alivewith a decline of 6 months. Its clinicopathologic association is discussed and the literature is reviewed. Conclusion: In summary, ovarian LCNEC is an aggressive tumor with a tendency to present at advanced stage and cause death within a mean of 17 months after diagnosis;however, some patients, particularly those with stage I disease and/or those who have received platinum-based therapy, may have a more favorable prognosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Low grade serous carcinoma of the ovary(LGSOC)is a rare type of epithelial ovarian cancer with a low incidence rate.The origin of ovarian cancer has always been a hot topic in gynecological oncology researc...BACKGROUND Low grade serous carcinoma of the ovary(LGSOC)is a rare type of epithelial ovarian cancer with a low incidence rate.The origin of ovarian cancer has always been a hot topic in gynecological oncology research,and some scholars believe that the origin of ovarian malignant tumors is the fallopian tubes.Primary fallopian tube cancer is the lowest incidence of malignant tumors in the female reproductive system.There are only a few reports in the literature,but the mortality rate is very high.But in clinical practice,fallopian tube cancer is very common,but in most cases,it is classified as ovarian cancer.CASE SUMMARY We report a 54 years old postmenopausal woman who was hospitalized with a lower abdominal mass and underwent surgical treatment.The final pathological confirmation was low-grade serous carcinoma of the right ovary and low-grade serous carcinoma of the left fallopian tube.No special treatment was performed after the surgery,and the patient was instructed to undergo regular follow-up without any signs of disease progression.CONCLUSION The prognosis of LGSOC is relatively good,over 80%of patients still experience disease recurrence.展开更多
目的:探讨卵巢透明细胞癌(CCC)与高级别浆液性癌(HGSC)的临床及MRI特征,评价MRI对CCC与HGSC的鉴别诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2013年11月-2019年11月经手术和病理确诊的21例CCC及32例HGSC患者的临床及MRI资料,临床资料包括患者年龄、肿...目的:探讨卵巢透明细胞癌(CCC)与高级别浆液性癌(HGSC)的临床及MRI特征,评价MRI对CCC与HGSC的鉴别诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2013年11月-2019年11月经手术和病理确诊的21例CCC及32例HGSC患者的临床及MRI资料,临床资料包括患者年龄、肿瘤大小、患者绝经状态、肿瘤发生部位偏侧性、实验室指标、有无合并子宫内膜异位症及国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)分期,MRI表现包括肿瘤形态、囊实性组成、囊性成份内有无T1高信号、单囊或多囊、囊内有无壁结节及其形态、实性成份强化程度,有无腹膜种植转移,有无淋巴结转移,有无盆腹腔积液。分析比较CCC与HGSC的临床及MRI特征。结果:CCC与HGSC在肿瘤发生部位偏侧性、平均最大径、形态、组成成份、囊性成份内T1高信号、单囊、囊内壁结节形态、CA199升高、合并子宫内膜异位症、FIGO分期及腹膜种植转移方面的差异具有统计学意义(P值分别为0.041、0.01、0.016、0.028、0.036、0.001、0.029、0.002、0.004、0.003、0.004),相对于HGSC,CCC患者肿瘤形态更规则(13/24,54%vs.11/44,25%;P=0.016),囊实性(15/24,62.5%vs.22/44,50%;P=0.022)并以单囊为主(17/24,71%vs.13/44,30%;P=0.001),单侧发病多见(18/21,86%vs.19/32,59%;P=0.041),肿块平均最大径更大(120.1±51.9 mm vs.84.4±36.1 mm,P=0.01),肿瘤囊内结节形态以结节或乳头状突起为主(10/13,77%vs.9/23,39%,P=0.029),肿瘤囊性成份T1WI高信号多见(10/24,42%vs.8/44,18%;P=0.036),腹膜种植转移更少见(6/21,29%vs.22/32,69%;P=0.004)。结论:CCC与HGSC的临床资料及MRI表现具有一定特征,MRI能较好地鉴别两者。展开更多
目的:检测卵巢浆液性癌中微小RNA-496(microRNA-496,miR-496)的表达,关注其表达意义及与同源异型蛋白SIX1(homologous heteroprotein SIX1,SIX1)的靶向关系。方法:选择75例卵巢浆液性癌作为观察组,选择75例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤作为对照组,...目的:检测卵巢浆液性癌中微小RNA-496(microRNA-496,miR-496)的表达,关注其表达意义及与同源异型蛋白SIX1(homologous heteroprotein SIX1,SIX1)的靶向关系。方法:选择75例卵巢浆液性癌作为观察组,选择75例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤作为对照组,应用实时荧光定量PCR法检测2组中miR-496的表达,应用免疫组化法检测观察组中增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)和B细胞淋巴瘤-2相关X蛋白(Bcl-2 associated X protein,BAX)的表达,应用Western blot检测观察组中SIX1的表达。选择人卵巢浆液性癌细胞系SKOV-3,设置空白对照组、miR-496转染组、miR-496和SIX1共转染组,采用双荧光素酶基因实验验证miR-496与靶基因SIX1的关系。结果:miR-496在观察组的表达量明显低于对照组(1.52±0.36 vs.2.03±0.25,t=7.56,P=0.001),miR-496的表达在不同肿瘤最大径(1.65±0.36 vs. 1.42±0.33,t=5.32,P=0.012)、病理分级(1.64±0.35 vs. 1.43±0.40,t=5.11,P=0.010)、有无脉管累犯(1.60±0.44 vs. 1.35±0.43,t=5.11,P=0.011)、是否双侧发生(1.61±0.36 vs.1.40±0.32,t=5.11,P=0.010)、有无淋巴结转移(1.62±0.42 vs. 1.35±0.41,t=5.66,P=0.008)和不同TNM分期(1.70±0.37 vs.1.42±0.39,t=5.65,P=0.009)的分组中有统计学差异。miR-496与生存时间有关(χ2=4.13,P=0.010),miR-496与PCNA(r=-0.54,P=0.0186)、miR-496与SIX1(r=-0.58,P=0.0130)均具有负相关性,miR-496与BAX(r=0.52,P=0.0110)具有正相关性。双荧光素酶基因实验显示,miR-496能引起转染pGL3-SIX1-WT的细胞系中荧光素酶活性明显降低。结论:卵巢浆液性癌中miR-496的表达下降,是促进肿瘤形成和进展的重要分子因素,检测miR-496对判断预后可能有一定价值。miR-496可能通过负向调节靶基因SIX1调控肿瘤细胞的增殖和凋亡。展开更多
文摘Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries,and its incidence has increased.The majority of patients with endometrial cancer have an early disease and favorable prognosis;however,a significant proportion of endometrial cancer,which mainly comprises high-grade or type II endometrial cancer such as serous,clear cell,and carcinosarcoma,shows advanced/recurrent disease and dismal prognosis.Novel therapeutic development is required for patients with aggressive endometrial cancers.Recent genomic and immunohistochemical analyses revealed human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)overexpression/gene amplification in 20%-40%of patients with type II endometrial cancer.Historically,HER2 targeted therapy has been developed for various major cancers,including breast and gastric cancer.Notably,recent advances in HER2 targeted therapy for patients with type II endometrial cancer are also expected to change.Simultaneously,an optimized HER2 test for endometrial cancer as companion diagnostics should be established.In this review,we summarize the recent findings on endometrial cancer,current treatment,optimized HER2 testing,key clinical trials on HER2 targeted therapy,and future directions in aggressive endometrial cancer,including serous carcinoma and carcinosarcoma.
文摘Introduction: Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) or non small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma the ovary is a rare entity and is frequently associated with ovarian surface epithelial tumors. However, its association with serous carcinoma is rarer, in our knowledge tree cases has been described in international literature and the first case in Moroccan literature. Case Report: A 54-year-old woman presented with a pelvic mass measuring 15 cm in diameter. She underwent an exploratory laparotomy with resection of the pelvic mass. Diffuse and nodular intra-abdominal disseminations were observed. Immunohistochemistry stain confirmed the diagnosis of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with serous carcinoma. The patient received three courses of carboplatin and paclitaxel and she's still alivewith a decline of 6 months. Its clinicopathologic association is discussed and the literature is reviewed. Conclusion: In summary, ovarian LCNEC is an aggressive tumor with a tendency to present at advanced stage and cause death within a mean of 17 months after diagnosis;however, some patients, particularly those with stage I disease and/or those who have received platinum-based therapy, may have a more favorable prognosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Low grade serous carcinoma of the ovary(LGSOC)is a rare type of epithelial ovarian cancer with a low incidence rate.The origin of ovarian cancer has always been a hot topic in gynecological oncology research,and some scholars believe that the origin of ovarian malignant tumors is the fallopian tubes.Primary fallopian tube cancer is the lowest incidence of malignant tumors in the female reproductive system.There are only a few reports in the literature,but the mortality rate is very high.But in clinical practice,fallopian tube cancer is very common,but in most cases,it is classified as ovarian cancer.CASE SUMMARY We report a 54 years old postmenopausal woman who was hospitalized with a lower abdominal mass and underwent surgical treatment.The final pathological confirmation was low-grade serous carcinoma of the right ovary and low-grade serous carcinoma of the left fallopian tube.No special treatment was performed after the surgery,and the patient was instructed to undergo regular follow-up without any signs of disease progression.CONCLUSION The prognosis of LGSOC is relatively good,over 80%of patients still experience disease recurrence.
文摘目的:探讨卵巢透明细胞癌(CCC)与高级别浆液性癌(HGSC)的临床及MRI特征,评价MRI对CCC与HGSC的鉴别诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2013年11月-2019年11月经手术和病理确诊的21例CCC及32例HGSC患者的临床及MRI资料,临床资料包括患者年龄、肿瘤大小、患者绝经状态、肿瘤发生部位偏侧性、实验室指标、有无合并子宫内膜异位症及国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)分期,MRI表现包括肿瘤形态、囊实性组成、囊性成份内有无T1高信号、单囊或多囊、囊内有无壁结节及其形态、实性成份强化程度,有无腹膜种植转移,有无淋巴结转移,有无盆腹腔积液。分析比较CCC与HGSC的临床及MRI特征。结果:CCC与HGSC在肿瘤发生部位偏侧性、平均最大径、形态、组成成份、囊性成份内T1高信号、单囊、囊内壁结节形态、CA199升高、合并子宫内膜异位症、FIGO分期及腹膜种植转移方面的差异具有统计学意义(P值分别为0.041、0.01、0.016、0.028、0.036、0.001、0.029、0.002、0.004、0.003、0.004),相对于HGSC,CCC患者肿瘤形态更规则(13/24,54%vs.11/44,25%;P=0.016),囊实性(15/24,62.5%vs.22/44,50%;P=0.022)并以单囊为主(17/24,71%vs.13/44,30%;P=0.001),单侧发病多见(18/21,86%vs.19/32,59%;P=0.041),肿块平均最大径更大(120.1±51.9 mm vs.84.4±36.1 mm,P=0.01),肿瘤囊内结节形态以结节或乳头状突起为主(10/13,77%vs.9/23,39%,P=0.029),肿瘤囊性成份T1WI高信号多见(10/24,42%vs.8/44,18%;P=0.036),腹膜种植转移更少见(6/21,29%vs.22/32,69%;P=0.004)。结论:CCC与HGSC的临床资料及MRI表现具有一定特征,MRI能较好地鉴别两者。
文摘目的:检测卵巢浆液性癌中微小RNA-496(microRNA-496,miR-496)的表达,关注其表达意义及与同源异型蛋白SIX1(homologous heteroprotein SIX1,SIX1)的靶向关系。方法:选择75例卵巢浆液性癌作为观察组,选择75例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤作为对照组,应用实时荧光定量PCR法检测2组中miR-496的表达,应用免疫组化法检测观察组中增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)和B细胞淋巴瘤-2相关X蛋白(Bcl-2 associated X protein,BAX)的表达,应用Western blot检测观察组中SIX1的表达。选择人卵巢浆液性癌细胞系SKOV-3,设置空白对照组、miR-496转染组、miR-496和SIX1共转染组,采用双荧光素酶基因实验验证miR-496与靶基因SIX1的关系。结果:miR-496在观察组的表达量明显低于对照组(1.52±0.36 vs.2.03±0.25,t=7.56,P=0.001),miR-496的表达在不同肿瘤最大径(1.65±0.36 vs. 1.42±0.33,t=5.32,P=0.012)、病理分级(1.64±0.35 vs. 1.43±0.40,t=5.11,P=0.010)、有无脉管累犯(1.60±0.44 vs. 1.35±0.43,t=5.11,P=0.011)、是否双侧发生(1.61±0.36 vs.1.40±0.32,t=5.11,P=0.010)、有无淋巴结转移(1.62±0.42 vs. 1.35±0.41,t=5.66,P=0.008)和不同TNM分期(1.70±0.37 vs.1.42±0.39,t=5.65,P=0.009)的分组中有统计学差异。miR-496与生存时间有关(χ2=4.13,P=0.010),miR-496与PCNA(r=-0.54,P=0.0186)、miR-496与SIX1(r=-0.58,P=0.0130)均具有负相关性,miR-496与BAX(r=0.52,P=0.0110)具有正相关性。双荧光素酶基因实验显示,miR-496能引起转染pGL3-SIX1-WT的细胞系中荧光素酶活性明显降低。结论:卵巢浆液性癌中miR-496的表达下降,是促进肿瘤形成和进展的重要分子因素,检测miR-496对判断预后可能有一定价值。miR-496可能通过负向调节靶基因SIX1调控肿瘤细胞的增殖和凋亡。
