2017 Chinese expert consensus on the clinical application ofserum marker for thyroid cancer

In recent years, the clinical incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing year by year, and its risk assessment and clinical management methods have also been accordingly modified and constantly improved. There are great differences between the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic modes and disease management of thyroid cancer employed by various medical institutions in China, particularly with regard to the clinical application of serum marker of thyroid cancer. To this end, the China Anti-Cancer Association Thyroid Cancer Specialized Committee Chinese Association of Thyroid Oncology organized this compilation of ExpertConsensus on Clinical Application of Serum Marker of Thyroid Cancer to help and impel relevant clinical institutions and professionals to standardize clinical diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of thyroid cancer, and to properly utilize the serum marker for scientific auxiliary clinical diagnosis and assessment of thyroid cancer before and after operation.

Elevated soluble 4-1BB is associated with serum markers of hepatitis B virus in patients with chronic hepatitis B

BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that the costimulatory molecule 4-1BB plays pivotal roles in regulating immunity during chronic viral infection.However,up to now,there are few studies about 4-1BB in chronic hepatitis B(CHB).AIM To clarify this issue,we report our comprehensive study results on the expression levels of 4-1BB in patients with CHB.METHODS From September 2018 to June 2019,a total of 64 patients with CHB were recruited from the Department of Hepatology,The First Hospital of Jilin University.Peripheral blood samples were collected from 52 treatment-naïve and 12 entecavir-treated patients with CHB as well as 37 healthy donors(including 24 healthy adults and 13 healthy children).The levels of soluble 4-1BB(s4-1BB)in plasma were measured by ELISA.4-1BB mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected by real-time quantitative PCR.RESULTS The s4-1BB levels in the plasma of patients with CHB were significantly higher than those in healthy adults(94.390±7.393 ng/mL vs 8.875±0.914 ng/mL,P<0.001).In addition,the s4-1BB level in plasma was significantly increased in patients with a higher viral load and a disease flare up.However,there were no significant differences between treatment-naïve and entecavir-treated patients.Interestingly,among treatment-naïve patients with CHB,the levels of s4-1BB in plasma had a significant positive correlation with hepatitis B surface antigen,hepatitis B virus DNA,hepatitis B e antigen,and triglyceride levels(r=0.748,P<0.001;r=0.406,P=0.004;r=0.356,P=0.019 and r=-0.469,P=0.007,respectively).The 4-1BB mRNA expression was higher in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with CHB than in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy adults,but the difference was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION These results suggest that the levels of s4-1BB may be associated with pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus and therefore may be a promising biomarker for disease progression.

Real time shear wave elastography in chronic liver diseases:Accuracy for predicting liver fibrosis,in comparison with serum markers

AIM:To evaluate the correlation between liver stiffness measurement(LSM)by real-time shear wave elastography(SWE)and liver fibrosis stage and the accuracy of LSM for predicting significant and advanced fibrosis,in comparison with serum markers.METHODS:We consecutively analyzed 70 patients with various chronic liver diseases.Liver fibrosis was staged from F0 to F4 according to the Batts and Ludwig scoring system.Significant and advanced fibrosis was defined as stage F≥2 and F≥3,respectively.The accuracy of prediction for fibrosis was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves.RESULTS:Seventy patients,15 were belonged to F0-F1 stage,20 F2,13 F3 and 22 F4.LSM was increased with progression of fibrosis stage(F0-F1:6.77±1.72,F2:9.98±3.99,F3:15.80±7.73,and F4:22.09±10.09,P<0.001).Diagnostic accuracies of LSM for prediction of F≥2 and F≥3 were 0.915(95%CI:0.824-0.968,P<0.001)and 0.913(95%CI:0.821-0.967,P<0.001),respectively.The cut-off values of LSM for prediction of F≥2 and F≥3 were 8.6kPa with 78.2%sensitivity and 93.3%specificity and10.46 kPa with 88.6%sensitivity and 80.0%specificity,respectively.However,there were no significant differences between LSM and serum hyaluronic acid and typeⅣcollagen in diagnostic accuracy.CONCLUSION:SWE showed a significant correlation with the severity of liver fibrosis and was useful and accurate to predict significant and advanced fibrosis,comparable with serum markers.

Liver stiffness and serum markers for excluding high-risk varices in patients who do not meet Baveno VI criteria

BACKGROUND The Baveno VI criteria for predicting esophageal varices, i.e., liver stiffness measurement (LSM)< 20 kPa and platelet (PLT) count > 150 × 109/L, identify patients who can safely avoid gastroscopy screening. However, they require further refinement. AIM To evaluate the utility of LSM and serum markers of liver fibrosis in ruling out high-risk varices (HRV) in patients who do not meet Baveno VI criteria. METHODS Data from 132 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related compensated liver cirrhosis who did not meet the Baveno VI criteria were retrospectively reviewed. MedCalc 15.8 was used to calculate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the accuracy of LSM, PLT count, aspartate aminotransferase (AST)- to-PLT ratio index, Fibrosis-4, and the Lok index in predicting HRV were evaluated according to the area under each ROC curve (AUROC). The utility of LSM, PLT, and serum markers of liver fibrosis stratified by alanine transaminase (ALT) and total bilirubin (TBil) levels was evaluated for ruling out HRV. RESULTS In all patients who did not meet the Baveno VI criteria, the independent risk factors for HRV were LSM and ALT. Only the AUROC of Lok index was above 0.7 for predicting HRV, and at a cutoff value of 0.4531 it could further spare 24.2% of gastroscopies without missing HRVs. The prevalence of HRV was significantly lower in patients with ALT or TBil ≥ 2 upper limit of normal (ULN)(14.3%) than in patients with both ALT and TBil < 2 ULN (34.1%)(P = 0.018). In the 41 patients with ALT and TBil < 2 ULN, LSM had an AUROC for predicting HRV of 0.821. LSM < 20.6 kPa spared 39.0% of gastroscopies without missing HRVs. In the 91 patients with ALT or TBiL ≥ 2 ULN, the Lok index and PLT had AUROCs of 0.814 and 0.741, respectively. Lok index ≤ 0.5596 or PLT > 100 × 109/L further spared 39.6% and 43.9% of gastroscopies, respectively, without missing HRVs. CONCLUSION In HBV-related compensated cirrhosis patients who do not meet Baveno VI criteria, the LSM, PLT, or Lok index cutoff stratified by ALT and TBil accurately identifies more patients without HRV.

sFRP-4, a potential novel serum marker for chronic hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND:The current methods used for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are unsatisfactory.Here,we assessed the serum levels of secreted frizzled related protein 4(s FRP-4)for diagnosing HCC in patients infected with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).METHODS:In 272 patients with CHB enrolled,142 were pa tients with HCC.Thirty-three healthy subjects were recruited as healthy controls.The CHB patients were assigned to a

Matrix-derived serum markers in monitoring liver fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis B treated with interferon alpha

瞄准：为了有希望地评估， 4 选择了浆液纤维变性标记(tenascin， hyaluronan，骨胶原 VI， TIMP-1 ) 以前，在期间并且在有长期的肝炎 B 的孩子的 IFN 治疗以后的 12 瞬间。方法：有长期的肝炎 B 的 47 个连续病人(范围 4-16 年，平均数 8 年) 经历了 IFN 治疗(为 20 wk 的 3 亩 tiw ) 。纤维变性舞台和发炎等级以前以一种使失明的方式被估计并且在治疗的结束以后的 12 瞬间。浆液纤维变性标记用自动化试金被决定。结果：IFN 治疗改进了组织学的发炎但是没在整个组或在亚群改变纤维变性。仅仅 hyaluronan 与组织学的纤维变性显著地相关(r = 0.3383， P = 0.021 ) 。基础纤维变性标记没在应答者(42.5%) 之间并且非不同应答者(57.5%) 。在 IFN 治疗期间，仅仅浆液 tenascin 在整个组并且在显著地减少了非应答者。预告的处理价值什么时候与相比，在治疗以后珍视 12 瞬间， TIMP-1 在所有病人并且在增加了非，应答者，和 hyaluronan 在所有病人并且在应答者减少了。结论：Tenascin 反映与长期的肝炎 B 在孩子的 IFN 治疗期间减少的肝的纤维发生和发炎。TIMP-1 相互关联与非有组织学的纤维变性的反应和 hyaluronan。

Using SELDI-TOF-MS technology for screening serum markers of hepatic carcinoma in rats

Objective:To identify potential serum markers of hepatic carcinoma in rats through Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption Ioniza- tion-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS)Technology.Methods:A rat model of hepatic carcinoma was established. The serum samples of hepatic carcinoma and normal rats were analyzed via SELDI-TOF-MS Technology.The changes of the serum protein fingerprint patterns were observed between the experimental group of hepatic carcinoma and the controls.The analysis was conducted by statistical software-Biomarker Wizard.Results:Fifty-six protein peaks in the serums were found.Within m/z 0-20 000, the protein peaks of m/z 1158,8 835 and 15 302 of hepatic carcinoma serums were obviously higher in the rat models compared with those in the controls(P<0.01).Conclusion:Three peaks were considered as potential biomarkers according to the serum protein fingerprint patterns of the hepatic carcinoma group and the control group.

Efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with thalidomide and S-1 for esophageal carcinoma and its influence on serum tumor markers

BACKGROUND Although the current conventional treatment strategies for esophageal carcinoma(EC)have been proven effective,they are often accompanied by serious adverse events.Therefore,it is still necessary to continue to explore new therapeutic strategies for EC to improve the clinical outcome of patients.AIM To elucidate the clinical efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)with thalidomide(THAL)and S-1(tegafur,gimeracil,and oteracil potassium capsules)in the treatment of EC as well as its influence on serum tumor markers(STMs).METHODS First,62 patients with EC treated at the Zibo 148 Hospital between November 2019 and November 2022 were selected and grouped according to the received treatment.Among these,30 patients undergoing CCRT with cis-platinum and 5-fluorouracil were assigned to the control group(Con),and 32 patients receiving CCRT with THAL and S-1 were assigned to the research group(Res).Second,inter-group comparisons were carried out with respect to curative efficacy,incidence of drug toxicities,STMs[carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125)and macrophage inflammatory protein-3α(MIP-3α)],angiogenesis-related indicators[vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF);VEGF receptor-1(VEGFR-1);basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF);angiogenin-2(Ang-2)],and quality of life(QoL)[QoL core 30(QLQ-C30)]after one month of treatment.RESULTS The analysis showed no statistical difference in the overall response rate and disease control rate between the two patient cohorts;however,the incidences of grade I–II myelosuppression and gastrointestinal reactions were significantly lower in the Res than in the Con.Besides,the post-treatment CA125,MIP-3α,VEGF,VEGFR-1,bFGF,and Ang-2 Levels in the Res were markedly lower compared with the pre-treatment levels and the corresponding post-treatment levels in the Con.Furthermore,more evident improvements in QLQ-C30 scores from the dimensions of physical,role,emotional,and social functions were determined in the Res.CONCLUSION The above results demonstrate the effectiveness of THAL+S-1 CCRT for EC,which contributes to mild side effects and significant reduction of CA125,MIP-3α,VEGF,VEGFR-1,bFGF,and Ang-2 Levels,thus inhibiting tumors from malignant progression and enhancing patients’QoL.

Laparoscopic vs open surgery for gastric cancer: Assessing time, recovery, complications, and markers

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common cancers worldwide.Morbidity and mortality have increased in recent years,making it an urgent issue to address.La-paroscopic radical surgery(LRS)is a crucial method for treating patients with GC;However,its influence on tumor markers is still under investigation.The data of 194 patients treated at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital bet-ween January 2018 and January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients who underwent traditional open surgery and LRS were assigned to the control(n=90)and observation groups(n=104),respectively.Independent sample t-tests andχ2 tests were used to compare the two groups based on clinical efficacy,changes in tumor marker levels after treatment,clinical data,and the incidence of posto-perative complications.To investigate the association between tumor marker levels and clinical efficacy in patients with GC,three-year recurrence rates in the two groups were compared.RESULTS Patients in the observation group had a shorter duration of operation,less in-traoperative blood loss,an earlier postoperative eating time,and a shorter hospital stay than those in the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the number of lymph node dissections(P>0.05).After treatment,the overall response rate in the control group was significantly lower than that in the observation group(P=0.001).Furthermore,after treatment,the levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9,cancer antigen 72-4,carcinoembryonic antigen,and cancer antigen 125 decreased significantly.The observation group also exhibited a significantly lower incidence rate of postoperative complications compared to the control group(P<0.001).Additionally,the two groups did not significantly differ in terms of three-year survival and recurrence rates(P>0.05).CONCLUSION LRS effectively treats early gastric cancer by reducing intraoperative bleeding,length of hospital stays,and postoperative complications.It also significantly lowers tumor marker levels,thus improving the short-term prognosis of the disease.

Serum tumor markers for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma

肝细胞癌(HCC ) 是最经常的恶性瘤之一并且是在中国的癌症死亡的第二个很普通的原因。因此，在它的更早的时期检测这疾病和复发是很重要的。作为为很长时间检测肝细胞癌的有效方法，浆液肿瘤标记能被划分成 4 个范畴：oncofetal 抗原和糖蛋白抗原；酶和 isoenzymes；基因；并且 cytokines。浆液高山哈 fetoprotein (法新社) 是在与肝细胞癌检测病人的最广泛地使用的肿瘤标记，并且被证明了有预示的能力预后。然而， AFP-L3 和 DCP 在把肝细胞癌区分开来与非恶意的肝病并且检测小肝细胞癌胜过法新社，这被显示了。一些肿瘤标记例如人的颈的癌症 oncogene 和人的 telomerase 颠倒 transcriptase mRNA，也被显示了比法新社有更高的精确性。而且，一些另外的肿瘤标记例如 glypican-3， gamma-glutamyl 转移酶 II， alpha-l-fucosidase，转变生长 factor-beta1，肿瘤特定的生长因素，被显示了是到在察觉的法新社的可得到的 supplementaries。法新社 mRNA 被显示了与 HCC 的转移和复发相关，并且预示可以是最有用的标记预后。一些另外的标记例如 gamma-glutamyl 转移酶 mRNA，脉管的内皮生长因素，和 interleukin-8，能也被用作可得到的预示的指示物，和法新社的同时的决心，这些标记可以在它的更早的时期检测 HCC 的复发。

Chronic hepatitis C virus infection:Serum biomarkers inpredicting liver damage

Currently, a major clinical challenge in the management of the increasing number of hepatitis C virus(HCV) infected patients is determining the best means for evaluating liver impairment. Prognosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis C(CHC) are partly dependent on the assessment of histological activity, namely cell necrosis and inflammation, and the degree of liver fibrosis. These parameters can be provided by liver biopsy; however, in addition to the risks related to an invasive procedure, liver biopsy has been associated with sampling error mostly due to suboptimal biopsy size. To avoid these pitfalls, several markers have been proposed as non-invasive alternatives for the diagnosis of liver damage. Distinct approaches among the currently available non-invasive methods are(1) the physical ones based on imaging techniques; and(2) the biological ones based on serum biomarkers. In this review, we discuss these approaches with special focus on currently available non-invasive serum markers. We will discuss:(1) class?Ⅰ?serum biomarkers individually and as combined panels, particularly those that mirror the metabolism of liver extracellular matrix turnover and/or fibrogenic cell changes;(2) class Ⅱ biomarkers that are indirect serum markers and are based on the evaluation of common functional alterations in the liver; and(3) biomarkers of liver cell death, since hepatocyte apoptosis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of HCV infection. We highlight in this review the evidence behind the use of these markers and assess the diagnostic accuracy as well as advantages, limitations, and application in clinical practice of each test for predicting liver damage in CHC.

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, diabetes mellitus and serum nutritional markers after acute pancreatitis

AIM:To investigate impairment and clinical significance of exocrine and endocrine pancreatic function in patients after acute pancreatitis(AP).METHODS:Patients with AP were invited to participate in the study.Severity of AP was determined by the Atlanta classification and definitions revised in2012.Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)was diagnosed by the concentration of fecal elastase-1.An additional work-up,including laboratory testing of serum nutritional markers for determination ofmalnutrition,was offered to all patients with low levels of fecal elastase-1 FE.Hemoglobin A1c or oral glucose tolerance tests were also performed in patients without prior diabetes mellitus,and type 3c diabetes mellitus(T3c DM)was diagnosed according to American Diabetes Association criteria.RESULTS:One hundred patients were included in the study:75%(75/100)of patients had one attack of AP and 25%(25/100)had two or more attacks.The most common etiology was alcohol.Mild,moderately severe and severe AP were present in 67,15 and 18%of patients,respectively.The mean time from attack of AP to inclusion in the study was 2.7 years.PEI was diagnosed in 21%(21/100)of patients and T3c DM in14%(14/100)of patients.In all patients with PEI,at least one serologic nutritional marker was below the lower limit of normal.T3c DM was more frequently present in patients with severe AP(P=0.031),but was also present in some patients with mild and moderately severe AP.PEI was present in all degrees of severity of AP.There were no statistically significantly differences according to gender,etiology and number of AP attacks.CONCLUSION:As exocrine and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency can develop after AP,routine follow-up of patients is necessary,for which serum nutritional panel measurements can be useful.

Validation of serum tumor biomarkers in predicting advanced cystic mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas

BACKGROUND Early detection of advanced cystic mucinous neoplasms[(A-cMNs),defined as high-grade dysplasia or malignancy]of the pancreas is of great significance.As a simple and feasible detection method,serum tumor markers(STMs)may be used to predict advanced intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(IPMNs)and mucinous cystic neoplasms(MCNs).However,there are few studies on the usefulness of STMs other than carbohydrate antigen(CA)19-9 for early detection of A-cMNs.AIM To study the ability of five STMs-CA19-9,carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),CA125,CA724,and CA242 to predict A-cMNs and distinguish IPMNs and MCNs.METHODS We mainly measured the levels of each STM in patients pathologically diagnosed with cMNs.The mean levels of STMs and the number of A-cMN subjects with a higher STM level than the cutoff were compared respectively to identify the ability of STMs to predict A-cMNs and distinguish MCNs from IPMNs.A receiver operating characteristic curve with the area under curve(AUC)was also created to identify the performance of the five STMs.RESULTS A total of 187 patients with cMNs were identified and 72 of them showed AcMNs.We found that CA19-9 exhibited the highest sensitivity(SE)(54.2%)and accuracy(76.5%)and a moderate ability(AUC=0.766)to predict A-cMNs.In predicting high-grade dysplasia IPMNs,the SE of CA19-9 decreased to 38.5%.The ability of CEA,CA125,and CA724 to predict A-cMNs was low(AUC=0.651,0.583,and 0.618,respectively).The predictive ability of CA242 was not identified.The combination of STMs improved the SE to 62.5%.CA125 may be specific to the diagnosis of advanced MCNs.CONCLUSION CA19-9 has a moderate ability,and CEA,CA125,and CA724 have a low ability to predict A-cMNs.The combination of STM testing could improve SE in predicting A-cMNs.

前瞻性靶向护理对老年脑胶质瘤患者术后血清创伤标记物及精神心理状态的影响

目的探究前瞻性靶向护理干预措施对老年脑胶质瘤患者术后血清创伤性标记物及术后精神心理状态的影响。方法采用随机对照研究方法,选取2021年11月—2023年11月于上海市静安区中心医院重症医学科进行治疗的94例老年脑胶质瘤术后患者,根据入院编号单双号,采用随机信封抽签原则将纳入对象分为观察组(n=47)与对照组(n=47)。患者均在全麻下行手术治疗,观察组予前瞻性靶向护理干预措施,对照组予以神经外科围手术期常规护理,2组干预观察时间均为14 d。分别于干预前后检测并比较2组患者血清应激反应指标[促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、皮质醇(Cs)]水平、氧化损伤指标[肌红蛋白(MYo)、缺血修饰清蛋白(IMA)、八廓环磷酰胺(TAC)]水平、血清疼痛指标[皮质醇(Cor)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)]水平;同时采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、世界卫生组织生活质量简表(QOL-BREF)量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评估并比较2组患者神经功能缺损程度、生活质量情况、抑郁及焦虑程度。结果干预14 d,2组患者血清Cor、IL-6、PGE2、IMA、MYo、Cs、ACTH均明显低于同组干预前(P<0.01),且观察组较对照组更低(P<0.01);而2组患者血清TAC均明显高于同组干预前,且观察组较对照组更高(P<0.01);2组HAMA、HAMD、NIHSS评分均明显低于同组干预前(P<0.01),且观察组较对照组更低(P<0.01);而2组QOL-BREF评分均明显高于同组干预前(P<0.01),且观察组较对照组更高(P<0.01)。结论前瞻性靶向护理干预措施可能有效改善老年脑胶质瘤患者术后的心理应激反应,缓解其术后精神心理状态,同时可明显减轻手术创伤对患者的疼痛程度,减轻氧化应激损伤,有助于促进患者提高生活质量。

92031例癌症患者HBV血清标志物特征分析

目的了解癌症患者乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)的感染状态和感染特点。方法回顾性分析2017年7月26日至2023年9月18日于广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院确诊的92031例癌症患者的HBV血清标志物检测结果,以肝癌、非肝癌进行分组,比较未感染(全阴或Anti-HBs阳性)、感染(除外Anti-HBs任何一项阳性)、隐性感染(occult hepatitis B virus infection,OBI;HBsAg阴性、血清或肝组织HBV DNA阳性)的占比。结果92031例癌症患者的HBV总感染率为73.75%(67876/92031),其中肝癌患者的HBV总感染率为97.65%(8922/9137),非肝癌患者的HBV总感染率为71.12%(58954/82894),肝癌组的普通感染率和OBI率均显著高于非肝癌组(均P<0.001)。肝癌组HBV血清标志物中HBsAg、HBeAg、Anti-HBe、Anti-HBc的阳性率明显高于非肝癌组(均P<0.001),但Anti-HBs的阳性率低于非肝癌组(P<0.001)。肝癌组和非肝癌组分别有20种和27种血清标志物组合模式,其中14种模式构成比在两组间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001);两组均有7种OBI血清组合模式,其中5种模式构成比在两组间的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论癌症患者HBV感染状态和血清学组合模式复杂,区分肝癌与非肝癌进行HBV感染统计更利于癌症患者的HBV感染评估。

低剂量CT结合SHOX2、RASSF1A甲基化在肺癌早期预警中的应用

目的探讨低剂量CT结合Ras相关区域家族蛋白1A(RASSF1A)、矮小同源盒基因2(SHOX2)甲基化在肺癌早期预测中的应用价值。方法选取2021年1月~2023年1月我院90例拟行肺结节手术患者,根据手术病理学分为肺良性结节组和肺癌组。2组均于术前行低剂量CT检查、SHOX2、RASSF1A甲基化检测,采用Kappa指数分析上述检查结果与手术病理学一致性,分析低剂量CT、SHOX2、RASSF1A甲基化与血清肿瘤标志物[癌胚抗原(CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCC-Ag)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21)]对肺癌诊断效能,采用Spearman低剂量CT检查、SHOX2、RASSF1A甲基化与临床病理特征相关性。结果低剂量CT、SHOX2、RASSF1甲基化及三者联合分别确定40例、43例、46例、58例肺癌,三者联合与手术病理学诊断肺癌效能一致性Kappa值为0.951;三者联合诊断肺癌敏感度96.67%、准确度97.78%均高于三者单一诊断效能(P<0.05);肺癌患者血清CEA、SCC、NSE、CYFRA21水平均高于肺良性结节患者(P<0.05);低剂量CT联合SHOX2、RASSF1甲基化诊断肺癌效能的AUC为0.983,近似于四种血清肿瘤标志物诊断肺癌效能的AUC 0.933;不同肿瘤直径、临床分期、组织学分化肺癌患者低剂量CT检出率及SHOX2、RASSF1A甲基化阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺癌患者低剂量CT检出率、SHOX2及RASSF1A甲基化阳性率与肿瘤直径、临床分期呈正相关,与组织学分化呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论低剂量CT联合SHOX2及RASSF1A甲基化可用于肺癌早期预警中,临床可通过其进行早期诊断、评估病情进展程度,以针对性展开后续治疗,改善预后。

肝动脉介入化疗栓塞术在原发性肝癌术后患者中的应用研究

目的探究肝动脉介入化疗栓塞术对原发性肝癌术后患者的疗效。方法选择100例原发性肝癌患者作为观察对象,按随机数字表法分成2组,各50例。两组均于腹腔镜引导行肿瘤切除术,研究组在术后7 d辅以肝动脉介入化疗栓塞术治疗,治疗后随访2年。对比治疗前后两组肝功能[谷草转氨酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)及谷丙转氨酶(ALT)]、血清肿瘤标志物[糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)及磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖-3(GPC3)]水平、生存质量[生命质量测定量表(QOL-LC)],统计两组术后复发率及生存率。结果与治疗前对比,两组治疗后7 d的血清AST、TBIL、ALT水平均增高,且研究组较对照组更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与治疗前对比,两组治疗后1个月血清CA19-9、AFP、GPC3水平均降低,且研究组较对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与治疗前对比,治疗后1个月两组QOL-LC评分均增高,且研究组[(185.74±12.34)分]较对照组[(164.30±11.55)分]更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组治疗后2年复发率为26.00%(13/50),低于对照组的50.00%(25/50),生存率为84.00%(42/50),高于对照组的64.00%(32/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肝动脉介入化疗栓塞术辅助肿瘤切除术治疗原发性肝癌效果更佳,可有效降低血清肿瘤标志物表达水平,改善肺功能及生存质量,提升临床生存率,利于预后。

保乳术联合前哨淋巴结活检术对乳腺癌患者生活质量、应激水平及血清肿瘤标志物的影响

目的:探究保乳术联合前哨淋巴结活检术对乳腺癌患者生活质量、应激水平及血清肿瘤标志物的影响。方法:回顾性研究常熟市第五人民医院2017年2月—2021年12月收治的102例乳腺癌患者的病例资料。根据治疗方案将其分为对照组和观察组,其中对照组51例接受保乳术治疗,观察组51例接受保乳术联合前哨淋巴结活检术治疗。比较两组手术指标,生活质量的情况、应激水平血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、肾上腺素(AD)、检测血清肿瘤标志物水平。结果:观察组手术时间短于对照组,术后引流量少于对照组(P<0.05)。两组1年后生活质量评分(总体健康、生理职能、生理功能、活力、躯体疼痛、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前0.5 h,两组应激反应相关指标对比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1 d,两组AD、AngⅡ水平均升高(P>0.05),观察组AD、AngⅡ水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术前0.5 h,两组血清癌胚抗原(CEA)和糖类抗原153(CA153)水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1 d,两组血清CA153、CEA水平均低于术前0.5 h(P<0.05),观察组CA153、CEA水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:保乳术联合前哨淋巴结活检术应用于乳腺癌患者治疗中,更有助于缩短手术时间等手术指标,提高患者的生活质量,调节应激反应,且术后短期肿瘤标志物调节水平较低。

发育性颈椎管狭窄与脊髓型颈椎病血清差异蛋白组学分析

背景:课题组前期研究发现气虚血瘀证是脊髓型颈椎病各种中医证型中的主要证型。然而,用于气虚血瘀证发育性颈椎管狭窄向脊髓型颈椎病转化的早期诊断蛋白组学标志物未见相关报道。目的:探讨发育性颈椎管狭窄与脊髓型颈椎病的血清蛋白组学差异质,寻找并鉴定两者之间的潜在血清生物学标志物。方法:分别采集气虚血瘀证脊髓型颈椎病患者(实验组)血清9例、气虚血瘀证发育性颈椎管狭窄(对照组)血清9例,选用同位素相对标记与绝对定量技术(TMT)联合液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)技术进行蛋白组学分析,以此寻找并鉴定差异表达的蛋白质。结果与结论:①TMT技术共筛选出有意义差异蛋白1027种,最终鉴定出显著性差异蛋白89种(P<0.05),其中与对照组比较,实验组中α-肌动蛋白4、α-肌动蛋白1、细胞分裂控制蛋白42同系物、整合素连接蛋白激酶、Β-肌动蛋白等45种蛋白表达上调;纤维连接蛋白、纤维蛋白原γ链、纤维蛋白原α链、纤维蛋白原β链等44种蛋白表达下调;②基于GO富集分析,这些差异蛋白参与了信号受体结合、激酶结合、蛋白激酶活性、整合素结合、肌动蛋白丝结合等分子功能;③KEGG通路分析,筛选20条主要共同差异信号/代谢通路,分别为粘着斑、紧密连接、Rap1信号通路、血小板活化、肌动蛋白细胞骨架的调节等信号通路;④PPI分析表明,气虚血瘀证发育性颈椎管狭窄与脊髓型颈椎病之间的共同差异蛋白中ILK,FGA,FGB,FGG,FN1,CDC42,ACTN1,ACTN4,ACTB等位于蛋白质互作网络的节点,且与骨生成与破坏系统、神经系统、凝血系统、细胞炎症等系统关系密切;⑤结论:采用TMT联合LC-MS/MS技术成功筛选出了气虚血瘀证发育性颈椎管狭窄与脊髓型颈椎病之间的血清差异表达蛋白质,明确了ILK、FN1、CDC42、ACTN4是气虚血瘀证发育性颈椎管狭窄向脊髓型颈椎病转化的特异性标志物,为进一步阐明其转化机制提供了依据。