A K^+-selective electrode and a Na^+-selective electrode were used to construct a measuring cell without liquid-junction for the determination of the ion activity ratio of K^+ to Na^+ in soil suspensions.The measured...A K^+-selective electrode and a Na^+-selective electrode were used to construct a measuring cell without liquid-junction for the determination of the ion activity ratio of K^+ to Na^+ in soil suspensions.The measured cell potential was not affected by the total electrolyte concentration when the total cation concentration was 10^-1-10^-3 mol L^-1 and the concentration ratio Ck+/CNa+ was 10:1 to 1:50.When the concentration ratios were equal to 1 and the total electrolyte concentrations were 10^-2 and 10^-3 mol L^-1,the ion activity ratio measurenent would not be affected by pH in the pH range of 3.5 to 11.5 and 4.4 to 11 respectively.Ions other than H^+ have no remarkable influence on the measurement.The ion activity ratio of K^+ to Na^+ measured directly in soil suspension agree well with those in centrifuged supernant solution.The relative deviation was within 4%.From the measured ion activity ratio,the difference of the bonding energies of K^+ and Na^+ ions was calculated.展开更多
The effects of fluoride ions(F^(-)) on the electrochemical behavior and coordination properties of titanium ions(Ti^(n+)) were studied in this work,by combining electrochemical and mathematical analysis as well as spe...The effects of fluoride ions(F^(-)) on the electrochemical behavior and coordination properties of titanium ions(Ti^(n+)) were studied in this work,by combining electrochemical and mathematical analysis as well as spectral techniques.The α was taken as a factor to indicate the molar concentration ratio of F^(-) and Ti^(n+).Cyclic voltammetry(CV),square wave voltammetry(SWV),and open circuit potential method(OCP)were used to study the electrochemical behavior of titanium ions under conditions of various α,and in-situ sampler was used to prepare molten salt samples when α equal to 0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,and 8.0.And then,samples were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and Raman spectroscopy.The results showed that F^(-) in molten salt can reduce the reduction steps of titanium ions and greatly affects the proportion of valence titanium ions which making the high-valence titanium content increased and more stable.Ti^(2+) cannot be detected in the molten salt when α is higher than 3.0 and finally transferred to titanium ions with higher valence state.Investigation revealed that the mechanism behind those phenomenon is the coordination compounds(TiCl_(j) F_(i)^(m-)) forming.展开更多
目的评价黄疸、溶血、脂血、尿毒症等异常标本中内源性干扰物质对酶法测定血清中钾钠氯结果的影响。方法依据美国国家临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)的EP 7-P文件,分别用间接离子选择性电极(ISE)和酶法测定正常对照组(非黄疸、溶血、脂...目的评价黄疸、溶血、脂血、尿毒症等异常标本中内源性干扰物质对酶法测定血清中钾钠氯结果的影响。方法依据美国国家临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)的EP 7-P文件,分别用间接离子选择性电极(ISE)和酶法测定正常对照组(非黄疸、溶血、脂血)、黄疸组、溶血组、脂血组、尿毒症组标本中钾钠氯,对结果进行统计学分析。结果正常对照组,酶法钠氯均高于ISE(P<0.05),钾在两种方法间无差异;溶血、黄疸对酶法测定钾钠氯均无干扰(P>0.05);脂血(TG<15mm o l/L)对酶法测定钾氯无干扰,钠呈负偏差,但酶法不能测定严重脂血标本(TG>15 mm o l/L)中钾钠氯,脂血标本中钠偏倚与甘油三酯、胆固醇浓度不相关(r=0.06,r=0.10);尿毒症组样品中钾与对照组呈负偏差(P<0.05),与CREA、BUN的浓度间弱相关(r=0.31,r=0.26),而尿毒症组标本中钠氯较正常对照组呈正偏差(P<0.05),与CREA、BUN浓度间无相关性(r=0.07,r=0.05)。结论溶血、黄疸、轻中度脂血对酶法测定钾钠氯无干扰,但不能用于分析严重脂血标本、尿毒症标本的钾钠氯测定。展开更多
文摘A K^+-selective electrode and a Na^+-selective electrode were used to construct a measuring cell without liquid-junction for the determination of the ion activity ratio of K^+ to Na^+ in soil suspensions.The measured cell potential was not affected by the total electrolyte concentration when the total cation concentration was 10^-1-10^-3 mol L^-1 and the concentration ratio Ck+/CNa+ was 10:1 to 1:50.When the concentration ratios were equal to 1 and the total electrolyte concentrations were 10^-2 and 10^-3 mol L^-1,the ion activity ratio measurenent would not be affected by pH in the pH range of 3.5 to 11.5 and 4.4 to 11 respectively.Ions other than H^+ have no remarkable influence on the measurement.The ion activity ratio of K^+ to Na^+ measured directly in soil suspension agree well with those in centrifuged supernant solution.The relative deviation was within 4%.From the measured ion activity ratio,the difference of the bonding energies of K^+ and Na^+ ions was calculated.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51804277)the State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,China(No.CNMRCUKF2008)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Special Rare Metal Materials,China(No.SKL2020K004)the Northwest Rare Metal Materials Research Institute,China。
文摘The effects of fluoride ions(F^(-)) on the electrochemical behavior and coordination properties of titanium ions(Ti^(n+)) were studied in this work,by combining electrochemical and mathematical analysis as well as spectral techniques.The α was taken as a factor to indicate the molar concentration ratio of F^(-) and Ti^(n+).Cyclic voltammetry(CV),square wave voltammetry(SWV),and open circuit potential method(OCP)were used to study the electrochemical behavior of titanium ions under conditions of various α,and in-situ sampler was used to prepare molten salt samples when α equal to 0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,and 8.0.And then,samples were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and Raman spectroscopy.The results showed that F^(-) in molten salt can reduce the reduction steps of titanium ions and greatly affects the proportion of valence titanium ions which making the high-valence titanium content increased and more stable.Ti^(2+) cannot be detected in the molten salt when α is higher than 3.0 and finally transferred to titanium ions with higher valence state.Investigation revealed that the mechanism behind those phenomenon is the coordination compounds(TiCl_(j) F_(i)^(m-)) forming.
文摘目的评价黄疸、溶血、脂血、尿毒症等异常标本中内源性干扰物质对酶法测定血清中钾钠氯结果的影响。方法依据美国国家临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)的EP 7-P文件,分别用间接离子选择性电极(ISE)和酶法测定正常对照组(非黄疸、溶血、脂血)、黄疸组、溶血组、脂血组、尿毒症组标本中钾钠氯,对结果进行统计学分析。结果正常对照组,酶法钠氯均高于ISE(P<0.05),钾在两种方法间无差异;溶血、黄疸对酶法测定钾钠氯均无干扰(P>0.05);脂血(TG<15mm o l/L)对酶法测定钾氯无干扰,钠呈负偏差,但酶法不能测定严重脂血标本(TG>15 mm o l/L)中钾钠氯,脂血标本中钠偏倚与甘油三酯、胆固醇浓度不相关(r=0.06,r=0.10);尿毒症组样品中钾与对照组呈负偏差(P<0.05),与CREA、BUN的浓度间弱相关(r=0.31,r=0.26),而尿毒症组标本中钠氯较正常对照组呈正偏差(P<0.05),与CREA、BUN浓度间无相关性(r=0.07,r=0.05)。结论溶血、黄疸、轻中度脂血对酶法测定钾钠氯无干扰,但不能用于分析严重脂血标本、尿毒症标本的钾钠氯测定。
