Optimization of Web Service Testing Task Assignment in Crowdtesting Environment

Crowdtesting has emerged as an attractive and economical testing paradigm that features testers from different countries,with various backgrounds and working conditions.Recent developments in crowdsourcing testing suggest that it is feasible to manage test populations and processes,but they are often outside the scope of standard testing theory.This paper explores how to allocate service-testing tasks to proper testers in an ever-changing crowdsourcing environment.We formalize it as an optimization problem with the objective to ensure the testing quality of the crowds,while considering influencing factors such as knowledge capability,the rewards,the network connections,and the geography and the skills required.To solve the proposed problem,we design a task assignment algorithm based on the Differential Evolution(DE)algorithm.Extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in real and synthetic data,and the results show better performance compared with other heuristic-based algorithms.

Implementation Method of Non-Intrusive Monitoring Mechanism for Web Services Testing

In web services testing, accessing the interactive contents of measured Services and the information of service condition accurately are the key issues of system design and realization. A non-intrusive solution based on axis2 is presented to overcome the difficulty of the information retrieval in web service testing. It can be plugged in server side or client side freely to test pre-deployed or deployed web services. Moreover, it provides a monitoring interface and the corresponding subscription publication mechanism for users based on web services to support the quality assurance grounded on service-oriented architecture （SOA） application service.

Understanding Health Worker Perspectives on Risk Screening for HIV Testing—A Qualitative Study from Zimbabwe

Background: Zimbabwe recorded a 55% increase in HIV testing from 2011 to 2018 but with decreasing HIV-testing yields from 20% to 6% respectively as we aim to identify the narrowing gap of undiagnosed people living with HIV. As such adoption of screening tools during targeted HIV testing services improves efficiency by identifying individuals who are likely to test positive. Effective utilization of screening tools requires an understanding of health care worker perception and willingness to use the tools. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study among healthcare workers at 8 selected primary healthcare facilities in Zimbabwe. Interviewer-guided, in-depth interviews were conducted with healthcare workers and their immediate supervisors. Thematic analysis was performed following a framework built around the grounded theory model to describe perspectives that influence the utilization of HIV screening tools and suggestions for improved eligibility screening. Results: Behavioural factors facilitating the utilisation of the screening tool included motivation to adhere to standard practice, awareness of screening in targeting testing, and its ability to manage workload through screening out ineligible clients. This was evident across service delivery levels. Barriers included limited healthcare capacity, confidentiality space, multiple screening tools and opaque screening in/out criteria and the potential of clients not responding to screening questions truthfully. Conclusions: Across geographical and service delivery levels, placing screening tools at HIV testing entry points, healthcare worker knowledge on screening in/out criteria emerged as enablers for correct and consistent utilization. Further, standardizing the tools and adopting a decision aid algorithm would improve the accurate utilisation of screening tools.

A framework for interoperability of BPEL-based workflows

With the prevalence of service-oriented architecture （SOA）, web services have become the dominating technology to construct workflow systems. As a workflow is the composition of a series of interrelated web services which realize its activities, the interoperability of workflows can be treated as the composition of web services. To address it, a framework for interoperability of business process execution language （BPEL）-based workflows is presented, which can perform three phases, that is, transformation, eonformance test and execution. The core components of the framework are proposed, especially how these components promote interoperability. In particular, dynamic binding and re-composition of work-flows in terms of web service testing are presented. Besides, an example of business-to-business （B2B） collaboration is provided to illustrate how to perform composition and conformance test.

Microrod structure and properties of Sb-doped Ti/SnO_2 anodes prepared by magnetron sputtering

Cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry have been used to study the Sb-doped Ti/SnO2 anodes prepared by magnetron sputtering. The results showed that magnetron sputtering condition influenced the surface morphology and the properties of the anodes. After the Ti substrate was tempered in Ar at 600 ℃ for 1 h, Till1.5 on the surface generated from the acid etching was replaced by needle-like TiO2. The SnO2 coating on the above Ti substrate by magnetron sputtering with post-annealing was comprised of microrod and different with the traditional Ti/ SnO2 anode. The accelerated service life test showed that the microrod SnO2 anode gained the longest service time. The anode exhibited oscillations in the chronopotentiometry curves, and the microrod SnO2 coating almost dissolved after the life test. A model of layer-by-layer degradation mechanism for the anode was proposed.