基于七自由度(seven degrees of freedom,7-DOF)机械手臂的结构和自运动特性,提出通过对关节位置进行几何分析,求解机械臂逆运动学的方法.该方法在自运动构型的基础上,以0坐标系为其他坐标系的基系,根据同一向量在不同坐标系之间的投影...基于七自由度(seven degrees of freedom,7-DOF)机械手臂的结构和自运动特性,提出通过对关节位置进行几何分析,求解机械臂逆运动学的方法.该方法在自运动构型的基础上,以0坐标系为其他坐标系的基系,根据同一向量在不同坐标系之间的投影特性与关节角之间存在着的对应关系,实现对七自由度机械臂逆运动学的求解.该方法能够求解出针对任一特定末端位姿的所有理论逆解.通过引入机械臂优化的二次目标,对所有理论逆解进行优化,可得最优逆解用于机械臂控制.与梯度投影法等通用算法相比,该方法具有直观简练、计算量小等优点,且不同的末端位姿求解过程互不影响,对系列性末端位姿连续求解不存在累积误差.展开更多
Human-robot interaction(HRI) is fundamental for human-centered robotics, and has been attracting intensive research for more than a decade. The series elastic actuator(SEA) provides inherent compliance, safety and fur...Human-robot interaction(HRI) is fundamental for human-centered robotics, and has been attracting intensive research for more than a decade. The series elastic actuator(SEA) provides inherent compliance, safety and further benefits for HRI, but the introduced elastic element also brings control difficulties. In this paper, we address the stiffness rendering problem for a cable-driven SEA system, to achieve either low stiffness for good transparency or high stiffness bigger than the physical spring constant, and to assess the rendering accuracy with quantified metrics. By taking a velocity-sourced model of the motor, a cascaded velocity-torque-impedance control structure is established. To achieve high fidelity torque control, the 2-DOF(degree of freedom) stabilizing control method together with a compensator has been used to handle the competing requirements on tracking performance, noise and disturbance rejection,and energy optimization in the cable-driven SEA system. The conventional passivity requirement for HRI usually leads to a conservative design of the impedance controller, and the rendered stiffness cannot go higher than the physical spring constant. By adding a phase-lead compensator into the impedance controller,the stiffness rendering capability was augmented with guaranteed relaxed passivity. Extensive simulations and experiments have been performed, and the virtual stiffness has been rendered in the extended range of 0.1 to 2.0 times of the physical spring constant with guaranteed relaxed passivity for physical humanrobot interaction below 5 Hz. Quantified metrics also verified good rendering accuracy.展开更多
To develop the guided spin-stabilized projectiles with high hit precision,a class of dual-spinning stabilized projectile equipped with canards in atmospheric is studied.The 7 degrees of freedom(DOF) nonlinear equation...To develop the guided spin-stabilized projectiles with high hit precision,a class of dual-spinning stabilized projectile equipped with canards in atmospheric is studied.The 7 degrees of freedom(DOF) nonlinear equations are written in a non-rolling body frame.The work reported here focuses on the ballistic property analysis including the spin rates,incidence angle,ballistic drift and lateral velocity.The dual-spinning projectiles are fundamentally less stable than conventional spin-stabilized projectiles.Hence,the gyroscopic stability is also studied in this paper.Theoretical models are given in this work,and the results of numerical analysis are discussed.展开更多
This paper uses a 7-degree-of-freedom(7-DOF)manipulator end-effector to research inverse kinematics solution,Three methods are used and compared,including fixing an angle method,the iteration method and the neutral ne...This paper uses a 7-degree-of-freedom(7-DOF)manipulator end-effector to research inverse kinematics solution,Three methods are used and compared,including fixing an angle method,the iteration method and the neutral network method.By comparison,the iteration method is much better because of its high accuracy,fast speed and stabilization,and it does not require calculation of the pseudoinverse of the Jacobian.Thus,this control scheme is well suited for real-time implementation,which is essential if the end-effector trajectory is continuously modified based on sensor's feedback.Finally,using VC++and Microsoft foundation classes(MFC)to achieve the main machine interface.Through verification,the precision meets the requirements of general control system in real-time implementation.展开更多
文摘基于七自由度(seven degrees of freedom,7-DOF)机械手臂的结构和自运动特性,提出通过对关节位置进行几何分析,求解机械臂逆运动学的方法.该方法在自运动构型的基础上,以0坐标系为其他坐标系的基系,根据同一向量在不同坐标系之间的投影特性与关节角之间存在着的对应关系,实现对七自由度机械臂逆运动学的求解.该方法能够求解出针对任一特定末端位姿的所有理论逆解.通过引入机械臂优化的二次目标,对所有理论逆解进行优化,可得最优逆解用于机械臂控制.与梯度投影法等通用算法相比,该方法具有直观简练、计算量小等优点,且不同的末端位姿求解过程互不影响,对系列性末端位姿连续求解不存在累积误差.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61403215)the National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(13JCYBJC36600)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Human-robot interaction(HRI) is fundamental for human-centered robotics, and has been attracting intensive research for more than a decade. The series elastic actuator(SEA) provides inherent compliance, safety and further benefits for HRI, but the introduced elastic element also brings control difficulties. In this paper, we address the stiffness rendering problem for a cable-driven SEA system, to achieve either low stiffness for good transparency or high stiffness bigger than the physical spring constant, and to assess the rendering accuracy with quantified metrics. By taking a velocity-sourced model of the motor, a cascaded velocity-torque-impedance control structure is established. To achieve high fidelity torque control, the 2-DOF(degree of freedom) stabilizing control method together with a compensator has been used to handle the competing requirements on tracking performance, noise and disturbance rejection,and energy optimization in the cable-driven SEA system. The conventional passivity requirement for HRI usually leads to a conservative design of the impedance controller, and the rendered stiffness cannot go higher than the physical spring constant. By adding a phase-lead compensator into the impedance controller,the stiffness rendering capability was augmented with guaranteed relaxed passivity. Extensive simulations and experiments have been performed, and the virtual stiffness has been rendered in the extended range of 0.1 to 2.0 times of the physical spring constant with guaranteed relaxed passivity for physical humanrobot interaction below 5 Hz. Quantified metrics also verified good rendering accuracy.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.11472136,11402117)
文摘To develop the guided spin-stabilized projectiles with high hit precision,a class of dual-spinning stabilized projectile equipped with canards in atmospheric is studied.The 7 degrees of freedom(DOF) nonlinear equations are written in a non-rolling body frame.The work reported here focuses on the ballistic property analysis including the spin rates,incidence angle,ballistic drift and lateral velocity.The dual-spinning projectiles are fundamentally less stable than conventional spin-stabilized projectiles.Hence,the gyroscopic stability is also studied in this paper.Theoretical models are given in this work,and the results of numerical analysis are discussed.
基金Shandong Province Science and Technology Development Plan(No. 2011SJGZ02)Shandong University of Science and Technology Graduate Innovation Fund(No.YCA120355)
文摘This paper uses a 7-degree-of-freedom(7-DOF)manipulator end-effector to research inverse kinematics solution,Three methods are used and compared,including fixing an angle method,the iteration method and the neutral network method.By comparison,the iteration method is much better because of its high accuracy,fast speed and stabilization,and it does not require calculation of the pseudoinverse of the Jacobian.Thus,this control scheme is well suited for real-time implementation,which is essential if the end-effector trajectory is continuously modified based on sensor's feedback.Finally,using VC++and Microsoft foundation classes(MFC)to achieve the main machine interface.Through verification,the precision meets the requirements of general control system in real-time implementation.
