Effect of acupoint application combined with microwave treatment on the intestine barrier functional disturbance of moderately severe acute pancreatitis

Objective: To explore and analyze the effect of acupoint application combined with microwave treatment on the intestinal barrier dysfunction with moderately severe acute pancreatitis. Methods: A convenient sample of 90 moderately severe acute pancreatitis was selected from March 2017 to December 2017 in the comprehensive hospital with third grade in Tianjin. The patients were divided into group A (acupoint application combined with microwave treatment), group B (acupoint application) and group C (routine nursing). Thirty patients were included in each group. This study need to get the informed consent of the patients. Acupoint application combined with microwave treatment was used, basing on routine nursing measures in group A. Acupoint application was used by the same way and the same traditional Chinese medicine ,basing on routine nursing measures in group B. Routine nursing used in group C. C-reactive protein and the score of intestinal function were measured on 3 th day, 7 th day and 10 th day, after intervention. To record the effective ratio of the treatment after 10 days of intervention. Results: There are significant statistical difference among the three group after intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In some way, acupoint application combined with microwave treatment are able to decrease the time about the recovery of intestinal barrier dysfunction in moderately severe acute pancreatitis and to alleviate the suffering of patients.

Comparison of early enteral nutrition in severe acute pancreatitis with prebiotic fiber supplementation versus standard enteral solution:A prospective randomized double-blind study

AIM: To compare the benefi cial effects of early enteral nutrition (EN) with prebiotic fiber supplementation in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (AP).METHODS: Thirty consecutive patients with severe AP, who required stoppage of oral feeding for 48 h, were randomly assigned to nasojejunal EN with or without prebiotics. APACHE Ⅱ score, Balthazar’s CT score and CRP were assessed daily during the study period.RESULTS: The median duration of hospital stay was shorter in the study group [10 ± 4 (8-14) d vs 15 ± 6 (7-26) d] (P < 0.05). The median value of days in intensive care unit was also similar in both groups [6 ± 2 (5-8) d vs 6 ± 2 (5-7) d]. The median duration of EN was 8 ± 4 (6-12) d vs 10 ± 4 (6-13) d in the study and control groups, respectively (P > 0.05). Deaths occurred in 6 patients (20%), 2 in the study group and 4 in the control group. The mean duration of APACHE Ⅱ normalization (APACHE Ⅱ score < 8) was shorter in the study group than in the control group (4 ± 2 d vs 6.5 ± 3 d, P < 0.05). The mean duration of CRP normalization was also shorter in the study group than in the control group (7 ± 2 d vs 10 ± 3 d, P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Nasojejunal EN with prebiotic fiber supplementation in severe AP improves hospital stay, duration nutrition therapy, acute phase response and overall complications compared to standard EN therapy.

How severe is moderately severe acute pancreatitis? Clinical validation of revised 2012 Atlanta Classification

AIM To explore the outcomes and the appropriate treatment for patients with moderately severe acute pancreatitis(AP).METHODS Statistical analysis was performed on data from the prospectively collected database of 103 AP patients admitted to the Department of Surgery,Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences in 2008-2013. All patients were confirmed to have the diagnosis of AP during the first 24 h following admission. The severity of pancreatitis was assessed by MODS and APACHE Ⅱ scale. Clinical course was re-evaluated after 24,48 and 72 h. All patients were categorized into 3 groups based on Atlanta 2012 classification: Mild,moderately severe,and severe.Outcomes and management in moderately severe group were also compared to mild and severe cases according to Atlanta 1992 and 2012 classification.RESULTS Fifty-three-point four percent of patients had edematous while 46.6 % were diagnosed with necrotic AP. The most common cause of AP was alcohol(42.7%) followed by alimentary(26.2%),biliary(26.2%) and idiopathic(4.9%). Under Atlanta 1992 classification 56(54.4%) cases were classified as "mild" and 47(45.6%) as "severe". Using the revised classification(Atlanta 2012),the patient stratification was different: 49(47.6%) mild,27(26.2%) moderately severe and 27(26.2%) severe AP cases. The two severe groups(Atlanta 1992 and Revised Atlanta 2012) did not show statistically significant differences in clinical parameters,including ICU stay,need for interventional treatment,infected pancreatic necrosis or mortality rates. The moderately severe group of 27 patients(according to Atlanta 2012) had significantly better outcomes when compared to those 47 patients classified as severe form of AP(according to Atlanta 1992) with lower incidence of necrosis and sepsis,lower APACHE Ⅱ(P = 0.002) and MODS(P = 0.001) scores,shorter ICU stay,decreased need for interventional and surgical treatment.CONCLUSION Study shows that Atlanta 2012 criteria are more accurate,reduce unnecessary treatments for patients with mild and moderate severe pancreatitis,potentially resulting in health costs savings.

Diagnosis and Management of Severe Acute Pancreatitis Complicated with Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

Presented in this paper is our experience in the diagnosis and management of abdominal compartment syndrome during severe acute pancreatitis. On the basis of the history of severe acute pancreatitis, after effective fluid resuscitation, if patients developed renal, pulmonary and cardiac insufficiency after abdominal expansion and abdominal wall tension, ACS should be considered. Cystometry could be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Emergency decompressive celiotomy and temporary abdominal closure with a 3 liter sterile plastic bag must be performed. It is also critical to prevent reperfusion syndrome. In 23 cases of ACS, 18 cases received emergency decompressive celiotomy and 5 cases did not. In the former, 3 patients died (16.7 %) while in the later, 4 (80%) died. Total mortality rate was 33.3% (7/21). In 7 death cases, 4 patients developed acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis (AOSC). All the patients who received emergency decompressive celiotomy 5 h after confirmation of ACS survived. The definitive abdominal closure took place mostly 3 to 5 days after emergency decompressive celiotomy, with longest time being 8 days. 6 cases of ACS at infection stage were all attributed to infected necrosis in abdominal cavity and retroperitoneum. ACS could occur in SIRS stage and infection stage during SAP, and has different pathophysiological basis. Early diagnosis, emergency decompressive celiotomy and temporary abdominal closure with a 3L sterile plastic bag are the keys to the management of the condition.

Study progress in therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine monomer in severe acute pancreatitis

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a common acute abdomen clinical problem characterized by high mortality, mul-tiple complications, complicated pathogenesis and difficult treatment. Recent studies found traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers have markedly good effect for treating SAP. Many TCM monomers can inhibit pancreatin, resist inflammation, im-prove microcirculation and immunoloregulation, etc. to block the pathological progress of SAP in multiple ways, reduce com-plications and lower mortality with rapid effects. It is significant for enhancing SAP treatment to deeply understand the current situation in TCM monomers for treating SAP and take precious references therein. This article summarizes the treating effects and mechanisms of TCM monomers for SAP in recent years.

Analysis of the risk factors for severity in post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: The indication of prophylactic treatments

To determine the risk factors of severe post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (sPEP) and clarify the indication of prophylactic treatments. METHODSAt our hospital, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed on 1507 patients from May 2012 to December 2015. Of these patients, we enrolled all 121 patients that were diagnosed with post endoscopic retrograde PEP. Fourteen of 121 patients diagnosed as sPEP were analyzed. RESULTSForty-one patients had contrast media remaining in the pancreatic duct after completion of ERCP. Seventy-one patients had abdominal pain within three hours after ERCP. These were significant differences for sPEP (P < 0.05). The median of Body mass index, the median time for ERCP, the median serum amylase level of the next day, past histories including drinking and smoking, past history of pancreatitis, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, whether emergency or not, expertise of ERCP procedure, diverticulum nearby Vater papilla, whether there was sphincterotomy or papillary balloon dilation, pancreatic duct cannulation, use of intra-ductal ultrasonography enforcement, and transpapillary biopsies had no significant differences with sPEP. CONCLUSIONContrast media remaining in the pancreatic duct and the appearance of abdominal pain within three hours after ERCP were risk factors of sPEP.

Treatment of severe acute pancreatitis through retroperitoneal laparoscopic drainage

A treatment method based on drainage via retroperitoneal laparoscopy was adopted for 15 severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)patients to investigate the feasibility of the method.Ten patients received only drainage via retroperitoneal laparoscopy,four patients received drainage via both retroperitoneal and preperitoneal laparoscopy,and one patient received drainage via conversion to laparotomy.Thirteen patients exhibited a good drainage effect and were successfully cured without any other surgical treatment.Two patients had encapsulated effusions or pancreatic pseudocysts after surgery,but were successfully cured after lavage and B ultrasound-guided percutaneous catheter drainage.SAP treatment via retroperitoneal laparoscopic drainage is an effective surgical method,resulting in minor injury.

Review:Advances in researches on the immune dysregulation and therapy of severe acute pancreatitis

During the development and progression of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) ,conspicuous immune dysregulation develops,which is mainly manifested as excessive immune response in the early stage and immunosuppression in the late stage. This process involves complex changes in a variety of immune molecules and cells,such as cytokines,complements,lymphocytes,and leukocytes. With the gradual deepening of studies on the development and progression of SAP,the role of immune dysregulation in the pathogenesis of SAP has attracted more and more attention. In this article,we review the advances in research on the immune dysregulation in SAP and the immunotherapy of this disease through exploring the formation of excessive immune response and immune suppression as well as their mutual transformation.

Acute diverticulitis in younger patients:Any rationale for a different approach?

AIM:To compare the natural history and course of acute diverticulitis in a younger age group with an older population and to evaluate whether younger patients should be managed differently. METHODS:This study was a retrospective review of 157 patients treated with acute diverticulitis between January 1,2004 and December 31,2007.Diverticulitis was stratified according to the Hinchey classification. Patients were divided into 2 populations:group A≤ 50 years(n=31) ;group B>50 years(n=126) .Mean patient follow-up was 15 mo. RESULTS:The median age was 60 years.A significantly higher proportion of patients in group B presented with complicated diverticulitis(36.5%vs 12.9%,P=0.01) .Recurrence was more frequent in group A(25.8%vs 11.1%,P=0.03) and the mean time-torecurrence was shorter(12 mo vs 28 mo,P=0.26) . The most severe recurrent episodes of acute diverticulitis were classified as Hinchey stageⅠand none of the patients required emergency surgery.In multivariate analysis,only age(P=0.024) was identified as an independent prognostic factor for recurrence. CONCLUSION:Based on the results of this study,we recommend that diverticulitis management should be based on the severity of the disease and not on the age of the patient.

重症急性胰腺炎患者急救护理流程再造及应用效果

目的:探讨重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)患者急救护理流程再造及应用效果。方法:选取2019年1月—2022年1月样本医院收治的94例SAP患者作为研究对象,将2019年1月—2020年6月样本医院收治的47例SAP患者设为对照组,将2020年7月—2021年12月应用基于流程再造理论重组院内SAP急救护理流程的47例SAP患者设为研究组,比较两组患者急救效率和救治结局。结果:研究组分诊时间、候诊时间和就诊时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=12.743、9.136、7.075,P<0.05)。研究组再入院率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.424,P<0.05)。死亡率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.261,P>0.05)。研究组满意度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=6.231,P<0.001)。结论:对SAP患者应用基于流程再造理论重组急救护理流程,可提高SAP急救效果,改善患者救治结局。

重症急性胰腺炎评分量表及诊疗进展

重症急性胰腺炎死亡率高、病情变化快且常伴有一种甚至多种并发症。此文通过对各种胰腺炎评分量表的适用范围及优缺点的学习有助于临床医师评估病情及判断预后,同时文章对于重症急性胰腺炎的诊断、治疗进行了综述,以期为临床医生对于重症急性胰腺炎的诊疗提供参考。

早期手术治疗胆源性急性胰腺炎患者的临床疗效

目的 探讨对胆源性急性胰腺炎患者实施手术治疗后的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年2月—2022年4月烟台市烟台山医院收治的50例胆源性急性胰腺炎患者为研究对象,依据投掷硬币法分为参照组和研究组,各25例。参照组采用普外延期手术方法完成疾病治疗;研究组采用普外早期手术方法完成疾病治疗。比较两组患者的治疗总有效率、临床指标情况以及并发症总发生率。结果 研究组患者治疗总有效率(100.00%)高于参照组(76.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.734,P<0.05)。研究组患者术后24 h引流量、住院时间、急性生理学和慢性健康状况Ⅱ评分(Acute Physiology And Chronic Health EvaluationsⅡ,APACHEⅡ)均优于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组并发症总发生率低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 同普外延期手术方法比较,普外早期手术方法的有效应用,可以提升患者疗效,减少术后24 h引流量,缩短住院时间,降低APACHEⅡ评分,减少并发症的发生,获得的效果显著。

乌司他丁联合生长抑素治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床疗效分析

目的探究乌司他丁联合生长抑素治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床疗效。方法便利选取山东省济南市章丘区中医医院于2019年6月-2023年9月收治的78例重症急性胰腺炎患者为研究对象,采用密闭信封法分为对照组和研究组,各39例。所有患者均采用常规治疗,对照组在此基础上使用生长抑素,研究组在对照组基础上静脉注射乌司他丁。对比两组临床疗效及不良反应发生率,检测肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6、C反应蛋白、淀粉酶、谷丙转氨酶、肌酐水平,并对比生活质量简表(World Health Organization Quality of Life-100,WHOQOL-100)评分。结果研究组治疗总有效率为97.44%,高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.924,P=0.048)。治疗后,研究组各项血清指标水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。两组不良反应发生率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,研究组WHOQOL-100评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论重症急性胰腺炎患者应用乌司他丁联合生长抑素治疗效果显著,可提高治疗有效率,改善血清指标水平,用药安全性较高,从而提高患者生活质量。

重症急性胰腺炎诱发胃黏膜剥脱大出血1例

急性胰腺炎(acutepancreatitis,AP)病情进展快、个体差异大、隐匿性强,常伴有胰腺脓肿、休克、多脏器功能衰竭等严重并发症,但AP所致的胃黏膜剥脱伴大出血在临床较罕见。本文回顾性分析1例因重症AP诱发胃黏膜剥脱并消化道出血的临床病例,探讨该病例的诊断、治疗及预后等,以期加强对重症AP罕见并发症的临床认识,并为其临床诊治提供参考。

通腑解毒汤联合常规西医治疗重症急性胰腺炎的效果

目的:探讨通腑解毒汤联合常规西医治疗重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)的临床效果。方法:选取2021年1月—2023年12月毕节市中医医院收治的65例SAP患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为对照组(n=33)及观察组(n=32)。对照组行常规西医治疗,观察组加用通腑解毒汤治疗,持续10 d。比较两组临床疗效、症状消失时间、血流动力学指标、炎症水平、急性生理与慢性健康状况(APACHEⅡ)评分、Marshall多脏器功能障碍(MODS)评分。结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组发热消失时间、腹痛消失时间、呕吐消失时间、血清淀粉酶复常时间及首次排便时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组心率(HR)、血乳酸(BL)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)低于对照组,平均动脉压(MAP)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组APACHEⅡ评分、MODS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:通腑解毒汤联合常规西医治疗SAP患者效果显著,可加快体内炎症消退,纠正心率、血压异常,促进疾病症状消失。

蔡炳勤教授论重症急性胰腺炎的“膜原-三焦-卫气营血”病机轴

重症急性胰腺炎的治疗目前采用多学科综合治疗及护理模式,其中中医药在重症急性胰腺炎的不同病程阶段都发挥了积极的治疗作用。广东省名中医蔡炳勤教授在长期治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床实践中,提出分“期”分“机”治疗原则,将其发病机理概况为“膜原-三焦-卫气营血”病机轴,为构建重症急性胰腺炎中医药治疗的“理法方药”体系奠定理论基础。

重症急性胰腺炎的腹腔镜治疗:手术时机及手术方式探讨

目的探讨腹腔镜治疗重症急性胰腺炎(severeacutepancreatitis,SAP)的手术时机、方法及疗效。方法腹腔镜下分离胃结肠韧带,进入网膜腔暴露胰腺,清除渗出液、浓液,通畅脓腔分隔,但不必进行彻底的胰腺坏死组织清创。网膜囊及盆腔置入灌洗管和多根引流管,术后用大量生理盐水持续灌洗引流至引出的灌洗液澄清,并急性肾功能衰竭病人同时盆腔内置入腹膜透析管行腹膜透析。选择腹腔镜手术时间为发病后18h￣26d不等。结果治愈17例,1例死于多器官功能衰竭,住院时间28￣86d,平均46d。结论采用腹腔镜治疗重症急性胰腺炎对机体的创伤打击小、干扰少,冲洗引流可靠,可有效地改善重症急性胰腺炎的预后,是现行一种安全有效的治疗方法。其手术时机、适应证的选择与传统开腹手术有所不同。

丹参在重症急性胰腺炎非手术治疗中的作用

目的 :探讨丹参在重症急性胰腺炎 (SAP)治疗中的作用。方法 :对 2 0 0 0年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 10月收治的SAP6 6例 ,随机分为两组 ,对照组 32例应用抗休克 ,抑制胰液分泌 ,胃肠外营养 ,联合使用抗生素等综合治疗。治疗组 34例在此基础上加用丹参注射液。结果 :对照组死亡 5例 (15 6 0 % ) ,严重并发症 18例 (5 6 2 5 % ) ,中转手术 6例(18 75 % ) ,平均住院日 5 5 6 6 ;治疗组死亡 3例 (8 82 % ) ,并发症 10例 (2 9 4 1% ) ,中转手术 1例 (2 94 % ) ,平均住院日32 18。两组在并发症发生率、中转手术率及平均住院日方面有显著性差异 (P均 <0 0 5 )。结论 :丹参能降低SAP的并发症发生率 ,缩短疗程 ,降低医疗费用且使用方便。

大承气汤治疗急性重症胰腺炎效果的Meta分析

结果:最终纳入16个研究,共894例受试者.Meta分析结果显示,大承气汤能有效促进各项生命体征和生理指标恢复,能够缩短患者的住院时间、降低治疗费用,能够有效降低并发症、病死率和转手术率,其差异有统计学意义.结论:加用大承气汤优于单独常规西医治疗,为当前急性重症胰腺炎的治疗提供了一种新的手段,在临床上具有良好的应用前景.

重症急性胰腺炎外科治疗策略及临床转归变化的分析及其再认识

目的探讨重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)外科治疗策略及临床转归的变化。方法回顾性分析南昌大学第二附属医院1981―2010年216例SAP患者的临床资料,总结SAP治疗策略的转变并分析其产生变化的原因。结果不同时间段患者的性别构成、年龄、病因及自发病至入院的时间的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。1991―2000年时间段患者自发病至首次手术的时间显著长于1981-1990年时间段(P<0.05);2001―2010年时间段显著长于1981-1990年时间段(P<0.05),而显著短于1991―2000年时间段(P<0.05)。1991―2000年时间段患者的手术干预率显著低于1981-1990年时间段(P<0.05);2001―2010年时间段的显著低于1981-1990年时间段(P<0.05),而显著高于1991―2000年时间段(P<0.05)。2001―2010年时间段的连续静脉血液滤过、微创穿刺置管引流和早期肠内营养的使用率均显著高于前2个时间段(P值均<0.05),全肠外营养平均使用时间较前2个时间段显著缩短(P值均<0.05)。2001―2010年时间段多器官功能不全综合征的发生率、病死率均显著低于前2个时间段(P值均<0.05),住院时间亦较前2个时间段显著缩短(P值均<0.05)。结论近半个世纪以来,SAP的外科治疗经历了以手术治疗为主、以非手术治疗为主及综合治疗体系的3个不同策略阶段,不同阶段的临床转归发生明显变化。认识的深化及治疗技术进步在SAP的治疗策略变化中起了至关重要的作用。