Expression profiles of sex-related genes in gonads of genetic male Takifugu rubripes after 17β-estradiol immersion

Estradiol treatment during early life stages of tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes induces feminization in genetic males.However,the ovaries in genetic males may revert to testes once estradiol treatment is halted.Therefore studies should investigate molecular mechanisms underlying ovary-to-testis recovery in genetic males after treatment.In the present study,tiger puffer were exposed to 10,and 100μg/L 17β-estradiol(E 2)from 15 to 100 days post-hatching(dph),then gonad phenotypes and expression profi les of six sex-related genes(cyp19a,foxl2,dmrt1,amh,sox9a,and sox9b)were characterized after the exposure.Results showed that both 10 and 100μg/L E2 induced ovarian development in genetic males at 100 dph.However,all ovaries induced by 10μg/L E2 first developed into intersexual gonads and subsequently reverted to testes after the exposure.As for treatment of 100μg/L E2,while the rest of the ovaries maintained morphological stability,percentages of intersexual gonads reached 38%-57%,and none were reverted to testes.Increased mRNA levels of cyp19a,foxl2 and sox9b and decreased mRNA levels of dmrt1,amh,and sox9a were observed during the ovarian development in genetic males.While contrary gene expression profiles were detected during ovary-to-testis transformation.The mRNA levels of all the six genes were increased during the development of intersexual gonads.These results indicated that up-regulation of dmrt1,amh and sox9a is associated with initial ovary-to-intersexual transformation,and suppression of foxl2,cyp19a and sox9b is essential for complete ovary-to-testis recovery in genetic males.This research will help to trace the molecular processes underlying gonadal transformation in teleosts.

Expression of Sex-Related Genes in Chicken Embryos During Male-to-Female Sex Reversal Exposure to Diethylstilbestrol

Sex emerges out of a delicate dance between a variety of promale, anti-male, and possibly profemale genes. To investigate the role that sex-related genes play in sex determination and gonadal differentiation of fowl, we constructed a male-to- female sex-reversal model of chick induced by diethylstilbestrol （DES） at onset of incubation （E0）. The results of semi- quantitative PCR showed that the expression of Sf1, the orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor-1 gene, was put forward from E7d to E5d and up-regulated during E5-7d; the Dmrt1, the double sex and the Mab-3 related to transcription factor 1 gene, was down-regulated during E3-7d. Meanwhile, anti-Müllerian hormone gene （Amh） expressed at a similar level in the genetic females and sex-reversal females before E7d, while no expression products of the three female-specific genes Wpkci, Fet1 and Foxl2 were detected in male-to-female embryos. These findings suggest that the expression of some certain sex-related genes, induced by the exogenous estrogen during period of sex determination and gonadal differentiation, results in the male-to-female sex reversal. Moreover, high activity of Sf1 gene during E5-7d might be related to the profemale process, while low activity of Dmrt1 gene during E3-5d might be anti-male. The expression activity of Amh gene might only contribute to the promale process after E7d, however, it is possibly not an anti-female gene in chick embryos.

Analysis of SRY Gene in 8 Cases of Sex Abnormality

In order to investigate the relationship between sex dysplasia and sex-determining region Y (SRY) gene, 8 patients with sexual abnormality were analyzed by cytogenetic and molecular genetic methods. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using PY3.4, X alpha satellite, and SRY probes was performed in each case to analyze the sex chromosome translocation and gene translocation. SRY gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its mutation was detected by direct sequencing. The results showed that among 8 patients, 5 were positive for SRY and the remaining negative for SRY. In the patients positive for SRY genes, 3 presented testes and the left 2 streak ovaries. In the patients negative for SRY, only one case presented testes, while 2 ovaries. Direct sequencing demonstrated that all SRY genes were normal in the patients positive for SRY genes. FISH technique demonstrated that SRY genes translocated from Ypter to Xpter in 2 46,XX phenotypic males positive for SRY genes. It was concluded that SRY gene is strongly involved in male sex determination, while a sequence of other genes may be taken into account in sexual development.

GENETIC MODELS AND ANALYSIS METHODS FOR SEX-LINKED AND MATERNAL GENE EFFECTS

Genetic models are proposed for analyzing sex-linked and maternal effects as well as autosomal gene effects.For the model with no genotype×environment interaction,the total genetic effect is partitioned into direct additive （A）,direct dominance （D）,sexlinked （L）,maternal additive （Am） and maternal dominance （Dm） genetic components.For the model including genotype×environment interaction （GE）,GE can also be partitioned into components of direct additive by environment interaction （AE）,direct dominance by environment interaction （DE）,sex-linked by environment interaction （LE）,maternal additive by environment interaction （AmE ）,and maternal dominance by environment interaction （DmE）.Linear functions of genetic components are listed for parent,F1,and F2.A set of parents,their reciprocal F1’s and F2’s is applicable for efficient analysis.Variance and covariance components can be well mated by MINQUE（O/l） with the jackknife procedure.The t-test conducted by the jackknife procedure is applicable for detecting significance of variation.Adjusted Unbiased Prediction （AUP） method is suggested for predicting genetic effects.

The Effect of the Cyp19a1 Gene Methylation Modification on Temperature-dependent Sex Determination of Reeves' Turtle(Mauremys reevesii)

Temperature-dependent sex determination（TSD） is a type of environmental sex determination in which the sex of the embryos depends on the ambient temperature; however,the molecular mechanisms governing this process remain unknown.Aromatase,encoded by the cyp19a1 gene,which converts androgens into estrogens in animals,was considered to be the key gene for TSD.In this study,the 5＇-flanking region of the cyp19a1 gene in Reeves＇ turtle（Mauremys reevesii） was cloned,and the promoter region was identified using the luciferase reporter assay.Then the eggs of Reeves＇ turtle were incubated at different temperatures（26°C： male-biased temperature; 29°C： non-sex-biased temperature and 32°C： female-biased temperature）.During the thermosensitive period,the adrenal kidney gonad complexes（AKG） were sampled.DNA methylation analysis of the AKG samples showed that the promoter region of the cyp19a1 gene was significantly de-methylated in the female-biased temperature regime（P＆lt;0.01）.Quantitative analysis of the cyp19a1 gene and estrogen by q PCR and Elisa assay showed that the expression level of the cyp19a1 gene and estrogen content were both upregulated significantly at the female-biased temperature（P＆lt;0.01）.These results indicated that the de-methylation response of the cyp19a1 gene to incubation temperature,especially at the female-biased temperature,could lead to temperature-specific expression of aromatase and increased estrogen levels,which may further determine gonadal development in Reeves＇ turtle.These findings provide insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying TSD.

Sex-determining region Y box-containing genes: regulators and biomarkers in gynecological cancers

Sex-determining region Y box-containing genes are transcription factors with roles in multiple biological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis.Sex-determining region Y box-containing genes have also been shown to act as regulators and biomarkers in the progression of many different cancers, including gynecological cancers such as ovarian, cervical,and endometrial cancer.In this review, we summarize the contrasting regulatory roles of Sex-determining region Y box-containing genes in different gynecological cancers, as promotors with high expression levels or as suppressors with low expression levels.Expression levels of Sex-determining region Y box-containing genes were also identified as biomarkers of clinical features, including International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, histopathologic grade together with disease-free survival, and treatment efficacy in patients with gynecological cancers.An understanding of the mechanisms whereby Sex-determining region Y box-containing genes regulate the progression of gynecological cancers will aid in the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, while analysis of Sex-determining region Y box-containing expression levels will help to predict the prognosis of patients with gynecological cancers.

Sex-Based Variation of Gene Expression in the Gonads and Fins of Russian Sturgeon (<i>Acipenser gueldenstaedtii</i>)

Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) is a primitive freshwater fish and a source of black caviar. The genes involved in sexual determination and differentiation are still unknown and there are no molecular markers for sex identification in this species. Studying the variation of the sex-based differences in genomic sequences and in gene expression in the sturgeon may lead to markers of sex in early stages of development and advances in aquaculture, as well as provide novel insights about the evolution of reproduction, sex determination, and sexual differentiation mechanisms in vertebrates. Previous studies by our and other groups have identified differentially expressed genes in the gonads of adult female and male sturgeon. The current study aimed to test whether these genes were also differentially expressed in non-gonadal tissue, namely fins. We measured by qRT-PCR the mRNA levels of 29 known and novel sex-related genes in the gonads and fins of males (4 years old) and females (7 years old;sexual maturation is earlier in males than in females). Six genes (ATP6, IGFRM, LIA1A, S1A, NPL1A, GAPDH and SOX9) showed higher expression in female fins. However, only ATP6 mRNA levels differed in fins of males and females of the same age (4 years old). These findings underscore the impracticality of sex identification based on gene expression in non-gonadal tissue and the need for genetic sex markers in the Russian sturgeon.

Mutations in Exons of the CYP17-Ⅱ Gene Affect Sex Steroid Concentration in Male Japanese Flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)

As a specific gene of fish,cytochrome P450c17-Ⅱ(CYP17-Ⅱ) gene plays a key role in the growth,development and reproduction level of fish.In this study,the single-stranded conformational polymorphism(SSCP) technique was used to characterize polymorphisms within the coding region of CYP17-Ⅱ gene in a population of 75 male Japanese flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus).Three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were identified in CYP17-Ⅱ gene of Japanese flounder.They were c.G594A(p.G188R),c.G939A and c.G1502A(p.G490D).SNP1(c.G594A),located in exon 4 of CYP17-Ⅱ gene,was significantly associated with gonadosomatic index(GSI).Individuals with genotype GG of SNP1 had significantly lower GSI(P < 0.05) than those with geno-type AA or AG.SNP2(c.G939A) located at the CpG island of CYP17-Ⅱ gene.The mutation changed the methylation of exon 6.Indi-viduals with genotype AA of SNP2 had significantly lower serum testosterone(T) level and hepatosomatic index(HSI) compared to those with genotype GG.The results suggested that SNP2 could influence the reproductive endocrine of male Japanese flounder.How-ever,the SNP3(c.G1502A) located in exon 9 did not affect the four measured reproductive traits.This study showed that CYP17-Ⅱ gene could be a potentially useful candidate gene for the research of genetic breeding and physiological aspects of Japanese flounder.

Can overexpression of TGF-β1 gene change the sex ratio in transgenic mice?

Mouse TGF-β1 gene was microinjected into male pronuclei of F2 hybrid fertilized eggs obtained by mating CSJLF1 and C57BL/6J inbred strains to generate transgenic mice with over-expressed TGF-β1 gene. The rate of founder production is 31% and Southern blot analysis of founder mice tail DNAS gave an integration efficiency of 33%. TGF-β1 gene could be stably integrated to the chromosomes of transgenic mice and transmitted to their progeny at a rate of 33% in the second generation. Dot blot analysis of tail RNA of some transgenic mice indicated a moderate expression of the transgene. The most interesting finding of the present work is the striking deviation from the normal male:female sex ratio in transgenic mice,with an average ratio of 6.7:1. The possible nature of the predominance of male sex in transgenic mice overexpressing TGF-β1 is discussed.

红带锥蝽性别决定基因doublesex的克隆及表达分析

Doublesex是昆虫性别决定级联通路上的关键基因,其在控制昆虫性别分化中起着重要的作用。本研究旨在克隆、鉴定美洲锥虫病重要媒介红带锥蝽(Triatoma rubrofasciata)的性别决定基因doublesex(Trdsx),分析其不同发育时期的表达谱。基于红带锥蝽基因组数据库,比对Trdsx相关片段,分别以雌雄红带锥蝽cDNA为模板,采用PCR方法克隆Trdsx基因,利用生物信息软件对所得序列进行结构域预测、氨基酸序列比对和进化树分析。根据Trdsx特异性表达引物,利用real time RT-PCR方法研究其在红带锥蝽不同发育时期及雌雄个体的表达谱。从红带锥蝽雌、雄成虫中克隆获得一个雌、雄共有的Trdsx cDNA全长开放性读码框序列,命名为TrdsxB。TrdsxB长度为948 nt,编码315个氨基酸。结构域分析发现TrdsxB包含锌离子结合序列、具有保守的锌螯合残基C2H2C4的DM结构域和参与泛素介导的蛋白水解序列的UBA结构域。TrdsxB在卵中高表达,随后逐渐减少,在四期若虫降至最低,之后再次升高。TrdsxB雌、雄锥蝽中存在表达差异。本研究获得了红带锥蝽性别决定基因doublesex(TrdsxB)的全长开放性读码框序列,TrdsxB具有保守的结构域,其在雌、雄锥蝽体内存在表达差异。本研究结果将为红带锥蝽的性别调控机制和生物防制研究提供理论基础。

46,XX卵睾型性发育障碍1例及文献复习

46,XX性发育障碍病因复杂,临床表现多样,诊断较为困难,本文通过对1例男性表型的46,XX的临床特点进行分析,并对该病的发病机制、临床表现、诊断及治疗等进行文献复习,以期提高临床医生对该类疾病的诊疗水平。

4例46,XY性发育障碍患者遗传学分析

目的:探讨4例46,XY性发育障碍发生的分子机制。方法:收集患者临床病历资料,采集其肝素抗凝外周血进行淋巴细胞培养,染色体G显带技术制备并分析染色体核型,提取外周血DNA行SRY基因检测和测序,SRY基因检测结果阴性者外送标本行性发育相关基因靶向测序,生物信息学方法分析测序结果。结果:查体显示4例患者社会性别均为女性,而外周血淋巴细胞核型分析结果提示核型均为男性(46,XY),社会性别与生物学性别不一致;性别决定基因SRY均为阳性,测序结果提示病例1为SRY基因编码区第5位碱基缺失(c.del5A),病例2为SRY基因编码区第5位碱基发生错义突变(c.5A>T),病例3为SRY基因编码区第6位碱基缺失(c.del6A),病例4的SRY基因检测范围内未见突变位点,靶向测序结果提示雄激素受体基因(AR)编码区发生错义突变(c.2117 A>G);生物信息学软件Mutation taster提示c.del5A、c.del6A和c.2117 A>G等3种突变可能导致疾病发生,c.5A>T突变可能为人群多态现象;Raptor X蛋白质三维结构预测软件分析结果显示SRY基因c.5A>T突变对SRY蛋白的三维构象没有影响,而AR基因c.2117 A>G突变可导致AR蛋白的三维结构明显变化,并增加两个氢键;PolyPhen-2显示SRY基因c.5A>T和AR基因c.2117A>G突变为可能致病;ClinvAR软件分析结果提示4种突变均未见临床病例报道。结论:基因突变可能是导致患者性器官发育异常的原因,基因检测有助于明确诊断以及家庭再生育咨询。

利用猕猴桃雌雄同株材料发掘性别决定相关基因

为探究猕猴桃雌雄异株变异为雌雄同株的分子机制,本研究对满天红猕猴桃雌雄同株变异株的雌花与雄花进行了转录组测序、生物信息学分析及q RT-PCR验证。转录组差异表达基因鉴定结果表明,雌花和雄花间共有337个差异表达基因,雄花中有241个基因表达量上调,有96个基因表达量下调。差异表达基因的GO与KEGG富集结果表明,与雌花相比,雄花中上调的基因主要参与氨基糖和核苷酸糖的代谢以及次生代谢物合成等路径;下调的基因则主要富集在次生代谢物合成、类胡萝卜素合成等途径。通过功能注释分析出30个潜在的性别相关调控基因,其中5个在次生代谢产物合成路径中表达。选取7个差异表达基因进行q RT-PCR验证,其在雌花、雄花中的表达水平与转录组数据一致。本研究结果为猕猴桃雌雄同株材料的创制提供了一定的理论依据。

大蜡螟性肽受体基因GmelSPR克隆及表达分析

交配是昆虫繁衍的重要方式,雌性交配后会显现出一系列保护后代而产生的行为,SPR则是重要的交配行为调控受体基因。本研究根据前期转录组SPR基因数据信息,利用RT-PCR扩增出大蜡螟SPR基因的完整CDS序列,命名为GmelSPR(GenBank登录号:OR347698)。生物信息学分析显示该基因编码区全长1263 bp,编码420个氨基酸,预测分子量48.70718 kDa,理论等电点8.70,有7个跨膜螺旋区,具有典型G蛋白偶联受体蛋白特征。系统进化树比对结果显示大蜡螟GmelSPR与螟蛾科昆虫脐橙螟Amyelois transitella、印度谷螟Plodia interpunctella置信度较高。大蜡螟不同状态、不同组织中表达分析表明,未交尾雌蛾、雄蛾和已交尾雌蛾、雄蛾GmelSPR均在头部较高表达,且在未交尾雌蛾、雄蛾中表达量均高于已交尾雌蛾、雄蛾。本研究克隆了大蜡螟SPR基因,克隆结果表明GmelSPR与螟蛾科昆虫亲缘较近;表达谱分析则显示GmelSPR可能参与大蜡螟交配行为,为进一步研究大蜡螟中SPR基因功能奠定基础。

文化基因视角的文化群体选择

“基因—文化共同进化理论”,特别是利用“文化基因视角”解释文化演化中群体选择的复苏,最常见、最重要的文化基因就是新制度经济所说的“制度”。但当前学术界远未就文化演化理论中的选择单位/复制者、互动者和性状群体等重要概念达成共识,因此,深入研究文化演化的基础并不牢固。文章认为,相较于“谜米”,复制者更适合作为文化演化的选择单位,它是文化中可复制、可传递的片段,具有非物质特征,其概念与约翰·塞尔和哈耶克所指“社会科学事实”接近;复制者可分三类:Ⅰ类复制者为制度性事实(如惯例、法律),Ⅱ类复制者为人设计的产物(如设计汽车的知识),Ⅲ类复制者为人的行为但不是人设计的产物(如道德规则);复制者搭载在互动者上;互动者具有物质特征,即文化群体;具有不同表型的文化群体即“性状群体”。结合普莱斯方程,通过对信念、价值观、态度等决定文化群体表型适应度至关重要的复制者展开分析,可以理解复制者、互动者、复制者适应度和群体选择之间复杂的因果关系,解释文化群体选择的工作机制,即复制者决定性状群体的表型相对适应性优势,分析哪类复制者能够被采纳,哪类复制者最终会被消除。由此解释语言、道德、货币、分立的财产权等塑造人类合作秩序核心制度的起源。

中华鳖IGF2和IGF2R基因克隆及其功能研究

【目的】探索胰岛素样生长因子2基因(IGF2)和胰岛素样生长因子2受体基因(IGF2R)在中华鳖生长过程中发挥的作用,为揭示IGFs系统在中华鳖异速生长及两性生长差异中的作用机制打下基础。【方法】采用RACE克隆中华鳖IGF2和IGF2R基因c DNA序列,利用BioEdit、ExPASy、TMHMM Server v2.0、SignalP及SMART等在线软件进行生物信息学分析,并通过实时荧光定量PCR分析IGF2和IGF2R基因在雌雄中华鳖不同组织、不同表型及不同性类固醇激素处理下的表达变化。【结果】中华鳖IGF2基因cDNA序列全长1180 bp,共编码222个氨基酸残基;IGF2蛋白相对分子量为24.84 kD,理论等电点(pI)为9.00,属于跨膜蛋白,含有1个IIGF结构域。中华鳖IGF2R基因cDNA序列全长8765bp,共编码2443个氨基酸残基;IGF2R蛋白相对分子量为271.92kD,pI为5.64,属于跨膜蛋白,含有14个重复的CIMR结构域和1个FN2结构域。基于IGF2和IGF2R氨基酸序列相似性构建的系统发育进化树均显示,中华鳖与龟鳖类的亲缘关系最近,与鱼类和两栖动物的亲缘关系相对较远。IGF2和IGF2R基因在中华鳖体内具有广泛的组织表达谱,IGF2基因在精巢中的相对表达量显著高于卵巢(P<0.05,下同),IGF2R基因则恰好相反。IGF2基因在成年中华鳖生长快个体肝脏中的相对表达量显著高于生长慢个体,IGF2R基因的表达模式则相反。在雌二醇(E2)处理下,除雌性中华鳖肝脏中的IGF2R基因相对表达量在注射6 h时显著升高外,IGF2和IGF2R基因在雌雄个体肝脏中的相对表达量整体上呈下降趋势;MT处理对雄性个体肝脏中IGF2基因的表达无显著影响(P>0.05),但在注射48 h后显著提高雌性个体肝脏中的IGF2基因相对表达量,且显著下调雌性中华鳖肝脏中的IGF2R基因相对表达量。【结论】IGF2和IGF2R基因参与调控中华鳖性腺的发育及成熟,且IGF2R可能通过内化降解IGF2而对中华鳖的生长起负调控作用。此外,IGF2和IGF2R基因会通过下调表达量来响应外源激素的刺激,进而实现对中华鳖生长的调控。

46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常患者遗传和临床特征研究

目的:分析46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常患者的遗传和临床资料,为加深对该疾病的认识提供依据。方法:收集2017年1月至2023年1月在南京医科大学第一附属医院生殖中心被诊断为46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常的患者资料,分析其遗传学和临床资料特征,并对SRY阳性患者取外周血进行SRY基因染色体定位分析。结果:(1)共26例患者被纳入研究,所有患者染色体核型均为46,XX,且AZFa、b、c区全部缺失。患者身高为(168.3±5.9)cm,体重为(64.0±7.5)kg,BMI为(22.66±2.79)kg/m^(2),左侧睾丸体积(2.53±1.16)ml,右侧睾丸体积:(2.74±1.34)ml。精液量为1.35(0.18~2.78)ml,FSH(36.85±18.01)IU/L,LH(19.71±9.71)IU/L,T(6.08±2.71)nmol/L。3例患者最高学历是大学本科,其余均为本科以下学历。(2)SRY阳性患者20例,SRY阴性患者6例。与SRY阳性患者相比,SRY阴性患者合并有生殖系统发育异常问题概率较高(5/6 vs 3/20,P=0.004),而两组在身高、体重、BMI、生殖激素,睾丸体积等参数差异均无统计学意义。(3)14例SRY基因定位分析显示:13例定位于Xp末端,1例定位于15p末端。结论:46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常患者在遗传学和临床特征上呈现出一定相似性和异质性,需要寻求更好的方案提高患者的生活质量和生活满意度。

朱鹮性别分子鉴定的研究进展

朱鹮(Nipponia nippon)为世界濒危物种,也是国家一级重点保护鸟类。虽然一系列的保护措施显著增加了朱鹮种群规模和分布区域,但近交衰退、低繁殖力和雏鸟高致残率等问题一直制约着朱鹮种群的发展。朱鹮由于雌雄同型,难以从外观区分性别,因此性别鉴定将对其人工繁殖具有重要意义。本文综述了朱鹮性别的分子鉴定方法,主要包括基于性染色体连锁的染色体解旋酶DNA结合蛋白CHD基因及EcoRⅠ片段的PCR鉴定方法,以期进行有效的人工繁育工作,实现对朱鹮种群的保护及规模重建。

性别控制在畜牧生产中的应用研究进展

动物的性别控制一直是动物遗传育种与繁殖领域研究的热点。性别控制技术是一项能显著提高家畜繁殖效率的技术,该技术对快速种群扩繁、提高优良生产性能、推动育种进程和保护地方优良与濒危品种等具有非常重要的意义。本文主要综述了常见性别控制技术在畜牧生产中最新研究进展,以期为性别控制研究和应用提供参考和帮助。

冈比亚按蚊性别决定基因doublesex的克隆、序列分析及表达谱

【目的】doublesex是控制昆虫性别分化的关键基因,决定了昆虫体细胞与生殖细胞的性别。本研究旨在克隆、鉴定重要疟疾媒介冈比亚按蚊Anopheles gambiae性别决定基因doublesex(Angdsx),分析其在雌雄个体内的剪切体及在不同发育时期的表达模式。【方法】基于冈比亚按蚊转录组数据库,比对到Angdsx相关片段,分别以雌雄成蚊c DNA为模板,采用RT-PCR与RACE方法克隆分别获得雌雄个体内Angdsx全长基因,利用生物信息软件对所得序列进行结构域预测、氨基酸序列比对和进化树分析。根据Angdsx特异性表达引物,利用RT-PCR方法研究其在冈比亚按蚊雌雄个体及不同发育时期的表达谱。【结果】分别从冈比亚按蚊雌雄成虫中克隆获得Angdsx c DNA全长序列,分别命名为AngdsxF(Gen Bank登录号:KM978937)和AngdsxM(Gen Bank登录号:KM978938)。Angdsx位于2号常染色体右臂,基因横跨接近80 kb基因组长度。AngdsxF长度为4 874 nt,编码长度为265个氨基酸的雌性特异性蛋白DSXF;AngdsxM长度为3 183 nt,编码长度为633个氨基酸的雄性特异性蛋白DSXM。结构域分析发现Angdsx包括doublesex保守的TRA/TRA-2结合位点、dsx重复序列、富含精氨酸/丝氨酸双肽区、多聚嘌呤增强子序列和RNA结合蛋白结合序列,以及连续的双核苷酸GT为主的重复序列。与AngdsxF相比,AngdsxM具有一个雌性特异性的外显子。AngdsxM在0-2 h卵中高表达,随后逐渐减少,在12-24 h卵中降至最低,之后再次升高;AngdsxF则在6-8 h卵中开始表达。【结论】本研究获得了冈比亚按蚊性别决定基因Angdsx在雌雄个体内的全长序列,Angdsx具有保守的结构域与表达特征。本研究结果为蚊虫性别分化的分子机制及将其最终应用于显性致死昆虫施放技术进行蚊媒的防制提供了理论基础。