Sperm pretreatment with glutathione improves IVF embryos development through increasing the viability and antioxidative capacity of sex-sorted and unsorted bull semen

The antioxidant of reduced glutathione（GSH） is the most abundant thiol in cells for the maintenance of the intracellular redox balance. The study aimed to assay the effect of sperm treatment with GSH before incubation with oocytes on the development potential of embryos obtained by in vitro fertilization（IVF）. Also the mitochondrial membrane potential（ΔΨm）, plasma membrane integrity（viability）, DNA fragmentation, reactive oxygen species（ROS） content, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT） and glutathione peroxidase（GPx） activities, methane dicarboxylic aldehyde（MDA） level as indices of lipid peroxidation in sex-sorted and unsorted sperm from three bulls were investigated using flow cytometry and enzyme-labeled instrument individually. The results showed that 2 mm ol L^–1 GSH increased significantly the cleavage rate（86.68% vs. 82.78%）, 4- to 8-cell rate（82.30% vs. 73.43%） and blastocyst rate（43.15% vs. 35.24%） of IVF embryos compared with untreated group. Furthermore, addition of GSH increased significantly the ΔΨm and viability, decreased the ratio of DNA fragmentation in sex-sorted or unsorted semen（P〈0.05）, except the sex-sorted semen from bull 019. Similarly, activities of SOD, CAT and GPx were increased significantly. However, the contents of MDA were decreased significantly both in sex-sorted and unsorted semen treated with GSH（P〈0.05）. These results suggest that sperm pretreatment with GSH during IVF can maintain better the viability and fertility of sperm through reducing apoptosis and increasing the antioxidant capacity, which improves the IVF embryos development.

Adding chitosan nanoparticles of green tea extract in diluent and thawing temperatures ameliorate the post-thawed quality of Boer buck semen

Objective:To improve the quality of post-thawing Boer buck semen for artificial insemination by adding green tea extract chitosan nanoparticles to skimmed egg yolk diluent,and the proper thawing temperature.Methods:The ejaculate of Boer buck was added to skimmed egg yolk diluent without(the control group)and with adding 1μg of chitosan nanoparticles of green tea extract per mL of diluent(the treatment group).Then,the diluted semen was filled in French mini straws containing 60×106 live sperm per straw,frozen in a standard protocol,and stored as frozen semen at−196℃for a week.Six replicates from each group were diluted for 30 s at 37℃or 39℃sterile water to evaluate the semen quality.Results:Post-thawing(at 37℃or 39℃)of live sperm,progressive motility,and plasma membrane integrity were lower compared to those of the pre-freezing stage(P<0.05).Thawing at 37℃resulted in no significant difference in live sperm,progressive motility,and plasma membrane between the control group and the treatment group(P>0.05).The live sperm,progressive motility,and plasma membrane of the treatment group in the pre-freezing stage,and post-thawed at 39℃were higher compared to those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in malondialdehyde(MDA)concentration,DNA fragmentation,and catalase concentration of thawing at 37℃compared to those of 39℃in the same group.The MDA concentration and DNA fragmentation in thawing at 37℃and 39℃of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).However,the catalase concentration in thawing at 37℃and 39℃of the treatment group was not significantly different than the control group(P>0.05).Conclusions:Higher quality post-thawing Boer buck semen is achieved by adding 1μg/mL of chitosan nanoparticles of green tea extract to the skimmed egg yolk diluent and thawing at 39℃.

Exploring the relationship between ambient sulfur dioxide and semen quality parameters:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:To investigate the relationship between ambient sulfur dioxide(SO2)exposure and semen quality parameters.Methods:A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies investigating the association between SO2 exposure and semen quality parameters.This search encompassed the timeframe from January 2000 to May 2023 and included electronic databases such as Web of Science,Google Scholar,PubMed,Cochrane,and Scopus.Pooled effect estimates with 95%confidence intervals(CI)were calculated using percent changes(PC).The meta-analysis included seven studies with 6711 participants and 15087 semen samples.Results:The results revealed a significant negative association between ambient SO2 exposure and certain semen quality parameters.In particular,SO2 exposure was associated with a significant decrease in progressive motility(PC=0.032;95%CI:-0.063 to-0.001;P=0.044)and sperm concentration(PC=-0.020;95%CI:-0.036 to-0.005;P=0.012).However,no statistically significant associations were observed for total sperm count(PC=-0.038;95%CI:-0.079 to 0.003;P=0.070),seminal fluid volume(PC=-0.009;95%CI:-0.048 to-0.030;P=0.662)and sperm motility(PC=-0.17;95%CI:-0.363 to 0.022;P=0.830).In addition,the results of the subgroup analysis revealed specific variables that were associated with the decrease in relevant sperm parameters.Conclusions:This systematic review and meta-analysis provides compelling evidence supporting a consistent negative association between exposure to ambient SO2 and semen quality parameters.

The Effects of Age and Ejaculatory Abstinence on Semen Quality and Reproductive Hormones in Africa and the Middle East

The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the effects of male age and ejaculatory abstinence on semen parameters and reproductive hormones among men residing in Africa and the Middle East. A total of 70,142 semen analysis results were analysed and grouped according to the age intervals (16 - 20, 21 - 30, 31 - 40, 41 - 50, 51 - 60, >60) and ejaculatory abstinence (<2 days, 2 - 5 days and >5 days). Semen parameters i.e. volume, concentration, progressive motility, total progressively motile count, morphology, total normal sperm count, DNA fragmentation, viability, sORP, normed sORP were specifically evaluated. Additionally, for each age interval, reproductive hormones i.e. estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and prolactin were evaluated. Semen volume, total progressively motile count, sperm morphology and total normal sperm count constantly decrease significantly after the age of 30 years. Sperm concentration started declining significantly after the age of 50 years. There was a constant age- related increase in number of spermatozoa with damaged DNA. sORP constantly increased up to 60 years. Furthermore, constantage-related decreases in FSH, serum testosterone and prolact in were observed from patients aged between 16 years and 60 years. Semen volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility and normal morphology were significantly higher in patients having > 5 days of abstinence. Patients having > 5 days of abstinence had the lowest normed sORP. Male age significantly affects sperm parameters and reproductive hormones in fertile and infertile men residing in Africa and the Middle East. Prolonged abstinence days provides better semen quality.

Activation of autophagy by Citri Reticulatae Semen extract ameliorates amyloid-beta-induced cell death and cognition deficits in Alzheimer’s disease

Amyloid-beta-induced neuronal cell death contributes to cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease.Citri Reticulatae Semen has diverse beneficial effects on neurodegenerative diseases,including Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases,however,the effect of Citri Reticulatae Semen on Alzheimer’s disease remains unelucidated.In the current study,the anti-apoptotic and autophagic roles of Citri Reticulatae Semen extract on amyloid-beta-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells were first investigated.Citri Reticulatae Semen extract protected PC12 cells from amyloid-beta-induced apoptosis by attenuating the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio via activation of autophagy.In addition,Citri Reticulatae Semen extract was confirmed to bind amyloid-beta as revealed by biolayer interferometry in vitro,and suppress amyloid-beta-induced pathology such as paralysis,in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans in vivo model.Moreover,genetically defective Caenorhabditis elegans further confirmed that the neuroprotective effect of Citri Reticulatae Semen extract was autophagy-dependent.Most importantly,Citri Reticulatae Semen extract was confirmed to improve cognitive impairment,neuronal injury and amyloid-beta burden in 3×Tg Alzheimer’s disease mice.As revealed by both in vitro and in vivo models,these results suggest that Citri Reticulatae Semen extract is a potential natural therapeutic agent for Alzheimer’s disease via its neuroprotective autophagic effects.

Effect of Moringa oleifera on semen quality profiles in endangered Teressa goat under tropical humid island ecosystem

Objective:To investigate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on semen quality parameters in Teressa goat buck.Methods:A total of 25 semen samples from six bucks were selected for the study.Spermatozoa of 150×10^(6) were incubated in 0,300,500 and 700μg of leaf extract as groupⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,respectively.Liquid stored semen samples were analysed for motility,viability,total sperm abnormalities,plasma membrane,acrosomal and nuclear integrities,seminal plasma intracellular enzymes[aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)]and total antioxidant capacity(TAC)and spermatozoa malondialdehyde(MDA)and cholesterol efflux in comparison with the control group(groupⅠ)for up to 72 h.Results:Moringa oleifera leaf extract(500μg/150×10^(6) spermatozoa)-treated semen had significantly higher motility,viability,plasma membrane,acrosomal and nuclear integrities,and TAC(P<0.05),and had significantly lower total sperm abnormalities,AST,ALT,LDH,MDA production and cholesterol efflux compared to those in other Moringa oleifera leaf extract treated(300 or 700μg/150×10^(6) spermatozoa)and control groups at different hours of liquid storage(P<0.05).Semen quality parameters and TAC showed an increasing trend and total sperm abnormalities,MDA production,leakage of intra-cellular enzymes and cholesterol efflux showed a decreasing trend from group Ⅰto group Ⅲand then an opposite trend from group Ⅲ to group Ⅳ at different hours of liquid storage.Conclusions:Moringa oleifera leaf extract 500μg/150×10^(6) spermatozoa can be used for liquid semen preservation in Teressa goat at Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Study on the regulatory effect of liver X receptor in HEK293 cells by six main diterpene esters in Semen Euphorbiae

Background:To study the effects of the main diterpene esters in Euphorbia factor L_(1),L_(2),L_(3),L_(7a),L_(7b)and L_(8)on the transcriptional activity and protein expression of liver X receptor(LXR).Methods:The effect of the main diterpene ester components in Semen Euphorbiae on the viability of HEK293 cells were studied by MTT assay.The LXR-Luc plasmid vector was transfected into HEK293 cells and treated with Euphorbia factor L_(1),L_(2),L_(3),L_(7a),L_(7b)and L_(8)for 24 h.The effect of the main diterpene ester components of Semen Euphorbiae on LXR-Luc luciferase activity was investigated by dual luciferase reporter gene system,and the expression of LXRαprotein was detected by Western Blot.Results:Euphorbia factor L_(1),L_(2),L_(3),L_(7a),L_(7b)and L_(8)could significantly reduce the relative luciferase activity(RLU)of LXRα,and the expression level of LXRαprotein was significantly down-regulated.Conclusion:Euphorbia factor L_(1),L_(2),L_(3),L_(7a),L_(7b)and L_(8)can inhibit the expression of LXR protein level,which may be achieved by inhibiting the transcriptional activity of LXR.

Methanolic pomegranate dried peel extract improves cryopreserved semen quality and antioxidant capacity of rams

Objective:To select the appropriate concentrations of methanolic pomegranate extract supplemented in rams’semen extender for obtaining the best-cryopreserved semen quality.Methods:Tris-based semen extender was supplemented with 0.0,0.40,0.48,and 0.56 mg/mL pomegranate peel methanolic extract to extend semen collected from five native rams twice weekly for two months(n=80).Pooled(n=16)post-thaw semen characteristics were determined.Thawed seminal plasma of all supplemented and control groups were used to measure malondialdehyde(MDA),nitric oxide(NO),glutathione peroxidase(GPx),superoxide dismutase(SOD),ascorbic acid,zinc,copper,total cholesterol,low-density lipoproteins(LDL),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),and alkaline phosphatase(ALP).Results:The supplementation of Tris-based semen extender with 0.48 mg/mL semen extender resulted in the highest post-thaw sperm total motility(P<0.001),sperm progressive motility(P<0.001),live sperm(P<0.001),sperm plasma membrane integrity(P<0.001),acrosome integrity(P<0.001),SOD(P<0.05),zinc(P<0.001),total cholesterol(P<0.001),and LDL(P<0.001)with the lowest percentage of abnormal sperm morphology(P<0.001),the lowest lipid peroxidation(MDA,P<0.01),ascorbic acid(P>0.05),and LDH(P>0.05).Conclusions:Pomegranate peel methanolic extract 0.48 mg/mL supplemented to Tris-based semen extender of rams is the best enrichment in preserving the sperm post-thaw characteristics via improving biochemical profiles and antioxidant capacity.

Buffalo anti-PDC-109 antibodies improve the semen quality profiles and in-vitro zona binding index and minimize the cryoinjury of sperm in cryopreserved buffalo semen

Objective:To optimize the concentration of PDC-109 protein in semen for higher cryopreservability and fertility by sequestration or neutralization of PDC-109 by its antibodies(anti-PDC-109 antibodies)in bubaline species.Methods:PDC-109 protein was purified by applying two-step chromatography procedures.Purified protein was injected in rabbits to raise antibodies.These raised anti-PDC-109 antibodies were used in neutralization or sequestration of PDC-109 in in-vitro model.Ejaculates were collected from buffaloes and splited for four groups.Group 1 received egg yolk Tris glycerol extender,without anti-PDC-109 antibodies,while group 2 to 4 received anti-PDC-109 antibodies 266μg/mL,80μg/mL,and 26μg/mL in Tris-fructose-citrate buffer,respectively.Semen quality parameters viz.,forward progressive motility,viability,total morphological abnormality,acrosomal integrity,plasma membrane integrity,cryoinjury and in-vitro zona binding index were evaluated.Results:Semen quality parameters of neat semen were within the normal range of bubaline species.Sperm motility,livability,acrosomal integrity,plasma membrane integrity,and cholesterol content of sperm were decreased and total sperm abnormality was increased significantly in post-thaw semen compared to those in pre-freeze and fresh semen(P<0.05).Semen in group 2 had higher sperm motility,livability,acrosomal integrity,plasma membrane integrity,and cholesterol content of sperm and lower total sperm abnormality significantly compared to those in group 1,3 and 4 at pre-freeze and post-thaw stages(P<0.05).Conclusions:Sequestration or neutralization of PDC-109 by its antibodies significantly improves pre-freeze,and post-thaw semen quality parameters and in-vitro zona binding index with simultaneously reducing cryoinjury or cryodamage in the sperm of bubaline species.

Impact of chronological ageing on semen parameters in southern Indian men visiting infertility centre:A retrospective study

Objective:To investigate the association between age and semen parameters among male partners of subfertile couples.Methods:This retrospective study analyzed the semen of 1523 infertile men aged 26 to 50 years.Data were extracted from GarbhaGudi IVF Centre database from January 2019 to September 2020.The basic semen parameters were interpreted according to the WHO manual 2021,6th edition.Semen parameters in different age groups were compared.Results:Total and progressive motile sperms were significantly higher in the age group of 26-30 years compared to other age groups(P<0.05).Normal sperm count was significantly higher in the age group of 26-30 years compared to the age groups of 41-45 years and>46 years(P=0.001).However,sperm head defects,neck and midpiece defects,tail defects,and cytoplasmic droplets showed statistically insignificant difference in all the age groups(P>0.05).Semen viscosity showed no statistical difference in all the age groups compared to the reference age group of 26 to 30 years.Conclusions:Higher age can lead to a significant decrease in normal sperms and motility in subfertile men.Hence,male partner age should be considered as one of the major determining factors for reproductive outcomes.

Seasonal stress on semen quality profiles, seminal biochemical and oxidative stress attributes in endangered Teressa goat of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Objective:To measure seasonal effects on semen quality profiles,seminal biochemical and oxidative stress attributes in fresh and liquid stored semen in monsoon and dry seasons.Methods:A total of 10 Teressa bucks(3-4 years)were selected from breeding farm,ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute,Port Blair,Andaman and Nicobar Islands,India.Semen samples(n=25 per season)were collected through artificial vagina method and preserved at refrigerated temperature(5℃)for 48 h using Tris citrate glucose based extender.We detected semen quality parameters[volume,mass activity,pH,sperm concentration,total motility,viability,total sperm abnormality,and plasma membrane,acrosomal and nuclear integrities],biochemical profiles[aspartate amino transferase(AST),alanine amino transferase(ALT)and total cholesterol],and oxidative stress markers[total antioxidant capacity(TAC)and malondialdehyde(MDA)]during monsoon and dry seasons.Results:Semen quality parameters significantly differed between seasons(P<0.05)and among storage periods(P<0.05).Volume,pH,mass activity,motility,viability,acrosomal,plasma membrane and nuclear integrities,and TAC were significantly higher(P<0.05).Sperm concentration,sperm abnormalities,MDA,AST,ALT and total cholesterol were significantly lower in fresh semen of monsoon than dry season(P<0.05).Motility,viability,acrosomal,plasma membrane and nuclear integrities,and TAC were significantly decreased(P<0.05)while sperm abnormality,AST,ALT,total cholesterol and MDA were significantly increased as liquid semen storage period advanced(P<0.05).Conclusions:Monsoon season has higher beneficial effects on semen quality profiles and liquid stored semen remained usable for upto 48 h.Good quality ejaculates with higher TAC and lower MDA can be cryopreserved and will be used for artificial insemination.

Lifestyle: an underrated but potentially important influencing factor on semen quality

Lifestyle factors play a crucial role in the influence of semen quality,and they are especially significant in the context of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)clinical treatment for poor semen quality.TCM theory emphasizes the importance of healthy lifestyle habits for overall well-being.Therefore,it is essential to consider lifestyle factors in the clinical management of TCM and semen quality.Lifestyle can act as a bias factor that affects research quality,making it vital to pay special attention to its impact in clinical trial research on male semen quality.This article aims to improve the quality and design of clinical research on male sperm quality by examining the effects of various lifestyle factors on semen quality,including physical activities,dietary patterns,smoking,alcohol consumption,coffee intake,sleep,and psychological stress.Each lifestyle factor has its own distinct influence on semen quality,and there is a synergistic effect when multiple lifestyle factors are combined.These findings emphasize the need for careful consideration of lifestyle factors and their interactions in the design and implementation of TCM clinical trial research.

冷冻保存技术在蜜蜂精液保存中的研究与应用

蜜蜂精液冷冻保存对蜜蜂种质资源保护和品种改良具有重要意义,有利于蜜蜂育种中的后裔测定和基因组选择,加快育种进程。蜜蜂精子结构特殊,冷冻保存对其活力和受精率有较大影响,目前该技术尚未广泛应用。该文综述了蜜蜂精液冷冻保存的研究简况、蜜蜂精子的结构、冷冻损伤机理和精液冷冻技术的研究进展,以期为今后进一步优化改进蜜蜂精液冷冻保存技术提供参考。

不同精液质量男性生殖激素水平与氧化应激的临床分析

目的分析不同精液质量男性生殖激素和抗氧化水平,探讨生殖激素及抗氧化对男性精液质量的影响。方法在北华大学附属医院生殖中心筛选28名单纯少精子症、36名单纯弱精子组和28名少弱精子症患者精液。精液分析按照世界卫生组织的标准进行。化学发光免疫法测定血清促卵泡生成素(FSH)、促黄体生成素、泌乳素、雌二醇、睾酮(T)浓度。黄嘌呤氧化酶法检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,采用活性氧试剂盒检测精浆中活性氧(ROS)水平。结果不育组男性精液浓度、前向运动精子率、精子总活力和精子不活动率与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不育组患者血清中T浓度明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);少弱精症组中FSH明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不育组SOD活力和ROS水平与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论睾酮合成下降与男性不育有关,少精、弱精、少弱精的重要原因可能是氧化应激中抗氧化剂与ROS的脂质过氧化损伤的不平衡。

吸烟对不育症男性精液质量的影响

目的 探究吸烟对不育症男性精液质量的影响。方法 选取360例男性不育症患者,根据患者是否吸烟进行分组:吸烟组(n=190)和未吸烟组(n=170,N组),其中吸烟组按照吸烟量分为A组(≤10支/d组,n=63)、B组(11~20支/d组,n=80)、C组(>20支/d组,n=47)。观察并进行组间、组内比较各组患者精液量、液化时间、精子浓度、活动力、DNA碎片率以及正常形态率。结果 吸烟组和未吸烟组精液量、液化时间、精子活动力、正常形态率以及DNA碎片率比较差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05),吸烟组患者精液量、精子活动力以及正常形态率低于未吸烟组,DNA碎片率、精液液化时间高于未吸烟组。且随着吸烟量增加,精子活动力以及正常形态率下降,精液液化时间、DNA碎片率增加;吸烟组和未吸烟组精子浓度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。吸烟量不同的3个组精液量比较差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 吸烟对精液量、精子活性、正常形态率、精子活动力、液化时间及DNA碎片化等精子质量参数造成负面影响,大量吸烟影响尤为明显。应该加强全面健康教育、提倡健康的生活方式、减少吸烟。

基于炎症大鼠代谢组学的马钱子炮制减毒存效机制研究

运用动物模型、血浆药物化学及代谢组学方法,探讨马钱子炮制前后干预炎症大鼠作用机制。按不同剂量灌胃小鼠,以死亡率初步考察炮制前后毒性;建立大鼠蛋清性足跖肿胀模型,通过肿胀率和炎性因子水平评价炮制前后抗炎效果;采用高分辨质谱结合多元统计学,鉴定入血后的移行成分及相应的代谢产物;比较分析各实验组代谢轮廓及差异生物标志物,并构建其代谢通路。结果显示,高剂量下马钱子砂烫品的毒性要明显低于生品。生品和砂烫品均能显著降低大鼠足肿胀率和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-6(IL-6)的水平,炮制前后在抗炎效果上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。通过血浆药物分析,鉴定出了12个移行成分,以及相应60个代谢产物,S-plot鉴定出10个差异性化合物。代谢组学实验共发现10个内源性代谢物含量发生显著变化(P<0.05),生物标志物主要涉及苯丙氨酸代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、谷氨酸及谷氨酰胺循环、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢等途径。通过本研究确证马钱子生品和砂烫品均有较好抗炎治疗作用,高温炮制可以降低马钱子毒性;入血后有效成分应多为生物碱,经过I相反应就容易被体内清除;马钱子炮制抗炎、镇痛、减毒机制主要与氨基酸和脂质代谢相关。该实验结果进一步阐明了起效物质基础及体内作用机制,为后续炮制工艺改进和新药研发等提供科学支撑。

芩术仙灵散对夏季公兔抗氧化能力、生殖激素水平和生殖能力的影响

为了探究芩术仙灵散对夏季公兔抗氧化能力、生殖激素水平和生殖能力的影响,将18只健康、性成熟新西兰公兔随机分成3组,分别为常温对照组(全价饲料),高温高湿组(全价饲料)和给药组(全价饲料+芩术仙灵散2.5 g/d)。常温对照组饲养在温度25℃、相对湿度60%的动物房中,其他组饲养在夏季自然温度与光照的动物房中。记录试验兔日采食量和爬跨率,通过生化分析仪检测抗氧化能力,显微镜观察精子形态,放射免疫法检测生殖激素水平。结果:与常温对照组相比,高温高湿组公兔日采食量、爬跨率、抗氧化能力、精液品质和激素水平均显著降低(P<0.05),射精反应时间显著延长(P<0.05)。与高温高湿组比较,给药组公兔日采食量、爬跨率、抗氧化能力、激素水平均显著升高(P<0.05);射精反应时间缩短了3.67 s(P<0.05);精液品质改善明显,精子畸形率降低了1.72%(P<0.05),精子活率升高了8%(P<0.05)。本研究表明,公兔在夏季产生了热应激,日粮中添加芩术仙灵散可提高夏季公兔抗氧化能力、生殖激素水平和生殖能力。

菟丝子盐炙前后对肾阳虚模型大鼠精子活力的影响

本文旨在研究菟丝子盐炙前后对肾阳虚大鼠精子活力的影响。本研究采用肌注氢化可的松的方法建立大鼠肾阳虚模型,分别用菟丝子生品、盐炙品、市售盐菟丝子的水提液以及金匮肾气丸对肾阳虚大鼠灌胃14 d,记录大鼠睾丸、附睾等脏器指数,精子密度及精子活力,观察睾丸组织病理切片,测定血清睾酮(T)水平及睾丸匀浆中酸性磷酸酯酶(ACP)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)水平。结果表明,与模型组比较,菟丝子盐炙品、市售品和生品水提液均可提高模型大鼠的精子活力,降低睾丸、附睾指数,改善生精小管稀少、各级生精细胞的病理症状,盐炙组睾酮、ACP、SDH、T-T-SOD、GSH平均值高于市售组和生品组,MDA低于市售组和生品组。菟丝子生品及盐炙品水提液可通过影响精子生成的酶以及抗氧化应激反应,改善氢化可的松致肾阳虚大鼠的精子活力,其中盐炙品效果更好。本研究初步探讨了盐菟丝子的炮制机理,为炮制的科学性提供了进一步的理论支撑。

辅酶Q10和维生素E与黄精赞育胶囊联合治疗弱精症的临床效果观察

目的:观察辅酶Q10和维生素E与黄精赞育胶囊联合治疗弱精症的临床疗效。方法:选择2022年1月-2022年9月初次就诊并接受治疗的弱精症患者(确诊为肾虚精亏夹湿热型)90例,采用随机对照法分为对照1组(A组)、对照组2组(B组)和观察组(C组)。A组给予辅酶Q10和维生素E治疗,B组给予黄精赞育胶囊治疗,C组给予黄精赞育胶囊+辅酶Q10和维生素E治疗。治疗结束6个月后随访配偶妊娠情况。比较三组患者的精液质量[精子浓度、精子活力(PR%)、正常形态率、DNA碎片率(DFI)和精液活性氧(ROS)含量]及患者配偶的临床妊娠率、显效率、有效率。结果:三组间治疗前、治疗后的精液质量各项比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组治疗后的精子活力和正常形态率高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后的精子浓度与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。B组治疗后的精子浓度、精子活力、正常形态率与治疗前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。C组治疗后精子活力高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后精子浓度和正常形态百分率与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后三组患者的精子DNA碎片率、精浆ROS生成量均低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组临床妊娠率、显效率和总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:联合用药与辅酶Q10和维生素E治疗效果相似,均略优于黄精赞育胶囊治疗效果,联合用药是否优于辅酶Q10和维生素E需要扩大样本量进一步研究。

基于UPLC-Q-TRAP-MS分析养心安神药对酸枣仁-五味子配伍煎煮前后10个指标成分含量变化

目的分析养心安神药对酸枣仁-五味子配伍煎煮前后主要指标成分差异变化,并建立含量测定方法。方法采用Welch Ultimate XB-C_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,5μm),以0.1%甲酸水溶液(A)-乙腈(B)为流动相,流速0.4 mL/min柱温40℃,梯度洗脱;质谱采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),多反应监测离子扫描模式(MRM)。分别对该药对单煎液、单煎合并液与合煎液中主要指标成分酸枣仁皂苷A、斯皮诺素、五味子醇甲、五味子酯甲、五味子甲素、五味子乙素、芦丁、槲皮素、山柰酚、山柰酚-3-O-云香糖苷进行含量测定,并分析药对配伍前后主要指标成分的含量变化差异。结果以上10种成分在一定浓度范围内均呈现良好的线性关系;精密度、重复性和稳定性RSD均良好;平均加样回收率在95.0%~102.1%,RSD为0.03%~3.7%。本次实验结果与前期试验认为酸枣仁与五味子在合煎后,主要指标成分降低保持一致性。结论多指标成分同时测定为该药对配伍质量全面控制提供新的方法并为其药效物质基础的深入研究提供依据。