HCV infection among heterosexuals with multiple partners and family members of patients with hepatitis C, and FICV RNA in the body fluid of these patients were investigated. The results showed that the HCV infection i...HCV infection among heterosexuals with multiple partners and family members of patients with hepatitis C, and FICV RNA in the body fluid of these patients were investigated. The results showed that the HCV infection in heterosexuals with multiple partners, which was related to sexual activity, was much higher than that of healthy pregnant women. The HCV RNA in the saliva, semen or vaginal discharge of patients with hepatitis C was at detectable level. Among the patient's relatives, none of the children but 2 spouses were found to be infected with HCV. We concluded that sexual contact might play some role in HCV transmission.展开更多
Objective To investigate the risk factors of acute hepatitis B virus through blood and sexual contact transmission in Beijing.Methods A population-based 1∶2matched case-control study was used in our survey.Three hund...Objective To investigate the risk factors of acute hepatitis B virus through blood and sexual contact transmission in Beijing.Methods A population-based 1∶2matched case-control study was used in our survey.Three hundred and one acute hepatitis B cases living展开更多
Objective:To assess the sero-positivity rate of HIV infection among clinically suspected subjects of reproductive age group(15-49 years),biological and behavioral characteristics of the subjects gender specific variat...Objective:To assess the sero-positivity rate of HIV infection among clinically suspected subjects of reproductive age group(15-49 years),biological and behavioral characteristics of the subjects gender specific variation of sero-positivity rale,and the differentials of the sero-positivity rate for the history of blood transfusion or blood products or other organs,history of needle exposure and symptoms of morbidity.Methods:Study is based on the retrospective data of the calendar year 2005 obtained from Voluntary Counseling and Testing Centre(VCTC)(now renamed as ICTC),Department of Microbiology,I.M.S.,B.H.U..Varanasi.These cases were either referred by the consultants of different OPD'S of Sir Sunderlal Hospital or came voluntarily for knowing their HIV status.About 2-3 mL of blood samples were collected in a plain vial and tested for HIV status by strategy Ⅱ/Ⅲ as per WHO/NACO guidelines.Results:Overall sero-positivity of HIV was 15.3%(18.1%in males and 12.2%in females) which increased 6-7 folds in the age group 35-49 years as compared to 15-24 years in both the sexes.Sero-positivity rate in male migrants was 43.1%,while in female migrants it was 18.7%.The history of multiple sexual contacts was about 3 times higher in males as compared to females;predominantly it was very high in male migrants(67.7%) as compared to male non-migrants(15.8%).History of multiple sexual contacts was not uncommon in females and it was 25.0%in female migrants and 9.7%in non-migrant females.The sero-positivity rate with the history of multiple sexual contacts was 45.4%in males and 60.3%in females,while without history of multiple sexual contacts these were only 2.8%and 5.3%respectively.Sero-positive cases had on an average 3.6±1.7 various morbidity symptoms as compared to 0.7±1.1 in sero-negatives.It is to be noted that sero-positivity rate was more in those females who seemed apparently healthy compared to those presenting with some of the symptoms;vice versa,in males presenting with some symptoms HIV infection was 7 times higher than those without symptoms.Conclusions:The findings indicate a high sero-positivity among both the genders.Multiple heterosexual contacts,especially,in migrants are the main root of transmission of HIV.These are causing spread of HIV to their spouses.The multiple sexual contacts in the society,especially,among non migrant females of this region are indicating the distortion of traditions and cultures which are a serious concern and may lead to HTV infection on the rise.Awareness program to the susceptible group is the need to reduce further spread of HIV.展开更多
Introduction:The transmission dynamics of the recent mpox outbreak highlights the lack of infrastructure available to rapidly respond to novel STI outbreaks,of which Asia and Oceania remains particularly susceptible.H...Introduction:The transmission dynamics of the recent mpox outbreak highlights the lack of infrastructure available to rapidly respond to novel STI outbreaks,of which Asia and Oceania remains particularly susceptible.Here,we simulate outbreaks in this setting and propose the use of pre-emptive vaccination within the men who have sex with men(MSM)community before the arrival and establishment of the virus.Materials and methods Using data driven heterogeneous sexual contact networks,we simulated outbreaks of mpox in Singapore,Hong Kong,and Sydney.An individual based SEIR compartmental model was used to simulate epidemic trajectories and the impact of different vaccination uptakes was assessed in their ability to avert or suppress outbreaks upon the arrival of mpox within the MSM populations.Results:The highly dense sexual networks of Singapore and Sydney experience rapid outbreaks,with infection peaks occurring at day 41 and 23 respectively,compared to Hong Kong which occurs at day 77.Across the simulations with no vaccination,68.2%–89.7%of the MSM community will become infected with mpox across the different cities,over a simulation period of 1 year.By implementing vaccination strategies,the infection rate across the cities can be reduced to as low as 3.1%of the population(range:3.1%–82.2%)depending on the implementation and uptake of the vaccine.Vaccination is also extremely effective in slowing the start of the epidemic,delaying the epidemic peak by 36–50 days in Hong Kong,or even preventing the outbreak of mpox.Discussion:With extremely dense and well-connected sexual contact networks,where 65.2%–83.2%of the population are connected to a super-spreader in the different contact networks,pre-emptive or immediate vaccination upon identification of the first case is strongly recommended to help better manage the outbreak of mpox and prevent potential straining of healthcare systems.展开更多
[目的]了解浦东新区男男性行为(men who have sex with men,MSM)人群与谈心对象和社会交往对象性行为发生情况和艾滋病感染可能性的认知情况。[方法]采用横断面调查研究的方法,于2010年6—12月对158名符合入选标准的研究对象进行问卷调...[目的]了解浦东新区男男性行为(men who have sex with men,MSM)人群与谈心对象和社会交往对象性行为发生情况和艾滋病感染可能性的认知情况。[方法]采用横断面调查研究的方法,于2010年6—12月对158名符合入选标准的研究对象进行问卷调查,收集一般人口学信息、工作生活状况、社交网络与性行为情况等资料。[结果]共完成158份合格问卷,调查对象平均年龄为(30.7±6.9)岁,82.3%的人性取向为同性恋者。第一次和男性发生性行为的年龄为(22.3±4.9)岁。平均每人有谈心对象2.2个,83.4%的男性谈心对象为男同性恋,76.9%的男性社会交往对象为男同性恋。调查对象与男同性恋谈心对象及社会交往对象间的性行为发生率为37.2%,过去6个月每次都用安全套的比例为57.9%,41.8%的调查对象认为自己不可能感染艾滋病,35.5%的HIV感染者不同意"很多人认为男同性恋会感染艾滋病,并死于艾滋病"的看法。[结论]浦东新区MSM人群与社交对象间发生性行为的情况较普遍,安全套使用率偏低,对自我感染艾滋病的认识也较低,需要加大工作力度深入开展该人群的艾滋病防治工作。展开更多
文摘HCV infection among heterosexuals with multiple partners and family members of patients with hepatitis C, and FICV RNA in the body fluid of these patients were investigated. The results showed that the HCV infection in heterosexuals with multiple partners, which was related to sexual activity, was much higher than that of healthy pregnant women. The HCV RNA in the saliva, semen or vaginal discharge of patients with hepatitis C was at detectable level. Among the patient's relatives, none of the children but 2 spouses were found to be infected with HCV. We concluded that sexual contact might play some role in HCV transmission.
文摘Objective To investigate the risk factors of acute hepatitis B virus through blood and sexual contact transmission in Beijing.Methods A population-based 1∶2matched case-control study was used in our survey.Three hundred and one acute hepatitis B cases living
文摘Objective:To assess the sero-positivity rate of HIV infection among clinically suspected subjects of reproductive age group(15-49 years),biological and behavioral characteristics of the subjects gender specific variation of sero-positivity rale,and the differentials of the sero-positivity rate for the history of blood transfusion or blood products or other organs,history of needle exposure and symptoms of morbidity.Methods:Study is based on the retrospective data of the calendar year 2005 obtained from Voluntary Counseling and Testing Centre(VCTC)(now renamed as ICTC),Department of Microbiology,I.M.S.,B.H.U..Varanasi.These cases were either referred by the consultants of different OPD'S of Sir Sunderlal Hospital or came voluntarily for knowing their HIV status.About 2-3 mL of blood samples were collected in a plain vial and tested for HIV status by strategy Ⅱ/Ⅲ as per WHO/NACO guidelines.Results:Overall sero-positivity of HIV was 15.3%(18.1%in males and 12.2%in females) which increased 6-7 folds in the age group 35-49 years as compared to 15-24 years in both the sexes.Sero-positivity rate in male migrants was 43.1%,while in female migrants it was 18.7%.The history of multiple sexual contacts was about 3 times higher in males as compared to females;predominantly it was very high in male migrants(67.7%) as compared to male non-migrants(15.8%).History of multiple sexual contacts was not uncommon in females and it was 25.0%in female migrants and 9.7%in non-migrant females.The sero-positivity rate with the history of multiple sexual contacts was 45.4%in males and 60.3%in females,while without history of multiple sexual contacts these were only 2.8%and 5.3%respectively.Sero-positive cases had on an average 3.6±1.7 various morbidity symptoms as compared to 0.7±1.1 in sero-negatives.It is to be noted that sero-positivity rate was more in those females who seemed apparently healthy compared to those presenting with some of the symptoms;vice versa,in males presenting with some symptoms HIV infection was 7 times higher than those without symptoms.Conclusions:The findings indicate a high sero-positivity among both the genders.Multiple heterosexual contacts,especially,in migrants are the main root of transmission of HIV.These are causing spread of HIV to their spouses.The multiple sexual contacts in the society,especially,among non migrant females of this region are indicating the distortion of traditions and cultures which are a serious concern and may lead to HTV infection on the rise.Awareness program to the susceptible group is the need to reduce further spread of HIV.
基金supported by the NUS Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health's Start Up Fund[22-5118-A0001]the Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council under its National Epidemic Preparedness and Response R&D Funding Initiative(MOH-001041)Programme for Research in Epidemic Preparedness And REsponse(PREPARE).
文摘Introduction:The transmission dynamics of the recent mpox outbreak highlights the lack of infrastructure available to rapidly respond to novel STI outbreaks,of which Asia and Oceania remains particularly susceptible.Here,we simulate outbreaks in this setting and propose the use of pre-emptive vaccination within the men who have sex with men(MSM)community before the arrival and establishment of the virus.Materials and methods Using data driven heterogeneous sexual contact networks,we simulated outbreaks of mpox in Singapore,Hong Kong,and Sydney.An individual based SEIR compartmental model was used to simulate epidemic trajectories and the impact of different vaccination uptakes was assessed in their ability to avert or suppress outbreaks upon the arrival of mpox within the MSM populations.Results:The highly dense sexual networks of Singapore and Sydney experience rapid outbreaks,with infection peaks occurring at day 41 and 23 respectively,compared to Hong Kong which occurs at day 77.Across the simulations with no vaccination,68.2%–89.7%of the MSM community will become infected with mpox across the different cities,over a simulation period of 1 year.By implementing vaccination strategies,the infection rate across the cities can be reduced to as low as 3.1%of the population(range:3.1%–82.2%)depending on the implementation and uptake of the vaccine.Vaccination is also extremely effective in slowing the start of the epidemic,delaying the epidemic peak by 36–50 days in Hong Kong,or even preventing the outbreak of mpox.Discussion:With extremely dense and well-connected sexual contact networks,where 65.2%–83.2%of the population are connected to a super-spreader in the different contact networks,pre-emptive or immediate vaccination upon identification of the first case is strongly recommended to help better manage the outbreak of mpox and prevent potential straining of healthcare systems.
文摘[目的]了解浦东新区男男性行为(men who have sex with men,MSM)人群与谈心对象和社会交往对象性行为发生情况和艾滋病感染可能性的认知情况。[方法]采用横断面调查研究的方法,于2010年6—12月对158名符合入选标准的研究对象进行问卷调查,收集一般人口学信息、工作生活状况、社交网络与性行为情况等资料。[结果]共完成158份合格问卷,调查对象平均年龄为(30.7±6.9)岁,82.3%的人性取向为同性恋者。第一次和男性发生性行为的年龄为(22.3±4.9)岁。平均每人有谈心对象2.2个,83.4%的男性谈心对象为男同性恋,76.9%的男性社会交往对象为男同性恋。调查对象与男同性恋谈心对象及社会交往对象间的性行为发生率为37.2%,过去6个月每次都用安全套的比例为57.9%,41.8%的调查对象认为自己不可能感染艾滋病,35.5%的HIV感染者不同意"很多人认为男同性恋会感染艾滋病,并死于艾滋病"的看法。[结论]浦东新区MSM人群与社交对象间发生性行为的情况较普遍,安全套使用率偏低,对自我感染艾滋病的认识也较低,需要加大工作力度深入开展该人群的艾滋病防治工作。
