Epidemiology of Male Sexual Dysfunction (MSD) in Patients Consulting in Some Health Services in the City of Douala, Cameroon

Sexual dysfunction is a group of diseases, disorders or difficulties experienced by men or women during any stage of normal sexual activity. In Africa in general and Cameroon in particular, statistical data concerning the prevelance and the main causes of male sexual dysfunction are rare due to socio-cultural and religious burdens and sometimes self-medication. The objective of this work was to determine the prevalences, comorbidities and the risk factors of the main sexual dysfunction in some hospitals in city of Douala. Through a descriptive retrospective study carried out from Novembre 2019 to June 2021, sociodemographic parameter, reasons of consultation, risk factors and type of male sexual dysfunction (erectile dysfunction or erectile dysfunction (ED), ejaculation disorders (EjD), libido disorders (LD) and disorders of sexual activity with pain or painful sexual intercourse (PSI)) were collected in the medical files of patients who have made urological consultation between 2016 and 2020 at the Deido District hospital, Laquintinie Douala Hospital and Douala General hospital respectively. At the end of our data collection, out of a total of 24995 consultations, 2743 (10.98%) patients were suffering from at least one male sexual dysfunction. Moreover, sexual disorders were the 2nd reason of urological consultation (13.69%) after urinary disorders (33.85%). Among sexual disorders, erectile (76%) and ejaculatory (20%) disorders were the predominant pathologies recorded with the prevalences of 9.79 et 2.62% respectively, and were mostly represented in patients from [41 - 50] for erectile dysfunction, and [18 - 30] years old for ejaculative dysfunction. In addition, the number of patients with ejaculatory and erectile dysfunctions was more important in patients from [18 - 30] and [31 - 40] years old respectively. Among patients presenting sexual disorders, several risk factors or pathologies were associated with the dysfunction: benign prostatic hyperplasia and metabolic syndrome (in patients over 50 years old);psychosocial problems, infections, and alcohol (in patients under 50 years old). These findings could be useful in the elaboration of therapeutic strategies for the management of the Cameroonian population suffering from sexual dysfunctions.

Study on Female Sexual Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Chinese Women

Abstract Objective To investigate the female sexual dysfunction （FSD） in type 2 diabetes patients, by comparing the sexual function between type 2 diabetic women and non-diabetic women with Female Sexual Function Index （FSFI）. Methods 215 type 2 diabetic women and 107 age-matched non-diabetes women were enrolled with similar backgrounds. Their sexual functions were evaluated with FSFI. Metabolic parameters such as body mass index, blood lipid profile, hemoglobin AlC, plasma glucose were also collected. Results Total score of FSFI of the type 2 diabetic women were significantly lower than that of the non-diabetic controls （18.27±8.96 vs. 23.02±5.78, P=0.000）. Scores of the FSFI domains （desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, pain） of the type 2 diabetic group were also lower than those of the control group. According to the FSD criterion （FSFI〈25） available in China, the percentage of FSD in the type 2 diabetic group was significantly higher than that of the control group （79.2% vs. 55.0%, P〈0.001）. These trends seemed more prominent in pre-menopause subgroups. The logistic regression analysis indicated that age and diabetes were independent risk factors of FSD. Body Mass Index （BMI） also had influence in the diabetes group. Conclusion Findings from this study showed that there are more FDS in Chinese type 2 diabetic women than in their non-diabetic counterparts, especially in pre-menopause participants.

How to recognize late-onset hypogonadism in men wit sexual dysfunction

Late-onset hypogonadism （LOH） has been considered the most common form of male hypogonadism with a prevalence of approximately 1 in 100 men. Diagnosis of LOH should be made in symptomatic men with unequivocally low serum testosterone （T） levels. However, its clinical presentation is often insidious and difficult to recognize because it is characterized by nonspecific symptoms that make differential diagnosis with physiological ageing problematic. Sexual dysfunction is the most important determinant for medical consultation and the most specific symptom associated with low T. We therefore analysed a consecutive series of 1734 subjects who attended our unit for sexual dysfunction to investigate the associations between low T （different thresholds）, sexual parameters, medical history data （delayed puberty, pituitary disease or cryptorchidism） and their physical exam results. Metabolic parameters, in particular waist circumference, display the greatest accuracy in detecting low T. We found that only the association of several symptoms and signs could significantly raise the clinical suspicion of low T. Structured inventories, which cluster together symptoms and signs of hypogonadism, can help clinicians suspect androgen deficiency. In particular, structured interviews, such as ANDROTEST, have been demonstrated to have a greater accuracy when compared to self reported questionnaires in detecting low T levels.

Sexual Dysfunction among Chinese Nurses:Prevalence and Predictors

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of and identify the factors influencing female sexual dysfunction （FSD） among Chinese nurses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March 2013 to May 2014 among 6 hospitals in Suzhou, China. In total, 2,030 married female nurses were included in the analysis.

Multiple sclerosis and sexual dysfunction

Multiple sclerosis （MS） is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system characterized by episodic and progressive neurologic dysfunction resulting from inflammatory and autoimmune reactions. The underlying pathogenesis of MS remains largely unclear. However, it is currently accepted as a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Among other clinical manifestations, sexual dysfunction （SD） is a painful but still underreported and underdiagnosed symptom of the disorder. SD in MS patients may result from a complex set of conditions and may be associated with multiple anatomic, physiologic, biologic, medical and psychological factors. SD arises primarily from lesions affecting the neural pathways involved in physiologic function. In addition, psychological factors, the side effects of medications and physical symptoms such as fatigue, muscular weakness, menstrual changes, pain and concerns about bladder and bowel incontinence may also be involved. Since MS primarily affects young people, SD secondary to MS may have a great impact on quality of life. Thus, maintaining a healthy sexual life with MS is an important priority. The treatment of SD requires multidisciDlinarv teamwork and coooeration amone specialists,individual patients, partners and the society.

Sexual dysfunctions and their treatment in liver diseases

Sexual dysfunction(SD)is a prevalent but very commonly ignored aspect in the treatment of liver diseases and cirrhosis.The etiology of SD is multifactorial and therefore treatment strategies are complex,especially in females.Phosphodiesterase inhibitors are useful and effective in erectile dysfunction in males but in females,no single drug is available for SD,therefore multimodal treatment is required depending upon the cause.The foremost and fundamental requirement in both genders is to be stress-free and have adequate control of liver diseases.Improved quality of life is helpful in improving SD and vice versa is also true.Therefore,patients suffering from liver diseases should come forward and ask for treatment for SD,and physicians should actively enquire about SD while history taking and evaluating these patients.SD results in deterioration of quality of life,and both are modifiable and treatable aspects of liver diseases,which are never addressed actively,due to social taboos and fears of SD treatment in the presence of liver diseases.The diagnosis of SD does not require costly investigations,as the diagnosis can be established based on validated questionnaires available for both genders,therefore detailed targeted history taking using questionnaires is essential.Data are emerging in this area but is still at an early stage.More studies should be dedicated to SD in liver diseases.

Assessment of Female Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Premenopausal Female Pattern Hair Loss

Introduction: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a serious problem that affects negatively the quality of life, interpersonal relationships and female self- confidence and might be a direct cause of psychopathological disturbances. Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a common cosmetically disturbing condition affecting many women with social and psychological consequences. Aim of the Work: Assessment of the relationship between female sexual dysfunction and Female pattern hair loss in premenopausal females. Methods: A case-control study was carried on 47 female patients with FPHL and 43 age- matched control women without FPHL among premenopausal women attending dermatology and Andrology outpatient’s clinics, Suez Canal University hospital during the period from May 2018 to January 2019. History taking, clinical examination and hormonal investigation (Free Testosterone, Total Testosterone, and SHBG) were performed to all participants in the study. Main Outcome Measures: The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used to assess the key aspects of female sexual function in patients and controls. FPHL was diagnosed and graded by Ludwig’s classification. Results: Mean age of patients group was 30.12 ± 5.49 years, Regarding FPHL grading, 55.3%, 42.6% & 2.1% of patients were grades 1, 2 and 3 Ludwig’s classification respectively. FSD was found in 44.7% of patients while it was 44.2% in control group (P > 0.05). FSFI score in patients group was 26.40 ± 4.61 and in control group was 27.05 ± 3.12 (P > 0.05). Correlation between FSD prevalence and grade of FPHL by Ludwig’s classification was statistically insignificant. FSD was significantly compromised by increasing age and parity in patients and control groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The present study suggests that FSD was not significantly related to FPHL. Increased age and parity may have strong impact on sexual function in premenopausal women, while androgen hormones levels were not determinant factor.

Effect of Varicocelectomy on Gonadal Function among Patients Reporting with Sexual Dysfunction in Ghana

Background: Long-standing varicocele is often associated with testicular hypoxia and that might worsen Leydig cell function, a significant risk factor for hypogonadism. This may affect both the secretory and endocrine functions of the testis. This study aims to determine the effect of microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocelectomy on gonadal function among men reporting sexual dysfunction in Ghana. Methods: This was an intervention study conducted at the Tamale Teaching Hospital from September 2017 to August 2021. A total of 103 participants were randomized into two groups;the surgery group (n = 52) and the observed group (n = 51). Venous blood samples were collected at baseline, varicocelectomy was performed for the surgery group, and no intervention was given to the other. Blood samples were subsequently collected at 12-, 24-, 36-, and 48-month intervals for assay of serum total testosterone, FSH, and LH. The data were analyzed in GraphPad Prism (v8.0) at an alpha value of 0.05. Results: All the participants had varicocele and were aged between 55.0 to 69.0 years old. At the baseline of the study, all participants presented with sexual dysfunction but a significant improvement (p Conclusions: Microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocelectomy improved gonadal function among varicocele patients reporting sexual dysfunction. It is recommended to use this choice for similar patients;however, these findings should be verified by a multi-institutional study to provide more evidence for this choice.

A summary of the pharmacologically tested aphrodisiac plants for sexual dysfunction

Sexual dysfunction is a disruption of normal sexual intercourse and may be a consequence of various organic and psychological disorders. It is the most frequent at patients with cardiovascular and neurological diseases, sedentary lifestyle, arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome, and may disrupt their emotional life. But, sexual dysfunction may occur simply because of the physical aging of the body. Physiologic changes that occur with aging will aff ect sexual function and could be exacerbated by the above-mentioned diseases. Except for the sexual counseling and standard medications (phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5)– inhibitors, local estrogen therapy), some of the herbal medicines (aphrodisiacs) may be helpful in the treatment of these patients making them emotionally younger and happier. In this review, we bring a list of the pharmacologically tested aphrodisiac plants. But, we have a lack of information about their mechanisms of action, drug interaction and safety profi le. Until the relevant information is collected, uses of these products may be risky to the human being and should be prescribed only in consultation with a specialist.

Therapeutic Approach in Female Sexual Dysfunctions in an Outpatient Clinic of Sexology in the Public Health System: A Longitudinal and Prospective Study

INTRODUCTION: Sexuality is one of the parameters of quality of life, and it is essential to include care for sexual dysfunctions in primary health care. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic approach in female sexual dysfunction in a public health outpatient clinic. DESIGN: A prospective cohort of women with sexual dysfunctions in an outpatient clinic of sexology in the Public Health System. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and scored 0 - 10 their sexual satisfaction were applied at the beginning and end of the follow-up. RESULTS: Eighty-nine women were included with a median age of 45 years, 69 (77.5%) had less than 11 years of schooling and 95.5% lived with a partner. The main reasons for referral for follow-up at the outpatient clinic of sexuality were dysfunction of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in 67.4% and pain related to sexual function in 46%. The average number of consultations was five and the main therapeutic interventions were guidance and clarification on sexuality (86.5%), use of topical estrogen (56.2%), and relaxation techniques (37.1%). All FSFI-19 domains had better post-intervention rates (p ≤ 0.005). Considering the domains of the FSFI-19, the medians of desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, pleasure and pain were higher in the post-intervention period in relation to the pre-intervention period (p ≤ 0.0001 for all analysis). In addition, the score given by the participant on their sexual satisfaction was higher at the post-intervention time compared to the pre-intervention period (p ≤ 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In public health, even with the care being performed by different professionals in each consultation, we conclude that through simple interventions, it is possible to improve the sexualities of the women attended. Still, offering care in sexuality is fundamental as part of primary health care and the training of medical professionals.

Research progress of male sexual dysfunction following stroke

Stroke is a major disabling and fatal disease worldwide.There are many studies on neurological deficits and cognitive impairment after stroke,but there are few studies on sexual dysfunction,which is an important part of patients'quality of life.Studies have shown that male sexual dysfunction following stroke is very common,such as loss of libido,erectile dysfunction and ejaculatory weakness.Among them,young male stroke patients have particularly high requirements for quality of life and are ashamed to speak when they have secondary dysfunction.Related knowledge and degree of attention of medical staff are also relatively less.The location and area of stroke and the occurrence and development process of the disease may affect the sexual function of patients.Its etiology roughly includes both organic and functional aspects.Further study of post-stroke sexual dysfunction and strengthening the diagnosis and treatment of sexual dysfunction in stroke patients should be included in the category of stroke rehabilitation.

Construction and Initial Structure of Sexual Dysfunctions Tendencies Measure

Disclosure of sexual dysfunctions is difficult due to shame and social stigma.The instruments to measure sexual dysfunctions so far were quite backdated and lengthy.Moreover,there was no specific instrument available that could evaluate all the sexual dysfunctions on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders’criteria in a single scale;separate for men and women.The objective to develop the scale was to provide the non-clinical population with a short and straight-forward measure in English which could help them in deciding about seeking professional help.The constructed scale comprised of 7 items for males and 7 for females and employed 6-points Likert scale for responses.The study involved 79 men and 105 women(N=184;Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sample Adequacy=0.682 for males and 0.618 for females).The inclusion criteria were the practical involvement of the participants in sexual practices and ability to respond to a questionnaire in English.Exploratory Factor Analysis was conducted to measure the reliability and validity of the scale.While employing Principal Component Analysis for extraction and Oblimin with Kaiser Normalization as Rotation,Exploratory Factor Analysis was conducted on 7 items for males and 7 items for females separately.Sampling adequacy was found good and the adequacy of correlations between items and was found highly significant.The Cronbach’s Alpha reliability was satisfactory.4 factors were extracted for males with 78.65%variance explained.3 factors were extracted for females with 66.57%variance explained.The communalities for all the 14 items ranged between 0.554 to 0.937.The study established that Sexual Dysfunctions Tendencies Measure is a valid and reliable tool to measure sexual dysfunctions with the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

Prospective randomized study to evaluate and compare the post-procedural sexual function in patients undergoing semi-rigid ureterorenoscopy for distal ureteric stones in three different operating room settings

Objective:To evaluate and compare the effect of semi-rigid ureterorenoscopy on post-procedural sexual function with three different operating room settings.Methods:In this prospective randomized study,consecutive sexually active patients with normal pre-operative sexual function undergoing uncomplicated semi-rigid ureterorenoscopy for distal ureteric stones were randomized into three groups,with three different operating room settings.Procedure-related anxiety and sexual function were assessed pre-operatively using Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale and Brief Sexual Function Inventory(in males)and Female Sexual Function Index-6(in females),respectively.All the participants were stented following the procedure,and the stent was removed after 3 weeks.Post-procedural sexual function and general discomfort were assessed and compared between three groups at 1 week,3 weeks,and 12 weeks.The effect of surgery-related anxiety,preoperative sexual function,age,and general discomfort(including stent-related discomfort)on post-procedural sexual function were analyzed using multiple regression analysis.A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Totally,327 eligible patients were randomized into three groups.The group of patients who underwent the procedural with a screen separating the operating area from the patient vision,while the patient could watch the endoscopy through a separate monitor,had better post-procedural sexual function compared to those who had total vision of the operating area as well as to those whose eyes were blocked.This difference was statistically significant.This post-procedural reduction in sexual function could not be attributed to in situ stent alone.Conclusions:Our study showed that semi-rigid ureterorenoscopy can have significant negative effect on sexual function,which can be reduced with proper preoperative counseling and an ideal operating room settings.

Effect of Chlorophytum Borivilianum Santapau and Fernandes on Sexual Dysfunction in Hyperglycemic Male Rats

Objective:To investigate the effects of Chlorophytum borivilianum(CB) on sexual dysfunction, loss of body weight,and lack of libido in hyperglycemic rats induced with streptozotocin or alloxan.Methods: Wistar strain male albino rats were divided into five groups of six animals each:the control group(2% polyvinylpyrollidone solution),the streptozotocin control group(50 mg/kg),the alloxan control group(100 mg/kg), the streptozotocin + CB treated group(200 mg/kg),and the alloxan + CB treated group(200 mg/kg).O...

Use of a Natural Compound Made of Ecklonia bicyclis Seaweed, Tribulus terrestris and Water-Soluble Chitosan Oligosaccharide, in Male Sexual Asthenia with Mild or Mild-Moderate Erectile Dysfunction and Serum Testosterone Levels at the Lower Limit of Normal

Objectives: to evaluate the effectiveness of a natural compound made of Ecklonia bicyclis Seaweed, Tribulus terrestris and water-soluble chitosan oligosaccharide, in the male sexual asthenia with mild or mild-moderate erectile dysfunction and serum testosterone levels between 280 and 350 ng/dl. Materials and Methods: 84 male patients affected by reduced libido and serum testosterone levels at the lower limit of normal, were recruited. We have separated patients in three different age groups: group A (18 - 45 years), group B (45 - 59 years), group C (>60 years). All subjects answered the International index of erectile function questionnaire (IIEF-5) and underwent determination of serum total testosterone before and after 30 days of treatment. Results: Before treatment, the group A showed mean (± standard deviation) total testosterone 321.9 ± 19.2 ng/dl and mean IIEF-5 18.6 ± 1.97, in the group B it was 318.5 ± 18.1 ng/dl and 16.3 ± 2.66, and finally in the group C it was 305.4 ± 13.1 ng/dl and 14.2 ± 1.95 respectively. After treatment mean total testosterone and mean IIEF-5 were respectively: group A (448 ± 111.46 ng/dl and 21.84 ± 3.41);group B (453.8 ± 105.23 ng/dl and 20.4 ± 3.81);group C (385.8 ± 87.29 ng/dl and 16.7 ± 3.84). Conclusions: The treatment with Ecklonia bicyclis, Tribulus terrestris and water-soluble chitosan oligosaccharide might represent a safe and effective option on the improvement of libido and erectile function in man with testosterone level at the lower limit of normal.

Association between depressive mood and body image and menopausal symptoms and sexual function in perimenopausal women

BACKGROUND Perimenopausal is the period when women's ovarian function begins to decline before and after menopause.During this period,women experience a series of mental state changes,such as decreased hormone levels,decreased libido,and even female sexual dysfunction(FSD)in severe cases,which reduces their quality of life.Factors affecting the occurrence of FSD include physiological and nonphysiological factors,among which physiological factors are uncontrollable.Therefore,it is particularly important to ascertain the related non-physiological factors that affect the occurrence of FSD for improving the quality of sexual life of perimenopausal women.AIM To investigate the mediating effect of depressive mood and body image on menopausal symptoms and sexual function in perimenopausal women.METHODS A total of 186 perimenopausal women were enrolled between January 2019 and January 2021 and divided into the FSD(134 cases)and control(52 cases)groups based on the presence and absence of FSD.Clinical data were compared between the two groups.FSD-related factors were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Body Image Scale(BIS),and Menopause Rating Scale(MRS)scores were compared among women with different FSD scores.The correlation of the MRS score with the BIS and HAMD scores and the mediating effect of the BIS and HAMD scores on the MRS score and female sexual function index(FSFI)were analyzed.RESULTS The HAMD and BIS scores were higher in the FSD group than in the control group,and the difference in monthly income between the two groups was statistically significant(all P<0.05).Monthly income of<2000 yuan[odds ratio(OR)=26.586,P=0.000],BIS score(OR=1.590,P=0.000),and HAMD score(OR=1.884,P=0.000)were independent risk factors for FSD.MRS scores were positively correlated with BIS and HAMD scores(r=0.358 and 0.244,P=0.000 and 0.001,respectively)and negatively correlated with FSFI scores(r=-0.433,P=0.000).Body image and depressive mood had partial mediating effects,accounting for 39.90%of the total effect.CONCLUSION Depression and body image play mediating roles between menopausal symptoms and sexual function in perimenopausal women.

Sexual function history taking in medicine

Sexual history taking is important for the proper diagnosis and treatment of sexual dysfunction.It is often neglected in a clinical setting and it is also underre-ported by patients due to stigma and hesitation.Here we have described how we should take sexual function history taking during any sexual dysfunction.

Improved spontaneous erectile function in men with mild-tomoderate arteriogenic erectile dysfunction treated with a nightly dose of sildenafil for one year： a randomized trial

Aim： To test the hypothesis that sildenafil （50 mg nightly for one year） can improve spontaneous erectile function （EF） in men with mild-to-moderate arteriogenic erectile dysfunction （ED） responsive to erectogenic treatment. Methods： In a prospective open-label trial, 112 men with ED were randomized to sildenafil 50 mg nightly or sildenafil 50 or 100 mg as needed for 12 months, followed by one-month and 6-month non-medicated periods. Non-randomized, non-medicated men with ED were also assessed. The EF domain of the International Index of Erectile Function （IIEF EF） and the peak systolic velocity （PSV） of penile cavernous arteries were used to measure the efficacy. Results： After sildenafil treatment and a subsequent non-medicated month, IIEF EF was normal in 29 of 48 （60.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI]： 45.3-74.2%） of the nightly group vs. 4 of 49 （8.2%, 95% CI： 2.3-19.6%） of the as-needed group. PSV improved by 11.2 cm/s （95% CI： 4.7-21.4; P = 0.012） in the nightly group but only by 3.4 cm/s （-5.1- 14.7; P = 0.435） in the as-needed group. IIEF EF normalized in 1 of 18 （5.6%, 95% CI： 0.1-27.3%） non-medicated men and the PSV declined slightly. Six months after treatment, the IIEF EF remained normal and PSV was stabilized in most （28/29, 97%） nightly group men who had initially normalized. Conclusion： Sildenafil nightly for one year resulted in ED regression that persisted well beyond the end of treatment, so that spontaneous EF was characterized as normal on the IIEF in most men. The results from this open-label, randomized trial warrant verification under double-blind, placebo-controlled conditions.

Efficacy and tolerability of vardenafil in Asian men with erectile dysfunction

Aim： To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of vardenafil, a phosphodiesterase type-5 （PDE-5） inhibitor, in men of Asian ethnicity with erectile dysfunction （ED）. Methods： In this prospective, double-blind, multinational study, Asian men were randomized to receive vardenafil （10 mg） or placebo （4：1 ratio） for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy variables were the International Index of Erectile Function erectile function domain （IIEF-EF）, and Sexual Encounter Profile （SEP） questions related to penetration and intercourse completion. Significant mean improvements were required in all three measures to show positive benefits of vardenafil treatment. Secondary efficacy variables included the Global Assessment Question （GAQ） on erection improvement. Results： Least-squares mean baseline IIEF-EF domain scores （vardenafil 14.6, placebo 13.4） were consistent with moderate ED. After 12 weeks, vardenafil treatment was associated with significant increases from the baseline in IIEF-EF domain scores compared with the placebo （22.4 vs. 14.3; P 〈 0.001）. Vardenafil was associated with significant improvements from baseline in least squares （LS） mean success rates for SEP-2 （vardenafil 82.2 vs. placebo 43.6; P 〈 0.001） and SEP-3 （vardenafil 66.1 vs. placebo 24.0; P 〈 0.001）. Positive GAQ responses were reported by 81.8% of vardenafil recipients vs. 24.3% of placebo recipients. Adverse events were reported by 25.4% of the vardenafil group, the majority mild and transient. Conclusion： Vardenafil （10 mg） is a highly effective and well-tolerated treatment for moderate ED in Asian men. These results add to the increasing amount of data demonstrating the safety and efficacy of vardenafil for the treatment of ED in a range of patient populations.

Urinary and sexual function changes in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients before and after transurethral columnar balloon dilatation of the prostate

BACKGROUND Transurethral columnar balloon dilatation of the prostate(TUCBDP) is a new surgical treatment, but its efficacy remains controversial because of limited clinical application.AIM To investigate the clinical effect of TUCBDP for benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).METHODS Overall, 140 patients with BPH who underwent surgical treatment were included in the study. A random number table was used to divide the participants into study and control groups(n = 70 per group). The study group underwent TUCBDP. The prostate resection surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, bladder irrigation time, catheter indwelling time, length of hospital stay, International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS), maximum urine flow rate(Qmax), residual urine volume(RUV), changes in the International Erectile Function Score(ⅡEF-5) score, serum prostate-specific antigen(PSA), quality of life(QOL) score, and surgical complications were compared in both groups.RESULTS The operation time, intraoperative blood loss volume, bladder flushing time, urinary catheter indwelling time, and length of hospital stay were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the IPSS, Qmax, and RUV measurements between the study and control groups(P > 0.05). However, at 3 mo post-surgery, the IPSS and RUV measurements were both lower(P < 0.05) and Qmax values were higher(P < 0.05) compared to the pre-surgery results in both groups. The ⅡEF-5 scores before and 3 mo after surgery were not significantly different between the study and control groups(P > 0.05). At 1 mo after surgery, the ⅡEF-5 score was higher in the study group than in the control group(P < 0.05). The serum PSA levels and QOL scores before treatment and at 1 and 3 mo after treatment were not significantly different between the study and control groups(P > 0.05). However, lower serum PSA levels and QOL scores were observed after 1 and 3 mo of treatment compared to pre-treatment levels in the study group(P < 0.05). The surgical complication rate of the study group(4.29%) was lower than that of the control group(12.86%;P < 0.05).CONCLUSION TUCBDP for BPH and transurethral resection of the prostate can achieve better results, but the former method is associated with less surgical trauma.