Analysis of Application Status and Recommendations for Shade-Tolerant Lawns and Ground Cover Plants in the West Lake Scenic Area

Taking 8 parks in Xihu Scenic Area as the survey objects, this study found that there are 77 kinds of shade-tolerant lawns and ground cover plants under the forest in good growth condition, and there are 3 types of application forms: dense forest, sparse forest and forest edge. In response to the existing problems, it is proposed that it is necessary to adhere to principles of ecology, adapt to local conditions and plant suitable varieties in accordance with local conditions, develop and use new varieties of wild shade-tolerant lawns and ground cover plants, and strengthen the promotion of the mixed planting model of shade-tolerant lawns and ground cover plants, so as to provide guidance for the better use of shade-tolerant lawns and ground cover under the forest in the West Lake Scenic Area in the future.

Study on the Introduction of Plants with Colored Foliage in Zhengzhou Area and Their Adaptability

[Objective] This study aimed to preliminarily select the plants with colored foliage adaptable to Zhengzhou area. [Method] An introduction trial on 42 varieties with colored foliage was conducted, in which major ornamental characteristics, phenological phases and stress resistance of all the introduced plants with colored foliage were observed and the introduced plants were comprehensively evaluated. [Result] Golden-and Compound-leaved Maple, Red-leaved Sakura, Pink-and Compound-leaved Maple, Amur Maple, Purple-leaved Canadian Redbud with good performance were selected preliminarily, which can be applied for landscape in Zhengzhou area. Among them, Golden- and Compound-leaved Maple, Golden- and Silvery-leaved Maple and Purple-leaved Smoketree can either be planted separately, or in a line as boulevard trees, or in groups as ornamental forest; Red-leaved Sakura, Pink- and Compound-leaved Maple and Purple-leaved Canadian Redbud can be planted in groups or separately in gardens, parks or alongside streets or in front of buildings; Amur Maple with high adaptability is a excellent tree species for afforesting barren mountain. [Conclusion] This study has not only provided new excellent germplasm sources for the landscaping in Zhengzhou area, thus favoring the improvement of local landscaping level, but also provides examples and references for the introduction of plants with colored foliage in the other areas.

The Influence of Foliage Plants on Psychological and Physiological Responses

This research aims to clarify the significance of incorporating visual stimulation, in the form of foliage plants, into office desktop spaces. The experiments were conducted in a thermal environment with a temperature range that was slightly uncomfortable. The indoor thermal environment evaluation index ETF was used to measure the effects that brain stimulation of foliage plants have on comprehensive thermal senses. We focus on visual stimulation with foliage plants, and quantitatively measure shifts in thermal senses that affect the body. Thermal environment conditions were established with air temperature in three stages (25℃, 28℃ and 31℃) and the atmosphere was kept homogeneous with wall surface temperature equal to air temperature. The visual stimulations consisted of seven types of office desk image: benjamin, pothos, oxycardium, baby tears, moss ball, cacti, and no plant. At around 27℃ to 29℃ ETF, improvements in thermal sensation, as measured by thermal sensation statements, were shown to have resulted from visual stimulation benefits. Also, at around 26℃ to 29℃ ETF, improvements in comfort were shown, due to visual stimulation benefits as well, in subjects’ comfortable-sensation statements. This benefit was significant when a foliage plant’s green coverage ratio came between 0.75% and 4.67%, the range which does not create an overwhelming feeling from the foliage plant.

Essential oil yield and composition of four annual plants(ajowan,dill,moldavian balm and black cumin)under saline irrigation

Background:Ajowan,dill,moldavian balm and black cumin are annual medicinal plants,essential oil bearing that are cultivated in different parts of the world.Methods:A field experiment was conducted to assess the essential oil of ajowan,dill,moldavian balm and black cumin under salinity of 0.3,3,6 and 9 dS/m NaCl.Essential oils were obtained by using a Clevenger apparatus and their constituents were identified by GC and GC/MS.Results:Results showed that essential oil yield varied in tested plants under salt stress,but its changes did not follow a specific trend.Thymol was the most abundant constituent of ajowan seed essential oil,while thymol,γ-terpinene and p-cymene were the major constituents of the foliage essential oil of it.The most important component of dill seed essential oil was carvone and three main components of foliage essential oil were carvone,limonene andα-phellandrene.The essential oil component in moldavian balm mostly contained neral,geranial,geraniol,neryl acetate and geranyl acetate.The essential oil of black cumin was mainly composed of p-cymene under saline irrigation.Conclusion:The essential oil yield and compositions were affected by salt stress.The essential oil yield decreased because of decreasing dry biomass production.

叶施外源钙对人参果植株生长及果实品质的影响

【目的】研究叶施外源钙对人参果植株生长及果实品质形成的影响,探明人参果生长所需最佳外源钙浓度。【方法】以‘绿源1号’人参果为试材,在伸蔓期、开花坐果期、第一穗果膨大期及果实成熟期分别使用5,10,15和20 mmol/L的CaCl_(2)水溶液进行叶面喷施,并以喷施清水为对照(CK),测定人参果植株生长指标及产量、叶片光合色素含量、果实品质指标和矿质元素含量,研究喷施不同浓度CaCl_(2)对人参果植株生长及果实品质的影响。【结果】与CK相比,在一定浓度范围(5~15 mmol/L)内随CaCl_(2)叶施浓度增加,其对人参果株高、基径、叶厚、叶片数量的促进作用逐渐增强,但超出适宜范围(>15 mmol/L)后,CaCl_(2)对植株生长的促进作用减弱。叶施15 mmol/L CaCl_(2)对人参果果实的增产效应最显著,单果质量、单株果数、单株产量较CK分别增加23.02%,157.14%和235.26%。人参果叶片光合色素含量随着CaCl_(2)施用浓度的增加而逐步提高,在20 mmol/L时光合色素提升效果最佳。在15 mmol/L CaCl_(2)处理下,果肉厚度(2.17 cm)和果实硬度(3.80 kg/cm 2)达到最佳,果实贮藏性能得到有效改善,且此浓度下果实品质显著提升,可溶性糖、Vc、可溶性蛋白和可溶性固形物含量较CK分别增加22.96%,24.64%,38.71%和86.28%;可滴定酸、脂肪含量随CaCl_(2)施用浓度的增加而降低,在20 mmol/L时降幅最大。果实中硒、钙、钠、镁含量随CaCl_(2)施用浓度的增加均相应提升,但当浓度超过15 mmol/L时促进作用减弱。【结论】合理施用CaCl_(2)对人参果植株生长及果实发育有积极作用,可以提高叶片光合色素含量、促进植株生长、提高产量,且果实硬度增加使其贮藏性能得到有效提升,果实品质及矿质元素含量均有改善。综合考虑各方面因素,生产中喷施15 mmol/L CaCl_(2)对人参果的生长发育最为有利。

甲醛对室内耐阴观叶植物丙二醛的影响

甲醛会严重威胁人类生命安全并造成环境污染,植物对室内化学污染抗性的强弱是持续吸收和净化污染物的前提和基础,丙二醛是反映细胞膜质过氧化水平和受损程度、衡量植物耐胁迫能力的重要指标。文章采用密闭熏气法,研究了3种不同质量浓度甲醛胁迫对7种室内耐阴观叶植物体内丙二醛的质量摩尔浓度变化的影响,分析了供试植物对甲醛污染的抗性能力。结果表明:在3.0、6.0、9.0 mg/m^(3)质量浓度的甲醛胁迫下,供试植物丙二醛的质量摩尔浓度均随甲醛质量浓度的升高呈上升趋势,其中不夜城芦荟体现抗性最强,丙二醛的质量摩尔浓度变化率最小,其值分别为20.97%、35.28%、80.31%;7种供试植物抗性由大到小排序为不夜城芦荟>竹柏>金钻蔓绿绒>黑叶观音莲>粉网纹草>红网纹草>白网纹草。

秋季观赏植物单株美景度评价

根据秋季观赏植物的主要观赏特征,采用美景度评判法分别对66张秋季观叶植物照片,74张秋季观果植物照片,46张秋季观花植物照片进行美景度评价,并利用多元数量化模型I进行综合评价分析,建立了各类观赏植物的美景度预测模型。结果表明,影响秋季彩叶植物美景度的主要景观要素是彩叶色泽、树干清晰度、前景、彩叶聚集度、树叶疏密度和树形6个要素;影响秋季观果植物美景度的主要景观要素是果实醒目程度、颜色数量、大小、分布情况、枝叶数量、果实成熟度、丰富度和主色彩8个要素;影响秋季观花植物美景度的主要因子是花朵或花序大小、花序类型、主要花色和主要观赏部位4个要素。

基于叶片图像多特征融合的观叶植物种类识别

叶片图像特征提取对于植物自动分类识别有着重要的研究意义。本文以观叶植物叶片为研究对象,综合提取叶片图像的颜色、形状和纹理特征,基于支持向量机(SVM)原理提出了基于图像分析的观叶植物自动识别分类方法。通过对50种观叶植物样本图像进行训练和识别,与BP神经网络和KNN识别方法进行比较,本文所采用的SVM分类器的识别率能够达到91.41%,取得了较好的识别效果。

扬州古运河沿岸生态林主要绿化树种抑菌功能的初步研究

The paper reported antimicrobial function of different trees species in woodland along the Grand Canal, Yangzhou, China, at 16:30-17:00, Sep 5, 2004. The tested result showed that in different communities of Platycladus orientalis,Osmanthus fragrans, Cedrus deodara, Albizzia julibrissin, Cinnamomum camphora had antibacterial action. The content of pollutant bacteria in the forest atmosphere (1.5～1.8 m above the land) decreased obviously,which amounted to 23.59%～99.78% compared with the control in open area and 10.08%～99.71% compared with the near communities away from {15 m} distance. There was nat antifungal (against mold) effect in general; only two tree communities for Osmanthus fragrans (decreased 40.66% compared with the near 15 m distance) and P.orientalis (decreased 24.73% than in open area) had less antifungal effect. At the same time, the antimicrobial activities were tested by the extractive volatile of foliage for more tree species in lab. The results showed that antibacterial activities to against Staphalococus aureus and Escherichia coli were the highest in P.orientalis , Manglietia yuyuanensis and C.camphora , and higher in Koelreuteria bipinnata, Viburnum macrocephalum, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Eriobotrya japonica, Ginkgo biloba, C.deodara, Magnolia grandiflora, Sabina chinensis. Most of the tree species tested had less antifungal activities against Fusarium graminerum and Glomerella cingulata. While Ginkgo biloba, Cinnamomum camphora, S.chinensis, Elaeocarpus sylvestris and C.deodara had higher antifungal activities against G.cingulata than others. The P.orientalis, C.camphora, S.chinensis Magnolia grandiflor, G.biloba, Acer mono, Acer palmatum had higher antifungal activities against F.graminerum than others.The research results recognized that the suitable cultivated tree species in cities were P.orientalis, C.deodara, C.camphora and M.glyptostroboides.

3种观叶植物水生性根系形成及NAA处理效应

研究发财树、螺纹铁和龙舌兰3种观叶植物水培中水生性根系发生与生长特性、NAA的诱导效应。结果表明,3种植物分别在水培后的第9.7、14.4和3.5 d开始出根,40 d左右发根数达到最高峰,其中发财树在水培后的前20 d就产生大部分根系。龙舌兰的根在20 d左右就达最长,其它2种植物根的生长随时间延长而增长。发财树、龙舌兰培养到20 d,螺纹铁培养到40 d,水生性根的基部粗度达到最大,但之后3种植物水生性根系基部径粗均会出现不同程度的缩小。不同浓度NAA(100、200和300 mg/L)处理可提高3种植物根系产生的数量,以200 mg/L NAA处理产生的根数最多;NAA处理会延迟发财树、龙舌兰的出根时间;降低根生长速率,处理后的根长较对照短,根系更加粗壮。

基于HJ-1CCD遥感影像的西双版纳橡胶种植区提取

利用橡胶林第一蓬叶变色-稳定期环境遥感影像作为遥感信息源,根据橡胶林这一时期特有的影像特征,通过监督分类方法实现对西双版纳橡胶种植分布区信息的提取,解决了监督分类时树龄、品种和耕作制度造成的光谱差异问题;监督分类前利用NDVI阈值对非提取目标进行剔除,有效减少了分类数和工作量。分析表明,本次提取精度达到97.6%,较好地反映了西双版纳橡胶种植分布情况,同时对国产卫星的推广应用具有良好的示范作用。

3种室内观叶植物对甲醛的净化作用研究

以3种常见的室内观叶植物:吊兰、龙舌兰和广东万年青为对象,通过对植物进行熏蒸实验,研究了3种室内观叶植物净化甲醛污染的能力大小及其生理机理。结果表明3种植物对甲醛均具有一定的净化效果,其净化能力大小表现为吊兰>龙舌兰>广东万年青。甲醛污染造成3种植物叶片叶绿素含量下降,其中吊兰下降最多,达40.71%。其次为广东万年青和龙舌兰;叶片SOD活性升高,MDA含量上升,不同花卉类型表现不同的变化趋势。综合比较,认为3种植物中吊兰是清除甲醛污染较理想的选择。

不同营养液对室内观叶植物水培效果的比较研究

为了提高室内水培观叶植物的水培成活率和观赏价值,本文以5种室内观叶植物为材料进行不同营养液对其水培效果的比较研究,结果显示:在相同的实验条件下,不同科、属植物长根速度有很大的区别,本实验发根速度快慢排名为:天南星科>百合科>五加科>棕榈科。各种植物对营养液中各种元素的需求有很大的差异,从各种植物在不同营养液中的地上部生长情况和地下部发根情况来看,A配方营养液对春芋、袖珍椰子较适宜;B营养液对常春藤、龙血树较适宜;C营养液对龟背竹较适宜。

低温条件下陆生观叶植物红叶甜菜去除不同富营养化水体氮磷的效应

以陆生观叶植物红叶甜菜为材料研究其对不同富营养化水体氮磷的去除。在冬季低温条件下,采用浮床无土种植方法,以鱼塘、华家池和污水处理厂二级出水3种水体代表不同类型的富营养化水体,在其中种植红叶甜菜去除水体中N、P,以实现在有景观效果的同时净化水体。结果表明,红叶甜菜对这3种污水中不同形式的氮磷都有较好的去除效果。在试验结束时,对鱼塘水体TN、NH+4-N、NO-3-N、PO34--P和TP去除率分别达到了85.72%、85.41%、93.70%、92.64%和84.24%;对华家池水体相应氮磷化合物去除率达到了87.42%、80.62%、87.73%、80.42%和81.74%;对二级出水相应的氮磷去除率分别也达到了49.93%、60.54%、48.45%、59.54%和58.44%。红叶甜菜对各供试富营养化水体表现了良好的适应性。

金钱树及其研究进展

金钱树依分类学研究属天南星科,为优良室内观叶植物,具块茎和大复叶。其耐干旱和低光照。利用叶片、叶柄扦插是其主要繁殖方式,组织培养技术也已建立。由于其良好的生产和市场潜力,对金钱树的研究增多,包括分类学和资源、生物学特性、繁殖和栽培技术等方面。对近几年的研究进展进行了综合评述,讨论了深入研究的问题和发展前景。

深圳市公园绿地地被植物应用现状调查与分析

以深圳市有代表性的21个城市公园地被植物为研究对象,通过实地调研地被植物的种类、应用形式及生长状况等,统计分析每种地被植物的应用频度,重点针对林下、林缘地被以及近年来出现的新优地被植物的应用形式及效果进行了研究。共记录应用地被植物108种,爵床科、龙舌兰科、百合科、茜草科、天南星科等亚热带分布科占应用地被植物种类的60%以上;观花、彩叶地被在林缘和草坪绿地内花境中应用广泛;通过调查分析提出,应加强乡土观花地被植物和蕨类植物的开发利用,提高林下耐阴和观花地被植物的应用比例,提升精细化养护管理水平。本研究为华南地区园林地被植物的选择和应用提供了指导。

观叶植物根际3种短体线虫的记述

2006～2009年,在对深圳市的观赏植物线虫进行调查监测中,采集长势不良的观叶植物的根和根际土壤样品,用改良贝曼漏斗法分离植物寄生性线虫。其中,分别从绿宝石(Philodendron erubescens cv.Green Emerald)、袖珍椰子(Chamaedorea elegans)和夏威夷椰子(Pritchardia gaudichaudii)的根际分离到3种短体线虫,经形态鉴定确认分别为:咖啡短体线虫(Pratylenchus coffeae Filipjev&Schuurmans Stekhonven,1941)、卢斯短体线虫(P.loosi Loof,1960)和落选短体线虫[P.neglectus(Rensch,1924)Filipjev&Schuurmans Stekhoven,1941]。并对这3个种线虫的形态特征进行了描述。

贵州野生耐荫观叶植物资源调查及园林应用评价

通过对贵州省野生耐荫观叶植物的资源调查,对20种野生耐荫观叶植物的形态特征及分布进行了描述,并论述了野生观叶植物资源的现状及特点,对其园林应用进行分析评价,在此基础上就如何保护研究和开发利用贵州的野生观叶植物资源提出了讨论和建议。

不同营养液对3种观叶植物的水培效应

[目的]筛选出效果最佳、价格低廉的营养液配方。[方法]在传统组培配方的基础上,精减配制3种水培营养液。选择袖珍椰子、吊兰、吉祥草3种观叶植物,采用水培技术,观察比较3种水培营养液对3种观叶植物的生长影响。[结果]3种观叶植物在不同的营养液中生长情况不一样,每种观叶植物均有一种最适宜其生长的营养液。营养液C中的吉祥草、吊兰均生长良好;营养液A中的袖珍椰子生长良好,吊兰在营养液A中生长较差,吉祥草在营养液B中生长较差。[结论]在营养液浓度的适当范围内,含有矿质营养元素Fe螯合态的营养液较利于植物的吸收,有利于观叶植物的生长。