Identified the hydrochemical and the sulfur cycle process in subsidence area of Pingyu mining area using multi-isotopes combined with hydrochemistry methods

Groundwater serves as an important water source for residents in and around mining areas.To achieve scientific planning and efficient utilization of water resources in mining areas,it is essential to figure out the chemical formation process and the ground water sulfur cycle that transpire after the coal mining activities.Based on studies of hydrochemistry and D,^(18)O-H_(2)O,^(34)S-SO_(4)isotopes,this study applied principal component analysis,ion ratio and other methods in its attempts to reveal the hydrogeochemical action and sulfur cycle in the subsidence area of Pingyu mining area.The study discovered that,in the studied area,precipitation provides the major supply of groundwater and the main water chemistry effects are dominated by oxidation dissolution of sulfide minerals as well as the dissolution of carbonate and silicate rocks.The sulfate in groundwater primarily originates from oxidation and dissolution of sulfide minerals in coal-bearing strata and human activities.The mixed sulfate formed by the oxidation of sulfide minerals and by human activities continuously recharges the groundwater,promoting the dissolution of carbonate rock and silicate rock in the process.

Application of Different Image Processing Techniques on Aster and ETM+ Images for Exploration of Hydrothermal Alteration Associated with Copper Mineralizations Mapping Kehdolan Area (Eastern Azarbaijan Province-Iran)

The Kehdolan area is located at 20 kilometers to the?south-east of Dozdozan Town (Eastern Azarbaijan Province). According to structural geology, volconic rocks are situated in Alborz-Azarbyjan zone, and faults?are?observed?in?the?same direction to this system with SE-NW trend. The results show that kaolinite alteration trend with Argilic and propylitic veins?is the?same direction with SW-NE faults in this area. Therefore, these faults with these trends can be considered as the mineralization control for determination of the alterations. Different image processing techniques,?such as false color composite?(FCC), band ratios, color ratio composite?(CRC), principal component?analysis?(PCA), Crosta technique, supervised spectral angle mapping?(SAM), are used for?identification of the alteration zones associated with copper mineralization. In this project ASTER?data are process and spectral analysis to fit for recognizing intensity and kind of argillic, propylitic,?philic, and ETM+ data?which?are process and to fit for iron oxide and relation to metal mineralization of the area. For recognizing different alterations of the study area, some chemical and mineralogical analysis data from the samples showed that ASTER data and ETM+ data were?capable of hydrothermal alteration mapping with copper mineralization.?Copper mineralization in the region is in agreement with argillic alteration. SW-NE trending faults controlled the mineralization process.

Coral Ba/Ca and Mn/Ca Ratios as Proxies of Precipitation and Terrestrial Input at the Eastern Offshore Area of Hainan Island

Geochemical ratios in coral reef skeletons could be used as proxies to reconstruct past climatological and environmental records in data-poor regions. Using a 103-year data set(1902 to 2005), the annual variations in Ba/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios of Porites lutea skeletons at an eastern offshore area of Hainan Island(19?12'28.4''N, 110?37'38.8''E) were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-optic emission spectrometry(ICP-OES). The analysis results showed that Ba/Ca ratios varied from a minimum of 3.120 μmol mol^(-1) in 1903 to a maximum of 10.064 μmol mol^(-1) in 1944, with an average of 5.256 μmol mol^(-1). Mn/Ca ratios varied from 0.206 to 5.708 μmol mol^(-1) with an annual average of 1.234 μmol mol^(-1), with peak values in 2001, 1964 and 1932, that correlated with strong rainfall events caused by typhoons. Variation in Ba/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios were compared with available river discharge and precipitation records, providing insight into past climatological events. Human activities and their indirect effects could impact the strength of the relationship between Ba/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios and observed precipitation and terrestrial input in the future.

Correlation between Surface Area Ratio of Medial to Lateral Tibial Plateau and Knee Alignment in Adults

Objective This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the surface area ratio of medial tibial plateau(MTP)to lateral tibial plateau(LTP)and the mechanical tibiofemoral angle(mTFA).Methods Lower limb computed tomography(CT)images were collected at our hospital.Then,the original CT data were analyzed and reconstructed using medical image processing software.The proximal and distal centres of the femur and tibia were marked.The surface areas of MTP and LTP were identified using image processing software.GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 was used to perform the statistical analysis.Results The surface area ratio of MTP to LTP was significantly correlated with the mTFA in all patients(P<0.0001),male group(P<0.0001),female group(P<0.0001),varus group(P<0.0001),and valgus group(P=0.002).Furthermore,the surface area of MTP and LTP was significantly greater in the male group than in the female group(P<0.0001).There was significant difference in the surface area of the MTP between the varus and valgus groups(P<0.0001).Significant difference was also observed in the surface area ratio of MTP to LTP between the varus and valgus groups(P<0.0001).Conclusion The surface area ratio of MTP to LTP was correlated with the mTFA.Within a certain range,the smaller the mTFA,the greater the surface area ratio of MTP to LTP.For patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty,of whom the surface area of the MTP was basically equal to that of the LTP,it is recommended that the osteotomy should be performed in accordance with mechanical alignment standards,and that a symmetrical tibial plateau prosthesis should be used.For patients whose surface area of MTP is significantly greater than that of the LTP,it is recommended that the osteotomy should be performed in accordance with kinematic alignment standards,and that an anatomical tibial plateau prosthesis should be used.

Phase-Space Areas of the Body Motion in the Solar System Deduced from the Bohr-Sommerfeld Atomic Theory and Approximate Invariance of Their Ratios for the Pairs of Planets and Satellites

Energy-time and momentum-position phase spaces defined by the electron orbits in the hydrogen-like atom exhibit special properties of equivalence. It is demonstrated that equivalence of the same kind can be obtained for the phase-space areas defined by the orbit pairs of planets, or satellites, which compose the solar system. In the choice of the examined areas it is useful to be guided by the Bohr-Sommerfeld atomic theory.

A Study of the Correlation between the Concentration of Particulate Matter and Green Area Ratio Measured through a Portable Monitoring System: With Particular Focus on the Case of Dalseo-Gu, Daegu Metropolitan City

This study analyzed the relationship between the measured concentration of particulate matter (PM) and green area, which is an important spatial factor affecting urban PM concentration and even more carbon neutral in cities. In order to investigate the effects of green area, the green area ratio (GAR) is used and correlated with particulate matter. As a result of analyzing the correlation between GAR and PM concentration using the measured PM data, it was found that there was a positive correlation between the two variables. Hence, the higher the GAR, the lower the PM concentration. It can be said that the introduction of spatial elements with high GAR scores, such as parks and forests in cities, is effective in reducing PM concentration. In this study, a portable PM monitoring system using a vehicle for PM measurement was also established and operated. As a result, it was found that a PM monitoring system using a light-scattering sensor is an effective PM measurement method that can be used at the local government level. It was also found that a follow-up study is needed in the future to identify the PM mitigation functions of urban green areas according to the detailed characteristics of green areas as well as various environmental factors. This study can be used in air quality improvement activities and efforts as reference data by policy decision makers and in the field of environmental planning associated with the removal of airborne particulate matter pollution in urban areas.

A Study on Average Velocity Ratios(V_P/V_S) in the Hohhot-Baotou Area

The geological structure is complex in the Hohhot-Baotou area.Several earthquakes with MS≥6.0 have occurred in the area in history.This article selected the Hohhot-Baotou area as the study region and divided it into 2 sub-regions,each with a spatial scope of 3°×2°,according to the spatial distribution of ML≥1.0 earthquakes occurring between January 2001 and April 2010,and the layout of the seismic network in the study region.Average velocity ratios of respective sub-regions were calculated,and comparative analysis was made on their temporal and spatial variations.Results show that there are slight differences between sub-regions in the variation amplitude of average velocity ratio curves over time,which mostly remains between 2.5% to 2.584%.In the Hohhot area,the average velocity ratio is 1.722,significantly lower than the average velocity ratio of 1.733 in the Baotou area.We preliminarily concluded that this was related to the distribution of fault structures and properties of underground media in the Hohhot area.

加权断层泥比率法(WSGR)定量判别断层封闭性——以苏北盆地高邮凹陷永安地区为例

断层封闭性评价是断块圈闭成藏条件分析的重要内容,在改进断层泥比率法基础上,提出了一种新的断层封闭性评价方法——加权断层泥比率法(WSGR)。首先,通过不同的地质模型开展断层泥比率法计算参数及影响因素分析,明确了断层断距、泥质含量及泥岩分布特征是泥岩涂抹的重要影响因素;并认为断层断距范围内,滑过目标位置的对置盘所有泥质含量都具有涂抹贡献,但不同点的涂抹贡献不同,距离目标位置越近泥质含量越高的对置盘泥岩点,其涂抹贡献越大。为此引入了一个新的表征参数——距离系数,定义为断层断距与各泥岩点到目标位置距离的差与断层断距的比值,来表征泥岩分布对泥岩涂抹的影响作用;在此基础上,构建了加权断层泥比率计算方法,定义为各点的泥质含量与距离系数的乘积之和再与距离系数之和的比值。利用加权断层泥比率法对苏北盆地高邮凹陷上含油气系统已知的油水层进行封闭性验证,认为当加权断层泥比率值大于0.6时,断层具有较好的封闭性,从而确定了该方法的封闭性判别标准。在高邮凹陷永安等地区始新统戴南组断层封闭性评价中取得了较好应用效果。

我国乡村老龄化现状及其对粮食生产的影响与应对

根据2020年最新人口普查数据,我国乡村老龄化率为17.72%,先于城市步入中度老龄化社会。我国乡村老龄化整体呈现出老年抚养比增速快、低龄老人务农比例高等特征,与国际主要发达国家相比我国乡村老龄人口就业占比相对较高。分区域看,粮食主产区乡村老龄化增幅更多、老年抚养比更重、老龄就业比重更高;全国乡村老年抚养比28.13%,但粮食主产省份达31.28%。通过定性梳理乡村老龄化对农户参与粮食种植及其粮食生产行为效率等的影响,提出积极应对乡村老龄化、保障粮食安全的思路与对策建议。

超声弹性成像硬度评分法及面积比法鉴别诊断乳腺病变性质的临床研究

目的 探索超声弹性成像硬度评分法及面积比法鉴别诊断乳腺病变性质的临床价值。方法 选择2023年4月至9月来我院就诊的120例乳腺病变患者为试验对象,均进行超声弹性成像面积比法、硬度评分法评估,对比、分析2项评估法在分辨乳腺病变良、恶性中准确性,且用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析单用和联合预测价值。结果 面积比法对恶性病变准确率为86.1%,对良性病变准确率89.3%;硬度评分法对恶性病变准确率为83.3%,对良性病变准确率86.9%。用ROC曲线分析,面积比、硬度评分法、联合早期预测乳腺病变良恶性的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.877、0.851、0.974。结论 在诊断乳腺病变时,将超声弹性成像硬度评分法及面积比法联合运用,更利于分辨肿块良恶性。

高容积率小学建筑交通空间寻路认知研究

高容积率校园作为目前城市发展中重要的小学校园形式,用以缓解当下义务教育阶段学位的供需矛盾,从而进一步推动教育公平的实现。超高的建筑容积率作为这种校园类型的主要特征,会对学龄儿童的行为举止、心理情绪等造成巨大影响。选取红岭实验小学和坪山实验学校作为校园案例,并建构适合于学龄儿童的三维虚拟模型,通过寻路实验的方式获取儿童的寻路行为和空间认知的特征,总结提炼出影响儿童认知的交通空间要素,以期为同类高容积率小学交通空间的优化提供理论支持与参考。

健康体检人群内脏脂肪面积与尿酸/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值的相关性研究

目的探讨健康体检人群内脏脂肪面积(VFA)与尿酸(UA)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)比值(UHR)的相关性。方法随机选取2020年6月至2022年6月于枣庄市立医院进行健康体检的人群360名。根据VFA值,将人群分为内脏脂肪型肥胖组(VFA≥100 cm^(2))172名和对照组(VFA<100 cm^(2))188名,比较两组一般资料及生化指标。采用Spearman相关分析评估VFA与UHR的相关性,多元线性回归分析UHR的影响因素;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估UHR对内脏脂肪型肥胖的预测价值。结果与对照组相比,内脏脂肪型肥胖组体重指数(BMI)、VFA、皮下脂肪面积(SFA)、VFA/SFA(V/S)、甘油三酯(TG)、甘油三酯葡萄糖指数(TyG)、UA、UHR水平升高,HDL-C水平降低,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,UHR与BMI、VFA、SFA、V/S、TG、TyG呈正相关(P<0.01)。以UHR为因变量,BMI、VFA、SFA、V/S、TG、TyG为自变量进行多元线性回归分析,结果显示TG、VFA是UHR的影响因素。ROC曲线显示UHR预测内脏脂肪型肥胖的曲线下面积为0.741(P<0.001),最佳截断值为0.35。结论健康体检人群UHR与VFA有关,对内脏脂肪型肥胖有较好的预测价值。

沿江典型区域杨树大径材人工林复合经营技术研究

本文对杨树大径材培育周期内的5个典型复合经营模式生长和经济效益进行分析,选择出适宜长江沿江典型区域种植的杨树大径材复合经营模式。结果表明:参试林农复合经营模式下杨树的胸径、树高、单位面积蓄积量分别比纯林增加15.31%(YM)~20.92%(YYD)、9.52%(YM)~11.31%(YY)、45.66%(YM)~61.38%(YYD)。采用间作模式的6年生杨树复合经营总收益均大于杨树纯林,杨树间作模式的总产值为杨树纯林的2.78(YM)~4.47倍(YYD)。采用多作物间作模式总收益及总产值明显高于单作物间作模式。其中套种6年杨树-油菜-黄豆(YYD)模式累计总收益(11 905元/667m^(2))最高,杨树-小麦-黄豆(YMD)累计总收益(11 599元/667m^(2))次之。5个模式下6年生杨树木材收益由高到低依次为:YYD(7 244元/667m^(2))>YMD(7 197元/667m^(2))>YY(7 106.5元/667m^(2))>YM(6 539.6元/667m^(2))>YC(4 408.48元/667 m^(2))。杨树-油菜-黄豆(YYD)是促进大径材杨树生长、材积和经济效益最高的优选模式。此研究旨在为长江沿江典型区域杨树的大径材培育和复合经营策略提供参考。

辽宁省农村三产融合综合评价研究

农村一二三产融合是实现乡村振兴和农业农村现代化的重要手段,有利于农村经济的高质量发展.辽宁省农村一二三产融合在空间上分布不均衡,运用熵权法和秩和比综合评价法研究农村三产融合综合水平,对于辽宁省三产融合高质量发展具有理论与现实意义.首先分析了辽宁省2012—2021年农村三产融合水平的时序变化,然后以2021年为例对辽宁省14地市农村三产融合水平的空间差异进行研究.结果表明:从时间特征来看,辽宁省2012—2021年农村一二三产融合综合水平总体呈上升趋势,受2016年中国经济呈现的放缓态势的影响,2016年融合水平出现明显下降;从空间特征来看,2021年辽宁省农村一二三产融合综合水平各地存在空间差异,其中大连排名第一,沈阳次之,抚顺、营口、辽阳排名靠后,前后存在较大差距.采用障碍度模型计算障碍因子,各地应立足自身优势,弥补不足,关注生产效率和产业链延伸的同时更要注重社会效益和绿色可持续发展,推进辽宁农村三产业融合整体发展.

三峡库区汉丰湖水华期水体富营养化研究

汉丰湖是三峡库区的“库中库”,同时也是我国西部地区最大的城市人工湖,近年来时有水华暴发。通过在汉丰湖流域蓝藻水华暴发期选择10个采样点进行水环境质量监测,结合对该地区的实地调研情况,分析了该区域水污染的主要成因。结果表明,研究区的总磷、氨氮、总氮、化学需氧量、五日生化需氧量、高锰酸盐指数等各污染物指标均较高,且时空分布差异较大,南河汇入区水质明显劣于其他区域。根据富营养化评价结果,研究区的富营养化指数自西向东逐渐下降,氮、磷是导致水体出现富营养化的重要因素。

利用接收函数研究四川威远地区地壳结构特征

利用在威远地区布设的40台宽频带流动地震仪记录的远震波形数据,提取了径向P波接收函数.接收函数中可以看到清晰的Moho面转换波,并且在此震相之前存在一组正负相间的震相.通过合成测试,判断负震相C2为沉积层基底的PpSs+PsPs震相.通过拾取C2震相的到时,与建模合成的接收函数进行对比,得到了研究区沉积层厚度的分布.正震相C1可能是沉积层基底PpPs震相或康拉德界面转换波.在这两种情况下,C1震相的到时随射线参数的变化趋势相反,前者表现为负斜率,后者表现为正斜率.利用这一特征,对各台站C1震相的成因进行了分析,威远背斜之外主要为正斜率,推断存在Conrad界面.然后通过H-κ叠加估计了研究区地壳厚度和平均波速比,并使用共转换点(CCP)叠加方法获得了研究区Moho面和壳内界面的起伏形态.结果显示,研究区沉积层厚度在3.0~7.0 km之间,威远背斜较薄,自贡台凹较厚;研究区地壳厚度40.9~49.2 km,平均约44.1 km,整体上表现出背斜区域厚,向斜等区域薄的特征.在背斜之外的区域,Conrad界面埋深大约为19 km.本文推断威远背斜上、下地壳在挤压环境下均发生增厚,上地壳顶部沉积盖层在隆升过程中遭受剥蚀,而下地壳得到了相对完整的保存.研究区波速比横向变化较大,在1.71~1.92之间,平均约1.79,与全球大陆平均值相同.研究区存在两个高波速比区(>1.85),威远背斜东段与李家场褶皱交汇处可能存在小规模的地幔物质上涌;而自贡台凹在受到地壳顶部较厚沉积盖层影响的同时,中下地壳可能受到了川滇块体壳内热物质的影响,使地壳平均波速比明显增高.威远背斜核部和自流井背斜东南区域地壳平均波速比相对较低,其地壳成分可能主要为长英质或中性岩石.

基于图像形态学的焊缝区域提取与对比度提升技术

铝板焊接后可使用X射线进行焊缝内部缺陷检测,由于X射线成像存在噪声多、对比度低、焊缝区域边缘模糊、焊缝区域与背景区域灰度分布较为相似等问题,使用传统边缘检测方法效果欠佳。提出了一种自动提取焊缝区域并提高其对比度的方法,通过去噪处理、边缘检测、形态学操作等步骤,最终确定焊缝区域位置,并对焊缝区域内像素值进行线性变换,提高了焊缝区域的对比度。实验结果表明,该方法针对大批量的铝板X射线图片,都能够自动提高焊缝区域的对比度,具有良好的鲁棒性和准确性。

基于生态系统服务供需平衡的粤港澳大湾区生态安全格局构建

构建生态安全格局是控制城市蔓延、实现区域生态安全和促进社会可持续发展的重要途经。维持生态系统服务供需平衡是生态安全健康发展的保障和关键。现有相关研究在生态源地的识别过程中缺乏对生态系统服务供需平衡,以及生态系统服务的人类活动效应的考量。因此,如何顾及生态系统服务供需平衡和人类活动识别生态源地,是构建区域生态安全格局需要解决的重要问题。以粤港澳大湾区为研究对象,基于生态系统服务供需平衡识别初始生态源地,并根据生态系统服务随土地开发程度的梯度效应进一步确定最终生态源地,而后结合生态廊道、生态战略点的识别,最终确定粤港澳大湾区生态安全格局。结果表明:(1)研究区生态系统服务供需空间匹配程度较弱,表现为四周高供给-低需求,中部高需求-低供给的空间分布特征;(2)研究区生态系统服务综合供给具有随土地开发程度增加而呈显著下降的特征,且存在显著的突变点(阈值)。即在土地开发程度超过28.27%时的生态系统服务综合供给迅速下降;(3)研究区共有100块生态源地,总面积为7344.24km^(2),整体呈“东西部多-中部空”的外围环绕式分布结构;(4)研究区共有175条生态廊道,总长度为1568.48km,廊道整体呈环状分布特征;(5)研究区存在40处生态夹点和19处障碍点,这些点的分布主要受廊道的长度以及耕地和建设用地的分布的影响。上述关键生态要素共同构成了环绕粤港澳大湾区的环形生态屏障。

基于拉曼光谱与色度学的彩色淡水有核珍珠研究

淡水有核珍珠因为其粒径大、圆度好、色彩丰富、光泽强等优点,在珍珠市场上占据了较大份额。目前关于彩色淡水有核珍珠的致色机理尚没有一致的结论,且关于该致色物质如何使淡水有核珍珠呈现多种颜色的研究较少。基于此研究现状,选取多种颜色的淡水有核珍珠进行激光拉曼光谱与色度学研究。拉曼光谱研究发现样品具有三种不同的C—C与C C峰,且表现出对应关系:1123~1125 cm^(-1)处的C—C峰常与1506~1509 cm^(-1)处的C C峰同时出现;1132~1134 cm^(-1)处的C—C峰常与1522~1523或1525 cm^(-1)处的C C峰同时出现;1128~1131 cm^(-1)处的C—C峰常与1506~1509与1520~1523或1525 cm^(-1)的C C双重峰同时出现。依据拉曼光谱中C C键峰的差异将全部样品分为P、T、G、P+T、T+G、P+G共6种类型。结合样品的色度学参数,在同类型样品中,建立亮度L或饱和度S与其拉曼光谱中CO_(3)/C—C峰面积比的相关性,发现P型珠的亮度L与CO_(3)/C—C峰面积比有明显的正相关性,而P、T、G型珠的饱和度S都与CO_(3)/C—C峰面积比有明显的负相关性,证实三种不同的C—C与C C峰是由不同的致色物质所致。并根据拉曼谱峰将彩色淡水有核珍珠中的致色有机物归属为线性多烯类分子。线性多烯分子的拉曼峰位随着有序度的增加而红移,拉曼峰位更靠近红外区的线性多烯分子的碳骨架更长更直,这导致不同类型样品的拉曼光谱中C—C与C C的峰有所区别。此外,依据色度学参数对彩色淡水有核珍珠进行颜色系列的划分。将色调角h∈(0,15)的珍珠归为红色系列;将色调角h∈(15,45)的珍珠归为黄色系列;将色调角h∈(335,360)的珍珠归为紫色系列。

弃土场原位与弃土斜坡水分运动特征对比分析

降雨入渗会改变斜坡原有的平衡状态,为探究弃土场原位与弃土斜坡降雨入渗过程的水分运动特征。以某弃土场为研究对象重复开展染色示踪试验,对比分析原位与弃土斜坡垂直方向上土壤剖面的染色面积比和渗流前后水分运动特征的差异。结果表明(1)原位斜坡水分入渗以基质流为主,少量优先流动由生物通道引发;0~50 cm深度水分垂直均匀入渗程度高,随深度增大,表现出沿容重小一侧非均匀流动;50 cm深度以下,平均染色面积比与深度呈负相关;(2)无植被发育弃土斜坡无优先流动,沿斜坡土体表层水平扩散流动程度高,平均染色面积比在20 cm深度以下保持为0,无染色特征;植被发育弃土斜坡水分沿植物根茎优先入渗,垂直入渗较活跃;(3)染色面积比及湿润带特征能很好的捕捉斜坡水分渗流的非均匀信息;同时,根系会改变土体的孔隙发育程度,形成内部交织的网状结构,降低土壤容重,增加水分入渗,有利于增强表层土壤含水率,降低水分深层渗流,增强斜坡稳定性;加强弃土场植被生态恢复有利于增加斜坡的固土保水能力及稳定性。