Effect of Prone Position in Severe Covid-19 Patients in a Referral Center: A Cohort Retrospective Study

Introduction: Covid-19 is defined as a pandemic disease by WHO, in November 2023, WHO recorded 772.1 million confirmed cases and 6.9 million deaths, including 68,382 confirmed cases and 1426 deaths in Madagascar. The management of severe cases of Covid-19 remains a challenge for the healthcare system in a resource-limited country, due to the consumption of human resources, the shortage of medical resources and the lack of capacity in resource-limited countries. Prone position (PP) improves survival in acute respiratory distress, and numerous studies have shown that during Covid-19, it reduces mortality rates at 28 and 90 days, and increases the number of days without mechanical ventilation. However, data on the beneficial effects of PP remain limited in low-income countries. In this context, our study aims to evaluate the benefits of the prone position for severe Covid-19 patients in a referral center in Madagascar. Method: This is a retrospective cohort study, during the 2nd and 3rd waves of COVID-19, over a period of 11 months in two wards managing COVID-19 cases. We included all patients aged 15 and over with severe forms of COVID-19 who required 6 l/min of oxygen therapy. Results: We enrolled 123 patients, including 40 in the prone position and 83 in the supine position, with a mean age of 60.5 ± 12 years. The prone position (DV) reduced the risk of probable complications of COVID-19 with a strong association in terms of use of respiratory assistance (OR = 0.15;95% CI = 0.05 - 0.47), respiratory deterioration (OR = 0.22;95% CI = 0.09 - 0.58), shock (OR = 0.30;95% CI = 0.11 - 0.79) and hemodynamic instability (OR = 0.33;95% CI = 0.12 - 0.95). Univariate analysis of the effect of prone position on SpO2 showed improvement with significant associations with SpO2 at Day 1- Day 3, D4 - D7, D8 - D14, and persisting even at D15 - D21, D3 and D2 before discharge, and at discharge. In the overall population, the mean length of hospital stay was 22.8 ± 22.1 days, with extremes of 1 and 67 days. Univariate analysis of the effect of the prone position showed a reduction in length of hospital stay with a strong association (p = 0.001) and a mean difference of 14 days. The prone position reduced mortality with a significant association (OR = 0.44;95% CI = 0.20 - 0.98). Conclusion: Awake prone position prevents complications of COVID, improves SPO2 even up to hospital discharge and reduces hospital stay. This practice is simple, less costly and suitable in low income countries.

Quantifying the impact of earthquakes and geological factors on spatial heterogeneity of debris-flow prone areas:A case study in the Hengduan Mountains

Understanding the spatial heterogeneity of debris-flow-prone areas holds significant implications for regional risk management, particularly in seismically active regions with geological faults. Despite the significance of this knowledge, a comprehensive quantification of the influence of regional topographical and geological factors on the spatial heterogeneity of debris-flow-prone areas has been lacking. This study selected the Hengduan Mountains, an earthquake-prone region characterized by diverse surface conditions and complex landforms, as a representative study area. An improved units zoning and objective factors identification methodology was employed in earthquake and fault analysis to assess the impact of seismic activity and geological factors on spatial heterogeneity of debrisflow prone areas. Results showed that the application of GIS technology with hydrodynamic intensity and geographical units analysis can effectively analyze debris-flow prone areas. Meanwhile, earthquake and fault zones obviously increase the density of debrisflow prone catchments and make them unevenly distributed. The number of debris-flow prone areas shows a nonlinear variation with the gradual increase of geomorphic factor value. Specifically, the area with 1000 m-2500 m elevation difference, 25°-30° average slope, and 0.13-0.15 land use index is the most favorable conditions for debris-flow occurrence;The average annual rainfall from 600 to 1150 mm and landslides gradient from 16° to 35° are the main causal factors to trigger debris flow. Our study sheds light on the quantification of spatial heterogeneity in debris flow-prone areas in earthquake-prone regions, which can offer crucial support for post-debris flow risk management strategies.

Rockburst proneness considering energy characteristics and sample shape effects

Accurate prediction of rockburst proneness is one of challenges for assessing the rockburst risk and selecting effective control measures.This study aims to assess rockburst proneness by considering the energy characteristics and qualitative information during rock failure.Several representative rock types in cylindrical and cuboidal sample shapes were tested under uniaxial compression conditions and the failure progress was detected by a high-speed camera.The far-field ejection mass ratio(FEMR)was determined considering the qualitative failure information of the rock samples.The peak-strength energy impact index and the residual elastic energy index were used to quantitatively evaluate the rockburst proneness of both cylindrical and cuboidal samples.Further,the performance of these two indices was analyzed by comparing their estimates with the FEMR.The results show that the accuracy of the residual elastic energy index is significantly higher than that of the peak-strength energy impact index.The residual elastic energy index and the FEMR are in good agreement for both cylindrical and cuboidal rock materials.This is because these two indices can essentially reflect the common energy release mechanism characterized by the mass,ejection velocity,and ejection distance of rock fragments.It suggests that both the FEMR and the residual elastic energy index can be used to accurately measure the rockburst proneness of cylindrical and cuboidal samples based on uniaxial compression test.

Statistical Analysis of Accident Proneness of Drivers

A mathematical model describing the risks of road accidents has been built on the basis of statistical data of drivers’ accident rate. It has been revealed that drivers can be divided by the degree of their accident proneness into four categories with sharply differing probabilities of road accidents. It has been shown that there is a possibility of classification of drivers in accordance with specified categories.

Clinical Nursing for Patients Undergoing Prone-Position Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy

Objective:To explore effective nursing strategies for patients undergoing prone-position laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Methods:A total of 19 patients undergoing prone-position laparoscopic partial nephrectomy were selected,with hospital admission spanning from January 2024 to June 2024.Patients were randomly divided into the study group(n=10)and the control group(n=9).The control group received basic nursing care,while the study group received comprehensive high-quality nursing care.The recovery period,length of hospital stay,complication rates,SCL-90 scores,and nursing quality scores were compared between the two groups.Results:The recovery period and hospital stay were significantly shorter in the study group compared to the control group(P<0.05).The complication rate in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).After the nursing intervention,the SCL-90 scores of the study group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).Nursing quality scores were higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comprehensive high-quality nursing intervention for patients undergoing prone-position laparoscopic partial nephrectomy can shorten the recovery period and hospital stay,reduce the complication rate,improve mental health,and enhance nursing quality,making it suitable for wider application in medical institutions.

Advances in the Use of Prone Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation During Spinal Surgery in the Prone Position

Spinal surgery is usually performed in the prone position, which is a longer and more difficult procedure and is prone to complications such as circulatory dysfunction and stress injuries. Among them, stress injury is the main complication of prone spine surgery, but the reasons for stress injury in prone spine surgery are not clear, and whether prone cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can be used needs to be further verified. Supine cardiopulmonary resuscitation is commonly used in posterior spinal surgery, retroperitoneal surgery, and so on, which can effectively improve the patient’s hypoxemia. Such surgeries require a high level of anesthetic management, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation is necessary if a patient in a prone position experiences cardiac arrest. In the process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, supine cardiopulmonary resuscitation is often used, especially for some obese patients, if they are immediately changed to the supine position, it takes up more time, there may be wound infection, and there is a possibility of missing the optimal rescue and resuscitation time. Based on this, this paper reviews the use of prone-position cardiopulmonary resuscitation for spinal surgery in the prone position.

Effect of Prone Position Ventilation in Patients with Severe Craniocerebral Injury Complicated with Pulmonary Infection

Objective:To investigate the effects of prone ventilation in patients with severe traumatic brain injury combined with pulmonary infection.Methods:A total of 100 patients with severe traumatic brain injury combined with pulmonary infection in the hospital were randomly divided into a prone ventilation group and a conventional ventilation group,with 50 patients in each group.The Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)score,APACHE II score,sputum culture results,oxygenation indicators,and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Data were processed using SPSS 25.0 statistical software,and t-tests and chi-square tests were used to compare continuous and categorical variables,respectively.Results:The experimental group showed better oxygenation indicators,a lower positive rate of sputum cultures,and reduced intracranial pressure compared to the control group(all P<0.05).Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that GCS score,APACHE II score,and prone ventilation were independent risk factors affecting patient prognosis(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Prone ventilation can improve oxygenation,reduce the risk of pulmonary infection,and decrease intracranial pressure in patients with severe traumatic brain injury combined with pulmonary infection,thereby improving patient prognosis.GCS score and APACHE II score can serve as important indicators for prognostic evaluation.

Effects of the prone position on arterial blood gas analysis and respiratory parameters of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients:An observational retrospective study

Objective:To investigate the effect of the first prone position on arterial blood gas analysis and respiratory parameters of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)patients with and without COVID.Methods:This study was conducted retrospectively with 22 COVID-ARDS and 22 non-COVID ARDS patients,who were placed in a prone position for at least 16 hours on the first day at the intensive care unit admission,and arterial blood gas analysis was taken in the pre-prone,prone and post-prone periods.Results:PaO2 were significantly increased in the pre-prone vs.prone comparison in both groups,but the increase in the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was not significant.In comparing the pre-prone vs.post-prone PaO2/FiO2 ratios,there was a significant difference only in the non-COVID ARDS group.Conclusions:The improved oxygenation provided by prone positioning is more permanent with the“post-prone effect”in non-COVID ARDS patients.This can be attributed to the differences in the pathogenesis of the two ARDS types.

不同重力喂养高度及卧位在预防早产儿胃食管反流中的效果分析

目的探讨不同重力喂养高度及卧位预防早产儿胃食管反流的效果。方法选取中国医科大学附属盛京医院新生儿科2022年6—12月出生的早产儿138例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组、观察1组、观察2组,每组46例。对照组采用常规仰卧位重力喂养;观察1组采取右侧卧位,确认无残留奶量后,抬高针筒至距离早产儿嘴唇上方20 cm处;观察2组采取俯卧位,其他步骤同观察1组。比较3组呕吐、溢奶、呼吸暂停、血氧饱和度下降、胃残留、减量喂养次数、停喂次数、体质量增长、排便次数、排便量、胎便排尽用时、潴留量及喂养2周后食管24 h反流监测等指标。结果3组早产儿人均喂养次数均为112次;观察1组和观察2组呕吐、溢奶、呼吸暂停、血氧浓度下降等发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察1组和观察2组胃残留比率低于对照组,体质量增长大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察1组和观察2组减量喂养次数、停喂次数均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察1组和观察2组排便次数、排便量均大于对照组,胎便排尽用时、潴留量均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察1组和观察2组食管pH<4次数、反流超过5 min次数、最长单次反流持续时间及反流指数均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论重力喂养高度及体位改变可降低呕吐、溢奶、呼吸暂停和血氧浓度下降等发生率,预防胃食管反流,有利于早产儿生长发育。

俯卧位通气相关面部压力性损伤危险因素分析及最佳建模方法选择

背景面部压力性损伤是俯卧位通气患者常见并发症,创面局部暴露可增加全身感染风险,影响俯卧位通气治疗效果,甚至造成局部组织永久性功能损害。探讨其危险因素并构建预测模型对于预防俯卧位通气相关面部压力性损伤具有重要临床意义。目的探讨俯卧位通气相关面部压力性损伤的危险因素及其最佳建模方法。方法选择2020年6月—2023年3月入住新疆医科大学第一附属医院重症医学科的159例接受俯卧位通气的患者为研究对象,根据是否发生面部压力性损伤分为压力性损伤组(n=22)和非压力性损伤组(n=137),收集患者的一般信息、疾病诊断、治疗措施、实验室检查。分别使用逐步Logistic回归模型、全变量Logistic回归模型及Lasso-Logistic回归模型筛选面部压力性损伤危险因素并建立预测模型,应用受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)评价模型区分度;应用赤池信息准则(AIC)、贝叶斯信息准则(BIC)及校准曲线评价模型校准度;应用决策曲线评价模型临床应用价值。通过比较三种Logistic回归模型预测效能和临床应用差异选择最佳建模方法。结果逐步Logistic回归模型结果显示,面部压力性损伤的影响因素为年龄(OR=39.041)、糖尿病(OR=7.256)和单次俯卧位通气时间(OR=6.705);全变量Logistic回归模型结果显示,面部压力性损伤的影响因素为年龄(OR=26.882)、糖尿病(OR=1.770)、ICU住院时间(OR=2.610)和单次俯卧位通气时间(OR=5.340);Lasso-Logistic回归结果显示,面部压力性损伤的影响因素为年龄(OR=38.256)、糖尿病(OR=1.094)、单次俯卧位通气时间(OR=5.738)和Richmond躁动镇静评分(OR=1.179)。Lasso-Logistic回归模型预测俯卧位通气相关面部压力性损伤的AUC、灵敏度和特异度分别为0.855、0.959和0.750,优于逐步和全变量Logistic回归模型;AIC和BIC分别为44.634和55.745,低于逐步和全变量Logistic回归模型;校准曲线显示Lasso-Logistic回归模型预测概率与实际概率拟合效果最佳。决策曲线显示Lasso-Logistic回归模型获得临床收益对应风险阈值为0.01~0.98,优于逐步和全变量Logistic回归模型。结论年龄、糖尿病、单次俯卧位通气时长和Richmond躁动镇静评分是俯卧位通气相关面部压力性损伤的危险因素,Lasso-Logistic回归模型预测效能和临床应用价值优于逐步Logistic回归模型和全变量Logistic回归模型,是最佳建模方法。

基于新型智慧城市视角的地质灾害监测——以广州市为例

新型智慧城市建设为广州地质灾害监测提供了新机遇、新思路。笔者结合近年来地灾监测的科学研究和工程实践,从感知、调度、共治的角度浅谈对于广州地灾监测的一些思考。感知方面:广州市地貌结构复杂,北部丘陵台地作为地灾易发区,建议构建重点区域天-空-地三查体系,及时识别潜在风险源。预警调度:广州市地灾的发生与降雨有很强的时间相关性和空间耦合性,建议在广州市雨窝、降雨集中区构建精细化气象预警网格,提高监测预警精准度;针对地灾监测预警存在的重监测、轻预警现象,建议构建基于数据-知识双驱动的预警模型,实现高精度可解释的地灾预测建模;针对疑难边坡,建立专家研判系统,实现精准“把脉”,精准“治疗”。共建共治:加强跨部门跨层级合作,加强新建工程项目地灾评估,消减地灾存量,控制地灾增量。

高位远程地质灾害研究:回顾与展望

在全球范围内,高位远程地质灾害造成了多起群死群伤事件和特大经济损失,是特大型地质灾害防灾减灾科技攻关的难点。文章系统回顾了高位远程地质灾害的研究历程,认为常规的“高速远程滑坡”研究难以适应高山、极高山区复合型地质灾害防灾减灾的要求,提出了从高位失稳、远程成灾和风险防控全链条的高位远程地质灾害研究思路,探讨了高位崩滑启动源区的易灾地质结构特征和早期识别技术、高速碎屑流远程链动机理和边界层效应以及风险评估和防灾减灾问题。通过对青藏高原高山、极高山区的高位远程地质灾害研究,揭示了高位滑坡碎屑流势流体链动传递机理,以及紊流体和犁切体的边界层效应,提出可以通过改造高势能碎屑流体的边界层底坡、增大湍流边界层内湍动能的生成与组合障桩前死区范围的消能降险方法。最后,针对铁路、公路、水电工程、边疆城镇和国防建设的发展,讨论了复合型高位远程滑坡灾害的防灾减灾将面临的新挑战,提出了易灾地质结构孕灾机理、高位远程链灾动力过程和风险防控理论与技术等3方面亟待加强的研究方向。

支气管肺泡灌洗联合俯卧位治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎伴肺不张疗效的前瞻性随机对照研究

目的探讨支气管肺泡灌洗(bronchoalveolar lavage,BAL)联合俯卧位在儿童肺炎支原体肺炎(Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia,MPP)伴肺不张中的疗效及对肺功能的影响。方法前瞻性选取2020年11月—2023年5月在内蒙古鄂尔多斯市中心医院住院治疗的94例MPP伴肺不张的患儿为研究对象,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各47例。治疗组在常规治疗及BAL基础上加以俯卧位治疗,对照组给予常规治疗及BAL。比较两组患儿发热、肺部体征、住院时间、肺复张和肺功能改善情况。结果治疗组肺部体征改善时间、住院时间短于对照组,住院第7天、出院当天及出院后1周肺复张有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组出院当天及出院后1周用力肺活量占预测值百分比、第1秒用力呼气量占预测值百分比、第1秒用力呼气量/用力肺活量、用力呼出50%肺活量的呼气流量占预测值百分比、用力呼出75%肺活量的呼气流量占预测值百分比及最大呼气中期流量占预测值百分比均高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患儿体温降至正常时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论BAL联合俯卧位在儿童MPP伴肺不张治疗中,有利于缩短肺部体征改善时间及住院时间,有利于肺复张和肺功能的改善。

全过程心理干预对老年肺部感染患者俯卧位依从性及焦虑情绪的影响

目的探讨全过程心理干预对老年肺部感染患者俯卧位依从性及焦虑情绪的影响。方法将80例老年肺部感染患者按照随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,各40例。对照组患者采取常规干预,研究组患者在对照组基础上给予全过程心理干预。比较两组患者俯卧位依从性、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分及干预满意度。结果研究组患者日均俯卧位时长高于对照组,平均住院日少于对照组(P<0.01)。干预后,两组患者SAS评分均较干预前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.01)。研究组患者满意率高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论全过程心理干预可显著提高老年肺部感染患者俯卧位依从性,改善焦虑情绪,提高满意度,在临床工作中有一定的参考价值。

改良俯卧位通气对急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者呼吸功能及预后的影响

目的 探究改良俯卧位通气对急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者血流动力学、呼吸动力学及预后的影响。方法 前瞻性选取河南大学第一附属医院2020年3月至2022年6月收治的98例ARDS患者作为研究对象,通过随机数字表法分为A、B组。通过随机及前瞻性平行对照临床研究,评价不同通气方式在ARDS患者中的作用,其中A组52例接受改良式俯卧位通气,B组46例接受传统俯卧位通气。对比两组患者干预前、干预后(俯卧位通气4 h后)血流动力学[心率(HR)、平均动脉压、中心静脉压]、呼吸动力学指标[气道阻力、静态肺顺应性(Cst)]、氧合指数及腹腔压力的变化。比较两组患者不良事件发生情况,对所有患者进行3个月随访,比较两组患者病死率情况。结果 (1)A组机械通气时间低于B组,撤机成功率高于B组(P<0.05);(2)干预后,两组患者HR均较干预前上升,干预前后差值具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)干预后,两组Cst水平均较干预前上升且A组高于B组,干预前后差值具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(4)干预后,两组腹腔压力均较治疗前上升且A组低于B组,干预前后差值具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(5)A组不良事件总发生率[7.69%(4/52)]低于B组[23.91%(11/46)](P<0.05);(6)随访3个月结果显示,A组病死率[23.08%(12/52)]低于B组[43.48%(20/46)](P<0.05)。结论 改良俯卧位通气对ARDS血流动力学、呼吸动力学及相关指标均有显著的改善效果,不良事件的发生率较低且预后状况良好,值得临床参考借鉴。

俯卧位通气对严重脑功能损伤患者低氧血症的影响

目的观察俯卧位通气(PPV)在改善严重脑功能损伤患者低氧血症中的临床疗效。方法采用回顾性研究方法,选择2O20年8月至2O21年8月收住在浙江大学医学院附属第一医院重症医学科的140例严重脑功能损伤患者作为研究对象。按照纳入和排除标准,对氧合指数≤200mmHg(1mmHg~0.133kPa)并行PPV的20例患者进行统计分析。比较患者PPV前、PPV后12h、恢复仰卧位后12h血气分析相关指标[包括动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))吸入氧浓度(FiO_(2))氧合指数、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))pH值]和呼吸机相关参数[包括气道峰压(PIP)、呼气末正压(PEEP)、潮气量(VT)、肺动态顺应性(Cdyn)等],以及平均动脉压(MAP)心率(HR)的差异,同时记录患者PPV期间的相关并发症。结果患者男性15例,女性5例;平均年龄(46.10±17.22)岁,平均PPV时间(22.20±5.94)h。与PPV前比较,患者PPV后12h和恢复仰卧位后12hPaO_(2)、氧合指数、SaO_(2)、VT、Cdyn均明显升高[PaO_(2)(mmHg):98.35±21.85、98.45±17.90比72.15±10.14,氧合指数(mmHg):198.82±40.51、202.27±46.39比133.20±33.95,SaO_(2):0.97±0.02、0.97±0.01比0.94±0.03,VT(mL):558.42±111.23、580.29±119.44比484.82±123.77,Cdyn(mL/cmH_(2)O):26.11±5.42、27.90±5.80比24.15±6.13,均P<0.05];与PPV后12h比较,患者恢复仰卧位后12hCdyn亦明显升高(P<0.05)。患者PPV前后各时间点FiO_(2)、PaCO_(2)、pH值、PIP、PEEP、HR、MAP比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。5例患者在PPV后出现以颜面部为主的皮肤受压处红肿,恢复为仰卧位后逐渐好转。期间未出现导管脱落、恶性心律失常及明显血流动力学不稳等情况。结论PPV对改善严重脑功能损伤患者的低氧血症有一定临床疗效。

Influences of Mixed Traffic Flow and Time Pressure on Mistake-Prone Driving Behaviors among Bus Drivers

Bus safety is a matter of great importance in many developing countries, with driving behaviors among bus drivers identified as a primary factor contributing to accidents. This concern is particularly amplified in mixed traffic flow (MTF) environments with time pressure (TP). However, there is a lack of sufficient research exploring the relationships among these factors. This study consists of two papers that aim to investigate the impact of MTF environments with TP on the driving behaviors of bus drivers. While the first paper focuses on violated driving behaviors, this particular paper delves into mistake-prone driving behaviors (MDB). To collect data on MDB, as well as perceptions of MTF and TP, a questionnaire survey was implemented among bus drivers. Factor analyses were employed to create new measurements for validating MDB in MTF environments. The study utilized partial correlation and linear regression analyses with the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) method to explore the relationships between MDB and MTF/TP. The results revealed a modified scale for MDB. Two MTF factors and two TP factors were found to be significantly associated with MDB. A high presence of motorcycles and dangerous interactions among vehicles were not found to be associated with MDB among bus drivers. However, bus drivers who perceived motorcyclists as aggressive, considered road users’ traffic habits as unsafe, and perceived bus routes’ punctuality and organization as very strict were more likely to exhibit MDB. Moreover, the results from the three MDB predictive models demonstrated a positive impact of bus route organization on MDB among bus drivers. The study also examined various relationships between the socio-demographic characteristics of bus drivers and MDB. These findings are of practical significance in developing interventions aimed at reducing MDB among bus drivers operating in MTF environments with TP.

A Computational Analysis of the Influence of Anastomosis Angle on Stenosis-Prone Locations during Radio-Cephalic Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation

In dialysis treatment, the radio-cephalic arteriovenous fistula (RCAVF) is a commonly used fistula, yet its low maturation rate remains a challenge. To enhance surgical outcomes, the relationship between stenosis-prone locations and RCAVF anastomosis angle is studied during maturation by developing two sets of RCAVF models for early (non-mature) and mature RCAVFs at five anastomosis angles. The impact of hemodynamics and wall shear stress (WSS) is examined to determine optimal anastomotic angles. Results indicate that acute angles produce more physiological WSS distributions and fewer disturbed regions, with early stenosis-prone regions located near the anastomosis that shift to the bending venous segment during remodeling. A pilot study comparing clinical and numerical results is conducted for validation.

Application of Social Media Tool in Disaster Management in Disaster-Prone Communities in Freetown, Sierra Leone

This study used both the “digital divide” and “attribution theory” to analyze the propensity of social media use by disaster-prone communities. The study focused on the variables that may affect how social media is used for disaster management. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized in the study to analyze the data and test the hypotheses after using a survey questionnaire to collect the data. The study’s findings show that: 1) communities that are vulnerable to disasters are less likely to use social media for disaster management, 2) personal effort and intention to use social media for disaster management are positively correlated, and 3) task complexity and intention to use social media for disaster management are negatively correlated. The study added to the body of knowledge regarding the role social media plays in disaster management.

成人急性呼吸道传染病患者俯卧位通气管理的最佳证据总结

目的检索、评价、提取并汇总成人急性呼吸道传染病患者俯卧位通气管理的最佳证据,为俯卧位通气规范化治疗提供循证依据。方法根据“6S”证据模型,系统检索各指南网站及中英文数据库相关文献,由研究人员对纳入文献进行质量评价、证据提取与汇总。结果共纳入11篇文献,包括3篇临床决策、5篇指南、1篇证据总结、2篇专家共识。最终形成包括人员准备、院感防控、护理评估、实施要点、风险管理、健康教育和特殊人群照护等7个方面共48条的最佳证据。结论在证据应用过程中医护人员应基于具体临床情境,制订个体化俯卧位通气治疗方案,以改善患者临床结局。