Research and Development Trend of Shape Control for Cold Rolling Strip

Shape is an important quality index of cold rolling strip. Up to now, many problems in the shape control domain have not been solved satisfactorily, and a review on the research progress in the shape control domain can help to seek new breakthrough directions. In the past 10 years, researches and applications of shape control models, shape control means, shape detection technology, and shape con- trol system have achieved significant progress. In the aspect of shape control models, the researches in the past improve the accuracy, speed and robustness of the models. The intelligentization of shape control models should be strengthened in the future. In the aspect of the shape control means, the researches in the past focus on the roll opti- mization, mill type selection, process optimization, local strip shape control, edge drop control, and so on. In the future, more attention should be paid to the coordination control of both strip shape and other quality indexes, and the refinement of control objective should be strengthened. In the aspects of shape detection technology and shape control system, some new types of shape detection meters and shape control systems are developed and have successfully indus- trial applications. In the future, the standardization of shape detection technology and shape control system should be promoted to solve the problem of compatibility. In general,the four expected development trends of shape control for cold roiling strip in the future are intelligentization, coordi- nation, refinement, and standardization. The proposed research provides new breakthrough directions for improv- ing shape quality.

Industrial shape detecting system of cold rolling strip

A high-precision shape detecting system of cold rolling strip is developed to meet industrial application, which mainly consists of the shape detecting roller, the collecting ring, the digital signal processing （DSP） shape signal processing board and the shape control model. Based on the shape detecting principle, the shape detecting roller is designed with a new integral structure for improving the precision of shape detecting and avoiding scratching strip surface. Based on the DSP technology, the DSP shape signal processing circuit board is designed and embedded in the shape detecting system for the reliability and stability of shape signal processing. The shape detecting system was successfully used in Angang 1 250 mm HC 6-high reversible cold rolling mill. The precision of shape detecting is 0.2 I and the shape deviation is controlled within 6 1 after the close loop shape control is input.

Establishment Method of Shape Standard Curve Based on Stepwise Optimization and Its Compensation Models

There are very few researches on the shape standard curve currently,and they merely remain on the level of description of the general concept and production experiences,lacking of the in-depth theoretical analysis,and the concrete principle,method and steps for determining the shape standard curve are not put forward,therefore,they are not applicable in industrial production.This is the weakest spot in the research on the basic shape theory.In this paper,the basic shape standard curve and the transverse distribution curve of the exit thickness are attained with stepwise optimization,which is based on the theoretical calculation method of the shape standard curve of strip mills proposed by authors.By calculating the shape discrimination model and the shape forecast model separately,the simultaneous iterative calculation by the previous method is avoided,and the speed and stability of calculation are improved.The compensation models of the transverse temperature difference of the strip,the shape detection roller deflection and the shape of the strip coil are established,respectively,meantime,the basic shape standard curves are compensated,and the relatively perfect theoretical establishment method of the shape standard curve is formed.The simulation and calculation are done on a 1 220 mm five-stand cold strip tandem mill.The simulation and calculation result shows that the principle,method and steps for determining the shape standard curve are correct and feasible,and the correctness of theoretical analysis and calculation is verified.This paper proposes an idea and a method for the establishment of the shape standard curve in the rolling processes of cold strip mills,which develop the theory and model of the shape standard curve and improve the quality and efficiency of the shape control in the rolling processes of cold strip mills.

Backup roll contour of a SmartCrown tandem cold rolling mill

SmartCrown was a new system developed by VAI for improving the strip profile and flatness control first applied in 1700 mm tandem cold rolling mills at Wuhan Iron ＆ Steel （Group） Corporation （WISCO）. After tracing and testing, the application of the conventional crown backup roll matching the SmartCrown work roll of the production mill led to heavy and nonuniform wear, and the edge spalling of the backup roll often occurred. A 3-dimension finite element model of roll stacks was established, which was used to analyze the above-mentioned problems, and it was found that the main reason was the highly nonuniform contact pressure distribution between the work roll and the backup roll. A new FSR （flexible shape backup roll） was developed and applied in 1700 mm tandem cold rolling mills. A lot of good actual effects of FSR, such as evident improvement in profile and flatness of strips, non-occurring edge spalling, wear uniform, and remarkable decrease in roll consumption were validated by long-term industrial applications.

Control Strategies of Asymmetric Strip Shape in Six-High Cold Rolling Mill

It is a complicated problem for cold-rolled strip to improve asymmetric strip shape in strip production. A roll system and strip coupled model of six-high cold rolling mill was established with finite element method to estimate the effect of intermediate roll shifting, tilting, symmetric and asymmetric bending technologies on strip profile. To reduce asymmetric defects of strip shape as much as possible, some control strategies were proposed, including tilting and asymmetric bending of intermediate roll and work roll. The combinations of these three control strategies can effectively eliminate asymmetric strip shape defects. Finally, the closed-loop control model of asymmetric flat- ness at the last stand was given, and the flatness control system with the function of asymmetric strip shape control was also designed for cold tandem mill.

Improvement on strip flatness of cold temper mills by modifying roll contour shape

A study on roll gap profile (strip profile) control was accomplished in a1700 mm single-stand temper mill. Some critical problems such as the deviation of work roll contourcaused by grinding and wear, the effectiveness of work roll bending were discussed. Using a finiteelement model, the effects of roll contours (ground and wear) on strip profile were investigated.The roll bending effect on strip thickness was also analyzed. It is pointed out that there are somespecial features of flatness control in the temper mill: during temper rolling, roll deformation isslight due to small rolling load, and the loaded roll gap profile mainly depends on work rollcontour, while the backup roll has a little effect on gap crown; the effect of bending force ongauge can not be ignored due to the coupling between flatness control and gauge control. A new rollcontour arrangement adaptable to the mill was presented and has been put into practical production.The application of the new set of rolls showed some good results: larger crown control range of workroll bender, higher rolling stability, better strip profile and flatness quality.

DECOUPLED MODEL FOR FLATNESS CONTROL IN 4-H CVC COLD ROLLING MILLS

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Transverse thickness difference control technology for non-oriented silicon steel

Transverse thickness difference is an important quality index of non-oriented silicon steel strips. In order to fulfill users＇ accuracy requirements on the transverse thickness of silicon steel and improve the production yield, the factors influencing transverse thickness difference were analyzed. Then the work roll shape, control strategy and incoming hot-rolled strips were optimized. Since the optimization measures were implemented in the actual production, the thickness difference of non-oriented silicon steel has been reduced greatly and fulfilled the requirements placed by users. These measures have achieved remarkable effects.

冷连轧弯辊力精度改进PSO-SVM预测及补偿分析

为了进一步控制冷连轧弯辊力精度,构建改进PSO-SVM预测模型。利用包含压缩因子的粒子群算法完成支持向量机参数的更高效寻优处理,对回归轧制参数实施反归一化获得弯辊力模型。根据现场实际轧制结果完成预测模型的验证过程。研究结果表明:采用改进PSO-SVM模型获得的预测性能指标在上述优化方法中达到了最低,改进PSO-SVM模型具备最优预测效果。设置可靠补偿后大幅降低了AFC系统工作量,促进了带钢板形效率的显著提升。弯辊力补偿值形成了与弯辊力几乎相同的变化规律,具备优异预测性能。

冷轧机仿真分析及板形控制

为进一步提升板带材的质量,尤其是其平直度和几何尺寸的精确性,以六辊式冷轧机为研究对象,在对其基本结构分析的基础上构建了三维模型和有限元仿真模型,结合其轧制基础工艺参数,重点对弯辊技术和板形宽度对板形的影响进行仿真分析。结果显示:工作辊弯辊力为280 kN、中间辊弯辊力为250 kN以及板形宽度为900 mm时,所得轧件的平直度及光滑度效果最佳,为相关研究成果及实践生产提供了理论参考。

面向超高强钢的冷连轧机板形前馈控制设计

为了提高板材冷轧质量,设计了一种面向超高强钢的冷连轧机板形前馈控制方法。按照超高强钢不同道次设置目标板形,实现整体板形的分解计算。将各机架出口板形与目标板形曲线相近条件作为控制目标,综合分析断面外形均匀性与边降性能,设计了板形前馈控制模型,完成机架弯辊、窜辊与倾辊优化的目标。开展实验测试分析,研究结果表明:相比之前提升13%的板形,形成更均匀的厚度,边降缺陷显著降低。该研究有助于提高板材厚度的控制精度,对后续的机架参数优化奠定一定的理论基础。

板形标准曲线的理论计算方法

联立板形预报模型和板形判别模型,提出板带轧机板形标准曲线的理论计算方法。该理论计算方法的思路和原则是最大限度地消除板凸度并同时兼顾板形良好,最终使板形趋于最好,这种计算方法的目标是实现板形和板凸度的综合最优控制。以1220 mm五机架带钢冷连轧机和900 mm单机架带钢冷轧机5道次轧制为例,分别对轧制中凸板和中凹板的情况进行计算,计算结果证实了理论分析计算的正确性。这种板形标准曲线的理论计算方法为进一步从理论上定量研究板形标准曲线模型奠定了良好的理论基础。

1800mm虚拟轧机板形控制性能

定义了评价轧机板形控制性能的六项指标,包括承载辊缝凸度调节域、辊缝横向刚度、板形调控功效曲线、边缘降、辊间接触压力平均幅值和辊间接触压力分布不均匀度.建立了HC,CVC,PC和DSR系列轧机的有限元仿真模型,并从板形控制性能的六项指标方面分析了当前国际上流行的各种机型的特点.

UCM六辊冷轧机中间辊辊形研究

针对1500UCM宽带钢冷轧机轧制薄规格带钢易出现板形缺陷和轧辊剥落等问题,采用有限元软件ANSYS建立六辊轧机辊系弹性变形三维有限元模型,并利用UCM轧机窜辊特性和轧机板形控制性能指标设计中间辊新辊形。有限元仿真研究表明:UCM轧机中间辊新辊形与原辊形相比,轧机板形控制能力明显提高,工作辊弯辊调控功效提高35.21%,辊缝横向刚度增强12.25%,常轧宽度1 280 mm薄板的辊缝凸度调节域面积增大75.26%;且UCM轧机辊间压力分布得到改善,中间辊和工作辊的辊间接触压力峰值和辊间接触压力不均匀度系数分别下降3.16%和2.53%,支持辊和中间辊辊间接触压力峰值和辊间接触压力不均匀度系数分别下降13.29%和17.45%。研究结果为开展UCM轧机中间辊新辊形工业实验提供了理论依据。

SmartCrown冷连轧机板形控制新技术改进研究与应用

SmartCrown板形控制新技术在宽带钢冷连轧机首次工业应用中存在SmartCrown工作辊窜辊行程利用不充分、工作辊磨损严重且不均匀等问题。采用ANSYS有限元建立辊系三维有限元模型,分析了辊间压力对磨损辊形的影响。在解析掌握1 700冷连轧机引进的SmartCrown辊形基础上,研究开发出了改进的SmartCrown plus新辊形,经过现场工业试验研究,SmartCrown plus工作辊取得磨削量小,且磨损更均匀化,其辊形自保持性良好的明显效果,现已成功投入1 700大型工业轧机实际应用。

冷轧带钢在线板形信号补偿技术及工业应用

综合考虑冷带钢轧机现场实际工况条件,根据板形仪在线板形检测原理、受力条件和几何关系,研究带钢横向温差、带钢卷形、边部覆盖,检测辊包角、挠度、安装几何误差和磨损量等因素对在线板形检测精度的影响,与生产实际相结合,建立一套满足工业应用的在线板形信号综合补偿模型。依托该模型开发的在线板形信号综合补偿技术,成功应用于鞍钢1 250 mm六辊冷带钢轧机上,使板形仪在线检测板形信号准确反映冷轧带钢真实板形状况,兼顾后续深加工工艺要求,根据不同轧制条件和产品规格制定动态板形标准曲线,为板形闭环控制提供可靠板形数据,显著提高冷轧带钢产品的板形指标和质量稳定性。总张力计算值与实测值误差在3%以内,板形闭环控制投入后,稳态时板形指标在6 I以内。

冷连轧机带钢单锥度辊边降控制

针对冷连轧机带钢边降板形控制问题,研究了单锥度工作辊的辊形构成、特点和控制策略,建立有限元模型对比分析了单锥度、常规凸度和SmartCrown工作辊板形控制性能,并结合大型工业轧机调试实验分析了该板形控制新技术在实际生产中的使用情况.结果表明,应用单锥度辊可以有效降低带钢边降,减小带钢总凸度.

冷轧无取向硅钢横向厚差控制

冷轧中中低牌号的无取向硅钢多采用万能凸度轧机(Universal crown mill,UCM)生产,其板形好坏受制于UCM轧机板形调节手段的协调使用。为掌握UCM轧机的板形控制特点,建立基于二维变厚度有限元的辊系弹性变形和基于三维差分的轧件塑性变形的六辊轧机耦合模型,对UCM轧机的板形调控性能进行详尽的分析,包括工作辊和中间辊弯辊、中间辊窜辊的调控功效、辊间接触压力分布等。在此基础上,提出可用指导生产的板形控制策略,指出UCM轧机在横向厚差控制方面的不足。针对工业生产中UCM轧机轧制无取向硅钢横向厚差大的问题,在大量仿真计算的基础上,开发具有高次曲线函数的边部变凸度(Edge variable crown,EVC)的工作辊。采用该工作辊后,各种品种的无取向硅钢的横向厚差不大于10μm的百分比由24%提高到99%,横向厚差的均值小于6μm,远小于之前的13μm。

冷轧平整机板形问题的特点及对策

对某冷轧厂 170 0 m m单机架平整机的板形问题进行了综合研究 ,发现该轧机在辊形加工、轧辊磨损及弯辊使用等方面存在的问题 ,并通过有限元模型研究了辊形对板形的作用 ,分析了平整上弯辊对板厚的影响 ,指出平整机板形问题的特殊性。针对平整板形的设备工艺特点 ,提出了新的辊形配置方案并正式投入生产。结果表明 ,改进后的辊形配置对降低弯辊调整量、改善板形、提高生产过程稳定性效果显著。

现代化冷连轧机的最佳机型配置

轧机机型的选择是建设冷连轧机时需首要考虑的问题之一。首次系统地阐述了机型的含义及其选型理论和原则 ,定义了评价轧机板形控制性能的 7项指标。利用建立的有限元仿真模型 ,详尽分析了当前国际上流行的冷轧机型 (如 HCW、HCMW、U CMW、CVC4、CVC6、DSR和 PC)的板形控制性能。在此基础上 ,提出 1 80 0冷连轧机的最佳机型配置方案 。