On the Plaintiff's Subject Qualification for Environmental Public Interest Litigation Instituted by People's Procuratorates

Although it is not the main duty for the People's Procuratorate to institute environmental public interest litigation proceedings, the existence of "reserve" prosecution right of plaintiff not only is beneficial to timely prevention and cure of environmental damage, but also contributes indispensable judicial supervision force to the environmental legality construction. In order to safeguard environmental public interests, many local prosecutorial organizations have practiced environmental public interests litigation. Since Chinese law has not made explicit stipulation on the function of the People's Procuratorate instituting environmental public interest litigation, the plaintiff's subject qualification for environmental public interest litigation instituted by the People's Procuratorate is still in question. In order to propel the People's Procuratorate to completely and fully exercise their power of supervision and prosecution, there shall be corresponding legislation that provides powerful guarantee for the People's Procuratorate instituting environmental public interest litigation.

A Research on the Relationship of Charismatic Leadership Behaviors of Agricultural Cooperative Managers With Cooperative Shareholders＇ Performance and Satisfaction

In this study, the cooperative shareholders＇ performance and satisfaction were investigated as antecedent. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers has been identified as antecedent. In addition, shareholders＇ age, education, land size, and duration of membership in the cooperative were investigated to have effect on the shareholder＇s performance and satisfaction. Charismatic leadership of cooperative managers is the subject of research on the effects of performance and satisfaction of the cooperative shareholders. A field survey was conducted. This study has been applied to Cukobirlik, an agricultural sale cooperative in East Mediterranean of Turkey. The researchers collected data by random questionnaire method. The research data were collected from 155 cooperative shareholders. For the data, exploratory factor, correlation, and regression were analyzed. The results of this analysis show that there is a meaningful relationship between charismatic leaders and the performance and satisfaction of shareholders for these cooperatives. Another result, there is significant relation between land size of cooperative shareholders and the performance and satisfaction of cooperative shareholders.

二项分布Bayes鉴定试验次数的选择与分析

讨论了二项分布的可靠性Bayes鉴定试验方案问题。在试验样本量一定的条件下,充分利用验前信息弥补现场试验信息的不足,从平均后验风险角度制定了成败型系统可靠性鉴定试验的Bayes方案。密切结合工程试验,从生产和使用双方的实际风险的角度,研究分析了Bayes可靠性鉴定试验与评估的联系与差异。最后,与传统的鉴定试验方案进行了分析比较,明确了Bayes方法的使用范围,对于工程试验方案的选择具有实际的指导意义。

基于Bayesian理论的测试性验证试验方案

为了降低测试性验证试验的不确定性风险损失,提出了基于Bayesian理论的测试性验证试验方案。该方案综合考虑了故障注入成本以及弃真和采伪两类风险损失,建立了基于风险损失的试验方案模型。根据Bayesian理论,结合验前信息推导出试验最小样本和最大合格判定数的计算公式,并给出基于Bayesian平均风险准则的弃真和采伪两类风险参数的求解方法。在此基础上,按照试验期望风险损失最小的原则求解试验方案模型。结果表明,该方案能有效降低试验两类风险损失。

Foss v. Harbottle规则与中国股东代表诉讼

英国公司法中的Foss v. Harbottle规则及其例外是英国公司法保护少数派股东权利的一种独特的救济方式。它不仅影响了英美法系国家的股东代表诉讼制度,而且影响着部分大陆法系国家和地区的股东代表诉讼制度。尽管中国新公司法已经确定了自己的股东代表制度,但英国在代表诉讼制度上的保守态度和经验,依然值得我们借鉴。

湿H_2S介质厚板压力容器的焊接

通过对湿H_2S介质的厚壁容器进行焊接性分析,选择S、P含量低的焊材,采取合理的焊接工艺措施,以控制焊缝硬度、降低焊接应力,提高了设备在特殊介质下的安全运行能力。

有限责任公司夫妻共有股权的问题与对策

在有限责任公司中,婚后用夫妻共同财产购买股份,婚姻存续期间一方作为该公司股东(即公示方),配偶一方为非股东(即非公示方)时该股权如何行使处分权,以及婚姻关系结束后,共有股权如何分割现存较大争议。不支持夫妻共有股权分割的裁判观点无法终局性解决问题,这一裁判观点将把这一问题又推向夫妻双方,极有可能导致二次诉讼,浪费司法资源;只分割财产部分的司法裁判也不符合法理,共有财产的分割应及于财产的全部。按照代表人制度,可以将股东资格和股权进行割裂,股权的分割不等同于股东资格的取得,股权分割只是将股权按比例在夫妻之间分配,并不必然导致一方取得股东资格,若欲取得股东资格,还应按照相关规定,尊重其他股东的优先购买权。因此,夫妻共有股权应当支持分割,且分割范围应及于股权的全部。

A welding document management software package based on a Client/Server structure

According to specifications for Welding Procedure Qualification of ASME IX Section and Chinese code, JB 4708 2000, a software package for managing welding documents has been rebuilt. Consequently, the new software package can be used in a Limited Area Network (LAN) with 4 different levels of authorities for different users. Therefore, the welding documents, including DWPS (Design for Welding Procedure Specifications), PQRs (Procedure Qualification Records) and WPS (Welding Procedure Specifications) can be shared within a company. At the same time, the system provides users various functions such as browsing, copying, editing, searching and printing records, and helps users to make decision of whether a new PQR test is necessary or not according to the codes above as well. Furthermore, super users can also browse the history of record modification and retrieve the records when needed.

Dynamic grey model of verification cycle and lifecycle of measuring instrument and its application

Two dynamic grey models DGM (1, 1) for the verification cycle and the lifecycle of measuring instrument based on time sequence and frequency sequence were set up, according to the statistical feature of examination data and weighting method. By a specific case, i.e. vernier caliper, it is proved that the fit precision and forecast precision of the models are much higher, the cycles are obviously different under different working conditions, and the forecast result of the frequency sequence model is better than that of the time sequence model. Combining dynamic grey model and auto-manufacturing case the controlling and information subsystems of verification cycle and the lifecycle based on information integration, multi-sensor controlling and management controlling were given. The models can be used in production process to help enterprise reduce error, cost and flaw.

Corporate Governance, Sustainable Development and Value Creation Some Evidences From Italian Listed Companies

Modern corporate situations, characterized by the globalisation of the markets and of the information, highlight the need to link the potential of a not transient growth to the adequate reconciliation of all the expectations converging around the entrepreneurial formula and not only of those attributable to shareholders. In such a defined context, corporate governance tends to evolve from a situation of primary care for the expectations of shareholders （shareholder＇s view） and for the correlated financial responsibility, to a wide consideration of all the stakeholders （stakeholder＇s view） and related responsibilities （financial, environmental, social, administrative）. The correct carrying out of governance processes requires, therefore, a clear focus on sustainable development and on the related assumption of a concept of global responsibility. The decisions made by the governing bodies must be driven by the purpose to create value in the long term according to conditions of fairness and sustainable development. To sum up, this research aims to deepen the existing connections between corporate governance, sustainable development and value creation on the basis of the empirical analysis of a limited number of listed Italian companies afferent to the public utilities sector. The paper, based on a deductive approach, is composed of two distinct but strictly connected parts： the first theoretical and the second empirical. The empirical research consists of a content analysis of the most recent documents （sustainability reports and annual reports） worked out by the selected companies. The results obtained about the degree respect of sustainable development conditions by each company are linked to the related value dimension （social, economic, competitive and environmental performance） aimed at verifying if the assumption of a corporate governance approach inspired by sustainability is susceptible of favouring the company development in a medium long term. From the delivered research it emerges how public utilities that promote behaviours in line with the sustainability conditions are marked out by stable growth paths. Conversely, the companies that assume a vision mainly addressed to the economic dimension, neglecting the other areas are generally compromised in the performance realized.

论夫妻共有股权分割规则及其完善

夫妻共有股权的分割过程,实质上是对夫妻双方所享有的股东权益再分配的过程。为实现股权权益的公平分割,首先需明确夫妻共有股权的分割对象及于包括财产权益与人身权益在内的全部股权权益,制度设计范围内对股权本身的分割不会损害有限责任公司之人合性。完全隐名的非股东配偶基于其所享有的股权权益,在有限责任公司其他股东过半数同意和放弃行使优先购买权的前提下,可主张分割股权本身而获得股东资格。不完全隐名的非股东配偶则无需受到上述股权转让限制性规则的限制。夫妻共有股权分割方式的确定应以夫妻双方协商一致为先,不能协商一致的,应根据夫妻双方对分割方式的不同意愿,由法院具体确定分割方案。

股东知情权问题的再探讨--以S市J区法院股东知情权案件为样本的分析

股东知情权纠纷案件在公司类纠纷案件中所占比例较高,在司法实践中,股东与公司之间往往就知情权的主体、查阅的范围、查阅目的的正当性等存在争议。通过《公司法解释四》施行后3年内S市J区法院受理的股东知情权纠纷案件的样本分析,法官股东知情权案件时应从股东知情权的主体、知情权的权利范围、查阅会计账簿目的的正当性审查等方面进行梳理。

论名义股东转让代持股的法律效力

针对名义股东处分代持股的法律效力问题,学界曾经有较大与较长时间的争论,至《公司法解释三》第二十五条一锤定音,参照善意取得制度予以规制,其意图旨在平衡隐名出资人、名义股东以及外部第三人的利益,但其隐含有“名义股东转让股份系无权处分”之意,反而动摇了第二十四条所确立的股权代持中股东资格的认定标准。在股权代持的情形下,采纳形式说作为股东资格的认定标准具有其合理性,其不仅是对外观主义原则和公示主义原则的遵循,有利于公司法体系的逻辑自洽,而且能够较好地平衡各方的风险和利益,遏制商事实践中股权代持泛滥的不正常现象。据此,隐名出资人和名义股东的代持法律关系应受合同法规制,其对外部第三人不具有法律约束力,名义股东取得代持股份的股东资格,其转让代持股的行为属于有权处分,即使其未经隐名出资人同意,处分行为亦属有效,而隐名出资人仅能向名义股东主张合同权利,非经显名化程序不能取得股东资格。

配电网低电压治理方案动态评价方法研究

针对当前配电网低电压改造项目缺乏行之有效的动态评价方案,从项目改造的经济性和治理效果着手,同时考虑到负荷动态增长,在站-线-变-户(变电站-馈线-配变-用户)低电压精细化评价体系的基础之上,提出了综合电压合格率,负荷-电压灵敏度、效果成本比等指标,对配电网改造项目进行动态评估。综合电压合格率用以表征区域内电压质量的水平,衡量项目改造前后低电压治理效果。负荷-电压灵敏度表征区域内负荷变化对电压质量的影响,建立区域电压偏差与负荷之间关系,对项目改造后的电压质量进行预估。效果成本比作为项目改造的动态评价指标,通过实例验证,证明了其有效性,为配电网低电压改造项目评估提供了理论依据。

《民法典》实施背景下行政协议相对性及其例外规则探微

《民法典》对合同相对性及其突破规则予以了明确规定,而目前对行政协议相对性及其例外规则既缺乏制度支撑,也缺乏理论探讨。行政协议具有协商性、合意性特质,其缔结、履行及违约处理需要遵循合同相对性原则。相对性原则具有维护行政协议中的意思自治、保护第三人的行为自由及维护交易安全和秩序的功能。基于行政协议法律关系中行政主体职权调整的需要、行政主体行政优益权行使的需要和行政协议追求公共利益的需要,行政协议相对性例外规则具有特殊生成机理。行政协议相对性原则在行政协议第三人原告主体资格判断方面具有典型运用价值,需要在区分履行利益与固有利益、支配权与债权、代位权与撤销权等基础上考量行政协议相对性及其例外规则之运用。

电网系统用电检查管理系统的设计与实现

结合安徽电网系统用电检查人员、资格证书管理工作的实际情况,采用先进的多层C/S和B/S相结合系统结构,利用Mysql数据库开发了一套结构合理、安全高效的用电检查人员及其资格证书管理系统。该系统有效地提高了用电检查资格证书管理工作的效率和水平,大大降低了该项工作的成本和劳动强度。并通过采用Navicat有效地管理Mysql数据库,华表Cell组件的应用,以及助记码的使用进一步增强系统的实用性。

我国股东代表诉讼制度建立的法理基础和基本思路

股东代表诉讼的诉权基础是共益权,股东代表诉讼的当事人适格必须结合股东代表诉讼判决的对世效力一并予以考虑。在当事人适格方面,决定原告资格的惟一条件是股东的公正性和代表性;被告的适格问题必须与公司的诉讼地位一并考虑,公司在股东代表诉讼中处于共同诉讼的参加人。由于股东代表诉讼涉及到公司的利益,且代表公司行使诉权的管理人员可能与公司有利益上的冲突,因此,在股东代表诉讼中应当适当地限制当事人主义的适用。

公司股东出资义务研究

出资义务是股东依照约定和公司法规定产生的特殊合同义务。股东资格和股东权利是相互联系的不同概念。股东资格是依据出资授受协议产生的地位、名义和资格,股东权利是股东享有的各种具体权利。股东违反出资义务的,公司有权限制股东权利,有权诉请股东单独或者连带承担出资补足的责任。为了更好地平衡公司、公司股东以及债权人的利益关系,我国公司法应当明确引入股东除名制度,取消不履行出资义务的股东的股东资格。

澳大利亚护理研究生教育与职业资格衔接关系的介绍

目的介绍澳大利亚护理研究生教育与职业资格制度的衔接现状及监管体系,以期为建立我国的护理硕士专业学位教育与职业资格的衔接制度提供借鉴。方法采用文献调研法和专家访谈法,在对澳大利亚护理学位教育、职业资格及其衔接关系现状进行充分了解的基础上,系统地分析澳大利亚护理硕士学位开业护士方向教育与职业资格衔接的现状及监管体系。结果澳大利亚护理硕士学位开业护士方向教育与开业护士紧密衔接,且监管体系中各机构相互协作,共同参与开业护士的教育与管理,保证了开业护士的培养质量。结论建议我国借鉴澳大利亚开业护士的教育与职业资格衔接的模式,结合我国具体国情,将护理硕士专业学位教育或者其中某一专业方向教育作为取得某类职业资格的必需条件。完善护理硕士专业学位教育体系,健全护士分层级体系,构建有力的监管体系,最终培养出符合社会所需的高层次、应用型、专科型的护理专门人才。

上市公司控股股东受信义务的引入

针对我国证券市场上大量存在的控股股东通过截留、挪用等行为侵占上市公司资金和利用非公允关联交易、操纵公司重大决定等方式损害上市公司及中小股东利益的现象,我国《民法通则》、《公司法》以及一些行政规章虽然对此有所规制,但规制大多集中在对董事等高级管理人员的责任追究上,而对操纵董事会及公司高管的控股股东或实际控制人的责任追究明显不足。本文认为,引入英美法系国家的受信义务,可以弥补现有法律对控股股东规制不足的缺陷。